| 例句 |
brutal adj.
⇨ cruel ⇨ ruthless cruel adjective ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ ruthless 另见ruthless条cruel ♦︎ brutal ♦︎ savage ♦︎ vicious ♦︎ sadistic ♦︎ barbaric ♦︎ inhuman ♦︎ inhumaneThese words all describe people deliberately causing pain and suffering. 这些词均表示人残酷的、冷酷的、暴虐的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆cruel / brutal / savage / vicious / sadistic / barbaric / inhuman / inhumane treatment◆cruel / brutal / savage / vicious / sadistic / barbaric / inhuman acts◆cruel / brutal / sadistic torture◆a cruel / an inhuman / inhumane punishment◆a cruel / brutal / vicious man◆cruel / savage / sadistic / inhuman eyes◆brutal / vicious / barbaric crimes◆brutal / savage / sadistic violence◆a brutal / savage / vicious / barbaric murder◆a brutal / savage / vicious attack / assault◆a brutal / savage killing / beating◆a brutal / vicious / sadistic killer / murderer■ cruel deliberately causing pain and suffering; showing a desire to cause pain and suffering 残酷的；残忍的；残暴的◆He was known to be a cruel dictator.他是一个出了名的残暴独裁者。◆I can't stand people who are cruel to animals.我无法容忍虐待动物的人。◆Her eyes were cruel and hard.她目光冷酷。OPP kind ⇨ kind adj. , humane ⇨ sensitive 1 ▸ cruelly adverb ◆The dog had been cruelly treated.那条狗曾经一直受到虐待。■ brutal / /ˈbruːtl/ / deliberately causing physical pain and suffering 残忍的；残暴的；兽性的◆We did not want to hear the details of the brutal attack.我们不想听那次野蛮攻击的细节。◆He had escaped from a brutal and repressive regime.他从一个残暴专制的政权下逃了出来。 see also brutal ⇨ ruthless ▸ brutally adverb ◆He had been brutally assaulted.他遭到了毒打。NOTE 辨析 Cruel or brutal? Brutal is usually used to talk about murders or attacks, or the people or regimes that carry these out. Cruel is used to talk about physical attacks too, but it is also commonly used to describe acts which cause mental pain and suffering. Cruel can often give the impression that the person carrying out the violence is enjoying the experience; it can be used with words describing how people look. * brutal一般用来形容谋杀或袭击，或施行此类暴行的人或政权。cruel亦用于形容身体袭击，但也常用于描述引起精神痛苦和伤害的行为。cruel常给人的印象是施暴者以此为乐，可与描述人的样子的词搭配◆a cruel mouth / grin / look显得残忍的嘴巴／笑／样子 Cruel can vary in strength: it can mean 'deliberately causing extreme pain' or it can just mean 'rather unkind'; brutal is always much stronger than 'unkind'. * cruel表示的残忍程度可强可弱，可指“故意折磨”，或仅为“心肠很硬”；brutal表示的残忍程度总是比“心肠硬”大很多。 see also unkind ⇨ mean adj. 1 ■ savage / /ˈsævɪdʒ/ / (especially journalism 尤用于新闻) fierce and violent; causing great harm 凶恶的；凶残的；损害严重的◆She had been badly hurt in what police described as 'a savage attack'.她遭受袭击而身受重伤，警方称这是一次“野蛮的袭击”。■ vicious / /ˈvɪʃəs/ / violent and cruel 狂暴的；残酷的；狠毒的◆He was set upon by vicious thugs.他受到凶狠暴徒的袭击。◆She has a vicious temper.她性情暴虐。ⓘ Vicious is often also used, sometimes with attack, to talk about things that people say or write. * vicious亦常形容言辞尖刻严厉，有时与attack连用。 see also vicious ⇨ vicious ■ sadistic / /səˈdɪstɪk/ / getting pleasure, especially sexual pleasure, from hurting other people 施虐的；（尤指）喜欢性施虐的◆He took sadistic pleasure in taunting the boy.嘲讽这个男孩让他有施虐的快感。■ barbaric /bɑːˈbærɪk; NAmE bɑːrˈbærɪk/ cruel and violent, and not as expected from people who are educated and respect each other 残暴的；野蛮的；没有文化的◆It was described as a particularly barbaric act.那被描述成一种特别野蛮的行为。◆The way these animals are killed is barbaric.宰杀这些动物的方式很残忍。■ inhuman (rather formal) completely lacking the qualities of kindness and pity 无同情心的；冷酷无情的◆We regard their treatment of the prisoners as inhuman.我们认为他们对待囚犯不人道。◆The photos showed inhuman and degrading conditions.这些照片展示了不人道和有损尊严的状况。▸ inhumanity noun [uncountable] ◆man's inhumanity to man人类相残 OPP humanity ⇨ sympathy ■ inhumane (rather formal) not caring about the suffering of other people or animals, especially in the way they are treated or punished （对他人或动物的痛苦）无动于衷的；残忍的；不人道的◆They protested about the inhumane treatment of the prisoners.他们抗议对囚犯的非人对待。 OPP humane ⇨ sensitive 1 ruthless adjective ➡ See also the entries for ⇨ cruel and ⇨ stern 另见cruel条和stern条ruthless ♦︎ hard ♦︎ callous ♦︎ unmoved ♦︎ heartless ♦︎ merciless ♦︎ cold-blooded ♦︎ brutalThese words all describe sb who shows no kindness, pity or sympathy for other people. 这些词均表示无情的、冷酷的。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达冷漠的程度| unmoved | ➔ | hard | ➔ | ruthless | | | callous | | cold-blooded | | | heartless | | | | | merciless | | | | | brutal | | |
