| 例句 |
cheap adj.
⇨ cheap (cheap fares/shoes) ⇨ despicable (a cheap joke/trick) ⇨ mean 2 (She was too cheap to buy a present.) ⇨ poor 2 (cheap and nasty) cheap adjective cheap ♦︎ competitive ♦︎ budget ♦︎ affordable ♦︎ reasonable ♦︎ inexpensive ♦︎ economical ♦︎ half-priceThese words all describe a product or service that costs little money or less money than you expected. 这些词均表示便宜的、廉价的。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达便宜的程度| competitive | ➔ | cheap | ➔ | half-price | | affordable | | budget | | | | reasonable | | economical | | | | inexpensive | | | | |
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆cheap / competitive / budget / affordable / reasonable / economical prices / rates / fares◆cheap / competitive / budget / affordable / inexpensive / economical products / services◆cheap / competitive / affordable / inexpensive goods◆very / quite cheap / competitive / affordable / reasonable / inexpensive / economical◆highly competitive / economical◆relatively cheap / competitive / affordable / inexpensive■ cheap costing little money or less money than you expected; charging low prices 便宜的；廉价的；收费低廉的◆A good education is not cheap.好的教育可不便宜。◆A quality pair of Italian shoes doesn't come cheap.一双优质的意大利鞋子不会便宜。◆They've got brand new CD players going cheap.他们有全新的CD播放机降价出售。◆Her school managed to get a couple of computers on the cheap.她的学校设法买到了几台廉价的计算机。◆The town is full of immigrant workers, used as a source of cheap labour (= workers who are paid very little, especially unfairly).这座城里有很多外国移民，是廉价劳动力来源。◆ (BrE) We found a cheap and cheerful cafe (= one that is simple and charges low prices but is pleasant).我们找到了一家价格低廉、环境宜人的咖啡馆。ⓘ Cheap can also be used in a disapproving way to suggest that sth is poor quality as well as low in price. * cheap亦可用于贬义，指价廉而质次◆It was just a bottle of cheap perfume.那只是一瓶廉价香水。◆ (BrE) a cheap and nasty bottle of wine一瓶便宜的劣质葡萄酒 see also cheap ⇨ poor 2 OPP expensive ⇨ expensive ▸ cheaply adverb ◆I'm sure I could buy this more cheaply somewhere else.我相信这个东西在别处买更便宜。◆You can live very cheaply in Greece.在希腊生活花费可以很少。■ competitive / /kəmˈpetətɪv/ / (especially business 尤用于商业) (of prices, goods or services) as cheap as or cheaper than those offered by other companies; able to offer goods or services at competitive prices （价格或收费）不过高的，更便宜的，有竞争力的◆We aim to provide a first-rate competitive service.我们旨在提供一流的、有竞争力的服务。◆We need to work harder to remain competitive with other companies.我们必须加倍努力，以保持与其他公司竞争的实力。◆They had gained a competitive advantage over rival companies.他们已经取得超越对手公司的竞争优势。OPP uncompetitive ⓘ Uncompetitive goods and services are not cheaper or better than others and therefore not able to compete equally. * uncompetitive指产品或服务不够便宜或品质不够好，因而缺乏竞争力◆an uncompetitive industry不具竞争力的行业◆uncompetitive prices缺乏竞争力的价格 ▸ competitively adverb ◆competitively priced goods价格上有竞争力的商品■ budget [only before noun] (used especially in advertising 尤用于广告) cheap because it offers only a basic level of service （因仅提供基本服务而）价廉的，花费少的◆Save pounds on budget flights to the sun.享受阳光，享受特价机票。◆a budget airline / hotel便宜的航班／旅馆■ affordable cheap enough for most people to afford 买得起的；（价格）可以承受的◆We offer the best at affordable prices.我们以可承受的价位提供最佳品质。◆There is less and less affordable housing in this town.在这个城镇房子越来越买不起了。■ reasonable (of prices) not too expensive （价格）不太贵的，公道的◆We sell good quality food at reasonable prices.我们以公道的价格出售优质食品。 OPP unreasonable ⇨ high 1 ▸ reasonably adverb ◆The apartments are reasonably priced.