qualify verb ⇨adjust (qualify what you said)⇨allow (qualify for a pension)⇨equip2 (qualify sb for a job)⇨graduate (qualify as a doctor)
adjust
verb
➡ See also the entry for ⇨ changeverb1另见change动词词条第1义adjust ♦︎ modify ♦︎ amend ♦︎ revise ♦︎ qualifyThese words all mean to change sth, often slightly, in order to make it better suited to a situation.这些词均表示对事物作出调整。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to adjust / modify / revise your ideas◆to modify / amend / revise a text / constitution◆to modify / amend / qualify a statement◆to adjust / modify / amend / revise sth slightly◆to modify / amend / revise / qualify sth heavily◆to adjust / modify / revise sth constantly■adjust [transitive] to change sth slightly to make it more suitable for a new set of conditions or to make it work better调节；调适◆This button is for adjusting the volume.这个按钮是调节音量的。◆Adjust your language to the age of your audience.要根据观众的年龄使用相应的语言。◆The brakes need to be adjusted.刹车需要调一调。 see also adjustment ⇨ changenoun2, adjustable ⇨ flexible1■modify / /ˈmɒdɪfaɪ; NAmEˈmɑːdɪfaɪ/ [transitive] (ratherformal) to change sth slightly, especially in order to make it more suitable for a particular purpose调整；稍作修改；使更适合◆Patients are taught how to modify their diet.病人获得有关如何调节自己饮食的指导。◆We found it cheaper to modify existing equipment rather than buy new.我们发现对现有设备作些调整比买新设备省钱。 see also adapt ⇨ changeverb1, modification ⇨ changenoun2NOTE辨析 Adjust or modify?Adjust is used especially to talk about changing the setting on a piece of equipment. * adjust尤指改变设备的设定◆to adjust the setting / dial / volume / speed / angle / level / tension / clock / sails / straps调节设定／仪表盘／音量／速度／角度／水平／张力／时钟／船帆／带子It is often a continuous process, in response to changing conditions.这种调节常常是持续的，以适应不断变化的状况◆to adjust sth continually / constantly / accordingly持续地／不断地／相应地调节Modify is used especially to talk about making a more permanent change to a piece of equipment in order to make it perform a new function. You can also either adjust or modify your behaviour or language according to the situation you find yourself in. * modify尤指对设备作永久性改变，目的是使之发挥新功能。adjust和modify还可与behaviour或language搭配，表示根据实际情况调整自己的行为或语言。■amend /əˈmend/ / [transitive] (ratherformal) to change a law, document or statement slightly in order to correct a mistake or to improve it修订，修正（法律、文件或声明）◆He asked to see the amended version.他要求看修订本。◆The law has been amended to read as follows:...此项法律修订后的文本如下：⋯ see also amendment ⇨ changenoun2■revise [transitive] to change your opinions or plans, for example because of sth you have learned（因有了新的认识而）改变，修改（意见或计划）◆I can see I will have to revise my opinions of his abilities now.我明白我现在不得不改变对他能力的看法了。◆The government may need to revise its policy in the light of this report.政府可能需要根据这份报告改变其政策。ⓘ You can revise your opinion, ideas or a decision, as well as plans or arrangements. An official body may revise the constitution, a policy, a law or guidelines. In business a person may need to revise a draft, an estimate, figures or a proposal.与revise搭配的词有opinion、idea、decision、plan和arrangement等。主语是官方机构时，与之搭配的词可能是constitution、policy、law或guideline。在商务语境中，与之搭配的词可能是draft、estimate、figure或proposal。 see also revise ⇨ revise, revision ⇨ changenoun2■qualify [transitive] (ratherformal) to add sth to a previous statement to make the meaning less strong or less general修正（说过的话，使语气减弱或更具体）◆I want to qualify what I said earlier－I didn't mean he couldn't do the job, only that he would need supervision.我想具体说明一下我先前说的话－我不是说他不能做这个工作，只是说他需要指导。 see also qualification ⇨ condition
