| 例句 |
adopt verb
⇨ bring sb up (adopt a child) ⇨ choose (adopt a name) ⇨ pretend (adopt an air of indifference)bring sb up phrasal verb bring sb up ♦︎ adopt ♦︎ raise ♦︎ rear ♦︎ foster ♦︎ be born and bredThese words all refer to how a child grows up and is cared for. 这些词均表示抚养、养育、培养。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to be brought up / raised / reared / born and bred in a place◆to be brought up / raised / reared / born and bred as sth◆to be brought up / raised / reared / born and bred (as) a Catholic / Protestant / Muslim / Jew, etc.◆to bring up / adopt / raise / rear / foster a child◆to bring up / adopt / raise / rear a daughter / son / family◆to bring up / adopt / raise / foster a baby◆to raise / rear young / animals / sheep / chickens / poultry■ ˌbring sb ˈup phrasal verb [often passive] to care for a child, teaching him/her how to behave, until he/she is grown up 抚养；养育；教养◆She brought up five children.她抚育了五个孩子。◆He was brought up by his aunt.他是由姨妈带大的。◆What a well brought up child!多么有教养的孩子！◆They were brought up (= taught as children) to respect authority.他们从小就被教导尊重权威。■ adopt [intransitive, transitive] to take sb else's child into your family and become its legal parent(s) 收养；领养◆He led a campaign to encourage childless couples to adopt.他领导了鼓励无子女夫妇领养孩子的运动。◆She was forced to have her baby adopted.她被迫把婴儿给人收养了。 see also take sb in ⇨ accommodate ▸ adoption /əˈdɒpʃn; NAmE əˈdɑːpʃn/ noun [uncountable, countable] ◆She put the baby up for adoption.她提出要让人收养那个婴儿。■ raise [transitive, often passive] (especially NAmE) to care for a child or young animal until it is grown up 养育（幼儿或幼兽）；抚养；培养◆They were both raised in the South.他俩都是在南方长大的。◆These kids have been raised on a diet of hamburgers.这些孩子是吃汉堡包长大的。◆I was born and raised a city boy.我是个在都市里出生长大的男孩子。 see also raise ⇨ keep 4 NOTE 辨析 Bring sb up or raise?When it is used in British English to talk about caring for a child, raise is slightly more formal than bring sb up. 在英式英语中，表示养育孩子时，raise较bring sb up略正式。■ rear /rɪə(r); NAmE rɪr/ [transitive, often passive] (rather formal) to care for young animals or children until they are grown up 养育（幼兽或幼儿）；抚养；培养◆She reared a family of five on her own.她一个人养活了五个孩子。◆Lions usually manage to rear about half the number of cubs born to them.狮子通常设法喂养大约半数自己所生的幼崽。 see also rear ⇨ keep 4 NOTE 辨析 Raise or rear? Raise is more often used to talk about children; rear is more often used to talk about animals. * raise较常指养育孩子，rear较常指喂养动物。■ foster [transitive, intransitive] (especially BrE) to take sb else's child into your family for a period of time, without becoming his or her legal parent(s) 代养，抚育，照料（他人子女）◆They have fostered over 60 children during the past ten years.过去十年间他们抚育了60多个孩子。◆We couldn't adopt a child, so we decided to foster.我们不能领养孩子，所以决定代养一个。▸ foster adjective [only before noun] ◆a foster mother / father / family / child / home代养母亲／父亲；代养的家庭／小孩；寄养家庭◆foster parents代养父母◆foster care寄养照管■ be ˌborn and ˈbred idiom to have been born and to have grown up in a particular place with a particular background and education （在某地）出生长大；受过⋯熏陶◆He was born and bred in Boston.他生于波士顿，长于波士顿。◆I'm a Londoner, born and bred.我是个土生土长的伦敦人。 choose verb choose ♦︎ select ♦︎ pick ♦︎ decide ♦︎ opt ♦︎ go for sth ♦︎ single sb/sth out ♦︎ adoptThese words all mean to make a decision about which thing or person you want out of the ones that are available. 这些词均表示选择、挑选。