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a ruthless / hard / callous / heartless man / woman◆a ruthless / merciless / cold-blooded attack◆a ruthless / hard / brutal side◆ruthless / brutal honesty◆a callous / cold-blooded murder◆totally ruthless / callous / unmoved■ ruthless / /ˈruːθləs/ / (usually disapproving) cruel and showing no sympathy; determined to get what you want and not caring if you hurt other people 残酷无情的；不择手段的；冷酷的◆He's a violent, ruthless man who will stop at nothing.他是个冷酷无情的残暴之徒，行事不择手段。◆He has a ruthless determination to succeed.他一心追求成功，不达目的誓不休。◆Like all great survivors, she has a ruthless streak.像所有经历坎坷而坚强挺过来的人一样，她性格中有几分冷酷无情。ⓘ Although being ruthless is generally considered very bad, the word is sometimes used with apparent approval of the determination that sb needs to get what they want. 尽管ruthless一般被视为非常不好，但有时该词用于明显的褒义，谈论人们要达成目标必须要有的坚定决心◆We'll have to be ruthless if we want to make this company more efficient.如果想提高这家公司的工作效率，我们就必须不留情面。 ▸ ruthlessly adverb ◆The regime ruthlessly crushed all opposition.这个政权残酷镇压所有反对者。■ hard (usually disapproving) showing no sympathy or affection 冷酷无情的；硬心肠的；苛刻的◆My father was a hard man.我父亲是个不讲情面的人。◆She gave me a hard stare.她狠狠地看了我一眼。◆He said some very hard things to me.他对我说了些很不近人情的话。OPP soft ⇨ sensitive 1 ■ callous / /ˈkæləs/ / (disapproving) acting as you like without caring about other people's feelings or suffering 冷酷无情的；无同情心的；冷漠的◆The troops showed a callous disregard for life and property.那支部队对生命和财产表现得麻木不仁。■ unmoved [not before noun] not feeling pity or sympathy in reaction to sth, especially in a situation where it would be normal to do so （尤指在应表示同情时）冷漠的，无同情心的，无动于衷的◆Alice seemed totally unmoved by the whole experience.艾丽斯似乎对整个经历都很冷漠。 see also move ⇨ impress ■ heartless (disapproving) showing no pity or sympathy for other people in what you say or do （言辞或行为）无情的，狠心的◆How can you be so heartless!你怎么能这么狠心！◆The decision does seem a little heartless.这个决定的确有点不近人情。■ merciless / /ˈmɜːsɪləs; NAmE ˈmɜːrsɪləs/ (rather formal, especially written) showing no kindness or pity 毫不怜悯的；无情的；残忍的◆He was left reeling after a merciless attack by the opposition.反对者无情的攻击让他晕头转向。◆It brought relief from the merciless summer heat.它可以让人们摆脱夏日的酷热。 OPP merciful ⇨ lenient ■ ˌcold-ˈblooded (disapproving) showing no feelings or pity for other people while doing terrible things 冷酷的；无情的；残酷的◆a cold-blooded killer冷酷无情的杀手◆There was something very cold-blooded about the way he used his father's death.他拿自己父亲去世做文章，实在太冷酷无情了。NOTE 辨析 Which word? Unmoved is the weakest of these words because it describes sb not reacting to sb else's distress or anger, not sb who actively causes sb else's distress. Hard, callous and heartless can describe sb reacting without sympathy to sb's distress, or sb actively doing things that hurt people without caring about the effects on those people. Ruthless and cold-blooded are stronger still: a ruthless person will do anything to get what they want; a cold-blooded person not only feels no sympathy, but feels no emotions at all (such as anger) that might explain their cruel behaviour. * unmoved在这些词中表达的冷漠程度最弱，因为它指的是某人对他人的痛苦或愤怒未作出反应，而非某人做了某事使得别人痛苦。hard、callous和heartless可形容某人对别人痛苦没有同情心，或实际上做伤害他人、不顾及他人感受的事。ruthless和cold-blooded表达的冷漠程度更高：ruthless意味着为达目的会不择手段，cold-blooded意味着不但没有同情心，而且根本就没有感情（比如愤怒），其冷酷行为在情感上无法解释。■ brutal /ˈbruːtl/ / (usually disapproving) direct and clear about sth unpleasant; not thinking of people's feelings 直截了当的；冷酷的◆With brutal honesty she told him she did not love him.她冷酷地直接告诉他，她不爱他。 see also brutal ⇨ cruel ▸ brutally adverb ◆Let me be brutally frank about this.让我把这件事无情地挑明吧。 |