| 例句 |
advance verb
⇨ develop 1 (technology advances) ⇨ go 1 (troops advance) ⇨ lend (advance sb money) ⇨ promote (advance a cause) ⇨ propose (advance a theory)advance noun
⇨ loan (an advance on your salary) ⇨ offer 1 (make sexual advances) ⇨ progress (technological advance)develop1 verb develop from a small village into a thriving resort 从一个小村落发展成繁荣的旅游胜地develop new software 开发新软件 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ improve 2 另见improve条第 2义develop ♦︎ move ♦︎ evolve ♦︎ progress ♦︎ gain ground ♦︎ advance ♦︎ shape up ♦︎ come on/along ♦︎ matureThese words all mean to gradually become bigger, better, stronger or more advanced. 这些词均表示发展、壮大、进步。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to develop / move / evolve / progress / mature from sth◆to develop / move / evolve / progress to sth◆to develop / evolve / mature into sth◆to develop / move / evolve / progress / advance towards sth◆to develop / move / evolve / progress / advance beyond sth◆an idea develops / evolves / gains ground◆a style / theory develops / evolves◆a war / campaign develops / progresses◆to develop / move / evolve / progress / gain ground / advance / mature rapidly / slowly◆to develop / move / evolve / progress / gain ground / advance steadily◆to develop / move / evolve / progress / advance further◆to be developing / progressing / shaping up / coming on well■ develop [intransitive] to gradually become bigger, better, stronger or more advanced; to start to have a skill or quality that becomes better and stronger 成长；发展；加强；增强◆The child is developing normally.这孩子发育正常。◆The place has rapidly developed from a small fishing community into a thriving tourist resort.那个地方已经由一个小渔村迅速发展成繁荣的旅游胜地。◆Their relationship has developed over a number of years.他们的关系是多年发展起来的。 see also development ⇨ progress ■ move [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) (rather informal) to make progress in the way or direction mentioned （以⋯方式或朝某方向）前进，进步，进展◆Time is moving on.时代在进步。◆Share prices moved ahead today.今天股票价格上涨了。◆Things are not moving as fast as we hoped.事情的进展不像我们希望的那么快。ⓘ Move is usually followed by an adverb of direction such as on, ahead or up, or an adverb indicating speed such as fast, slowly, quickly, rapidly, or steadily. * move通常后接方位副词，如on、ahead或up，或表示速度的副词，如fast、slowly、quickly、rapidly或steadily。■ evolve / /iˈvɒlv; NAmE iˈvɑːlv/ [intransitive] (rather formal) to develop gradually, especially from a simple to a more complicated form 逐渐形成，逐渐发展，逐渐演变（尤指从简单变为复杂）◆The idea evolved from a drawing I discovered in the attic.这种想法是受了我在阁楼里发现的一幅画的启发。◆The company has evolved into a major chemical manufacturer.该公司已逐步发展成一家主要的化学制品生产商。 see also evolve ⇨ turn 2 ▸ evolution /ˌiːvəˈluːʃn, ˌevəˈluːʃn/ noun [uncountable] ◆In politics Britain has preferred evolution to revolution (= gradual development to sudden violent change).英国在政治上喜欢渐进而不喜欢剧变。■ progress /prəˈgres/ / [intransitive] to improve or develop over a period of time; to make progress 进步；改进；进展◆The course allows students to progress at their own speed.本课程可以让学生按各自的速度学习。◆Work on the new road is progressing slowly.新公路的修建工作在缓慢进行。ⓘ In this meaning progress is used to talk about a person such as a student who is learning over a period of time, or a piece of work or a project. 表达此义时，progress用来表示学习、工作或项目的进展情况。 see also progress , progression ⇨ progress noun ■ gain ˈground idiom to become more powerful or successful 发展壮大；取得进展；取得成功◆Sterling continues to gain ground against the dollar.英镑对美元的比价继续坚挺。◆These ideas slowly gained ground over the next ten years.在随后的十年里这些观点慢慢地被人们接受了。ⓘ Gain ground is most often used to talk about a system, a party or movement, or sb's views or ideas. * gain ground的主语最常为system、party、movement或views、ideas。■ advance [intransitive](of knowledge or technology) to develop and improve （知识或技术）发展，进步◆Our knowledge of the disease has advanced considerably in recent years.