这些公寓定价不算贵。■ inexpensive (rather formal) cheap 不昂贵的◆Can you recommend an inexpensive hotel?你能推荐一家不太贵的旅馆吗？ⓘ Inexpensive is often used to mean that sth is good value for its price. It is used instead of cheap, because cheap can suggest that sth is poor quality. * inexpensive常指某物性价比高。用它而不用cheap，因为 cheap暗指某物质量较差。 OPP expensive ⇨ expensive ■ economical /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪkl, ˌekəˈnɒmɪkl; NAmE ˌiːkəˈnɑːmɪkl/ providing good value or service in relation to the cost 经济的；实惠的◆These cars are very economical to run (= they do not use too much fuel).这些轿车很省油。◆It would be more economical to buy the bigger size.买大份儿的更实惠。 OPP uneconomical ⓘ Something that is uneconomical uses too much money or time, or too many materials, and is therefore not likely to make a profit. * uneconomical指花费太多钱、太多时间或太多材料，因而不太可能赢利◆It soon proved to be uneconomical to stay open 24 hours a day.很快就证明每天24小时营业不经济。 ▸ economically adverb ◆I'll do the job as economically as possible.我会尽可能高效率地工作。■ ˌhalf-ˈprice costing half the usual price 半价的◆We waited in line and managed to get two half-price tickets.我们排队等候，总算买到了两张半价票。 OPP full-price ▸ ˈhalf-ˈprice adverb ◆Children aged under four go half-price.四岁以下儿童半票。▸ ˈhalf price noun [uncountable] ◆We have many items at half price or less.我们许多商品都以五折或更低价格出售。 despicable adjective despicable ♦︎ cheap ♦︎ dishonourable ♦︎ worthless ♦︎ feckless ♦︎ contemptibleThese words all describe people or actions that deserve hatred or no respect. 这些词均表示人或行为可鄙的、卑鄙的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆despicable / dishonourable of sb◆despicable / dishonourable conduct◆a despicable / worthless / feckless / contemptible man / woman◆a worthless / feckless husband / wife / father / mother / parent◆absolutely despicable / worthless■ despicable / /dɪˈspɪkəbl/ / (formal, disapproving) deserving hatred and condemnation (= the expression of very strong disapproval) 卑鄙的；应受谴责的◆That was a despicable act.那是一种卑鄙行为。◆I hate you! You're despicable.我恨你！你真卑鄙。 see also despise ⇨ hate ■ cheap (disapproving) (of a person) having a low status and therefore not deserving respect; (of an action) unpleasant or unkind and rather obvious （人）卑贱的，可鄙的；（行为）令人讨厌的，明显不友好的◆His treatment of her made her feel cheap (= ashamed, because she had lost her respect for herself).他那样待她使她觉得很丢脸。◆I was tired of her cheap jokes at my expense.我厌烦她拿我开低俗的玩笑。ⓘ When cheap is used to describe a person, it nearly always refers in an offensive and disapproving way to a woman who likes to attract men and have sex. * cheap描述人时几乎总是修饰那些喜欢勾引男人并与之发生性行为的女人，含冒犯或不满的态度◆a cheap floozy / tart / whore下贱的荡妇／骚货／婊子When used to describe an action, cheap usually collocates with joke, laugh, trick or jibe. * cheap描述行为时通常与joke、laugh、trick或jibe搭配。 ■ dishonourable (BrE) (NAmE dishonorable) / /dɪsˈɒnərəbl; NAmE dɪsˈɑːnərəbl/ (rather formal, disapproving) not deserving any respect; immoral or unacceptable 不名誉的；不光彩的；可耻的◆It would have been dishonourable of her not to keep her promise.她要是不履行诺言就太不道义了。◆He was given a dishonourable discharge (= an order to leave the army for unacceptable behaviour).他因行为不轨被开除了军籍。 OPP honourable ⇨ respectable , honourable ⇨ worthy see also dishonour ⇨ disgrace noun 2 ▸ dishonourably adverb ◆She acted dishonourably in accepting money for information.她出卖情报的行为很可耻。■ worthless (disapproving) (of a person) having no good qualities or useful skills （人）品质坏的，一无是处的◆He's just a worthless individual.他实在是个品质坏的人。◆Constant rejections made her feel worthless.