| 例句 |
patch noun
⇨ patch (a white dog with black patches) ⇨ garden 2 (the vegetable patch) ⇨ time 2 (go through a rough patch)patch verb
⇨ repair patch noun patch ♦︎ dot ♦︎ mark ♦︎ spotThese are all words for a small part on sth that is a different colour from the rest. 这些词均表示色斑、斑点。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a patch / dot / mark / spot on sth◆with patches / dots / marks / spots◆a blue / black / red, etc. patch / dot / mark / spot■ patch [countable] an area of sth, especially one which is different from the area around it （尤指与周围不同的）小块，小片◆a white dog with a black patch on its back背上有块黑斑的白狗◆He had a bald patch on the top of his head.他头顶秃了一块。◆There were damp patches on the wall.墙上有片片湿渍。◆patches of dense fog团团浓雾■ dot [countable] a small round mark on sth, especially one that is printed （尤指印出的）点，小点，小圆点◆The letters 'i' and 'j' have dots over them.字母i和j上面都有一点。◆The graphics are printed at 500 dots per inch.插图按每英寸500个点的密度打印。◆She was wearing a yellow skirt with red polka dots on it.她穿着一件黄底红点的裙子。◆The island is a small green dot on the map.该岛在地图上是一个小绿点。◆Two helicopters appeared as black dots on the horizon.两架直升机像两个小黑点儿，出现在地平线上。■ mark [countable] a noticeable area of colour on the body of a person or animal （人或动物身上的）斑点，记号，色斑◆The horse had a white mark on its head.这匹马头上有块白斑。◆Do you have any distinguishing marks (= marks on your body that help to prove your identity)?你身上有什么标记吗？■ spot [countable] a small round area that is a different colour or feels different from the surface it is on 斑点◆The male bird has a red spot on its beak.雄鸟喙上有个红点。◆ (BrE) She was wearing a white dress with red spots.她穿着一件白底红点的连衣裙。 garden2 noun a back garden 后院a rose garden 玫瑰园parkvisit the botanical gardensgarden ♦︎ bed ♦︎ allotment ♦︎ border ♦︎ patch ♦︎ kitchen gardenThese are all words for a small piece of land where you can grow things such as flowers, fruit and vegetables. 这些词均表示花坛、果园、菜园。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆in a garden / a bed / an allotment / a border / a patch / a kitchen garden◆a flower / rose garden / bed◆a vegetable garden / patch■ garden [countable] (especially NAmE) a part of the piece of land next to or around your house where you can grow things such as flowers, fruit and vegetables （住宅旁或周围的）园圃，花园，果园，菜园◆They planted a garden of woodland plants that were native to the area.他们在园圃中种植了一些当地原产的林生植物。ⓘ This is the usual meaning of garden in American English; in British English, garden is only used in this meaning in compounds. 在美式英语中，garden通常作此义；在英式英语中，garden作此义时仅用于复合词中◆ (BrE, NAmE) a flower / rose / vegetable garden花园；玫瑰园；菜园 ■ bed [countable] an area of ground in a garden or park for growing plants, especially flowers 苗圃；菜园；（尤指）花坛◆Raised flower beds are ideal for people in wheelchairs.凸起的花坛对坐轮椅的人来说非常方便。■ allotment /əˈlɒtmənt; NAmE əˈlɑːtmənt/ [countable] (especially BrE) a small area of land in a town which a person can rent in order to grow vegetables or other plants on it （城镇居民可以租来种菜或其他植物的）小块菜地，小块土地◆She grew beautiful flowers on her allotment.她在她的小园地种上了漂亮的花。■ border [countable] a strip of soil along the edge of an area of grass in a garden, which is planted with flowers or other plants （花园里草坪边上的）狭长花坛，绿化带◆The back garden is mostly lawn with herbaceous borders.后院主要是草坪，草坪四边种有草本植物。