| 例句 |
actual adj.
⇨ real (in actual fact…) ⇨ very (his actual words) real adjective real ♦︎ actual ♦︎ true ♦︎ genuine ♦︎ authentic ♦︎ properThese words all describe sth that is real and not imagined, false or artificial. 这些词均表示真实的、实际存在的、非凭空想象的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a real / the actual / the true / a genuine / a proper reason◆the real / actual / true cost of sth◆a real / a true / a genuine / an authentic work of art◆real / genuine leather / silk / gold◆real / genuine / authentic enough■ real [usually before noun] existing in fact and not imagined, false or artificial; having all the important qualities that sth should have to deserve to be called what it is called 真实的；实际存在的；真正的；名副其实的◆It wasn't a ghost; it was a real person.那不是鬼魂，是实实在在的人。◆pictures of animals, both real and mythological真实世界和神话中的动物的图片◆Marilyn Monroe's real name was Norma Jean Baker.玛丽莲•梦露的真名是诺尔玛•琼•贝克。◆See the real Africa on one of our walking safaris.来一趟我们安排的观赏野生动物的徒步远行之旅，看看真实的非洲吧。◆I do my best to hide my real feelings from others.我尽力在其他人面前隐藏真实感受。◆Are those real flowers?那些是真花吗？◆She never had any real friends at school.她从来没有在学校交过真正的朋友。 OPP imaginary , pretend ⇨ fictional ▸ really adverb ◆Tell me what really happened.告诉我究竟发生了什么事。■ actual [only before noun] used to emphasize what sth is really like, rather than how it appears to be or how you might expect it to be 真实的，实际的（而非表面看来或预想的）◆What were his actual words?他原话是怎么说的？◆The actual cost was much higher than we had expected.实际成本比我们预计的要高得多。◆James looks younger than his wife but in actual fact (= really) he is several years older.詹姆斯看起来比他妻子年轻，但实际上他要大好几岁。 OPP hypothetical , notional ⇨ supposed , potential ⇨ likely ▸ actually adverb ◆Well, what did she actually say?那么，她到底是怎么说的？■ true real or exact, especially when this is different from how sth seems; having all the important qualities that sth should have to deserve to be called what it is called 真实的，真正的（而非表面上的）；名副其实的◆the true face of socialism (= what it is really like rather than what people think it is like) 社会主义的真实情况◆He reveals his true character to very few people.他没有向什么人显露过他的真实性格。◆It was true love between them.他们是真心相爱。◆He's a true gentleman.他是个正人君子。◆The painting is a masterpiece in the truest sense of the word.这幅画是名副其实的杰作。▸ truly adverb ◆He started the first truly international ballet company.他创办了第一个真正的国际芭蕾舞团。NOTE 辨析 Real or true?In many cases you can use either word. 在许多情况下这两个词可以通用◆You're a real / true friend.你是个真正的朋友。◆He's a real / true gentleman.他是个正人君子。However, real looks at the necessary qualities of sth in a more practical way; true looks at those qualities in a more romantic way. Real is used more often than true in negative sentences; true is used more often to emphasize how rare or unique sth is. 不过，real是从较为实际的角度看事物的必备特征，true是从较为浪漫的角度看那些特征。real比true更常用于否定句，true更常用于强调事物如何稀有或独特◆She never had any true friends at school. ◆It was real love between them. ■ genuine exactly what it appears to be; not artificial 真正的；真品的；真迹的◆Is the painting a genuine Picasso?这幅画是毕加索的真迹吗？◆Fake designer watches are sold at a fraction of the price of the genuine article.伪造的名牌手表以真品的若干分之一的价格出售。◆Only genuine refugees can apply for asylum.只有真正的难民才能申请政治避难。 OPP fake , imitation ⇨ artificial 1 ■ authentic / /ɔːˈθentɪk/ / known to be real and genuine and not a copy 真正的；真品的；真迹的◆I don't know if the painting is authentic.我不知道这幅画是不是真迹。NOTE 辨析 Genuine or authentic?These words are very close in meaning and range. Genuine describes sth that really belongs to a group of things of the same type. Authentic describes sth that has really been produced or created by sb/sth. This means that sometimes either word can be used. 这两个词的含义和使用范围非常接近。genuine描述某物确实属于某类事物，authentic描述某物确为某人或某物所生产或创造。这意味着有时这两个词可通用◆a genuine / an authentic Picasso一幅毕加索的真迹 ■ proper /ˈprɒpə(r); NAmE ˈprɑːpər/ [only before noun] (BrE, spoken) that you consider to be real and satisfactory 真正的；像样的；名副其实的◆Eat some proper food, not just toast and jam!吃点正常的食物，别净吃烤面包片加果酱！◆When are you going to get a proper job?你想什么时候去找一份像样的工作啊？ⓘ In American English, use real. 在美式英语中用real。 very adjective very ♦︎ actual ♦︎ exact ♦︎ preciseThese words are all used to emphasize that you are talking about a particular thing or moment. 这些词均表示某个事物或时刻是特定的、正是的、恰好的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆the very / actual / exact / precise moment◆sb's very / actual / exact words◆the actual / exact / precise nature of sth◆the very / exact same sth■ very [only before noun] used to emphasize that you are talking about a particular thing or person and not about another （特指人或事物）正是的，恰好的，同一的◆Those were her very words.那都是她的原话。◆That's the very thing I need.那正是我需要的东西。■ actual / /ˈæktʃuəl/ / [only before noun] used to emphasize the most important part of sth （强调事情最重要的部分）真正的，⋯本身◆The wedding preparations take weeks but the actual ceremony takes less than an hour.准备婚礼需要几周的时间，而婚礼仪式本身还不到一小时。■ exact [only before noun] used to emphasize that sth happens at a particular time or in a particular way （时间或方式）确切的，完全的，正好的◆We need to know the exact time the incident occurred.我们需要了解事情发生的确切时间。◆ (rather informal, especially spoken) I had the exact same problem as you when I first started.我开始时也遇到了和你完全相同的问题。 see also exact ⇨ exact ▸ exactly adverb ◆It happened almost exactly a year ago.这件事差不多正好是一年前发生的。■ precise / /prɪˈsaɪs/ / [only before noun] (rather formal) used to emphasize that sth happens at a particular time or in a particular way （时间或方式）确切的，完全的，正好的◆Doctors found it hard to establish the precise nature of her illness.医生感到难以判定她的确切病情。 see also precise ⇨ exact ▸ precisely adverb ◆The meeting starts at 2 o'clock precisely.会议2点整开始。NOTE 辨析 Exact or precise?In many cases you can use either word. 在许多情况下这两个词可以通用◆at that exact / precise moment恰好在那个时候◆the exact / precise nature of sth某事的确切性质However, precise is often more formal than exact and is not used in the more informal expressions. 但是，precise常比exact正式，不用于非正式表达方式◆I had the precise same problem. |