近年来我们对这种疾病的了解大为加深。◆As medical science advances, treatments are becoming more and more expensive.随着医学的发展，治疗费用越来越高了。 see also advance , advancement ⇨ progress noun ■ ˌshape ˈup phrasal verb (often used in the progressive tenses 常用于进行时) (rather informal, especially journalism 尤用于新闻) to develop in a particular way, especially in a satisfactory way 发展，进展（顺利）◆Our plans are shaping up nicely (= showing signs that they will be successful).我们的计划进行得很顺利。◆It's shaping up to be an exciting climax to the championships.看来这将会成为这次锦标赛的一个激动人心的高潮。■ ˌcome ˈon ■ ˌcome along phrasal verb (came, come) (usually used in the progressive tenses 通常用于进行时) (spoken) to improve or develop in the way you want 改进；改善；进展◆'How's the project going?' 'Oh, it's coming on.'“项目进展得如何？”“哦，挺顺利的。”◆It was spring, and the garden was coming along nicely.那是春天，花园里一片欣欣向荣。■ mature /məˈtʃʊə(r), məˈtjʊ(r); NAmE məˈtʃʊr, məˈtʊr/ [intransitive] (rather formal) to fully develop a particular skill or quality （技能或素质）充分发展；成长◆She has matured into one of the country's finest actresses.她已经成长为这个国家最优秀的演员之一。 go1 verb go into the kitchen 进厨房go to China 去中国go ♦︎ get ♦︎ head ♦︎ pass ♦︎ move ♦︎ travel ♦︎ make your way ♦︎ make for sth ♦︎ advance ♦︎ proceed ♦︎ runThese words all mean to move from one place to another. 这些词均表示去往另一地。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to go / get / pass / move / travel / make your way / advance / proceed / run from... to...◆to go / get / head / move / travel / make your way / advance / proceed to sb / sth◆to go / head / move / travel / make your way / advance / proceed / run towards sb / sth◆to head / make for sb / sth◆to go / get somewhere / make your way by bus / train / car, etc.◆to go / get / head / make your way / make for home■ go (goes, went, gone) [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to move from one place to another; to move somewhere in order to get to a particular place; to move in a particular way 去；（为到达某处或以某种方式）移动◆She went into her room and shut the door behind her.她走进自己的房间，随手关上门。◆She's gone to see her sister.她看她姐姐去了。◆Could you go and get me a towel?你能去帮我拿条毛巾吗？◆ (NAmE) Go get me a towel.去帮我拿条毛巾。◆Slow down－you're going too fast.慢点儿－你开得太快了。◆The car went skidding off the road.汽车打滑冲出公路。ⓘ Been, not gone, is used as the past participle when sb has gone to a place and come back. 表示某人去过某地并已返回，过去分词用been，不用gone◆She's gone to town (= and is there now or on her way there).她进城去了。◆I've just been to town (= I went to town and have now returned).我刚才去城里了。 ⓘ Go is usually used from the point of view of the person who is moving somewhere. 使用go时通常从行进者的角度出发。 OPP come ⇨ come 1 see also go ⇨ leave 1 ■ get (getting, got, got; NAmE spoken getting, got, gotten) [intransitive, transitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to go to or from a particular place or in a particular direction, sometimes with difficulty; to make sb/sth do this （使）到达，离开；（沿某方向）移动；艰难地移动◆How can we get to the other side of town?我们怎么才能到城的另一边？◆I don't know how he managed to get down from the roof.我不知道他是怎么设法从房顶上下来的。◆She got back into bed.她回到床上睡觉了。◆Where have they got to (= where are they)?他们去哪里了？◆We'd better call a taxi and get you home.我们最好叫辆出租车送你回家。 see also get ⇨ get 4 ■ head [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) (rather informal) to move in a particular direction; to start going to a particular place 朝（某方向）前进；启程（前往某处）◆Where are we heading?我们要往哪里去？◆She headed for the door.她朝着门走去。◆The boat was heading out to sea.那条船正在出海。■ pass [intransitive] (rather formal) (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to go along or through a place or past a particular point 经过；穿过；通过◆The procession passed slowly along the street.队伍沿街缓缓行进。◆Bomber planes were passing overhead all night.轰炸机整夜不断从头顶飞过。