屡遭拒绝使她觉得自己一无是处。 see also worth ⇨ value noun 1 ■ feckless (rather formal, written, disapproving) (of a person) having a weak character; not behaving in a responsible way （人）性格懦弱的，不负责任的◆Her husband was a charming, but lazy and feckless man.她丈夫讨人喜欢，但却是个懒惰没出息的人。■ contemptible /kənˈtemptəbl/ / (formal, disapproving) not deserving any respect at all 可鄙的；卑劣的；遭人唾弃的◆I will not tolerate this mean and contemptible behaviour.我不会容忍这种卑鄙恶劣的行为。 see also contempt ⇨ contempt mean2 adjective a mean thing to do 这么做不厚道mean with money 用钱很吝啬mean ♦︎ frugal ♦︎ cheap ♦︎ thrifty ♦︎ stingyThese words all describe sb who is not willing to give or share things, especially money. 这些词均表示吝啬的、小气的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆mean / frugal / stingy with sth■ mean (BrE, disapproving) not willing to give or share things, especially money; given unwillingly and in small quantities 吝啬的；小气的；给得不多的◆They were too mean to buy the kids proper beds.他们太小气了，连像样的床都不给孩子买。◆Don't be so mean with the chocolate sauce.别那么舍不得放巧克力酱。◆It was difficult to manage the department on such a mean budget.预算这么紧，管理这个部门不容易。OPP generous ⇨ generous ■ frugal / /ˈfruːgl/ / using only as much money or food as is necessary （对金钱、食物等）节约的，节俭的◆The monks lead a frugal existence in their isolated monastery.那些僧侣在偏远的寺院里过着俭朴的生活。■ cheap (NAmE, informal, disapproving) not willing to spend money 小气的；抠门儿的◆Don't be so cheap!别这么小气！◆She was just too cheap to buy a real present.她就是太抠门儿了，舍不得买一件像样的礼物。■ thrifty (approving) careful about spending money; not wasting things 节约的；节俭的◆He was brought up to be thrifty and never to get into debt.他从小就被教导勤俭节约，绝不欠债。■ stingy / /ˈstɪndʒi/ / (informal, disapproving) mean 吝啬的；小气的；给得不多的◆Don't be so stingy with the cream!别那么舍不得放奶油！◆It was a stingy offer and he turned it down.报价很小气，他回绝了。NOTE 辨析 Mean, cheap or stingy?The main differences between these words are in geography and register. Mean is British, stingy is informal and cheap is American and informal. Mean and stingy can describe a person or an amount of money, but cheap can only describe a person. 这些词的主要区别在于使用的地域和语体风格。mean用于英式英语，stingy是非正式用语，cheap用于美式英语，也是非正式用语。mean和stingy可描述人或一定数额的钱，但cheap只可描述人。 poor2 adjective poor people/countries 穷人；穷国poor quality 质量差poor ♦︎ bad ♦︎ cheap ♦︎ low ♦︎ dismal ♦︎ (taboo) crap ♦︎ inferior ♦︎ (taboo) shit ♦︎ hopeless ♦︎ second-rateThese words all describe sth that is of a low standard or quality. 这些词均表示质量差的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a poor / a bad / a cheap / an inferior / a second-rate copy / imitation◆poor / bad / low / inferior / second-rate quality◆poor / bad / low visibility◆a poor / bad / low opinion of sb / sth◆a poor / a bad / a dismal / a crap / an inferior / a shit performance◆a poor / bad / dismal result / record◆a poor / a bad / a crap / an inferior / a shit design◆poor / bad / inferior / second-rate service◆poor / bad / inferior workmanship◆a poor / a low / a dismal / an inferior standard◆a bad / a cheap / a crap / an inferior / a shit / a second-rate product◆very poor / bad / low / inferior / second-rate■ poor below the standard or quality that is acceptable or expected 质次的；差的；次的◆We discussed the party's poor performance in the election.我们讨论了该党在选举中欠佳的表现。◆She's been in poor health for some time now.她健康不佳已有些时日。◆On the whole he had a poor opinion of human nature.总的来说，他认为人性本恶。◆It was raining heavily and visibility was poor.大雨倾盆，能见度低。OPP fine ⇨ good 1 ▸ poorly adverb ◆The job is relatively poorly paid.相对来说，这工作报酬很低。