■ patch [countable] (in compounds 构成复合词) a small piece of land, especially one used for growing vegetables or fruit that grows on or near the ground 小块土地；（尤指）菜地，果园◆We had a strawberry patch beside the greenhouse.在温室旁我们有一块草莓圃。 see also plot ⇨ land noun 2 ■ ˌkitchen ˈgarden [countable] a part of a garden where you grow vegetables and fruit for your own use 家庭菜园；花园中辟作种蔬果的一角◆Herbs and seasonal vegetables are picked fresh from our own kitchen garden.可以从我们自己的果菜园采摘新鲜的香草和当季蔬菜。 time2 noun It's time for lunch. 午餐时间到了。a long time ago 很久以前time ♦︎ period ♦︎ season ♦︎ while ♦︎ term ♦︎ run ♦︎ spell ♦︎ interval ♦︎ stint ♦︎ span ♦︎ patchThese are all words for a length of time during which sth lasts, happens or is done. 这些词均表示一段时间、时期。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a time / a period / a season / a term / a run / a spell / an interval / a stint / a span / a patch of sth◆a time / period / season / term / spell / stint as sth◆for a time / a period / a season / a while / a term / a spell / an interval / a stint / a span◆during a time / a period / a season / a term / a run / a spell / an interval / a stint / a span / a ... patch◆after a time / a period / a season / a while / a term / a run / a spell / an interval / a stint / a ... patch◆a long time / period / season / while / term / run / spell / interval / stint / span◆a short time / period / season / while / term / spell / interval / stint / span◆a brief time / period / season / while / spell / interval / stint / span◆a bad time / period / season / run / spell / patch◆a difficult / lean time / period / season / spell / patch◆a successful time / period / season / term / run / stint◆to have a ... time / period / season / run / spell / patch◆to enjoy a time / period / season / run / spell◆to go through a ... time / period / season / spell / patch◆to do a term / spell / stint■ time [countable] a period of time, either long or short, during which you do sth or sth happens （或长或短的）一段时间◆I lived in Egypt for a time.我在埃及住了一阵子。◆His injuries will take a long time to heal.他的伤需要很长一段时间才能好。◆Her parents died a long time ago.她的父母很久以前就去世了。◆At one time (= at a period of time in the past) Emily was my best friend.埃米莉一度是我最好的朋友。◆Mr Curtis was the manager in my time (= when I was working there).我在那里工作时，柯蒂斯先生是经理。◆The early morning is the best time of day.清晨是一天最好的时光。◆There were times－sometimes whole weeks－when I thought it wasn't worth trying to complete the project.有时候－有时是整个星期－我都觉得努力完成这个项目是不值得的。 see also time ⇨ period ■ period [countable] a length of time during which sth lasts, happens or is done （某事持续、发生或完成的）一段时间，时期◆There was a long period of uncertainty before we knew the final decision.我们知道最终决定前，有很长时间事态并不明朗。◆The factory will be closed down over a period of two years.这家工厂将在两年内关闭。◆This compares with a 4% increase for the same period last year.这和去年同期4%的升幅相若。◆The project will run for a six-month trial period.这个项目将试运行六个月。 see also period ⇨ period NOTE 辨析 Time or period? Time places more emphasis on the feeling of time passing and things happening during the period; period places more emphasis on the amount of time that passed or has passed, and the things that did happen or have happened. * time更强调时间流逝的感觉和在期间发生的事情；period更强调这段时间有多长，以及期间确实发生过的事◆I lived in Egypt for a period. ◆The factory will be closed down over a time of two years. When you are talking about things that happen regularly, you can use either word, but period is slightly more formal. 