■ move [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to go in a particular direction, especially a short distance （尤指短距离地）移动◆Phil moved towards the window.菲尔朝窗户走去。◆We moved a little nearer.我们移近了一些。◆The traffic moved slowly along the highway.车辆在公路上缓慢前行。■ travel (-ll-, NAmE -l-) [intransitive] to go or move at a particular speed, in a particular direction or over a particular distance （以某速度、朝某方向或在某距离内）行进，转送，传播◆The truck was travelling at 90 mph when it veered off the road.那辆卡车拐下道路时正以90英里的时速行进。◆Messages travel from the nerve endings to the brain.信息从神经末梢传送到大脑。◆News travels fast these days.如今消息传播得很快。■ make your ˈway idiom (made, made) (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to go somewhere, especially slowly or when this is difficult to do （尤指缓慢或困难地）去，前往，到⋯地方去◆Will you be able to make your own way to the airport (= get there without help or a ride)?你能自己去机场吗？◆She turned and made her way home.她掉转方向回家去了。■ ˈmake for sth phrasal verb (made, made)to move towards sth, especially when you are in a hurry or feel the need to get somewhere or get out of somewhere 向⋯移动（尤指匆忙或想要去或离开某地）◆People were making for the exits.人们纷纷往出口走。◆He advised us to get out of the city and make for the coast.他建议我们离开市区前往海边。■ advance [intransitive] (rather formal) to move forwards or towards sb/sth, often in a threatening way or in order to attack 前进；推进；进逼◆Troops were given the order to advance.部队得到了前进的命令。◆They had advanced 20 miles by nightfall.夜幕降临时，他们已推进了20英里。◆The mob advanced on us, shouting angrily.暴民愤怒地喊叫着向我们逼近。OPP retreat ⇨ withdraw 1 ▸ advance noun [countable] ◆Their advance on the city seemed unstoppable.他们向那座城市步步逼近，似乎势不可挡。■ proceed /prəˈsiːd; NAmE proʊˈsiːd/ [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) (formal) to move or travel in a particular direction, especially to continue a journey 行进，前往（尤指为了继续行程）◆The marchers proceeded slowly along the street.游行者沿着街道缓缓行进。◆Passengers for Frankfurt should proceed to Gate 14.前往法兰克福的旅客请到14号登机口。■ run (running, ran, run) [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to move over a surface, especially quickly, in a particular direction （尤指快速地向某处）移动◆The car ran off the road into a ditch.汽车冲出路面，掉进沟里。◆A shiver ran down my spine.我猛然感到脊背发凉。◆The sledge ran smoothly over the snow.雪橇在雪地上平稳地滑行。◆The old tramlines are still there but no trams run on them now.昔日的电车轨道还在，如今却没有电车在上面运行了。 lend verb lend ♦︎ loan ♦︎ advanceThese words all mean to allow sb to use sth that belongs to you, which they have to return to you later, or to give sb money, which they have to pay back later. 这些词均表示把物品或钱借给别人。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to lend / loan / advance sth to sb◆to lend / loan / advance money◆a bank / building society lends money◆to kindly lend / loan sth■ lend (lent, lent) [transitive, intransitive] to give sth to sb or allow them to use sth that belongs to you, which they have to return to you later; to give money to sb on condition that they pay it back later 借给；借出；（向⋯）贷款◆I've lent the car to a friend.我把车借给了一个朋友。◆They refused to lend us the money.他们拒绝借钱给我们。◆Banks are less willing to lend in these uncertain times.在这种前景不明朗时期，银行是不那么愿意贷款的。OPP borrow ⇨ borrow ■ loan [transitive] (especially NAmE) to lend sth to sb, especially money 借出，贷与（尤指钱）◆The bank is happy to loan money to small businesses.这家银行乐于贷款给小型企业。◆A friend loaned me $1 000.一个朋友借给了我1 000元。ⓘ Especially in British English, loan also means to lend a valuable object to a museum or art gallery. 尤其是在英式英语中，loan还表示把贵重物品出借给博物馆或美术馆◆This exhibit was kindly loaned by the artist's family.本展品承蒙艺术家的家人惠借。▸ loan noun [singular] ◆an exhibition of paintings on loan (= borrowed) from private collections借用私人收藏品举办的画展◆I even gave her the loan of my car.我甚至把车也借给了她。 see also loan ⇨ loan noun ■ advance [transitive] (rather formal) to give sb money before the time it would usually be paid 预付；透支◆We are willing to advance the money to you.