| 例句 |
rich adj.
⇨ rich (rich people/countries) ⇨ dark 2 (a rich red colour) ⇨ deep 2 (a rich singing voice) ⇨ productive (rich farming land)rich adjective rich ♦︎ wealthy ♦︎ prosperous ♦︎ affluent ♦︎ well off ♦︎ privileged ♦︎ comfortable ♦︎ loadedThese words all describe sb/sth that has a lot of money, property or valuable possessions. 这些词均表示富有的、富裕的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a rich / a wealthy / a prosperous / an affluent / a well-off / a privileged family◆a rich / wealthy / prosperous / well-off man / woman◆a rich / a wealthy / a prosperous / an affluent country / city / suburb◆very rich / wealthy / prosperous / affluent / well off / comfortable◆quite / fairly / reasonably / relatively rich / wealthy / prosperous / affluent / well off / comfortable◆newly rich / wealthy / prosperous / affluent■ rich (of a person) having a lot of money, property or valuable possessions; (of a country or city) producing a lot of wealth so that many of its people can live at a high standard （人）富有的，富裕的；（国家或城市）富庶的，富饶的◆She's one of the richest women in the world.她是世界上最富有的女人之一。◆ (slang) He's stinking / filthy (= extremely) rich.他富得流油。◆Rich countries can afford to spend more on the environment.富裕国家可以负担在环境方面的更大投入。OPP poor ⇨ poor 1 see also riches ⇨ money 3 ▸ the rich noun [plural] ◆It's a favourite resort for the rich and famous (= people who are rich and famous).这是富豪名流最喜欢的度假胜地。■ wealthy rich 富有的；富裕的；富庶的；富饶的◆She comes from a very wealthy family.她家里很有钱。◆They live in a wealthy suburb of Chicago.他们住在芝加哥郊区的富人区。OPP poor , needy ⇨ poor 1 see also wealth ⇨ money 3 ▸ the wealthy noun [plural] ◆He promised tax cuts for the wealthy (= people who are wealthy).他答应对富人减税。NOTE 辨析 Rich or wealthy?There is no real difference in meaning between these two words. Both are very frequent, but rich is more frequent and can be used in some fixed phrases where wealthy cannot. 这两个词在含义上没有实质差别，二者均常用，但rich更常用一些，且可用于一些不能用wealthy的固定短语◆He's stinking/filthy wealthy. ◆It's a favourite resort for the wealthy and famous. ■ prosperous / /ˈprɒspərəs; NAmE ˈprɑːspərəs/ (rather formal) rich and successful 繁荣的；成功的；兴旺的◆These countries became prosperous through trade, not aid.这些国家是通过贸易而非援助繁荣起来的。◆The 1960s were prosperous years for the company.20世纪60年代是公司的兴旺时期。OPP impoverished ⇨ poor 1 see also prosper ⇨ do well , prosperity ⇨ money 3 ■ affluent /ˈæfluənt/ / (rather formal) rich and with a good standard of living 富裕的；生活水平高的◆The affluent Western countries are better equipped to face the problems of global warming.富裕的西方国家更有能力应对全球变暖问题。OPP poor , impoverished ⇨ poor 1 see also affluence ⇨ money 3 NOTE 辨析 Prosperous or affluent?Both prosperous and affluent are used to talk about people and places. Prosperous is used much more than affluent to talk about times and periods. Affluent is often used to contrast rich people or societies with poor ones, in a way that suggests that it is not always a good thing. Being prosperous is nearly always seen as a good thing. * prosperous和affluent均可修饰人和地方。修饰时期和阶段时，prosperous比affluent常用得多。affluent常用于将富人或富裕社会与穷人或贫穷社会相对比，意味着贫富对立未必是好事。prosperous几乎总被认为是好事◆It's good to see you looking so prosperous.看到你这么成功真好。◆It's good to see you looking so affluent. ■ ˌwell ˈoff (often used in negative sentences 常用于否定句) rich 富裕的；富庶的◆His parents are not very well off.他的父母不是很富有。◆The less well-off families are finding it hard to survive on what they get.那些不那么富裕的家庭发现很难依靠所得生活。 