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collect verb
⇨ collect (collect data/signatures) ⇨ get 2 (collect a prize) ⇨ get 3 (collect the children from school) ⇨ raise (collect money)collect verb collect ♦︎ gather ♦︎ accumulate ♦︎ rack up sth ♦︎ run sth up ♦︎ amass ♦︎ accrueThese words all mean to get more of sth over a period of time, or to increase in quantity over a period of time. 这些词均表示收集、积累。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to collect / gather / accumulate / amass data / evidence / information◆to accumulate / rack up / run up / amass / accrue debts◆to accumulate / rack up / run up / accrue losses◆to accumulate / rack up profit◆to accumulate / amass a fortune◆to accumulate / accrue interest◆debts accumulate / accrue◆dirt / dust / debris collects / accumulates◆to gradually / slowly / steadily collect / gather / accumulate (sth)■ collect [transitive, intransitive] to bring things or information together from different people or places; to gradually increase in amount in a place 收集；采集；积聚；积累◆We've been collecting data from various sources.我们一直从不同来源收集数据。◆Samples were collected from over 200 patients.样本是从200多个病人那里采集得来的。◆We seem to have collected an enormous number of boxes (= without intending to).我们似乎无意中积存了大量盒子。◆Dirt had collected in the corners of the room.房间的角落里积满了灰尘。ⓘ People sometimes collect things of a particular type as a hobby. * collect可指作为爱好而收藏◆to collect stamps / postcards / fossils集邮；收集明信片；收藏化石 ■ gather [transitive] to bring things together that have been spread around; to collect information from different sources 收拢，归拢（分散的东西）；搜集，收集（情报）◆I waited while he gathered up his papers.他整理文件时我在一旁等待。◆She gathered her things together and got to her feet.她把她的东西归拢在一起，站了起来。◆Detectives have spent months gathering evidence.侦探花了数月时间搜集证据。NOTE 辨析 Collect or gather?Both collect and gather can be used in the same way to talk about bringing together data, information or evidence. When talking about things, gather is used with words like things, belongings or papers when the things are spread around within a short distance. Collect is used to talk about getting examples of sth from different people or places that are physically separated. * collect和gather均可指收集数据、信息或证据。表示收集物品时，gather可以和things、belongings或papers等搭配，表示归拢分散在不远处的东西。collect可指从较为分散的人或地方采集样本。■ accumulate / /əˈkjuːmjəleɪt/ / [transitive, intransitive] (rather formal) to gradually get more and more of sth over a period of time; to gradually increase in number or amount over a period of time 积累；积聚；（数量或数额）逐渐增加◆I seem to have accumulated a lot of books.我好像已经积了很多书。◆By investing wisely she accumulated a fortune.她投资精明，积累了一笔财富。◆Debts began to accumulate.债务开始增加。◆Dust and dirt soon accumulate if a house is not cleaned regularly.如果房间没有定期打扫，很快就会积尘。▸ accumulation noun [uncountable, countable] ◆the accumulation of wealth财富的积累◆an accumulation of toxic chemicals有毒化学物质的积聚NOTE 辨析 Collect or accumulate?Dust and dirt or some other material can collect or accumulate in a place if it gradually increases in amount over a period of time. Collect is used especially when a small amount of dust or dirt gets stuck in places that are hard to clean. * collect或accumulate均可指尘垢或其他物质在一段时间内逐渐累积。collect尤指少量尘埃或污垢积于某处，难以清除◆Food debris collects in holes in the teeth.食物残渣在齿洞里积聚。 Accumulate is used especially about a larger amount of material that increases very gradually over a very long period of time. * accumulate尤指大量物质在很长的时期逐渐累积◆The sediment accumulates over millions of years.沉积物历经几百万年逐渐沉积。 ■ ˌrack ˈup sth phrasal verb (rather informal, business 商业 or journalism 新闻) to collect sth, such as profits or losses in a business, or points in a competition 累积，聚集（利润、亏损等）；累计取得（得分）◆The company racked up $200 million in losses in two years.该公司两年内损失累计达2亿元。◆In ten years of boxing he racked up a record 176 wins.在十年的拳击生涯中，他累计获胜176次，创下纪录。■ ˌrun sth ˈup phrasal verb (running, ran, ran) (rather informal) to allow a bill, debt or loss to reach a large total 积欠（账款、债务或亏损）；累积◆She had run up a huge phone bill during the course of the relationship.在那段交往中，她积下了数额庞大的电话费。ⓘ Run up is nearly always used with bill, debt or loss. * run up几乎总是与bill、debt或loss连用。■ amass / /əˈmæs/ / [transitive] (especially written) to collect sth in large amounts, especially money, debts or information （大量）积累，积聚（尤指金钱、债务或信息）◆He amassed a fortune from silver mining.