我们愿意预付款项给你。◆We will advance you the money.我们将把钱款预付给你。 see also advance ⇨ loan noun promote verb promote ♦︎ foster ♦︎ further ♦︎ advance ♦︎ spurThese words all mean to help sth to develop or succeed. 这些词均表示促进、增进。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to promote / foster / further / advance understanding (of sth)◆to promote / further / advance sb's interests / career◆to promote / further / advance a cause◆to promote / foster / spur development / growth◆to promote / foster awareness (of sth)◆to further / advance knowledge◆to actively / directly / deliberately / intentionally / energetically promote / foster sth■ promote [transitive] (rather formal) to help sth to happen or develop 促进；推动◆These measures are designed to promote economic growth.这些措施的目的是促进经济增长。◆Basketball stars from the US have helped promote the sport in Italy and Spain.美国的篮球明星促进了这项运动在意大利和西班牙的发展。◆The church tries to promote racial harmony.教会努力促进种族和谐。▸ promotion noun [uncountable] ◆ (formal) a society for the promotion of religious tolerance一个促进宗教包容性的团体■ foster [transitive] (rather formal, written) to encourage sth to grow and develop 促进；培养；鼓励◆The club's aim is to foster better relations within the community.俱乐部的宗旨是促进社区内人们关系的和谐。◆The school has carefully fostered its progressive image.该校精心打造了一个开明进步的形象。■ further [transitive] (rather formal) to help sth to develop or succeed 促进；增进◆She took the new job to further her career.为了事业的进一步发展她接受了这个新岗位。◆We are committed to furthering the interests of our members.我们承诺要增进成员的利益。■ advance [transitive] (rather formal) to help sth to develop or to succeed 促进；增进◆Will excavating this site advance our knowledge of history in a significant way?发掘这个古迹将在很大程度上增进我们对历史的了解吗？NOTE 辨析 Promote, foster, further or advance? Foster is usually used to talk about encouraging sth which does not yet exist or is new or just starting. Further and advance are used to talk about helping sth to develop more or be more successful than it already is. Promote is used in both contexts. * foster通常指培养尚未存在或初见端倪的事物。further和advance指促进事物的完善和成功。promote可用于这两种语境。■ spur (-rr-) [transitive] (written) to make sth happen faster or sooner 促进，加速，刺激（某事发生）◆The agreement is essential to spurring economic growth.这项协议对于促进经济增长是至关重要的。◆An increase in the country's arsenal could spur an arms race in the region.该国增加武器装备会刺激这一地区的军备竞赛。 propose verb ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ recommend 1 另见recommend条第1义propose ♦︎ suggest ♦︎ put sth forward ♦︎ move ♦︎ advance ♦︎ mootThese words all mean to tell people about a plan, idea or theory for them to discuss or consider. 这些词均表示建议、提议。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to propose / suggest / put forward / advance / moot sth as sth◆to propose / suggest / be put forward / move / be mooted that...◆to propose / suggest / put forward / advance / moot an idea◆to propose / put forward / advance / moot a plan◆to propose / suggest / put forward / moot a scheme◆to propose / suggest / put forward / advance a solution◆to propose / put forward / advance a theory◆to put forward / advance / moot a proposal◆to propose / suggest / put forward a / an change / measure / alternative◆to propose / put forward / advance a view■ propose [transitive] (rather formal) to tell people about a plan or idea for them to think about and decide on; to tell people about a plan or idea at a formal meeting and ask them to vote on it; to suggest an explanation of sth for people to consider 提议；建议；提出⋯供表决；提供（解释）◆The measures have been proposed as a way of improving standards.提议采取这些措施是为了提高质量。◆He proposed changing the name of the company.他建议更改公司的名称。◆It was proposed that the president be elected for a period of two years.有人提议当选主席任期为两年。◆It was proposed to pay the money from public funds.有人建议用公款支付这笔钱。◆He will propose a motion (= be the main speaker in support of an idea) in tomorrow's debate.