allow
verb
allow ♦︎ let ♦︎ grant ♦︎ permit ♦︎ entitle ♦︎ authorize ♦︎ license ♦︎ qualify ♦︎ OK ♦︎ sanction ♦︎ empower ♦︎ clearThese words all mean to decide or say that sb may do sth or receive sth, or that sth may happen.这些词均表示允许、准许、批准。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to allow / permit / entitle / authorize / license / empower / clear sb to do sth◆to let sb do sth◆to allow / let / permit yourself sth / (to) do sth◆to allow / be entitled to / authorize / sanction payment◆to be legally allowed / permitted / entitled / authorized / sanctioned / empowered◆to be officially allowed / permitted / entitled / authorized / sanctioned◆to be (not) normally allowed / granted / permitted / entitled◆to automatically grant sth / entitle sb to sth / qualify sb for sth■allow [transitive] to decide or say that sb may do or have sth, or that sth may happen or be done允许；准许◆His parents won't allow him to stay out late.他的父母不允许他在外面待到很晚。◆He is not allowed to stay out late.他不可以在外面待到很晚。◆Smoking is not allowed in here.这里不准吸烟。◆No dogs allowed(= you cannot bring them in).禁止携狗入内。◆The prisoners are allowed out of their cells for two hours a day.囚犯每天可以放风两个小时。◆You're allowed half an hour to complete the test.你有半个小时完成这个测试。◆I sometimes allow myself the luxury of a cigar.我偶尔让自己奢侈一下，吸支雪茄。◆He allowed his mind to wander.他任思绪畅游。OPPforbid ⇨ banverb■let(letting, let, let) [transitive] to allow sb to do sth or allow sth to happen without trying to stop it允许；让◆They never let the children play outside.他们从不让孩子到外边玩耍。◆I wanted to drive but she wouldn't let me.我想开车，但她不让。◆Don't let it upset you.别让那件事搅得你心烦。◆Let me help you with your luggage.让我帮你提行李吧。ⓘ When it means 'allow' let is not used in the passive.表示允许之义时，let不用于被动语态◆The children are never let play outside.However, let can also mean 'to open a door so that sb can go in or out' and in this meaning it can be active or passive.但是let还有“开门准许进出”之义，这时，主动语态和被动语态都可以使用◆I'll give you a key so you can let yourself in.我给你一把钥匙，你可以自行进入。◆The cat wants to be let out.这只猫想要出去。Note the difference between let sb out(= open the door for them)and allow sb out(= give them permission to go out).注意区分let sb out（打开门让某人出去）和allow sb out（准许某人出去）。■grant [transitive, often passive] (ratherformal) to agree to give sb what they ask for, especially formal or legal permission to do sth（尤指正式地或法律上）同意，准予◆Planning permission for the development was granted last week.上周下发了开发规划许可。◆The government granted an amnesty to all political prisoners.政府赦免了所有政治犯。◆She was granted a divorce.她获准离婚。◆Her wish was granted.她得偿所愿了。 see also award ⇨ give1■permit / /pəˈmɪt; NAmEpərˈmɪt/ (-tt-) [transitive] (formal) to allow sb to do sth; to allow sth to happen允许；准许◆The banks were not permitted to invest overseas.这些银行不许投资海外。◆The rules of the club do not permit it.俱乐部规定不可以这样做。◆Radios are not permitted in the library.图书馆内不许使用收音机。◆Permit me to make a suggestion.容我提个建议吧。OPPban,forbid,prohibit ⇨ banverb see also permission ⇨ permission, permit ⇨ licencenoun■entitle /ɪnˈtaɪtl/ / [transitive, often passive] to give sb the right to have or do sth使享有权利；使符合资格◆Passengers will be entitled to a full refund of the cost of the ticket.乘客购票款可全额退还。◆Of course, he's entitled to his opinion but I think he's wrong.当然，他有权发表他的看法，但是我认为他错了。 see also entitlement ⇨ rightnoun■authorize (BrE alsoauthorise) / /ˈɔːθəraɪz/ / [transitive] to give official permission for sth, or for sb to do sth批准；授权◆I can authorize payments up to £5 000.