| 例句 |
constant adj.
⇨ frequent (constant attention) ⇨ steady (a constant speed)frequent adjective frequent ♦︎ constant ♦︎ regular ♦︎ persistent ♦︎ perpetual ♦︎ continual ♦︎ continuous ♦︎ habitualThese words all describe things that happen or are done very often. 这些词均表示频繁的、经常发生的。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达频繁的程度| frequent | ➔ | persistent | ➔ | constant | | regular | | | | perpetual | | habitual | | | | continual | | | | | continuous |
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆frequent / constant / regular / persistent / continual / continuous / habitual use◆frequent / constant / regular / persistent / continual / continuous attacks◆frequent / constant / regular / continual / continuous changes◆a frequent / constant / persistent / perpetual / continual / continuous problem◆frequent / constant / perpetual interruptions◆a frequent / constant / regular visitor◆a frequent / constant / perpetual / continual / continuous source of sth◆frequent / constant / regular / persistent reports / complaints■ frequent happening often; doing sth often 频繁的；经常发生的；经常做某事的◆There is a frequent bus service into town.开往市区的公共汽车班次频密。◆Power failures are frequent occurrences in the city.这个城市经常停电。◆His calls became less frequent.他打电话的次数减少了。◆The case was reviewed at frequent intervals.此案经过了频繁的复查。◆He was a frequent guest at the palace.他是王宫的常客。OPP infrequent ⇨ rare , occasional ⇨ occasional see also frequently ⇨ often ■ constant / /ˈkɒnstənt; NAmE ˈkɑːnstənt/ [usually before noun] happening or doing sth all the time or very often 连续发生的；不断的；经常做某事的◆He is very ill and needs constant attention.他病得很重，需要寸刻不离的照顾。◆Her constant chatter was beginning to annoy him.她无休止的唠叨开始使他心烦。◆Her daughter is a constant source of worry to her.她的女儿总是让她忧心。▸ constantly adverb ◆How can I finish if I am constantly interrupted?老是有人打扰我，让我怎么完成？■ regular done or happening often; doing sth often 频繁的；经常发生的；经常做某事的◆In the 1950s he made regular appearances on Broadway.在20世纪50年代，他经常出现在百老汇舞台上。◆Eat a healthy diet and take regular exercise.健康饮食，经常锻炼。◆He became a regular visitor to Hamilton Road.他开始经常去汉密尔顿路。OPP irregular ⇨ variable , occasional ⇨ occasional see also regular ⇨ steady ▸ regularly /ˈregjələli; NAmE ˈregjələrli/ adverb ◆She regularly wins prizes for her designs.她的设计经常得奖。NOTE 辨析 Frequent or regular? Frequent is the more common of these words in this meaning; however, regular is used more often in more active examples, when you are talking about people doing things, rather than things that happen. 表达此义较常用frequent。不过，regular更常用于比较主动、积极的情况，指人们经常主动做的事，而非经常发生的事◆Take frequent exercise. Regular also means 'happening at fixed intervals' and sometimes it may not be clear which meaning is intended: a regular bus service may mean frequent buses and/or buses at the same time every day or hour. * regular亦可表示有规律的、定时的，有时究竟指哪个意思并不清楚。a regular bus service既可指频繁往来的公共汽车，又可指定时发车的公共汽车。 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ regular 另见regular条 ■ persistent /pəˈsɪstənt; NAmE pərˈsɪstənt/ repeated often, in a way that is annoying and cannot be stopped 无休止的；反复出现的；没完没了的◆The most common symptom is a persistent cough.最常见的症状是持续不断的咳嗽。◆He resigned over persistent rumours of his part in the scandal.一直有传言称他卷入了那桩丑闻，他因而辞职。▸ persistently adverb ◆a prison for juveniles who persistently reoffend关押少年惯犯的监狱■ perpetual /pəˈpetʃuəl; NAmE pərˈpetʃuəl/ [usually before noun] (especially written) repeated very often, in a way that is annoying 一再出现的；无尽无休的；没完没了的◆The perpetual interruptions made conversation difficult.不断的打扰让谈话难以继续下去。◆Lack of time is a perpetual problem for nurses on the ward.对在病房工作的护士来说，时间不够是个长期问题。