他将在明天的辩论会上提出一项动议。◆She proposed a possible solution to the mystery.她为这不解之谜提出了一个合理的解释。 see also oppose ⇨ oppose , second ⇨ support 1 , table ⇨ present 3 ■ suggest [transitive] to tell people about a plan or idea for them to think about 建议；提议◆I suggest (that) we go out to eat.我提议咱们出去吃吧。◆I suggested going in my car.我提议坐我的车去。◆He suggested to the committee that they should delay making a decision.他向委员会建议延期决定。◆It has been suggested that bright children take their exams early.有人提议天资聪明的孩子提前考试。◆The report suggested a two-stage process.该报告建议分两个阶段进行。■ ˌput sth ˈforward phrasal verb (putting, put, put) (rather formal) to tell people about a plan or idea for them to discuss, usually so that sth can be decided 提出，提议，建议（以便作出决策）◆Several suggestions were put forward for possible venues.关于场地，已经提出了几个建议。◆He put forward some very convincing arguments.他提出了一些相当有说服力的论据。NOTE 辨析 Propose, suggest or put forward? Suggest is often used in less formal situations than propose or put sth forward, especially when making personal suggestions or arrangements. 与propose和put sth forward相比，suggest常用于不太正式的场合，尤指提出个人的建议和安排◆I suggest that we go out to eat.我提议咱们出去吃。You can say 'I propose that we go out to eat.' but this sounds very formal. Put sth forward is not used with I in this way. 可以说I propose that we go out to eat，但这听起来非常正式。表达此义时put sth forward的主语不能是I◆I put forward that we go out to eat. Suggest is sometimes less certain than propose or put sth forward: you might suggest sth in order to be helpful, or in a gentle way because you are not sure how welcome your suggestion will be; you are more likely to propose or put sth forward in a confident way and when you definitely want your idea to be accepted. When sth is to be considered in a formal process it is more usual to use propose or put sth forward. * suggest有时显得不如propose或put sth forward有把握，suggest表示提出建议是为了有所帮助，或不清楚他人是否乐于听取而出言谨慎。propose或put sth forward较常指自信地提出建议，绝对希望被采纳。通过正式程序提出建议或动议时较常用propose或put sth forward◆They are ready to discuss plans proposed / put forward by the UN.他们准备就联合国提出的方案进行讨论。◆They are ready to discuss plans suggested by the UN. You can put forward but not propose or suggest a suggestion or argument. * put forward可以后接suggestion或argument，但propose和suggest不可以。 ■ move [transitive] (formal) to suggest sth formally, for example in parliament or in a formal debate, so that it can be discussed and decided （正式地）提出，提议（如在国会或正式辩论会上）◆I move that a vote be taken on this.我提议就此进行投票。◆The Opposition moved an amendment to the Bill.反对派对法案提出了修正案。■ advance [transitive] (formal) to suggest an idea, theory or plan for people to discuss 提出（想法、理论或计划供讨论）◆The article advances a new theory to explain changes in the climate.这篇文章提出了一个新的理论来解释气候变化。ⓘ Advance is a more formal way of saying put sth forward; it is used especially in theoretical contexts, to talk about an idea, a theory, a thesis, an explanation or an argument, although it can also be used in practical contexts to talk about plans and solutions. * advance比put sth forward正式，尤用于理论研究的语境，宾语可以是idea、theory、thesis、explanation或argument。当然advance也可用于实际生活语境，表示提出计划和解决方案。■ moot / /muːt/ / [transitive, usually passive] (formal) to suggest a plan for people to discuss 提出⋯供讨论◆The idea was first mooted at last week's meeting.这一想法在上周的会议上首次提出。◆It had been mooted that there should be a study period after school.有人提出放学后应该有自习时间。ⓘ An idea is usually mooted at a fairly early stage of thinking, before all the details have been worked out into a definite proposal. * moot通常指提出一个初步的想法，有待研究相关细节后才能提出确切的建议。 loan noun loan ♦︎ credit ♦︎ mortgage ♦︎ advance ♦︎ overdraftThese are all words for money that a person or an organization such as a bank lends sb. 这些词均表示借款、贷款。