◆Our candidate fared poorly in the election (= did not get many votes).我们的候选人在选举中得票不多。■ bad (rather informal) of a poor quality or standard 质量差的；水平低的◆I thought it was a very bad article.我认为那是一篇低劣的文章。◆That's not a bad idea.那主意不错。◆This isn't as bad as I thought.这没我原来想的那么差。OPP good ⇨ good 1 ▸ badly adverb ◆She sang two songs, very badly.她唱了两首歌，唱得糟透了。◆The whole thing was badly organized.整件事的组织工作搞得一团糟。NOTE 辨析 Poor or bad? Poor is more frequent in written English in this meaning, but bad is used more in informal spoken English. Some words do not collocate with both poor and bad. * poor表达此义时较常用于书面语，bad多用于非正式的口语。有些词只能与poor或bad其中之一搭配◆They have a poor standard of living.他们的生活水平很低。◆a bad standard of living ◆I don't think it's a bad school.我认为这所学校不错。◆I don't think it's a poor school. ■ cheap low in price and quality 价廉质劣的◆The room was filled with the smell of cheap perfume.房间里弥漫着廉价香水的味道。◆The market has been flooded with cheap imports.市场里充斥着廉价进口货。 see also cheap ⇨ cheap ▸ cheaply adverb ◆The leaflet had been cheaply produced and photocopied.传单制作粗糙，影印质量差。■ low below the usual or expected standard or quality 低于通常（或预期）标准的；质量差的◆Much of the work was of a very low standard.大部分工作做得很差。◆These measures will lead to a lower quality of life for many older people.这些措施将导致许多老年人生活品质下降。 OPP high ⇨ high 1 ■ dismal / /ˈdɪzməl/ / (informal) not skilful or successful; of a very low standard 不熟练的；差劲的；不怎么样的◆The singer gave a dismal performance of some old songs.那歌手唱了几首老歌，唱得不怎么样。◆Their recent attempt to increase sales has been a dismal failure.他们最近努力想提高销售量，全都白费劲。ⓘ Dismal most often collocates with failure, performance, result, record and weather. * dismal最常与failure、performance、result、record和weather搭配。▸ dismally adverb ◆I tried not to laugh but failed dismally (= was completely unsuccessful).我尽量忍着不笑，但根本忍不住。■ crap (BrE) (NAmE crappy) (taboo, slang) of a very poor quality or standard 劣质的；糟糕的ⓘ Crap should only be used in an informal situation to sb who is your equal in age and status. If said to sb who is older or who considers themselves more important than you, it could cause very great offence. * crap仅限于在非正式场合与年龄、地位相仿的人交谈时使用。如果在与年长者或自认为地位更高的人说话时使用该词，可能会造成很大的冒犯◆I used to be in this really crap band.我曾在这个极差劲的乐队待过。◆a crappy movie / apartment差劲的电影／公寓 see also crap ⇨ rubbish noun ▸ crap adverb ◆ (BrE) The team played crap yesterday.这个队昨天的表现糟透了。■ inferior /ɪnˈfɪəriə(r); NAmE ɪnˈfɪriər/ (rather formal) not as good as sth else of the same kind 较差的；次的；比不上⋯的◆The cracks in the structure were due to the poor-quality materials and inferior workmanship.建筑物产生裂缝的原因是原料质量差、工艺水平低。◆Modern music is often considered inferior to that of the past.人们常认为现代音乐不如过去的音乐。 OPP superior ⇨ better , superior ⇨ good 1 ■ shit (BrE) (NAmE shitty) (taboo, slang) of a very poor quality or standard 劣质的；糟糕的ⓘ Shit should only be used in an informal situation to sb who is your equal in age and status. If said to sb who is older or who considers themselves more important than you, it could cause very great offence. It is an even stronger and more offensive term than crap. * shit仅限于在非正式场合与年龄、地位相仿的人交谈时使用。如果在与年长者或自认为地位更高的人说话时使用该词，会造成很大的冒犯。shit甚至比crap语义更强、更无礼◆I was a shit player.我球打得很臭。◆They're a shitty team.他们队臭极了。■ hopeless (BrE, informal) of a very low quality or standard of service （服务）糟透了的，极差的◆The buses are absolutely hopeless these days.如今的公交车简直糟糕透了。■ ˌsecond-ˈrate not as good as sth else of the same kind 二流的；平庸的；普通的◆Why do we only produce second-rate films?为什么我们只拍出二流的电影？ OPP first-rate ⇨ excellent |