当谈论的事情是定期、有规律地发生时，这两个词可以通用，但period稍正式些◆There are extra buses at peak times / periods.繁忙时段公交车会增开班次。 ■ season [countable] a period during a year when a particular activity happens or is done, or when a particular style of clothes, hair, etc. is popular and fashionable （一年中开展某项活动的）季节，旺季；（一年中时装、发型等的）流行期◆the cricket / hunting / shooting season板球赛季；狩猎季节◆the breeding / mating / growing / planting season繁殖／交配／生长／栽种季节◆She scored her first goal of the season on Saturday.她在星期六的比赛中打进了她在本赛季的第一个球。◆The hotels are always full during the peak season (= the period when most people are on holiday).在旺季，这些旅馆总是客满。◆ (BrE) the holiday season度假旺季◆ (NAmE) the tourist season旅游旺季◆ (BrE) Best wishes for the festive season (= Christmas).祝圣诞节节期愉快。◆ (NAmE) the holiday season (= the time of Thanksgiving, Hanukkah, Christmas and New Year) 节假日期间（包括感恩节、修殿节、圣诞节和新年）◆It's much cheaper to buy a season ticket (= a single ticket that lasts a whole season).购买季票要便宜得多。◆This season's look is soft and romantic.这段时间的流行风格是柔和、浪漫。ⓘ Season also means a period of time during which a play is shown in one place, or a series of plays, films or television programmes. * season还指一部戏剧在某地的演出期，或一系列戏剧、电影或电视节目的集中上映、荟萃◆The play opens for a second season in London next week.下周这部剧将在伦敦开始第二轮演出。◆a season of films by Alfred Hitchcock阿尔弗雷德•希区柯克电影作品展 ■ while [singular] a period of time 一段时间◆They chatted for a while.他们聊了一会儿。◆I'll be back in a little while (= a short time).我一会儿就回来。◆I haven't seen him for quite a while (= a fairly long time).我有一阵子没见到他了。ⓘ While is used especially to talk about the fairly long or fairly short time that sb spends doing sth or waiting for sth to happen, or how long sth takes. * while尤指要么很长，要么很短的时间，如花在做某事或等候的时间，或指做某事要花的时间。■ term [countable] a period during which sth lasts; a fixed or limited period of time 期；期限；任期◆during the president's first term of / in office在总统的首届任期内◆He faces a maximum prison / jail term of 25 years.他面临25年的最高刑期。◆The term of agreement can be for either two or three years.该协议的期限可为两年或三年。■ run [countable] a period during which sth good or bad lasts or is repeated; a series of performances of a play or film 一段（幸运或倒霉的）时光；连续上演（或放映）◆a run of good / bad luck一连串好运／厄运◆Liverpool lost to Leeds, ending an unbeaten run of 18 games.利物浦队输给了利兹队，结束了连续18场不败的纪录。◆The show is enjoying a record-breaking run at the Shaftesbury Theatre.这场表演在沙夫茨伯里剧院连续上演，打破了纪录。■ spell [countable] a short period during which sth lasts, especially weather; a short period that you spend working somewhere or doing sth （持续的）一段时间（尤指天气）；（在某处工作或干某事的）短期时间◆We had a spell of warm weather in April.4月份我们度过了一段温暖的日子。◆a cold / hot / wet / bright spell一段寒冷／炎热／多雨／晴朗的日子◆She went to the doctor complaining of dizzy spells.她去找医生看病，说自己一阵阵地眩晕。◆I spent a brief spell on the Washington Post.我曾在《华盛顿邮报》工作过一小段时间。■ interval [countable, usually plural] a short period during which sth different happens from what is happening the rest of the time （其他事情）穿插出现的间隙◆She's delirious most of the time, but has lucid intervals.她大部分时间神志昏乱，但有时清醒。◆She ruled for ten years, except for a brief interval.除了短暂间歇之外，她统治了十年。■ stint [countable] a period that you spend working somewhere or doing a particular activity 从事某项工作（或活动）的时间◆She did a stint abroad early in her career.她刚参加工作时在国外干过一段时间。◆He hated his two-year stint in the Navy.他憎恨在海军服役的那两年。■ span [countable] the length of time that sth lasts or is able to continue 持续时间◆I worked with him several times over a span of six years.