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a loan / credit / a mortgage / an advance / an overdraft from sb / an organization◆a mortgage / an advance on sth◆a large / huge loan / mortgage / advance / overdraft◆(a) low-interest loan / credit / mortgage / overdraft◆(a) cheap loan / credit / mortgage◆(an) interest-free loan / credit / overdraft◆a temporary loan / mortgage / overdraft◆(a) bank loan / credit / mortgage / overdraft◆to have a loan / a mortgage / an advance / an overdraft◆to get a loan / credit / a mortgage / an advance◆to obtain / arrange / apply for / refuse sb / deny sb (a) loan / credit / a mortgage◆to take out / request / pay off / repay a loan / mortgage■ loan [countable] money that an organization such as a bank lends to sb 贷款；借款◆I'm going to have to take out a bank loan (= to borrow money from a bank) to pay for the car.我得要贷款买车了。◆It took three years to repay my student loan (= money lent to a student).我用了三年时间才还清助学贷款。◆He ran up massive debts borrowing from loan sharks (= people who lend money at very high rates of interest).他因借高利贷而负债累累。 see also loan ⇨ lend verb ■ credit / /ˈkredɪt/ / [uncountable] an arrangement that you make, for example with a shop, to pay later for sth you buy; money that a bank lends to you 赊购；赊欠；（从银行借的）借款，贷款◆We bought the dishwasher on credit.那台洗碗机是我们赊购来的。◆We offer two months' interest-free credit.我们提供两个月的免息赊购。◆Your credit limit is now £2 000.你的信用额度现在为2 000英镑。◆The bank refused further credit to the company.银行拒绝继续为这家公司提供贷款。 see also debit ⇨ debt NOTE 辨析 Loan or credit?A loan is a particular official agreement to borrow an amount of money and pay it back later; credit is a general term for any money that a bank makes available to a customer, when that customer does not already have that amount in their own account. * loan指的是一种正式贷款协议；credit泛指银行为账户资金不足的客户提供的借款。■ mortgage /ˈmɔːgɪdʒ; NAmE ˈmɔːrgɪdʒ/ [countable] a legal agreement by which a bank or similar organization lends you money to buy a house or other property, and you pay the money back over a particular number of years; the sum of money that you borrow 按揭；按揭贷款；抵押贷款◆Do you have a mortage on this house?你这所房子有按揭贷款吗？◆Fortunately we've already paid off our mortgage.幸好我们已还清了抵押贷款。◆Mortgage rates (= of interest) are up again this month.按揭贷款利率本月又上涨了。▸ mortgage verb [transitive] ◆He had to mortgage his house to pay his legal costs.他不得不把房子抵押出去来付诉讼费。■ advance [countable, usually singular] money paid for work before it has been done or money paid earlier than expected 预付工资；预付款◆They offered an advance of £5 000 after the signing of the contract.他们在合同签订后预付了5 000英镑。◆She asked for an advance on her salary.她要求预支薪金。 see also advance ⇨ lend ■ overdraft [countable] /ˈəʊvədrɑːft; NAmE ˈoʊvərdræft/ the amount of money that you owe to a bank when you have spent more money than is in your bank account; an arrangement that allows you to do this 透支额；透支安排◆She had run up an overdraft of £3 000.她的透支额累计达3 000英镑。◆I had to arrange an overdraft to pay for the car.我不得不通过透支来偿付购车款。▸ overdraw verb [transitive] (especially BrE) ◆Customers who overdraw their accounts will be charged a fee.透支的存户须付费。▸ overdrawn adjective ◆I'm overdrawn by £100.我透支了100英镑。◆Your account is £200 overdrawn.您的账户已透支200英镑。 offer1 noun an offer of help 主动提出帮忙an offer of £2 500 for the car 出价2 500英镑买这辆汽车offer ♦︎ approach ♦︎ overture ♦︎ advances ♦︎ proposalThese are all words for an act of suggesting that you do sth for sb, or that sb does sth with you. 这些词均表示主动提议、建议、要求。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆an offer / an approach / overtures / advances / a proposal to sb◆an offer / overtures / a proposal of sth◆an offer / a proposal of marriage◆(a) friendly offer / approach / overtures◆to make / receive an offer / an approach / overtures / advances / a proposal◆to reject sb's offer / approach / overtures / advances / proposal◆to respond to / spurn sb's offer / overtures / advances / proposal◆to accept / decline / refuse / turn down an offer / a proposal■ offer [countable] an act of suggesting that you do sth for sb or that you give sth to sb 主动提议；建议◆Thank you for your kind offer of help.