▸ perpetually adverb ◆He had a miserable face and long red nose, which he was perpetually wiping.■ continual [only before noun] repeated very often, especially in a way that is annoying （尤指令人厌烦地）一再出现的，频繁的◆There were continual arguments because he felt he was being treated unfairly.他觉得自己受到了不公正的对待，就没完没了地跟人争吵。◆He seemed to need continual reassurance.他似乎需要得到不断的宽慰。▸ continually adverb ◆People were continually tripping over the cable.总有人被那条电缆绊倒。■ continuous continual （尤指令人厌烦地）一再出现的，频繁的◆The soldiers suffered continuous attacks for four days.那些士兵连续四天遭到了攻击。◆The company said the reasons for closure were poor margins and continuous losses.该公司称倒闭的原因是利润微薄和持续亏损。NOTE 辨析 Persistent, perpetual, continual or continuous?In some cases you can use any of these words. 在有些情况下这四个词可以通用◆a persistent / perpetual / continual / continuous problem反复出现的问题 Persistent is used more in factual writing and reporting, to talk about medical problems or problems in society. Perpetual is used more in personal and imaginative writing and to talk about annoying personal habits or problems. Continual and continuous are generally less frequent in this meaning, but are often preferred in spoken English and less formal contexts. All these words also have the meaning 'continuing for a long time without stopping'; continuous is more frequent in that meaning, and some people think it should not be used to mean 'repeated many times', but in fact it often is. * persistent多用于陈述事实，描述病症或社会问题。perpetual多用于个人化和虚构的文字，指个人习惯或问题令人厌烦的。continual和continuous一般较少用于此义，但经常用于口语和不太正式的语境中。所有这些词亦另含“接连不断的、连续的”之义，continuous较常用于此义。有些人认为continuous不应表示“多次重复的、频繁的”之义，但事实上这个词常常这样用。 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ continuous 另见continuous条 ■ habitual /həˈbɪtʃuəl/ / (of an action) done often, especially in a way that is annoying or difficult to stop （行为）没完没了的，养成恶习的，上瘾的◆The mechanic had been dismissed for habitual lateness.这名技工因老是迟到已被解雇。 see also habit ⇨ habit , habitually ⇨ often steady adjective steady ♦︎ stable ♦︎ regular ♦︎ constant ♦︎ consistent ♦︎ static ♦︎ even ♦︎ unchangingThese words all describe things that follow a pattern and do not change. 这些词均表示规则的、稳定的、不变的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a steady / a stable / a constant / an even temperature◆a steady / constant / consistent trend / rate◆a steady / constant speed / stream / trickle◆a steady / a constant / an even flow◆a consistent / an unchanging pattern◆steady / stable / regular employment◆a steady / regular / constant supply◆steady / regular / even breathing◆a steady / stable / regular relationship◆to remain steady / stable / constant / consistent / static / even / unchanging◆more or less steady / stable / constant / consistent / static / even◆fairly steady / stable / constant / consistent / static / even◆very steady / stable / consistent / static / even■ steady developing, growing or changing gradually and in an even and regular way; not changing and not interrupted （发展、增长或变化）稳步的，匀速的；稳定的；恒定的◆We are making slow but steady progress.我们虽然缓慢但是在稳步前进。◆The castle receives a steady stream of visitors.来城堡参观的游客流量保持稳定。◆She drove at a steady 50 mph.她以每小时50英里的平稳速度开着车。◆She's got a steady boyfriend (= with whom she has a serious relationship or one that has lasted a long time).她有一个关系稳定的男朋友。 see also steady ⇨ firm ▸ steadily adverb ◆The company's exports have been increasing steadily.公司的出口量一直在稳步增长。◆The situation got steadily worse.局势逐渐恶化。■ stable (usually approving) not likely to change or fail 稳定的；稳固的◆He was not married, but he was in a stable relationship.他没有结婚，但是有关系稳定的女朋友。◆The industry should do everything it can to keep prices stable.