我有权批准的付款限额是5 000英镑。◆I have authorized him to act for me while I am away.我已授权他在我外出时做我的全权代表。OPPprohibit ⇨ banverb see also authorization ⇨ permission, authorization ⇨ licencenoun■license (BrE also, less frequentlicence) / /ˈlaɪsns/ / [transitive] to give sb official permission to do, own or use sth; to give official permission for sth to be done批准；许可◆The drug is not licensed for long-term use.这种药不得长期服用。◆The hotel is licensed to sell alcohol.这家旅馆有售酒许可。◆The company plans to license the technology to others.公司计划将这项技术转让他人。 see also licence ⇨ licencenoun■qualify [intransitive, transitive] to have the right to do or receive sth; to give sb this right有权；使有权◆You have to be over 60 to qualify.你得60岁以上才有资格。◆She didn't qualify for a full pension.她没有权利享受全额养老金。◆Membership of the scheme qualifies you for the discount.作为这个计划的成员，你有权享受打折优惠。■OK ( okay) [transitive] (informal) to officially agree to sth or allow it to happen正式批准；同意◆The chairman OK'd the request.主席答应了那个请求。◆The property has to be valued before a mortgage loan is OK'd.要取得按揭贷款得先对房产进行估价。■sanction / /ˈsæŋkʃn/ / [transitive] (formal) to give permission for sth to happen许可；准许◆The military refused to sanction a transfer of power to a civilian government.军方拒绝将权力移交给文官政府。■empower / /ɪmˈpaʊə(r)/ / [transitive, often passive] (formal) to give sb the power or authority to do sth赋予权力；授权◆The courts were empowered to impose the death sentence for certain crimes.法院有权对某些罪行的犯人判处死刑。■clear [transitive] to give or get official approval for sth to be done; to give official permission for a person, ship, plane or goods to leave or enter a place, or for a person to be given special work or see special papers准许；批准（人、船、飞机或货物）进入（或离开）；批准（做机密工作或阅读机密文件）◆I'll have to clear it with the manager before I can refund your money.我要得到经理批准后才能给你退款。◆The plane had been cleared for take-off.飞机已得到起飞许可。◆She hasn't been cleared by security.她尚未得到安保部门的批准做机要工作。 see also clearance ⇨ permission
equip2
verb
equip yourself with a map为自己备一张地图equip students for a career in nursing使学生胜任护理工作equip ♦︎ fit ♦︎ qualifyThese words all mean to make sb/sth suitable for a particular job or role.这些词均表示使适合、使胜任。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to equip / fit / qualify sb for sth◆to be equipped / fitted / qualified to do sth◆to be well / perfectly equipped / fitted / qualified for sth◆to be suitably equipped / qualified for sth■equip(-pp-) [transitive] (ratherformal, especially business尤用于商业) to prepare sb for an activity or task, especially by teaching them what they need to know（教导以）使有准备，使有能力◆The programme is designed to equip students for a career in nursing.此课程旨在使学生能够胜任护理工作。◆Here he received the education that would equip him to take his place in society.他在这儿所受的教育能让他在社会中自立。ⓘ Skills, professional training and education are typical things that equip people for sth or to do sth. * skills、professional training和education是常见的equip的行为主语，表示使人有能力做某事。■fit(-tt-) [transitive, often passive] (BrE) to make sb/sth suitable for a particular job, role or purpose使适合，使胜任（某工作、角色或目标）◆His experience fitted him perfectly for the job.他的经验使他完全能胜任这项工作。◆She was well fitted to the role of tragic heroine.她非常适合演这一悲情女主角。◆Natural selection will see to it that animals are well fitted to survive in their environment.自然选择将确保动物适应自身的生存环境。