pattern noun ⇨pattern1 (sleeping patterns)⇨pattern2 (a diamond pattern)⇨model (set a pattern)
pattern1
noun
an irregular sleeping pattern不规律的睡眠模式a pattern of diamonds and squares菱形和正方形构成的图案pattern ♦︎ cycle ♦︎ rhythmThese are all words for the regular way in which sth happens or is done.这些词均表示模式、规律。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a / an regular / irregular pattern / cycle / rhythm◆a natural cycle / rhythm◆to break a pattern / cycle / rhythm◆the cycle / rhythm of the seasons■pattern [countable] the regular way in which sth happens or is done模式；方式◆changing patterns of behaviour / work / weather行为／工作／天气变化模式◆an irregular sleeping pattern不规律的睡眠模式◆The murders all seem to follow a (similar) pattern(= happen in the same way).这些凶杀案似乎同出一辙。◆There is no set pattern for these meetings.这些会议没有固定模式。■cycle [countable] the fact of a series of events being repeated many times, always in the same order循环◆They could not break the cycle of harvest failure, food shortages, price increases and misery.他们无法打破从粮食歉收、食品短缺、物价上涨、直至穷困凄惨这一循环。◆This cycle of events continually repeats itself.这些事件循环往复，周而复始。◆the life cycle of the butterfly(= the series of forms into which it changes as it develops)蝴蝶的生命周期▸cyclic /ˈsaɪklɪk, ˈsɪklɪk/ ( cyclical)
adjective
[usually before noun] ◆the cyclic processes of nature自然界的循环过程◆Economic activity often follows a cyclical pattern.经济活动常常遵循周期性模式。■rhythm [countable] a regular pattern of changes or events规则变化；规律◆the rhythm of the tides潮汐的变化规律◆Lack of sleep can upset your daily rhythm.缺少睡眠可能扰乱生活节奏。◆My body rhythms had not yet adapted to the ten-hour time difference.我的生物钟还没有适应十个小时的时差。 see also rhythm ⇨ rhythmNOTE辨析 Pattern, cycle or rhythm?A cycle is the most regular of these and a pattern is the least regular and most likely to change over time. * cycle一词所表示的规律性最强，pattern最弱而且最可能随时间而改变◆changing cycles/rhythms of behaviour/work/weatherPattern is used especially to talk about people's work and behaviour; cycle is used especially to talk about events in the natural world; rhythm is used especially to talk about how people's bodies adapt to changing conditions. * pattern尤指人的工作模式和行为模式；cycle尤指自然界事件发生的规律；rhythm尤指人体随条件变化进行调节的模式。
pattern2
noun
an irregular sleeping pattern不规律的睡眠模式a pattern of diamonds and squares菱形和正方形构成的图案pattern ♦︎ design ♦︎ motifThese are all words for an arrangement of lines and shapes, or a simple picture, especially one that is used to decorate sth.这些词均表示图案、式样。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a pattern / design / motif on sth◆in a pattern / design◆a simple / floral pattern / design / motif◆a / an elaborate / intricate / abstract / geometric / symmetrical pattern / design◆to have / make a pattern / design / motif◆to print / produce / weave a pattern / design◆to design a pattern / motif■pattern [countable] a regular arrangement of lines, shapes and colours, either used to decorate sth or made or formed by chance图案；花样；式样◆a pattern of diamonds and squares菱形和正方形构成的图案◆He wore a shirt with a floral pattern.他穿了件花衬衫。◆He had arranged the glasses in a pattern.他用玻璃杯摆成一个图案。◆The ice formed patterns on the windows.窗上结了冰花。 see also decoration ⇨ decoration■design [countable] an arrangement of lines and shapes, used as a decoration on an object or in a building装饰图案；花纹◆The building has intricate geometric designs on several of the walls.这座建筑的几面墙上都有复杂的几何图案。◆The tiles come in a huge range of colours and designs.瓷砖有各种各样的颜色和图案。 