| 例句 |
particular adj.
⇨ particular (a particular type) ⇨ special (particular importance)particular noun
⇨ informationparticular adjective particular ♦︎ certain ♦︎ separate ♦︎ specific ♦︎ individual ♦︎ single ♦︎ respective ♦︎ distinctThese words are all used to talk about one person or thing, not others. 这些词均表示特定的、个别的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆sth is separate / distinct from sth else◆a particular / certain / specific / individual person◆a particular / a certain / a separate / a specific / an individual / a single / a distinct category / region◆respective categories / regions◆a particular / certain / separate / specific / single event / incident / occasion◆a particular / certain / separate / specific location◆particular / certain / separate / individual / single / distinct components◆particular / certain / specific / individual / respective / distinct needs / requirements◆a particular / certain / specific / single / distinct context◆respective contexts◆a particular / certain / specific / single / distinct objective / purpose◆a particular / certain / specific date◆respective dates◆a particular / a separate / an individual / a single / a distinct strand◆a / an separate / individual / single / distinct entity◆a particular / a certain / a separate / a specific / an individual / a distinct type of sth◆a particular / certain / specific / distinct kind of sth◆quite separate / specific / distinct■ particular [only before noun] used to emphasize that you are referring only to one person, thing or type of thing and not others 专指的，特指的（与泛指相对）◆There is one particular patient I'd like you to see.我想让你见一个病人。◆The policy seems to discriminate against particular groups of people.这一政策似乎对某些群体有歧视。◆Here, in no particular order (= the order is not important and has not been deliberately chosen), is a selection of readers' comments.这里挑选了部分读者的意见，排序不分先后。▸ particularly adverb ◆Traffic is bad, particularly on the way into town.交通状态很差，尤其是进城方向。◆I enjoyed the play, particularly the second half.我喜欢那个剧，尤其是后半部。■ certain [only before noun] used to mention a particular thing, person or group without giving any more details about it/them （不提及细节时用）某个，某些，某种◆Certain people might disagree with this.某些人对这事可能有异议。◆They refused to release their hostages unless certain conditions were met.除非某些条件得到满足，否则他们拒绝释放人质。ⓘ In formal English certain can be used when mentioning a person who has been named but who is not known. 在正式英语中，certain可指知其姓名不知其人的情况◆It was a certain Dr Davis who performed the operation.是一位叫戴维斯的医生做的手术。 ■ separate forming a unit by itself; not with or joined to sth else; (of several things of the same type) different and not connected 单独的；独立的；不同的；不相关的◆They sleep in separate bedrooms.他们睡在各自的卧室。◆Raw meat must be kept separate from cooked meat.生肉和熟肉必须分开存放。◆Write a list of names on a separate piece of paper.将名单写在另一张纸上。◆It happened on three separate occasions.这事在三个不同的场合发生过。◆For the past three years they have been leading totally separate lives.三年来，他们完全是各过各的生活。OPP joint , communal ⇨ common ▸ separately adverb ◆They were photographed separately and then as a group.他们先拍单人照，再拍合照。◆That matter will be considered separately from the main agenda.那件事将单独考虑，不列入主要议程。■ specific / /spəˈsɪfɪk/ / [usually before noun] connected with one particular thing or type of thing, especially one that is very well defined and different from others in important details （尤指因界定清楚、重要细节不同）特定的◆Each debate will focus on a specific political issue.每场辩论将聚焦一个特定的政治问题。◆The money was collected for a specific purpose.收取这笔钱是有特定用途的。▸ specifically adverb ◆a magazine aimed specifically at working women专门面向职业妇女的杂志NOTE 辨析 Particular or specific?A particular person, group or thing is that one and not a different one: John, not Mary; the French, not the Germans; that book, not this one. A specific group or thing is a particular one in all its details, not a general group or type of which this is one example: school children with learning difficulties, not school children in general; the issue of long-term unemployment in declining industrial centres, not the issue of unemployment in general. * particular指人、团体或事情是此非彼，如约翰，不是玛丽；法国人，不是德国人；那本书，不是这本书。specific指团体或事物是独特的，而不是普遍的，如学习上有困难的学生，不是一般的学生；衰落的工业区的长期失业问题，不是一般的失业问题。■ individual [only before noun] considered separately rather than as part of a group 单独的；个别的◆We interviewed each individual member of the community.我们采访了每个社区成员。◆The minister refused to comment on individual cases.部长拒绝对个别事件发表评论。 