他靠开采银矿积累了一大笔财富。◆They amassed enough evidence to convict her.他们搜集了足够证据给她定罪。■ accrue / /əˈkruː/ / [transitive] (formal) to allow a sum of money or debts to grow over a period of time 积累（金钱或债务）◆The money was placed in a special account to accrue interest.那笔钱放在一个专门账户下生息。◆The firm had accrued debts of over $6m.该公司已积欠了600多万元的债务。 get2 verb get tickets/a job/some sleep 弄到票；找到工作；睡会儿觉get a letter/shock 收到信；大吃一惊Go and get help. 去找人帮忙。We got there at 9. 我们9点钟到了那里。get the bus 搭公车get ♦︎ receive ♦︎ accept ♦︎ derive sth from sth ♦︎ reap ♦︎ collectThese words all mean to obtain sth by being given or sent it. 这些词均表示收到、接到。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to get / receive / accept / derive / reap / collect sth from sb / sth◆to get / receive / accept / collect a / an medal / award / prize◆to get / receive / accept / collect (your) winnings / compensation◆to get / receive / accept treatment / payment / help◆to get / receive / accept a / an call / message / complaint / invitation / request / answer◆to get / receive / derive / reap (a / the) benefit◆to get / receive / reap the dividends / profits / rewards◆to get / receive a / an reply / letter / impression / shock / prison sentence◆to get / derive amusement / enjoyment / pleasure / satisfaction / comfort from sth■ get [transitive] (getting, got, got; NAmE spoken getting, got, gotten) [no passive] (rather informal, especially spoken) to obtain sth by being given or sent it 收到；得到；接到◆I got a letter from Dave this morning.今天早上我收到戴夫的一封来信。◆He gets (= earns) about $40 000 a year.他一年挣4万元左右。◆This room gets very little sunshine.这个房间几乎照不进阳光。◆I get the impression that he is bored with his job.我的印象是他厌倦自己的工作。◆I got a shock when I saw the bill.我看到账单时大吃一惊。◆She got great satisfaction from seeing his embarrassment.看到他困窘的样子，她感到非常满足。■ receive [transitive] (rather formal, especially written) to obtain sth by being given or sent it 收到；得到；接到◆I've just received this letter from an old friend.我刚从一个老朋友那里收到这封信。◆Please let me know as soon as you receive payment.请一收到付款就告诉我。◆He received an award for bravery from the police service.他因勇敢行为受到警方的嘉奖。NOTE 辨析 Get or receive?The main difference between these words is register. Receive is rather formal, used especially in written English; get is the more usual word in spoken English. You can get or receive a sudden feeling such as a shock or an impression; but feelings that you experience over a period of time such as enjoyment, pleasure and satisfaction you usually get, not receive. 这两个词的主要区别在于语体风格不同。receive相当正式，尤用于书面语；get更常用于口语。get和receive都可与shock或impression等表示突然的感觉的词搭配；但如果是enjoyment、pleasure和satisfaction等表示持续一段时间的感觉，则通常用get，不用receive。■ accept [transitive] (rather formal) to receive sth as suitable or good enough （认为合适或足够好而）接受◆My article has been accepted for publication.我的文章已获采用准备发表。◆This machine only accepts coins.这台机器只接受硬币。◆Will you accept a cheque?你收支票吗？■ deˈrive sth from sth phrasal verb (formal) to get a good feeling or result from doing sth 从⋯中得到，获得（好的感觉或结果）◆He derived great pleasure from painting.他从绘画中得到极大的乐趣。ⓘ People typically derive amusement, benefit, comfort, enjoyment, fulfilment, inspiration, pleasure or satisfaction from sth. * derive一般与amusement、benefit、comfort、enjoyment、fulfilment、inspiration、pleasure或satisfaction搭配。■ reap [transitive] (especially written) to obtain sth, especially sth good, as a direct result of sth that you have done 取得（成果）；收获◆They are now reaping the fruits of all their hard work.现在，他们正在收获全部辛劳的成果。ⓘ People typically reap dividends, fruits, profits or rewards from their work. When people obtain sth bad as a result of sth bad they have done, you can say that they reap the consequences of their actions. * reap一般与表示工作成果或回报的词搭配，如dividend、fruit、profit或reward。表示做了坏事得到报应可以用reap the consequences。■ collect [transitive] to win or receive a prize, or money in compensation for an injury or damage that you have suffered 收到，赢得，获得（奖项或补偿金）◆We were invited to London to collect our prize.我们受邀到伦敦领奖。◆She collected £25 000 in compensation.她得到了25 000英镑的赔偿金。 get3 verb get tickets/a job/some sleep 弄到票；找到工作；睡会儿觉get a letter/shock 收到信；大吃一惊Go and get help. 去找人帮忙。We got there at 9. 我们9点钟到了那里。get the bus 搭公车 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ take 1 另见take条第1义get ♦︎ pick sb/sth up ♦︎ fetch ♦︎ collectThese words all mean to go to a place where sb/sth is and bring them/it back. 