reversal noun ⇨exchange (a role reversal)⇨revolution2 (a reversal of fortunes)
exchange
noun
exchange ♦︎ replacement ♦︎ substitution ♦︎ swap ♦︎ barter ♦︎ reversalThese are all words for the act of giving sth to sb or doing sth for sb and receiving sth in return.这些词均表示交换、互换。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆an exchange / a swap / a reversal between A and B◆a direct exchange / replacement / substitution◆a straight exchange / swap◆a complete / total replacement / reversal◆to result in an exchange / the replacement / the substitution of sth■exchange [countable, uncountable] an act of giving sth to sb or doing sth for sb and receiving sth in return; the process of changing an amount of one currency(= the money used in one country)for an equal value of another交换；互换；兑换◆There was a brief exchange of glances.匆匆地互递了个眼色。◆Woollen cloth and timber were sent to Egypt in exchange for linen.毛料和木材被运往埃及去换亚麻布。◆I'll type your report if you'll babysit in exchange.如果你代我看孩子，我就帮你打报告。◆I get you out of the country and you keep your mouth shut. Is that a fair exchange?我帮你离开这个国家，你替我守住这个秘密，这算是公平交易吧？◆We have currency exchange facilities.我们有货币兑换服务。◆Where can I find the best exchange rate / rate of exchange?哪里有最好的兑换价？ see also exchange ⇨ replace2■replacement [uncountable] the act of replacing one thing with another, especially sth that is newer or better（尤指用新的或更好的物品）替换，更换◆Complete replacement of the roof tiles would be very expensive.全部更换天花板会很贵。◆The original furnishings are now in need of replacement.原来的家具陈设如今都需要更换。 see also replace ⇨ replace2, replacement ⇨ replacement■substitution /ˌsʌbstɪˈtjuːʃn; NAmEˌsʌbstɪˈtuːʃn/ [uncountable, countable] (ratherformal) the act of using sb/sth instead of sb/sth else代替；取代◆the substitution of low-fat spreads for butter用低脂的面包抹酱代替黄油◆Two substitutions were made during the game(= two players were taken off and two others sent on in their place).比赛中换了两次人。 see also substitute ⇨ replacement, substitute for sb/sth ⇨ replace1, substitute ⇨ replace2■swap ( swop) /swɒp; NAmEswɑːp/ [countable, usually singular] (especially BrE, ratherinformal, spokenorjournalism新闻) an act of exchanging one thing or person for another交换；换掉◆Let's do a swap. You work Friday night and I'll do Saturday.咱俩调个班吧。你星期五晚间上，我星期六上。◆Why not arrange a job swap with someone in another city or state?何不试着跟别的城市或别的州的人掉换工作？ⓘ Swap is often used by journalists as a short and rather informal way of saying exchange. However, it is not used in the wide variety of ways that exchange is used. You can do/make a swap, or be involved in a job/spy swap. * swap常为新闻记者使用，用作exchange简短而非正式的表达，但是用法不如exchange多。do/make a swap指进行掉换，job/spy swap指工作掉换或间谍交换。 see also swap ⇨ replace2, swap ⇨ switchverb■barter [uncountable] the act of exchanging goods or services for other goods, etc. without using money以物易物；劳务交换◆The islanders use a system of barter instead of money.岛上的居民买东西不用钱，而是以物易物。 see also barter ⇨ replace2■reversal [countable, uncountable] an exchange of positions or functions between two or more people（人员位置或功能的）互换，交换◆It's a complete role reversal / reversal of roles(= for example when a husband cares for the house and children while the wife works).这是一种彻底的角色互换。ⓘ In this meaning, reversal is almost always used in the phrases role reversal or reversal of roles.表达此义时，reversal几乎总是用于短语role reversal或reversal of roles。 see also reverse ⇨ replace2
revolution2
noun
the French Revolution法国大革命a technological revolution一场技术大变革revolution ♦︎ reversal ♦︎ turnaround ♦︎ U-turn ♦︎ a change of heart ♦︎ sea changeThese are all words for a complete change of conditions, opinion, plan or behaviour.这些词均表示彻底转变。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a revolution / reversal / turnaround / U-turn / sea change in sth◆a U-turn / a change of heart on / over sth◆a complete reversal / turnaround / U-turn / change of heart◆an apparent reversal / change of heart◆a dramatic reversal / turnaround / U-turn◆to undergo a revolution / change of heart / sea change◆to represent a revolution / reversal / turnaround / change of heart◆to bring about a revolution / reversal / change of heart■revolution [countable] a great change in conditions, ways of working or beliefs that affects large numbers of people巨变；大变革◆a cultural / social / scientific revolution文化的／社会的／科学的重大变革◆A revolution in information technology is taking place.信息技术正在发生巨变。ⓘ The Industrial Revolution was the period in the 18th and 19th centuries in Europe and the US when machines began to be used to do work, and industry grew rapidly. * the Industrial Revolution指工业革命，发生于18和19世纪的欧洲和美国，那时开始用机器生产，工业迅速发展。■reversal [countable] (ratherformal) a change of sth so that it is the opposite of what it was颠倒；彻底转变；逆转◆The new figures suggest a reversal of the trend.最新数字表明有逆转趋势。◆The government suffered a total reversal of fortunes last week.上个星期，政府的运气一下子倒过来了。 see also reverse ⇨ reverse■turnaround /ˈtɜːnəraʊnd; NAmEˈtɜːrnəraʊnd/ (BrE alsoturnround) [countable, usually singular] a situation in which sth changes from bad to good好转；起色；转机◆Is this the beginning of a turnaround in the economy?这是经济复苏的开始吗？■ˈU-turn [countable] (informal, especially journalism尤用于新闻) a complete change in policy or behaviour, usually one that is embarrassing（政策或行为上常令人尴尬的）彻底转变，180度大转变◆The government may be forced into an embarrassing U-turn on education policy.政府可能会被迫对教育政策作出尴尬的彻底转变。ⓘ U-turn is used especially to talk about changes in policy by governments or politicians. * U-turn尤指政府或政治人物的政策变化。 see also do a U-turn ⇨ breakverb4■a ˌchange of ˈheart
idiom
if you have a change of heart, your attitude towards sth changes, usually making you feel more friendly, helpful, etc.改变态度，改变看法（通常指变得更友好、有益等）◆Dan did not want to get married but recently he's had a change of heart.丹原本不想结婚，但最近他改变了主意。■ˈsea change [singular] (written) a strong and noticeable change in a situation, especially in people's attitudes to sth（尤指民众态度的）大转变，巨变◆It was one of those momentous events that cause a sea change in public attitudes.这是那些导致公众态度大转变的重大事件之一。