| 单词 | scar |
| 例句 | scar noun 1.•the scar on his left cheek:cicatrix, mark, blemish, disfigurement, discoloration, defacement | pockmark, pock, pit | lesion, stigma | birthmark, nevus | (scars) stigmata. 2.•deep psychological scars:trauma, damage, injury.▶verb 1.•the leg will heal, but he's likely to be scarred for life:disfigure, mark, blemish, discolor | pockmark, pit | stigmatize. 2.•the landscape has been scarred by strip mining:damage, spoil, mar, deface, injure | rare disfeature. 3.•she was profoundly scarred by the incident:traumatize, damage, injure, wound | distress, disturb, upset.USAGE scarify, scorify Scarify (from scar, but pronounced as if from scare) means (1) “make superficial marks or incisions in; cut off skin from”; (2) “break up the surface of (the ground) with a spiked machine [a scarifier] for loosening soil or building roads”; or (3) “pain by severe criticism.” Sense 1 is most common—e.g.: “Rub the seed across some sandpaper to weaken the hard seed coat or scarify it with a knife for better germination.” ( Virginian-Pilot [Norfolk]; Apr. 20, 1997.) This sense applies also to body adornment by cutting and scraping—e.g.: “Worse, once piercing becomes commonplace among people like, well, Leslie, the trendsetters up the ante with other forms of body alteration: cutting (scarification as adornment), branding (searing flesh with high heat in artistic patterns) and—please don't eat during this next sentence—tongue splitting, in which the tongue is cleaved nearly in half so as to cause it to fork like a lizard's.” ( Washington Post; Feb. 11, 2003.) Sense 3 is also fairly common—e.g.: “With a combination of dazzling philosophical acumen and scarifying wit, Stove does for irrationalism in Karl Popper's philosophy. .. what the Romans did for Carthage in the Third Punic War.” ( New Criterion; Mar. 1997.) An identically pronounced, but separate, scarify, based on the root word scare, dates from the late 18th century but remains mostly dialectal. It often carries a lighthearted connotation—e.g.: “The cost-of-living index had taken a scarifying new jump of 1.2 percent in February, to an annual rate of 15 percent.” ( Newsweek; Apr. 2, 1979.) Scorify = reduce to dross or slag. The term surfaces most commonly in cognate forms, such as scorifier —e.g.: “Hanging adjacent to the furnace are the specialized tongs for handling crucibles, cupels and the dishlike ceramic containers called scorifiers.” ( Bulletin [Bend, OR]; Apr. 2, 1997.).Usage notes show additional guidance on finer points of English usage. |
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