see also decoration ⇨ decorationNOTE辨析 Pattern or design?A pattern is a design that is repeated in a regular way. It is usually made up of lines, shapes and colours, rather than pictures of things, although simple pictures can form part of a pattern. * pattern是规则的图案，通常由线条、形状和颜色构成，一般不是图片，尽管可能有简单的图片构成部分图案◆a leaf / flower / floral pattern叶子／鲜花／花卉的图案A pattern can be deliberately created as a decoration or accidentally formed by the way things come together. A design is always deliberately created as a decoration. It can be a repeated pattern or a single decoration; it can be simple or complicated, made up of lines and shapes, or including pictures of things; but it is always deliberately created as a decoration. * pattern可以是特意设计作装饰用的，也可以是偶然形成的。design总是特意设计出的装饰，可以是一种图案的重复，也可以是单个装饰图案，可简可繁，可由线条、形状或图画构成，但无一例外是特意设计出来作装饰用的。■motif /məʊˈtiːf; NAmEmoʊˈtiːf/ [countable] a design used as a decoration装饰图案；装饰图形◆The rug was decorated with a simple flower motif.地毯上有简单的鲜花图案。◆The jacket has a rose motif on the collar.上衣领子上有个玫瑰花图案。ⓘ A motif is often a small, simple picture of sth that is used once, or repeated in different places or parts of sth. * motif常常是单次使用的事物形象的简单小图，也可多次用在不同地方或不同部分。
model
noun
model ♦︎ pattern ♦︎ prototype ♦︎ precedent ♦︎ blueprint ♦︎ templateThese are all words for sth that can be copied by other people.这些词均表示样本、范例、模板。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a model / pattern / prototype / precedent / blueprint / template for sth◆to provide / serve as / act as a model / prototype / precedent / blueprint / template◆to develop / create a model / prototype / blueprint / template◆to set a pattern / precedent◆to follow / copy a model / pattern / precedent / blueprint / template■model [countable] an example of sth such as a system that can be copied by other people样本；范例◆The nation's constitution provided a model that other countries followed.这个国家的宪法成了别国仿效的范例。 see also model yourself/sth on sb/sth ⇨ follow4, model ⇨ example2■pattern [countable, usually singular] an excellent example of sth such as a system that other people should copy范例；典范；样板◆This system sets the pattern for others to follow.这个系统堪为他人仿效的典范。NOTE辨析 Model or pattern?A system or organization is/provides a model but sets a pattern for people to follow. A pattern is always an excellent example and one that people should follow; a model is an example that people do follow, although this is usually because it works well.表示某一系统或组织可供人仿效可以说be/provide a model或set a pattern。pattern总是指人们应该仿效的优秀榜样、典范；model指通常因运转良好而确实为人们所仿效的范例。■prototype / /ˈprəʊtətaɪp; NAmEˈproʊtətaɪp/ [countable] the first design of sth from which other forms are copied or developed原型；雏形；最初形态◆He produced designs for the prototype of the modern bicycle.他设计了现代自行车的雏形。■precedent /ˈpresɪdənt/ / [countable, uncountable] (ratherformal) an official action or decision that has been taken in the past and that is seen as an example or rule to be followed in a similar situation later可援用参考的具体例子；实例；范例◆The ruling set a precedent for future libel cases.这项裁决为今后的诽谤案提供了判例。◆The decision of the local authority was based on historical precedent.地方当局的决定是以历史前例为依据的。■blueprint / /ˈbluːprɪnt/ / [countable] a plan which shows what can be achieved and how it can be achieved; a model showing how sth should be done or made行动方案；计划蓝图；模型；模板◆The government has published a blueprint for an integrated transport system.政府公布了建设综合联运体系的方案。◆They see the device as the blueprint for all future chip design.他们把这个装置视为未来所有芯片设计的模板。■template [countable] a thing that is used as a model for producing other similar examples样板；范例；模板◆If you need to write a lot of similar letters, set up a template on your computer.如果你需要写许多类似的信件，就在计算机上设一个模板。