这些词均表示到某地去接人或取东西。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to get / pick up / fetch / collect sb / sth from sth / somewhere◆to get / pick up / fetch / collect sth for sb◆to get / fetch sb sth◆to go / come to get / pick up / fetch / collect sb / sth◆to go / come and get / fetch sth◆to get / fetch help / a doctor■ get (getting, got, got; NAmE spoken getting, got, gotten) [transitive] (rather informal, especially spoken) to go to a place where sb/sth is and bring them/it back 去取来；去带回◆Could you go upstairs and get my wallet for me, please?能请你上楼帮我把钱包拿来吗？◆Somebody get a doctor!谁去叫个医生过来！◆I have to go and get my mother from the airport.我得去机场接我妈妈。◆Get a drink for John.给约翰拿杯饮料来。◆Get John a drink.给约翰拿杯饮料来。■ ˌpick sb/sth ˈup phrasal verb (rather informal, especially spoken) to go to a place where sb is waiting or sth is ready or has been left for you, and bring them/it back or take them/it somewhere 接（人）；取走（某物）◆Call me from the station and I'll come and pick you up.到车站给我打电话，我来接你。◆We can pick our bags up on the way back.我们可以回来时再取包。ⓘ You might be on foot or in a car when you pick sth up but you always pick sb up in a car. * pick sth up可指步行或开车去取东西，但是pick sb up总是指开车去接人。■ fetch [transitive] (BrE, rather informal, especially spoken) to go to a place where sb/sth is and bring them/it back （去）拿来；（去）请来◆He ran to fetch help.他跑去请人帮忙。◆They have to walk over a mile to fetch water.他们得走1英里多路去取水。◆She's gone to fetch the kids from school.她去学校接孩子了。NOTE 辨析 Get or fetch? Get has a wider range of meaning than fetch: you usually fetch people or things that are in a place and just need to be collected; you can get things that need to be prepared or obtained. * get的意思比fetch更广。fetch一般指只需去某处接人或取东西，get可指得到需要准备或设法弄到的东西◆Fetch John a drink. Fetch is not usually used in American English. * fetch通常不用于美式英语。 ■ collect [transitive] (rather formal) to pick sb/sth up 接（人）；取走（某物）◆They usually collect the rubbish / garbage on a Thursday.他们一般星期四收垃圾。◆Your package is ready to be collected.你的包裹可以领取了。◆ (BrE) What time do you have to collect the children from school?你什么时间要到学校接孩子？ⓘ When you are talking about people, collect is used in British English; in American English it is more usual to say pick sb up. When you are talking about rubbish/garbage collect is the usual word for the regular collection of waste from your house by dustmen/garbage men; pick up can also be used for this in American English, but to pick up rubbish/garbage more often means to bend down and pick up a piece of rubbish/garbage from the ground. 表示接人时，英式英语用collect，美式英语多用pick sb up。表示清洁工人定时上门收垃圾时，一般用collect。在美式英语中表达此义亦可用pick up，但是pick up rubbish/garbage更常指弯腰从地上捡起垃圾。▸ collection noun [uncountable] ◆rubbish / garbage collection垃圾收运 raise verb raise ♦︎ collectThese words both mean to ask people to give you money for a particular purpose. 这两个词均表示为特定目的募捐、募集。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to raise / collect money for sth◆to raise / collect money / funds■ raise [transitive] to ask people or organizations to give you money for a particular purpose 募捐；募集◆The main part of my job is to raise funds for the playgroup.我的主要工作是为幼儿游戏班筹集资金。◆We are raising money for charity.我们在进行慈善募捐。ⓘ Typical collocates of raise in this meaning are capital, cash, funds, loan, money and sponsorship. 表达此义时，raise的常见搭配词有capital、cash、funds、loan、money和sponsorship。■ collect [intransitive, transitive] to ask people to give you money for a particular purpose 募捐；募集◆We're collecting for local charities.我们正在为当地慈善机构募捐。◆We collected over £300 for the appeal.我们为这个吁请募集了300多英镑。▸ collection noun [countable] ◆a house-to-house collection for Cancer Relief为资助癌症治疗挨门逐户的募捐NOTE 辨析 Raise or collect?When you raise money, you are likely to do it by organizing events, or by approaching organizations to ask for money; if you collect money, you are more likely to do it by approaching people in the street or by knocking on people's doors with a box for them to put coins in. You might also collect money from friends or colleagues to pay for a present from all of you. Notice that collect does not always need an object. * raise money多是通过举办活动或向机构募捐等方式筹集资金；collect money更多是拿着募捐箱在街头或上门请人捐钱。collect money也可以是朋友或同事为共同买礼物而凑份子钱。注意collect不一定总带宾语◆I'm collecting for Patrick's retirement present.我在收取为帕特里克买退休礼物的份子钱。 |