OPP collective ⇨ common see also individual ⇨ own ▸ individually adverb ◆individually wrapped chocolates独立包装的巧克力■ single [only before noun] used to emphasize that you are referring to one particular person or thing on its own （用于强调）一个的，单个的◆Unemployment is the single most important factor in the rising crime rates.失业是犯罪率日益上升最重要的一个因素。◆We eat rice every single day.我们天天吃米饭。▸ singly adverb ◆The stamps are available singly or in books of ten.邮票有单枚的，也有十枚一册的。■ respective / /rɪˈspektɪv/ / [only before noun] (usually used before a plural noun 通常用于复数名词前) (rather formal) belonging or relating separately to each of the people or things already mentioned 分别的；各自的◆They are each recognized as specialists in their respective fields.他们在各自的领域都被视为专家。▸ respectively adverb ◆Julie Wilson and Mark Thomas, aged 17 and 19 respectively朱莉•威尔逊和马克•托马斯，年龄分别是17岁和19岁■ distinct / /dɪˈstɪŋkt/ / clearly different or of a different kind 截然不同的；不同种类的◆The results of the survey fell into two distinct groups.调查结果分为截然不同的两种。◆Jamaican reggae music is quite distinct from North American jazz or blues.牙买加的雷盖音乐完全不同于北美的爵士乐或蓝调。◆We are talking about rural areas, as distinct from major cities.我们现在谈论的是乡村，与大城市截然不同。 special adjective ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ unique 另见unique条special ♦︎ exceptional ♦︎ particular ♦︎ extraordinaryThese words all describe things or events that are different from what is usual or normal. 这些词均表示特殊的、特别的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a special / an exceptional case / situation◆special / exceptional circumstances◆exceptional / extraordinary costs / losses / profit / items◆a special / an extraordinary meeting◆a special / particular threat◆of special / particular concern / importance / interest◆to take special / particular notice of sb / sth■ special [usually before noun] not ordinary or usual; different from what is normal 特殊的；特别的；不寻常的；不一般的◆Journalists were given no special privileges.新闻记者并不享受任何特权。◆The oil industry was treated as a special case.石油工业被看作是个特例。◆There really is something special about the place.那地方真的有几分特别。OPP ordinary ⇨ normal see also special ⇨ unique ■ exceptional / /ɪkˈsepʃənl/ / very unusual; (of costs or income) that you pay or receive only once 异常的；特别的；罕见的；（费用或收入）仅此一次的◆The deadline can be extended only in exceptional circumstances.最后期限只有在特殊情况下才能延长。◆Exceptional items in the last financial year increased profits by $25 million.上个财政年度一些特殊项目使利润增加了2 500万元。 OPP normal ⇨ normal see also exception ⇨ exception ▸ exceptionally adverb ◆There was an exceptionally high tide.发生了一次特别高的满潮。◆Exceptionally, the director may override the decision of the committee.在特殊情况下，董事可以推翻委员会的决定。■ particular [only before noun] greater than usual 不寻常的；格外的◆The high inflation rates were of particular concern.高通货膨胀率格外引人关注。◆The chemicals pose a particular threat to water quality.这些化学物质对水质构成了极大威胁。▸ particularly adverb ◆Traffic is bad, particularly in the downtown area.交通状况很差，特别是在市中心。◆'Did you enjoy it?' 'No, not particularly (= not very much).'“你玩得开心吗？”“不很开心。”◆The lecture was not particularly interesting.那次讲座并不特别精彩。■ extraordinary /ɪkˈstrɔːdnri; NAmE ɪkˈstrɔːrdəneri/ [only before noun] (formal) in addition to what is usual, regular or normal 特别的；临时的◆The club convened an extraordinary general meeting.该俱乐部召开了一次特别全体会议。 information noun ➡ See also the entries for ⇨ figure, ⇨ news and ⇨ situation 另见figure条、news条和situation条information ♦︎ data ♦︎ detail ♦︎ fact ♦︎ point ♦︎ material ♦︎ intelligence ♦︎ particular ♦︎ infoThese are all words for things about a situation, person, etc. that you know about, can find out about, or that are true. 这些词均表示信息、资料或实情。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆information / data / a detail / a fact / a point / material / intelligence / particulars / info about / relating to sb / sth◆information / data / material / intelligence / info on sb / sth◆information / intelligence / the fact / the point that...◆(an) important information / data / detail / fact / point / material / intelligence / particular / info◆accurate / precise information / data / details / facts / intelligence / info◆(a) detailed information / data / facts / point / material / intelligence / particulars◆hard information / data / facts / intelligence◆(a / an) further / additional information / data / details / fact / point / material / intelligence / particulars / info◆to have information / data / details / the facts / intelligence / particulars / info◆to collect / gather information / data / details / facts / material / intelligence / info◆to get / receive information / data / details / intelligence / info◆to record information / data / details / facts / info◆to give (sb) information / data / details / the facts / particulars / info◆to provide information / data / details / material / particulars / info◆a piece of information / data / intelligence■ information [uncountable] things that you know, are told, or can find out about sb/sth 信息；消息；情报◆Do you have any information about local buses?