| 例句 |
add up to phrasal verb
⇨ be (The numbers add up to 100.) ⇨ represent 1 (These clues don't really add up to very much.) be linking verb be ♦︎ total ♦︎ equal ♦︎ add up to sth ♦︎ amount to sth ♦︎ number ♦︎ run to sthThese words all mean to reach a particular number or amount when all numbers/amounts have been added together. 这些词均表示总计、总和等于。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to be / total / equal / add up to / amount to / number / run to 50 / 2 million, etc.◆to be / total / equal / add up to / amount to / run to $250 / 75%◆to be / total / add up to / amount to / number / run to about / around / approximately sth◆to be / total / add up to / amount to / number / run to nearly / almost / over / more than / at least sth◆to be / total / add up to / amount to / number fewer than / no more than sth◆to be / total / add up to / amount to less than sth◆to total / amount to / number / run to some 50, 300, pages, pieces, etc.◆profits / scores total / add up to / amount to sth◆income totals / adds up to / amounts to sth◆a / an group / crowd / army totals / numbers 25, 1000, etc.■ be to be the same in size, quantity, value, etc. as sth else （大小、数量、价值等）与⋯相等，等于◆Three and three is six.三加三等于六。◆How much is a thousand pounds in euros?一千英镑合多少欧元？◆Let x be the sum of a and b.设x为a加b之和。■ total (-ll-, NAmE -l-) (especially business 尤用于商业) to reach a particular number or amount when added together 总数达；共计◆Imports totalled $1.5 billion last year.去年的进口总额达15亿元。◆In 2005-6, college enrolments totalled some 5 400.2005至2006学年大学招生总数约为5 400人。 see also total ⇨ whole adj. ■ equal (-ll-, NAmE -l-)to be the same in size, quantity, value, etc. as sth else （大小、数量、价值等）与⋯相等，等于◆2x plus y equals 7 (2x+y=7) 2x加y等于7。◆A metre equals 39.38 inches.1米等于39.38英寸。 see also equal ⇨ equal adj. NOTE 辨析 Be or equal?In some cases you can use either word. 在有些情况下这两个词可以通用◆Three and three is / equals six.三加三等于六。◆Let x be / equal the sum of a and b.设x为a加b之和。However, equal is not usually used in questions. 不过，equal通常不用于疑问句中◆How much does a thousand pounds equal in Euros? It is slightly more formal than be and is usually only used in exact sums. * equal比be稍正式，通常只用于表示确切的数目◆A metre is about / around / approximately 40 inches.1米约等于40英寸。◆A metre equals about/around/approximately 40 inches. ■ ˌadd ˈup to sth phrasal verb to make a total amount or number of sth 总共是；总计为◆The numbers add up to exactly 100.这些数字的总和恰好是100。◆Their earnings were £250, £300 and £420, adding up to a total of £970.他们的收入分别是250英镑、300英镑和420英镑，共计970英镑。■ aˈmount to sth phrasal verb to reach a particular number or amount when added together 总计为；共计◆His earnings are said to amount to £300 000 per annum.据说他每年的酬金高达30万英镑。■ number to make a particular number when added together 总计；共计；数以⋯计◆The crowd numbered more than a thousand.聚集的人群共计一千多人。◆We numbered 20 (= there were 20 of us in the group).我们总共20人。NOTE 辨析 Total, add up to sth, amount to sth or number? Add up to and number can be used to emphasize the process of calculating a total through mathematics or counting; total and amount to sth focus more on the number/amount rather than the process of arriving at the result. Total and amount to sth are used especially in business writing when describing the performance of a company or industry. Number usually has people as the subject of the sentence; total is the only other verb that can be used like this. * add up to和number强调通过计算得出总数的过程； total和amount to sth更着重于得出的数目或数量，而非计算的过程。total和amount to sth尤用于描述公司或产业业绩的商业写作中。number的主语通常是人，本组同义词中只有total也可这么用◆The crew totalled / numbered sixteen.机组人员共计十六人。