谢谢你好意提出帮忙。◆I accepted her offer to pay.她要付款，我同意了。◆I took him up on his offer of a loan.他主动借钱给我，我接受了。◆You can't just turn down offers of work like that.人家给你工作，你不能就那样一一谢绝呀。■ approach [countable] (rather formal) an act of speaking to sb about sth, especially when making an offer or request 接洽；建议；要求◆The club has made an approach to a local company for sponsorship.俱乐部已经向一家本地公司寻求赞助。◆She resented his persistent approaches.她对他没完没了的纠缠极为反感。▸ approach verb [transitive] ◆We have been approached by a number of companies that are interested in our product.一些对我们的产品感兴趣的公司已和我们接洽。■ overture /ˈəʊvətʃʊə(r), ˈəʊvətjʊə(r); NAmE ˈoʊvərtʃər, ˈoʊvərtʃʊr/ [countable, usually plural] a suggestion or action by which sb tries to make friends, start a business relationship or have discussions with sb else 友好姿态；建议◆He began making overtures to a number of merchant banks.他开始主动同一些投资银行接触。◆Maggie was never one to reject a friendly overture.玛吉从来不会拒绝别人友好的表示。NOTE 辨析 Approach or overture? Approach is often used to talk about a more businesslike way of speaking to sb; overture suggests more of an attempt to persuade sb to like you or want to do business with you. * approach常意味着公事公办的口吻，overture多意味着企图博得某人好感或想博得某人与你做生意。■ advances [plural] (rather formal) attempts to start a sexual relationship with sb 勾引；求爱；追求◆He had made advances to one of his students.他曾追求过他的一个学生。◆She rejected his sexual advances.她拒绝了他的性要求。ⓘ Advances are often described as amorous or sexual, but even when no adjective is used, the sexual meaning is understood. * advance前常用amorous或sexual来修饰，但即使前面没有形容词，性的含义也是可以领会的。■ proposal [countable] an act of formally asking sb to marry you 求婚◆She had been hoping for a sweet old-fashioned proposal of marriage.她一直期待着那种甜蜜的旧式求婚方式。ⓘ Proposal also has the much more frequent and general meaning of a formal suggestion or plan. * proposal更常见、更通用的意思是提议、提案。 see also proposal ⇨ proposal ▸ propose verb [intransitive, transitive] ◆He was afraid that if he proposed she might refuse.他担心他若求婚，她会拒绝。◆She proposed to me!她向我求婚了！◆to propose marriage求婚 progress noun progress ♦︎ development ♦︎ advance ♦︎ rise ♦︎ promotion ♦︎ progression ♦︎ advancementThese are all words for how sth progresses, develops or grows. 这些词均表示进展、发展。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆progress / development / an advance / advancement in sth◆sb / sth's rise / promotion / progression / advancement to sth◆sth is in progress / development◆(a) rapid progress / development / advance / rise / promotion / progression / advancement◆(a) steady progress / development / advance / progression◆(a) slow / gradual / smooth progress / development / progression◆further progress / development / advances / promotion / advancement◆scientific / technical / technological / economic / political / social progress / development / advances / advancement◆personal / individual development / advancement◆career development / progression / advancement◆to achieve progress / development / advances / promotion / progression◆to make progress / advances◆to chart / halt the progress / development / rise / progression of sth◆to assist the progress / development / rise / advancement of sth■ progress [uncountable] (often approving) the process of improving or developing, or of getting nearer to achieving or completing sth 进步；进展；进程◆We have made great progress in controlling inflation.我们在抑制通货膨胀方面取得了巨大进展。◆Technological progress is changing the demand for labour.技术的进步正在改变劳动力的需求。◆Work on the new offices is now in progress.新办公楼正在施工。◆I have one file for completed work and one for work in progress.我有一个文件夹保存处理完的文件，另一个保存正在处理的文件。◆They asked for a progress report on the project.他们要一份项目进度报告。