该产业应尽一切努力保持价格稳定。◆The patient's condition is stable (= it is not getting worse).患者病情稳定。ⓘ In this meaning stable is used especially to talk about people's personal and home life * stable表达此义时尤用于修饰个人及家庭生活◆a stable mind / relationship / family / home稳定的心态／关系／家庭／住所the economic, political or social situation 也可修饰经济、政治或社会形势◆a stable situation / environment / government / population稳定的形势／环境／政府／人口◆stable employment稳定的工作or the condition of a patient who has been very ill, but who is not getting worse. 或者指危重病人病情稳定，没有恶化。 OPP unstable ⇨ uncertain see also stable ⇨ firm ■ regular following a pattern, especially with the same time and space between each thing and the next; (of a job, supply of sth or relationship) that continues for a long time, stays the same and can be relied on 规则的；有规律的；（工作、供应或关系）持久的，稳定的◆a regular pulse / heartbeat规律的脉搏／心跳◆There is a regular bus service to the airport.有公共汽车定时开往机场。◆A light flashed at regular intervals.有一盏灯有规律地闪着光。◆The equipment is checked on a regular basis.该设备定期进行检查。◆She couldn't find any regular employment.她找不到固定工作。◆This breed of dog benefits from a regular supply of green vegetables in its diet.这个品种的狗在饮食中配有定量的绿叶蔬菜会更健康。OPP irregular ⇨ variable see also regular ⇨ frequent NOTE 辨析 Steady or regular?Both steady and regular can be used to talk about a job, work, employment, an income, the supply of sth or a relationship that continues for a long time and that you can rely on. There is often no difference in meaning, but a regular job is sometimes used in contrast to another job that is not regular. * steady和regular都可描述job、work、employment、income、supply，也可描述relationship，表示关系是长期可靠的。两词在含义上常常没有区别，但regular job有时用于和另一份不稳定工作相对照◆I decided to give up the freelance work and concentrate on my regular job.我决定放弃自由职业的工作，专注于我的固定工作上。 Steady is not used in this way. * steady则不这样用。 ■ constant (rather formal or technical 术语) not changing at all in level or speed over a period of time （水平或速度）不变的，固定的，恒定的◆The samples need to be stored at a constant temperature.这些样本需要在恒温下保存。ⓘ Typical collocates of constant are flow, rate, rhythm, speed, state, improvement and temperature. * constant的常见搭配词有flow、rate、rhythm、speed、state、improvement和temperature。■ consistent / /kənˈsɪstənt/ / (rather formal) happening in the same way and continuing for a period of time 连续的；持续的◆There has been a pattern of consistent growth in the economy.经济呈持续增长态势。ⓘ Typical collocates of consistent are evidence, findings, results, quality, standards, growth, performance, success and failure. * consistent的常见搭配词有evidence、findings、results、quality、standards、growth、performance、success和failure。 OPP inconsistent ⇨ variable ▸ consistently adverb ◆Her work has been of a consistently high standard.她的工作一直是高水准的。■ static / /ˈstætɪk/ / (sometimes disapproving, especially business 尤用于商业) not moving, changing or developing 静止的；静态的；停滞的◆Sales were up 5% on last year, but pre-tax profits remained static.销售量比去年增加5%，但税前利润没有变化。ⓘ Unlike the other words in this group, static is often used when a lack of change is seen as a bad thing rather than a good thing, especially in business contexts. The opposite, dynamic, is an approving term. 与本组中的其他词不同，static常意味着缺乏变化是坏事而非好事，特别是在商业语境中。其反义词dynamic是个褒义词。 OPP dynamic ⇨ variable ■ even not changing very much in level or speed over a period of time （水平或速度）变化不大的，均匀的，平稳的◆Children do not learn at an even pace.孩子学东西的速度有快有慢。OPP uneven ⇨ variable ■ unchanging (written) that does not change, especially in terms of sth's basic pattern or principles （尤指基本模式或原则）永恒的，不变的◆The days went by, unchanging.时间一天天过去了，一切照旧。◆The party stood for certain unchanging principles.该党主张某些不变的原则。 |