OPP hard up ⇨ poor 1 ■ privileged / /ˈprɪvəlɪdʒd/ / (sometimes disapproving) having special rights or advantages because you come from a rich family （因来自富裕家庭）有特权的，受特别优待的◆She comes from a privileged background.她出身特权阶层。 OPP deprived ⇨ poor 1 ▸ privilege noun [uncountable] ◆ (disapproving) As a member of the nobility, his life had been one of wealth and privilege.身为贵族，他一度过着有钱有势的生活。■ comfortable having enough money to buy what you want without worrying about the cost 富裕的；宽裕的◆They're not millionaires, but they're certainly very comfortable.他们不是百万富翁，但肯定是非常宽裕。◆He makes a comfortable living.他过着舒适的生活。▸ comfortably adverb ◆You should be able to live comfortably on your allowance.你的津贴应该够你丰衣足食的了。■ loaded [not before noun] (informal) very rich 非常富有◆Let her pay－she's loaded.让她付钱吧－她钱多得很。 dark2 adjective a dark night 黑夜a dark colour 深颜色dark ♦︎ rich ♦︎ deep ♦︎ warm ♦︎ mellowThese words all describe strong and/or pleasant colours. 这些词均形容颜色深沉的、浓重宜人的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a dark / rich / deep / warm colour / tone / shade◆(a) dark / rich / deep / warm red / orange◆(a) dark / rich / deep blue / green / purple◆very dark / deep■ dark (of colours) not light; closer in shade to black than white （颜色）深的，暗的◆Darker colours are more practical and don't show stains.深色更实用，而且不显脏。◆Mahogany is a dark-coloured wood.红木是一种深色木材。◆He was dressed in a dark suit and a plain white shirt.他身着深色西服，配一件朴素的白衬衣。◆The dark clouds in the sky meant that a storm was coming.天空中的乌云预示着暴风雨即将来临。 OPP pale , light ⇨ pale 2 ■ rich [usually before noun](of colours) strong and dark, in a way that is beautiful or pleasing （色彩）浓重宜人的◆The colour of the flower is a rich deep red.那朵花的颜色是浓重的深红色。◆the rich tones of autumn秋天的浓重色调■ deep [usually before noun](of colours) strong and dark, especially in an attractive way （色彩）浓重的，深沉宜人的◆He had a pale face with deep blue eyes.他面容白皙，眼睛碧蓝。◆The colour is deeper when the grapes are dried.葡萄晒干后颜色会深一些。 OPP pale ⇨ pale 2 ■ warm [usually before noun](of colours) creating a pleasant, comfortable and relaxed feeling or atmosphere 暖色调的◆The house is decorated in warm shades of red and orange.房子用红和橙这些暖色调装饰。OPP cool ⇨ pale 2 ■ mellow (of colours) soft, rich and pleasant （色彩）柔和丰润的，浓重宜人的◆The floor was of mellow golden stone.地板用柔和的金黄色石料铺成。 deep2 adjective deep sympathy 深切的同情a deep voice/sound 低沉的嗓音／声响deep ♦︎ low ♦︎ rich ♦︎ bass ♦︎ sonorous ♦︎ full ♦︎ resoundingThese words all describe voices or sounds that are near the bottom of a musical scale and/or loud, and not high or soft. 这些词均形容嗓音或声音低沉的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a deep / low / rich / bass / sonorous / full voice◆a deep / low / rich / bass / full / resounding sound◆a deep / low groan / roar / rumble◆a deep / resounding thud / thump / thwack■ deep (of a voice) like a man's, not high like a woman's; (of a sound) near the bottom of the musical scale （嗓音或声音）低沉的，深沉的◆I heard his deep warm voice filling the room.我听见他那低沉而暖人的声音在房间里回荡。◆We heard a deep roar in the distance.我们听到远处一声低沉的轰鸣。 OPP high ⇨ high 3 ■ low (of a sound) near the bottom of the musical scale; (of a voice) quiet and often deep, like a man's 低沉的；低声的；轻声的◆The cello is lower than the violin.大提琴的声音比小提琴低沉。◆They were speaking in low voices.他们在低声说话。 OPP high ⇨ high 3 NOTE 辨析 Deep or low?A low voice or sound is a quiet one, but you would not use low to describe a quiet, high voice. It is only when you are talking about musical notes that a low sound can be either loud or quiet. A deep voice or sound can be loud or quiet. Musical notes that are deep are very low. 