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to choose / select / pick / single out A from B◆to choose / select / pick / decide between A and / or B◆to choose / select / pick / opt for / go for / single out / adopt sb / sth as sb / sth◆to choose / select / pick / single out sb / sth for sb / sth◆to choose / select / pick / opt for / go for / single out / adopt sb / sth to do sth◆to choose / decide / opt to do sth◆to pick / single sb / sth out◆to choose / select / pick sb / sth carefully / at random◆randomly chosen / selected / picked◆well chosen / selected■ choose (chose, chosen) [intransitive, transitive] to make a decision about which thing or person you want out of the ones that are available 选择；挑选；选取◆You choose－I can't decide.你来选吧，我拿不定主意。◆There are plenty of restaurants to choose from.有许多餐馆可供选择。◆She had to choose between giving up her job or hiring a nanny.她不得不在放弃工作和雇用保姆之间作出选择。◆You have to take any job you can get－you can't pick and choose.你能找到什么工作就得干什么－不能挑三拣四了。◆He chose banking as a career.他选择在银行业发展。◆You'll have to choose whether to buy it or not.买还是不买，你得作出选择。◆We chose Paul Stubbs to be chairperson.我们选了保罗•斯塔布斯当主席。 see also choice ⇨ option , choice ⇨ range 1 ■ select [transitive, often passive] (rather formal) to choose sb/sth, usually according to a system, from a group of people or things （根据一套体系）选择，挑选，选拔◆He hasn't been selected for the team.他未能入选该队。◆All our hotels have been carefully selected for the excellent value they provide.我们的所有旅馆都是精心挑选的，因此最为合算。◆a randomly selected sample of 23 schools随机抽选的23所学校◆selected poems of T.S. EliotT.S.艾略特诗选◆Select 'New Mail' from the 'Send' menu.从“发送”选单中选择“新邮件”。 see also selection ⇨ range 1 ■ pick [transitive] (rather informal) to choose sb/sth from a group of people or things 选择；挑选◆Pick a number from one to twenty.从一至二十中挑选一个数。◆Names were picked at random out of a hat.名字随机从一顶帽子中选出。◆He was picked out as the best player.他被选为最佳选手。NOTE 辨析 Choose, select or pick? Choose is the most general of these words and the only one that can be used without an object. * choose在这些词中含义最广，也是唯一可以不带宾语的词◆You select/pick－I can't decide. When you select sth, you choose it carefully, unless you actually say that it is selected randomly/at random. Pick is a more informal word and often a less careful action, used especially when the choice being made is not very important. * select表示仔细挑选，除非特意说明select randomly/at random（随机选取）。相比之下，pick不太正式，常指随意挑选，尤用于所作选择不太重要的情况◆Select a number from one to twenty. ■ decide [intransitive] to choose between two or more possibilities 作出抉择；决定；选定◆It was difficult to decide between the two candidates.很难在这两个候选人之间取舍。◆We're still trying to decide on a venue.我们仍在设法选定场地。◆You choose－I can't decide.你来选吧，我拿不定主意。 see also decide ⇨ decide ■ opt [intransitive] to choose to take or not to take a particular course of action 选择（做某事）◆After graduating she opted for a career in music.毕业后她选择从事音乐工作。◆After a lot of thought, I opted against buying a motorbike.考虑了许久，我决定不买摩托车。◆Many workers opted to leave their jobs rather than take a pay cut.许多工人宁愿离职也不接受减薪。◆Employees may opt out of the company's pension plan.员工可以选择不参加公司的退休金计划。 see also option ⇨ option ■ ˈgo for sth phrasal verb (goes, went, gone) (rather informal) to choose sth 选择某物◆I think I'll go for the fruit salad.我想要水果沙拉。■ ˌsingle sb/sth ˈout phrasal verb to choose sb/sth from a group for special attention 单独挑出◆She was singled out for criticism.唯独她被挑出来挨批。◆He was singled out as the outstanding performer of the games.他被评为这次运动会唯一的杰出运动员。■ adopt [transitive] to choose a new name, country, etc. and begin to use it as your own 选用（名字等）；移居（某国）；承袭◆The royal family adopted the name of Windsor early in the last century.王室在上世纪早期选用温莎为名。 