ⓘ Things which typically fit sb for a particular job are expertise, personality, background, experience, skills, life, education, manners and appearance. In the context of jobs, American English would use equip; sb might be suited to a particular role; animals might be well adapted to survive in an environment. These words can all be used in British English as well. * expertise、personality、background、experience、skills、life、education、manners和appearance是常见的fit的行为主语，表示使人适合做某工作。在工作语境中，美式英语用equip；表示某人适合某角色用be suited to；动物适应某种生存环境用be well adapted to survive。这些说法也都适用英式英语。■qualify [transitive] (ratherformal) to provide sb with the skills and knowledge they need to do sth使合格；使具有资格◆The training should qualify you for a better job.本培训课程应能使你胜任更好的工作。◆The test qualifies you to drive heavy vehicles.通过这一考试就有资格驾驶重型车辆。◆Are you qualified to administer drugs?你有施用药物的资格吗？ⓘ Qualify is usually used to talk about the result of a particular course, programme or course of training, or a test or examination. Students usually receive a certificate to show that they are qualified to do a particular job. * qualify的主语通常是course、programme、training，或test、examination，指通过课程、培训、考试等使某人具备资格，完成或通过后通常获得资格证书以兹证明。
graduate
verb
graduate ♦︎ pass ♦︎ qualify ♦︎ get through (sth) ♦︎ sail through (sth)These words all mean to successfully complete a course of study or to be successful in an exam or test.这些词均表示完成课程、顺利通过考试或测试。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to graduate / qualify as sth◆to graduate / pass with sth◆to pass / get through / sail through a / an course / exam / test◆students graduate / pass / qualify / sail through■graduate / /ˈgrædʒueɪt/ / [intransitive] to get a degree, especially your first degree, from a university or college; (in the US) to complete a course in education, especially at high school获得学位（尤指学士学位）；大学毕业；（在美国尤指高中）毕业◆Only thirty students graduated in Chinese last year.去年只有三十名学生获得汉语学士学位。◆She taught in France after graduating.她毕业后在法国教书。◆Martha graduated from high school two years ago.玛莎两年前高中毕业。ⓘ In American English the 'from' can be left out.在美式英语中，graduate后的from可以省略◆ (NAmE) Martha graduated high school two years ago.玛莎两年前高中毕业。▸graduate / /ˈgrædʒuət/ /
noun
[countable] ◆a science graduate理学士◆high school graduates高中毕业生■pass [intransitive, transitive] to achieve the required standard in an exam or test通过（考试）；及格；合格◆I'm not really expecting to pass first time.我真没指望第一次就能合格。◆I passed my driving test.我通过了驾照考试。OPPfail,flunk ⇨ fail3▸pass
noun
[countable] (especially BrE) ◆She got a pass in French.她法语考试及格了。◆12 passes and 3 fails12门及格，3门不及格■qualify [intransitive] (especially BrE) to reach the standard of ability or knowledge needed to do a particular job, for example by completing a course of study or passing exams获得资格（或学历）；合格◆How long does it take to qualify?需要多长时间才能取得资格？◆She qualified as a doctor last year.她去年获得了医生资格。▸qualification
noun
[uncountable, countable, usually plural] ◆Nurses in training should be given a guarantee of employment following qualification.受训护士取得资格后应有工作保障。 (BrE) ◆He left school with no formal qualifications.他退学了，没有获得正式学历。■ˌget ˈthrough sth■ˌget ˈthrough
phrasal verb
(getting, got, got; NAmEspokengetting, got, gotten) (BrE, ratherinformal) to be successful in an exam or test especially when this is difficult顺利通过（尤指困难的考试或测试）◆I got through the final exam by avoiding questions that required factual knowledge.我绕开客观知识问题，从而通过了最后的考试。■ˌsailˈ through sth■ˌsail ˈthrough
phrasal verb
(ratherinformal) to pass an exam or test or successfully complete a course of study without any difficulty轻易通过（考试或测试）；轻松完成（课程）◆She's very bright and sailed through college.她非常聪明，轻松通过了大学的课程。