六年之中我和他共事过几次。◆This textbook covers the entire span of Arab history.这本教科书涵盖了整个阿拉伯的历史。◆The project must be completed within a specific time span.这项工程必须在规定期限内完成。◆Small children have a short attention span.幼儿注意力持续时间短。■ patch [countable] (especially BrE, informal) a period of the type mentioned, usually a difficult or unhappy one 一段（艰难）岁月；一段（痛苦）日子◆The team has been through a rough patch recently.团队近来经历了一段艰难时期。 repair verb repair ♦︎ fix ♦︎ mend ♦︎ overhaul ♦︎ patch ♦︎ darnThese words all mean to work on sth that is damaged, torn or broken so that it is in a good condition or working correctly again. 这些词均表示修理、修补、修缮。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to repair / fix / mend a road / fence / roof / bike / puncture◆to repair / fix / overhaul an engine◆to repair / fix a car / television / fault / defect / leak◆to repair / fix the heating / damage◆to repair / mend / patch shoes / clothes◆to have / get sth repaired / fixed / mended / overhauled■ repair [transitive] to work on sth that is broken, damaged or torn so that it is in good condition or works correctly again 修理；修补；修缮◆We'll need to get someone to repair the roof.我们需要找人修理屋顶。◆The damage to the ship had been repaired.对船造成的损坏已修复。◆Are you going to get the television repaired?你要将电视机送修吗？◆The human body has an amazing capacity to repair itself.人体有惊人的自我修复能力。 see also repair ⇨ state noun ■ fix [transitive] to repair sth 修理；修补；修缮◆I had to take the car into the garage to get it fixed.我不得不把车开到汽车修理厂找人修好。◆We're not moving in until the heating's fixed.暖气修好后我们才搬进去。◆Mommy, can you fix my toy?妈妈，你能修好我的玩具吗？NOTE 辨析 Repair or fix?In British English repair is the most general word; fix is slightly more informal and is used especially to talk about repairing machines or equipment. In American English fix is the most usual word, used to talk about repairing anything that is broken or damaged, and repair sounds rather formal. 在英式英语中，repair是表示“修理”之意的使用范围最广的词，fix稍非正式，尤指修理机器或设备。在美式英语中，fix是最常用的词，指修复任何遭破坏或损坏的东西，repair则听起来相当正式。■ mend [transitive] (especially BrE) to repair sth that is broken, damaged or torn so that it can be used again 修理；修补◆He mended shoes for a living.他靠修鞋为生。◆ (BrE) Could you mend my bike?你能帮我修一下自行车吗？ⓘ In American English, mend is only used about clothes, etc. that need to be repaired. 在美式英语中，mend仅指修补衣物等。■ overhaul /ˌəʊvəˈhɔːl; NAmE ˌoʊvərˈhɔːl/ [transitive] to examine every part of a machine or system and make any necessary changes or repairs 全面检修，大修，改造（机器或系统）◆The engine has been completely overhauled.发动机已彻底检修过了。◆The company was called in to overhaul the railroad system.那家公司应召对铁路系统进行大修。■ patch [transitive] to cover a hole or worn place, especially in clothes, with a piece of fabric or other material 在⋯上打补丁；缝补；修补◆He was wearing patched jeans.他当时穿着带补丁的牛仔裤。◆We need to patch that hole in the roof.我们需要修补屋顶的那个漏洞。ⓘ To patch sth up is to repair sth, especially in a temporary way by adding a new piece of material. * patch sth up指修补，尤指临时补上◆Just to patch the boat up will cost £10 000.仅仅把船补一补就得花上1万英镑。To patch sb up is to treat sb's injuries, especially quickly or temporarily. * patch sb up指临时包扎伤口，尤指快速简单地处理一下◆The doctor will soon patch you up.大夫很快就会给你处理包扎好的。 ■ darn [transitive, intransitive] to repair a hole in a piece of clothing by sewing stitches across the hole 织补；缝补◆He was sitting darning his socks.他坐着补袜子。 |