你有本地公共汽车的信息吗？◆He is accused of giving false information to the police.他被指控向警方提供假情报。◆Information is stored on their computerized databases.信息存储在他们的电脑数据库里。◆For further information, contact us at the above address.欲知详情，请按上述地址联系我们。◆You can go to the information desk for help.你可以去服务台请求帮助。◆This letter is for information only.这封信仅供参考。 see also inform ⇨ tell 1 ■ data [uncountable] information that has been gathered about sth, especially when it is examined and used to find out things or to make decisions; information that is stored on a computer 数据；资料；（存储在计算机中的）数据资料◆They are not allowed to hold data on people's private finances.他们不得保存有关人们个人财务状况的资料。◆What methods are you using to interpret the data?你用什么方法解读这些数据？◆There is no hard data to support this theory.没有可靠的数据支持这个理论。◆This is just raw data (= data that has not been examined).这只是原始资料。◆One vital item of data was missing.一条极其重要的数据找不到了。ⓘ Data is usually treated as an uncountable noun, but it is used as a plural noun in technical English, when the singular is datum. * data通常用作不可数名词，但作术语时用作复数名词，其单数形式为datum◆ (technical 术语) These data were collected over a period of several months.这些资料是用几个月的时间收集来的。■ detail [countable] a small individual piece of information about what sth is like or what needs to be done; a less important piece of information 细微之处；细节；枝节◆The expedition was planned down to the last detail.这次探险计划得十分周详。◆He stood still, absorbing every detail of his surroundings.他一动不动地站着，不放过周围环境中的每一个细微之处。◆Oh that's just a detail－we can deal with it later.哦，那只是个枝节问题，我们可以以后处理。◆Sharon will fill you in on the details (= tell you them).莎伦会详细告诉你的。ⓘ Details [plural] are information, especially pieces of practical information about a person, event, service, etc. or the complete information about sth that happened. 复数形式的details指详情，尤指关于某人、某个事件、某项服务等的实用性信息或关于发生之事的全部情况◆Our personnel officer will take your details (= take information about you).我们的人事主管会记下你的资料。◆'We had a terrible time.' 'Oh, spare me the details (= I do not want to know all the details)!'“我们倒霉透了。”“哎呀，别给我细说了！” see also detail ⇨ list verb , detailed ⇨ detailed ■ fact [countable] a thing that is known to be true, especially sth that can be proved （可证实的）事实，真相◆First, let's look at some basic facts about healthy eating.首先，咱们看一下关于健康饮食的一些基本事实。◆I've asked to see all the facts and figures before I make a decision.我已要求查看全部精确资料后再作决定。◆I wish you'd get your facts right!我希望你别把事实搞错！◆The judge ordered both lawyers to stick to the facts.法官要求双方律师不要偏离事实。◆It's time you learnt to face the facts (= accept reality).现在该是你学会正视现实的时候了。◆I know for a fact that he's involved in something illegal.我肯定他卷入了非法活动。 see also fact ⇨ fact , factual ⇨ reliable 2 ■ point [countable] a particular detail or fact 具体细节（或事实）◆Here are the main points of the news.以下是新闻摘要。◆Could you explain that point again?你能再解释一下那一点吗？◆There are one or two points that aren't yet clear.有一两点还不清楚。■ material [uncountable] information or ideas used in books, etc. 素材；用以创作的材料（或构想）◆She's collecting material for her next novel.她在为下一部小说收集素材。■ intelligence [uncountable] secret information that is collected about enemies or criminals; the people that collect this information （关于敌人或罪犯的）情报；情报人员◆They had obtained secret intelligence about enemy plans.他们得到了有关敌人计划的秘密情报。◆Intelligence sources (= people who give this information) report that a terrorist attack is highly probable.有消息称恐怖分子极有可能会发动袭击。◆He's head of military intelligence.他是军方情报头目。■ particular [countable, usually plural] (formal) a fact or detail, especially one that is officially written down （尤指正式记下的）细节，详情◆The police officer took down all the particulars of the burglary.警察记下了入室窃案的详细情况。◆The new contract will be the same in every particular as the old one.新合同与旧合同的各项细节将完全相同。ⓘ Particulars [plural] are written information or details about a property, business, job, etc. 复数形式的particulars指关于房产、生意、工作等的书面详细资料◆We asked for the particulars of the house.我们索要了那栋房子的详细资料。 ■ info /ˈɪnfəʊ; NAmE ˈɪnfoʊ/ [uncountable] (informal) information 信息；消息；情报◆Have you had any more info about the job yet?关于这份工作你有进一步的消息吗？ⓘ Info is an informal word, often used to talk about details of sth such as a job, course or event, and often comes in printed form. Info- can also be used as a prefix in words such as infosheet and infopack. * info是非正式用语，常用以指工作、课程或事件等的资料，通常是纸本资料。info-还可用作前缀，构成infosheet（资料单张）和infopack（信息包）等词◆We send all potential clients an infopack.我们给所有潜在的客户都发了信息包。 |