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rational adj.
⇨ rational (a rational argument) ⇨ sane (a rational man) rational adjective ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ good 3 另见good条第3义rational ♦︎ coherent ♦︎ logical ♦︎ scientific ♦︎ reasonedThese words all describe behaviour or a way of thinking that is based on reason, facts and clear, careful thought. 这些词均表示行为或思维方式合理的、理性的、明智的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to be rational / scientific about sth◆a rational / coherent / logical / scientific / reasoned argument / explanation◆rational / coherent / logical / scientific / reasoned thought◆a rational / coherent / logical / scientific approach◆a rational / logical / scientific / reasoned choice / decision / conclusion◆rational / logical / scientific / reasoned thinking◆perfectly rational / coherent / logical■ rational / /ˈræʃnəl/ / (of behaviour or a way of thinking) based on reason and facts rather than emotions （行为或思维方式）合理的，理性的，明智的◆There's no rational explanation for his actions.对他的所作所为无法作出合理的解释。◆In some ways their behaviour is perfectly rational.在某种程度上他们的行为完全合理。OPP irrational ⇨ irrational see also rationality ⇨ logic ▸ rationally adverb ◆Scientific training helps you to think rationally.科学的训练有助于理性思考。■ coherent /kəʊˈhɪərənt; NAmE koʊˈhɪrənt/ (of an idea, system or explanation) rational and well-organized; clear and easy to understand （思想、体系或解释）合理的，有条理的，清楚易懂的◆She gave a clear, coherent account to the court.她向法庭作了清楚合理的陈述。◆They have yet to come up with a coherent policy on this issue.在这个问题上，他们还没有提出协调一致的政策。ⓘ Coherent is used especially to talk about plans and organization; typical collocates include approach, framework, pattern, picture, plan, policy, programme, scheme, strategy, structure, system, theory and whole. * coherent尤用于修饰计划和组织机构，常见搭配词有approach、framework、pattern、picture、plan、policy、programme、scheme、strategy、structure、system、theory和whole。 OPP incoherent ⇨ confused 2 see also coherence ⇨ efficiency ■ logical based on the rules of logic; showing clear thinking based on facts and reason 符合逻辑的；合乎情理的；合乎常理的◆The problem can be solved using a process of logical reasoning.这个问题可以通过逻辑推理得到解答。◆A contradiction is a logical impossibility.矛盾是指在逻辑上不可能的事。OPP illogical ⇨ irrational see also logic ⇨ logic ▸ logically adverb ◆If you look at it logically his argument makes no sense.如果从逻辑角度看，他的论点不成立。■ scientific (of a way of doing sth or thinking) careful and logical （做事或思考的方法）细致严谨的，科学的◆He took a very scientific approach to management.他采取了一种非常科学的管理方法。◆We need to be more scientific about this problem.在这个问题上我们需要更加严谨。 OPP unscientific ⇨ irrational ▸ scientifically adverb ◆We should try to approach this scientifically.我们应该努力科学地处理这事。■ reasoned [only before noun](of an argument or opinion) presented in a logical way that shows careful thought （论点或观点）合乎逻辑的，缜密的◆They refused the appeal without offering any reasoned argument.他们拒绝受理这一申诉，没有给出任何合理的理由。 see also reason ⇨ reason noun , reason ⇨ conclude verb , reasoning ⇨ reasoning sane adjective sane ♦︎ rational ♦︎ normal ♦︎ in your right mindThese words all describe sb who has a healthy mind and is able to think clearly and sensibly. 这些词均表示精神正常的、理智的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a sane / rational / normal person◆perfectly / quite / completely / otherwise sane / rational / normal■ sane having a healthy mind; not mentally ill 精神健全的；神志正常的◆No sane person would do a thing like that.没有一个神志正常的人会做那样的事。◆ (rather informal) Being able to get out of the city at weekends keeps me sane.亏得能出城过周末，我才没给憋疯了。OPP insane ⇨ mentally ill ▸ sanity / /ˈsænəti/ / noun [uncountable] ◆His behaviour was so strange that I began to doubt his sanity.他行为非常怪异，我都开始怀疑他是否神志正常了。■ rational / /ˈræʃnəl/ / able to think clearly and make decisions based on reason rather than emotions 理智的；理性的◆Humans are essentially rational beings.从本质上讲，人是理性动物。◆She said that she had not been fully rational when she signed the form.她说自己在表格上签字时并非完全头脑清醒。 OPP irrational ⓘ A person or thing that is irrational does not use, or is not based on, clear logical thought. * irrational指人不理智或事物不合逻辑◆You're being irrational.你不可理喻。 ■ normal having a healthy mind and body; not mentally ill 身心健全的；精神正常的◆He had been a completely normal, healthy little boy.他曾是个完全正常而又健康的小男孩。◆People who commit these crimes can't be normal, can they?犯下这种罪行的人心理不可能正常，不是吗？OPP abnormal ⇨ abnormal NOTE 辨析 Sane or normal?Sometimes you can use either word. 这两个词有时可通用◆No sane / normal person would do a thing like that.没有一个神志正常的人会做那样的事。 Sane is often used in a rather informal, slightly humorous way, to talk about yourself: if you talk about the need to stay sane or say that sth keeps you sane, you are really talking about avoiding stress rather than serious mental illness. Normal is always used to talk about other people. * sane常用于很不正式的语境，以略带幽默的方式来调侃自己。说自己需要stay sane或某事keep you sane，其实是指避免压力而非严重的精神病。normal总是用于别人◆Having a laugh helps me stay normal. In some contexts normal, but not sane, refers to both mental and physical health. 在有些语境中normal可兼指身心均正常健康，sane则不能◆a completely sane, healthy little boy ■ in your right ˈmind idiom mentally normal 精神正常◆No one in their right mind would agree to such an idea!没有一个精神正常的人会同意这种看法！ |