◆The crew added up to/amounted to sixteen. ■ ˈrun to sth phrasal verb to be of a particular size or amount, especially when this is surprisingly large 达到，有（尤指惊人的规模或数量）◆The book runs to nearly 800 pages.这本书有近800页。◆The cost of repairing damaged roads alone will run to £1 million.单是修复损毁道路的花费就将达到100万英镑。 represent1 verb represent a major breakthrough in AIDS research 是艾滋病研究的重大突破represent sb's views/good qualities/the idea of peace 代表某人的看法／优良品质／和平理念represent ♦︎ constitute ♦︎ pose ♦︎ amount to sth ♦︎ come down to sth ♦︎ add up to sthThese words all mean to be considered to be sth or to result in sth. 这些词均表示相当于、意味着、导致。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to represent / constitute / pose / amount to a challenge / threat◆to represent / constitute / pose a problem / danger / risk◆to represent / constitute / amount to a / an failure / increase / breach◆to represent / constitute an achievement / improvement◆a / an result / activity / action represents / constitutes sth◆It all amounts to / comes down to / adds up to sth.■ represent linking verb (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) (rather formal, written) to be sth; to be the result of sth 相当于；意味着；是⋯的结果◆This contract represents 20% of the company's annual revenue.这份合同相当于公司20%的年收入。◆These results represent a major breakthrough in AIDS research.这些结果是艾滋病研究的重大突破。◆The peace plan represents (= is the result of) weeks of negotiation.这个和平计划是数周谈判的成果。■ constitute /ˈkɒnstɪtjuːt; NAmE ˈkɑːnstətuːt/ linking verb (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) (formal) to be sth; to be considered to be sth 相当于；意味着；被算作◆Does such an activity constitute a criminal offence?这样的活动也算刑事犯罪吗？◆The increase in racial tension constitutes a threat to our society.种族间紧张状态的升级是对我们社会的一种威胁。NOTE 辨析 Represent or constitute? Represent is used especially with words relating to change. * represent尤与变化有关的词连用◆This represents a change / a break / a shift / a departure / a turning point / an improvement / an increase / a reduction / a decline.这是一个变化／一个中断／一个转变／一种背离／一个转折点／一种进步；这表示增加／减少／下降。 Constitute is used more to talk about dangerous or negative situations or acts. * constitute尤用于谈论危险或负面的情况或行为◆This constitutes a threat / danger / crime / breach / nuisance / weakness / refusal.这构成了威胁／危险／犯罪／违反／妨害；这被视为一种缺点／拒绝。 ■ pose [transitive] to be or create a problem or threat that has to be dealt with 造成，引起，产生（问题或威胁）◆The task poses no special problems.这项任务不会造成特别的问题。◆Pollutants in the river pose a real risk to the fish.河里的污染物对鱼类构成了真正威胁。■ aˈmount to sth phrasal verb [no passive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) (rather formal) to be equal to or the same as sth 等于；相当于◆Her answer amounted to a complete refusal.她的答复等于一口拒绝。◆Their actions amount to a breach of contract.他们的行为已属违反合同。◆We were jailed for a week－well, confined to quarters, but it amounted to the same thing.我们坐了一个星期的牢，哦，是被关了禁闭，不过反正都是一回事。ⓘ Amount to sth is often used in relation to offences in law. * amount to sth常用于与违法有关的语境◆This amounts to dismissal / contempt of court / abuse / discrimination / obstruction / assault.这等同于解雇／藐视法庭／虐待／歧视／阻碍／袭击。 ■ ˌcome ˈdown to sth phrasal verb (came, come) [no passive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) (rather informal) to be able to be explained by a single important point 可归结为；可归纳为◆What it comes down to is, either I get more money or I leave.归结起来就是：不给我加薪，我就辞职。■ ˌadd ˈup to sth phrasal verb [no passive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to lead to a particular result; to show sth 结果是；表示◆These clues don't really add up to very much (= give us very little information).这些线索实际上说明不了什么问题。 |