pretend verb pretend ♦︎ act ♦︎ feign ♦︎ put sth on ♦︎ adopt ♦︎ fake ♦︎ bluff ♦︎ assumeThese words all mean to behave in a particular way, in order to make other people believe sth that is not true. 这些词均表示假装、伪装。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to pretend / feign / assume interest / indifference◆to feign / fake illness / injury◆to put on / adopt / assume an accent◆to put on / adopt / assume an air of concern / indifference, etc.■ pretend [intransitive, transitive] to behave in a particular way, in order to make other people believe sth that is not true 假装；伪装◆I'm tired of having to pretend all the time.总是要装假，我厌倦了。◆Of course it was wrong; it would be hypocriticial to pretend otherwise.当然是错了，装作没错就是虚伪了。◆I pretended to be asleep.我假装睡着了。◆He pretended not to notice.他装作没看见。◆She pretended (that) she was his niece.她冒充他的外甥女。◆He pretended to his family that everything was fine.他对家人佯称一切都好。◆ (formal) Why hurt her by pretending an interest he did not feel?他对她并无兴趣，为什么要装作对她有好感来伤害她？ⓘ Pretend is followed by a noun only in formal contexts. * pretend仅在正式语境中后接名词。■ act [intransitive] (used with a noun or adjective complement 与名词补语或形容词补语连用) to pretend by your behaviour to be a particular type of person 假装（成某种人）◆He's been acting the devoted husband all day.他整天装出一副模范丈夫的样子。◆I decided to act dumb.我决定装哑。 see also act ⇨ play verb 3 ■ feign / /feɪn/ / [transitive] (rather formal, written) to pretend that you have a particular emotion or that you are ill, injured, asleep or dead 假装，装作，佯装（有某种情感、生病、受伤、睡着或死）◆He survived the massacre by feigning death.他装死才在大屠杀中死里逃生。◆'A present for me?' she asked with feigned surprise.“给我的礼物？”她故作惊讶地问道。■ ˌput sth ˈon phrasal verb (putting, put, put) (rather informal) to pretend to be thinking or feeling sth; to pretend to have a particular way of speaking 装作（有某种想法或感觉）；假装（有口音）◆I don't think she was hurt. She was just putting it on.我认为她没受伤，她是装出来的。◆He put on an American accent.他假装操着一口美国腔。■ adopt [transitive] (formal) to use a particular manner, expression or way of speaking 采用（某种举止、表情或说话方式）◆She adopted an air of indifference.她摆出一副漠不关心的样子。◆He smiled and adopted a more casual tone of voice.他笑了，换了个较为随意的语气。■ fake [transitive, intransitive] (rather informal) to pretend that you are ill, injured or have a particular physical feeling 假装，佯装，装出（有病、受伤或身体有某种感觉）◆She's not really sick － she's just faking it.她并不是真的病了，是装出来的。◆He faked a yawn.他装着打了个哈欠。◆Do you think she's faking?你觉得她是在装假吗？ⓘ When fake is used without an object, it is usually in a negative statement or a question, and in the form faking. * fake不带宾语时，通常以faking的形式用于否定句或疑问句◆But what if he wasn't faking?可要是他不是在装，那怎么办？ ■ bluff [intransitive, transitive] to try to make sb believe that you will do sth that you do not really intend to do, or that you know sth that you do not really know 虚张声势；吹牛；唬人◆I don't think he'll shoot－I think he's just bluffing.我认为他不会开枪－我想他不过是在吓唬人。◆She successfully bluffed her way through the interview (= by pretending to be sb she was not or know things that she did not know).她蒙混过关，通过了面试。 see also bluff ⇨ trick noun ■ assume /əˈsjuːm; NAmE əˈsuːm/ [transitive] (formal, sometimes disapproving) to pretend to be thinking or feeling sth; to pretend to have a particular way of speaking 装作（有某种想法或感觉）；假装（有口音）◆She assumed an air of concern.她装着很关心的样子。◆He had assumed a stage Southern accent.他佯装戏中的南方口音。NOTE 辨析 Put sth on, adopt or assume? Put sth on is rather informal; adopt and assume are formal. Assume is more disapproving than adopt and suggests that sb's behaviour is false. * put sth on是相当非正式的表达方式；adopt和assume很正式。assume的负面含义多于adopt，意为某人的行为是假装出来的、不真诚的。 |