ⓘ Progress is often used as a positive way of talking about technological changes, particularly when there are other people who feel that the changes are having a damaging effect on society. * progress常用来强调技术变革的进步意义，特别是在有人觉得技术变革正给社会带来破坏性影响的时候。 see also progress ⇨ develop verb 1 , progressive ⇨ radical ■ development [uncountable] the gradual growth of sth so that it becomes more advanced or stronger 发展；发育；成长；壮大◆a baby's development in the womb胎儿在子宫内的发育◆the development of basic skills such as literacy and numeracy读写和计算等基本技能的发展◆The company can offer a number of opportunities for career development.该公司能提供一些职业发展的机会。ⓘ Development is used especially to talk about growing (as a child) and learning (throughout life). * development尤指儿童的成长和一生的学习。 see also develop ⇨ develop verb 1 ■ advance [countable, uncountable] progress or development in a particular activity or area of understanding 进步；进展◆recent advances in medical science医学的最新进展◆This represents an advance on existing techniques.这标志着现有技术取得了进步。◆We live in an age of rapid technological advance.我们生活在科学技术飞速发展的时代。ⓘ Advance or advances is used especially to talk about scientific, technological and medical achievements. * advance或advances尤指科学、技术和医学上的进步。 see also advance ⇨ develop verb 1 ■ rise [singular] the act of becoming more important, successful or powerful （重要性、优势或权力的）增强◆The film traces the rise of fascism in Europe.该片记述了法西斯主义在欧洲的兴起。◆the rise and fall of the Roman Empire罗马帝国的兴衰◆His eventual fall was as fast as his meteoric rise to power.他一夜间飞黄腾达，最终又同样迅速地没落了。ⓘ Rise is usually used to describe how a party, social class, state, religion or political system increases in importance, often suddenly, or how a person suddenly becomes powerful or famous, especially in the phrase sb's rapid/swift/spectacular/meteoric rise to power/fame. * rise通常指党派、社会阶层、国家、宗教或政治体制的势力突然增强，或某人迅速掌权、一夜成名，尤用于短语sb's rapid/swift/spectacular/meteoric rise to power/fame。 OPP fall ⇨ overthrow ▸ rise verb [intransitive] ◆She rose to power in the 70s.她于70年代掌权。◆He rose to the rank of general.他升到将军一职。■ promotion / /prəˈməʊʃn; NAmE prəˈmoʊʃn/ [uncountable, countable] a move to a more important job or rank in a company or organization; a move by a sports team from playing in one group of teams to playing in a better group 提升；晋升；（运动队的）晋级◆Her promotion to Sales Manager took everyone by surprise.提拔她当销售经理，叫每一个人都很意外。◆The new job is a promotion for him.这份新工作对他来说就是升迁。◆The players were paid bonuses for winning promotion to the First Division.成功晋级到甲级队，队员都获得了奖金。OPP demotion , relegation ⓘ Demotion is the opposite of being promoted to a better job, but it is not very frequently used. Relegation is when a sports team moves down to play in a worse group of teams. * demotion是晋升的反义词，但不常用。relegation指运动队降级。▸ promote verb [transitive] ◆She worked hard and was soon promoted.她工作勤奋，不久就升职了。◆They were promoted to the First Division last season.上个赛季他们晋级到甲级队。■ progression /prəˈgreʃn/ / [uncountable, countable] (rather formal) the process of developing gradually from one stage or state to another （进入另一阶段或状态的）发展，前进，进程◆What are the opportunities for career progression?事业上发展机会如何？◆The medication halts the rapid progression of the disease.这种药物阻止了疾病的迅速发展。◆This is all part of the natural progression from childhood to adolescence.这都是儿童成长为青少年的自然发展的必经过程。 see also progress ⇨ develop verb 1 ■ advancement [uncountable, countable] (formal) the process of helping sth to make progress or succeed; the progress that is made; progress in a job or social class 促进；发展；（工作或社会等级的）提升◆the advancement of knowledge / education / science知识／教育／科学的发展◆There are good opportunities for advancement if you have the right skills.如果有合适的技能，就有很好的晋升机会。ⓘ Advancement is often used to talk about achievements in people's own lives. * advancement常指人生中取得的成就◆career / material / personal / individual / social advancement职业的发展；物质条件的提高；个人的发展；社会地位的提升 see also advance ⇨ develop verb 1 |