用low形容嗓音或声音时，表示很轻柔，但不能用low形容轻柔的高音，只有修饰音符时low sound才有响亮轻柔之分。以deep修饰的嗓音或声音可以是响亮或轻柔的。deep形容音符时是指音高很低。■ rich (approving) (of sounds, especially singing and music) strong and deep in a pleasant way （尤指歌声或音乐）浑厚的，低沉好听的◆Her rich contralto voice filled the concert hall.她那浑厚的中音充满了整个音乐大厅。ⓘ A rich voice is usually a singing voice, not a speaking voice. 用rich形容嗓音时通常指歌声而非说话声。■ bass / /beɪs/ / [only before noun] (music 音乐) (of a voice, instrument or music) low in tone （嗓音、乐器或音乐）低音的，低声调的◆He was musically talented, with a fine bass voice.他有音乐天赋，嗓音低沉优美。◆a bass drum低音鼓ⓘ Bass is a more technical word for a voice than low or deep, used in singing. 用bass来形容歌声，比用low或deep更专业。 OPP treble ⇨ high 3 ■ sonorous / /ˈsɒnərəs; NAmE ˈsɑːnərəs, səˈnɔːrəs/ (formal, approving) (of a voice or sound) strong, deep and ringing, in a pleasant way （嗓音或声音）雄浑的，浑厚的◆Her clear, sonorous voice is perfect for opera.她那清晰浑厚的嗓音很适合唱歌剧。▸ sonorously adverb ■ full (approving) (of sounds, especially music) deep, strong and rich （尤指音乐声）圆浑的，圆润的，饱满的◆He draws a unique full sound from the instrument.他用乐器奏出一种独特的圆浑音调。■ resounding /rɪˈzaʊndɪŋ/ / [only before noun] (written) (of a sound) very loud and continuing for a long time （声音）响亮悠扬的，回响的◆The boulder hit the ground with a resounding thud.那块巨石砰的一声砸在地面上。 productive adjective productive ♦︎ fertile ♦︎ fruitful ♦︎ prolific ♦︎ richThese words all describe sth that produces a lot of things or produces good results. 这些词均表示多产的、有成效的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆productive / fertile / rich land / soil◆a productive / fruitful collaboration / discussion / meeting◆a fertile / fruitful source of sth◆highly productive / fertile■ productive making goods or growing crops, especially in large quantities; achieving a lot （尤指批量）生产的；多产的；有成效的◆highly productive farming land / manufacturing methods高产农田；高效生产方式◆productive farmers / workers高效农民／工人◆My time spent in the library was very productive.我花在图书馆里的时间很有收获。 OPP unproductive ⇨ ineffective ▸ productively adverb ◆We need to use the land more productively.我们需要更高效地利用土地。◆It's important to spend your time productively.有效地利用时间很重要。■ fertile / /ˈfɜːtaɪl; NAmE ˈfɜːrtl/ (of land or soil) that plants grow well in; that produces many good results or encourages activity （土地或土壤）肥沃的；有成效的；促进的◆a fertile region / valley富饶的地区；肥沃的峡谷◆a fertile source of argument / dispute易引起争论的事◆ (figurative) The region at the time was fertile ground for revolutionary movements (= there were the necessary conditions for them to develop easily).当时该地区是革命运动的沃土。■ fruitful producing a lot of good or useful results 成果丰硕的；富有成效的◆The research has proved extremely fruitful.已经证明这项研究卓有成效。OPP fruitless ⇨ useless ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ valuable 2 另见valuable条第2义▸ fruitfully adverb ◆Computers are now widely and fruitfully used in classrooms throughout Europe.■ prolific /prəˈlɪfɪk/ / producing a lot of books, works of art, goals, fruit, wine, young, etc. 多产的；创作丰富的◆a prolific author / writer / composer多产的作者／作家／作曲家◆He was noted for his prolific output－ten books a year was normal.他以多产著称，每年十本书是常态。◆a prolific scorer / striker杰出的得分手／前锋◆The kiwi fruit is known for its prolific yield and good export price.奇异果以产量高和出口价优而著称。■ rich (of soil) containing the substances that make it good for growing plants in （土壤）肥沃的，丰产的◆rich farming land肥沃的农田◆a rich well-drained soil排水性能好的沃土 OPP poor |