pay verb ⇨pay (pay a bill)⇨pay attention⇨hearpay noun ⇨income
pay
verb
➡ See also the entry for ⇨ spend1另见spend条第1义pay ♦︎ give ♦︎ settle ♦︎ meet ♦︎ defray ♦︎ clearThese words all mean to pay the money that you owe.这些词均表示付清欠款、结账。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to pay / settle / meet / clear your debts◆to pay / settle / meet a bill◆to pay / meet / defray the cost of sth◆to meet / defray the expense of sth■pay(paid, paid) [intransitive, transitive] to give sb money for work, goods, services, etc.付费；付酬◆I'll pay for the tickets.我来买票。◆My company pays well(= pays high salaries).我公司给的工资很高。◆There's a 5% discount if you pay cash.付现金有5%的折扣。◆She pays £200 a week for this apartment.这套公寓她每周要付200英镑。◆Would you mind paying the taxi driver?您付出租车费好吗？◆He still hasn't paid me the money he owes me.他还没还欠我的钱呢。◆I'm paid $100 a day.我每天的报酬是100元。 see also pay ⇨ incomenoun■give(gave, given) [transitive] to pay in order to have or do sth（为购买某物或做某事）支付，付款◆How much will you give me for the car?你肯出多少钱买我这辆车？◆I gave £50 for the lot.我花50英镑全买下来了。◆I'd give anything to see him again.只要能再见他一面我愿付出任何代价。■settle [transitive, intransitive] to pay a bill or pay back money that you owe付清（欠款）；结账◆The insurance company is refusing to settle her claim.保险公司拒付她提出的索赔款项。◆Let me settle with you for the meal.我来把饭费付给你。◆I'll pay now－we can settle up later.现在我来付账－咱们一会儿再算。■meet(met, met) [transitive] to pay all of a cost or debt付清；偿清◆The school had to sell off its playing fields to meet its debt repayments.学校不得不把操场卖掉来偿还债务。■defray / /dɪˈfreɪ/ / [transitive] (formal) to pay part or all of a cost支付，付给（部分或全部费用）◆Proceeds from the raffle always help to defray the expenses of the annual dance.卖彩票的收益总能帮助支付周年舞会的费用。■clear [transitive] to pay back all the money you owe清偿，还清（债务）◆We are economizing for a few months to try to clear our overdraft.我们要过几个月节衣缩食的日子，努力还清透支。NOTE辨析 Settle, meet, defray or clear?Settle and clear mean to pay all of an amount of money: settle is used for bills and debts, clear only for debts. Defray is a formal word usually used when sb/sth helps to pay part of a cost. Meet is used especially about payments that you make regularly. * settle和clear皆指付清整笔款项：settle指支付账单和还清债务，clear只用于清偿债务。defray一词很正式，通常指某人或某事帮助偿付部分费用。meet尤指定期付款。
hear
verb
hear ♦︎ listen ♦︎ pay attention ♦︎ heed ♦︎ catch ♦︎ tune in/tune in to sb/sthThese words all mean to be aware of the sound made by sb/sth, or the meaning of sb's words.这些词均表示听到、听见。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to listen / pay attention / tune in to sb / sth◆to hear / listen to / tune in to / catch a radio programme◆to hear / listen to music◆to hear / listen to / pay attention to a conversation◆to hear / listen to / pay attention to / heed / catch sb's words / what sb says◆to hear / listen to / heed advice / a warning◆an audience hears / listens to / tunes in to sb / sth■hear(heard, heard) [intransitive, transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) to be aware of sounds with your ears; to give your attention to the sound produced by sb/sth听见；听到；（注意）听◆I can't hear very well.我听不清楚。◆I couldn't hear anything.我什么都听不见。◆He could hear a dog barking.他听见有狗在叫。◆Did you hear him go out?你听到他出去了吗？◆Didn't you hear what I said?难道你没听到我说的话吗？◆Did you hear that play on the radio last night?你昨晚收听那个广播剧了吗？◆Don't decide until you've heard both sides of the argument.听了双方的论点后再作决定。■listen [intransitive] to give your attention to the sound produced by sb/sth; to take notice of what sb says to you so that you follow their advice or believe them（注意）听；倾听；听从◆'What were you doing?' 'Just listening to the radio.'“你在干什么？”“听收音机。”◆Listen! What's that noise?听！那是什么声响？◆Sorry, I wasn't really listening.抱歉，我没注意听。◆He had been listening at the door.他一直守在门口听动静。◆Can you listen out for the doorbell?你能留心听门铃响吗？◆None of this would have happened if you'd listened to me.你要是听我的话，这一切就不会发生了。◆Why won't you listen to reason?你怎么就不听劝呢？◆ (spoken) Listen, there's something I have to tell you.听着，我有事要告诉你。◆ (especially NAmE) OK everyone, listen up!好了，大家注意听！ⓘ You cannot 'listen sb/sth' (without 'to').不能说listen sb/sth（不带介词to）◆I'm fond of listening to classical music.我喜欢听古典音乐。◆I'm fond of listening classical music.NOTE辨析 Hear or listen?Hear usually describes what happens when a sound comes to your ears, whether you are giving the sound your attention or not. Listen means that you are deliberately trying to hear a sound. * hear通常表示声音传入耳朵，不管是否留心。listen指想努力听清楚◆She heard them talking to each other(= she became aware of their conversation).她听见他们在说话。◆She listened to them talking to each other(= she was trying to hear what they were saying).她仔细听他们说话的内容。Sometimes hear can have the same meaning as listen.有时hear与listen同义◆Don't decide until you've heard / listened to both sides of the argument.听了双方的论点后再作决定。However, hear is not used in the progressive tenses and is used to talk about a complete action, not an activity; you can hear a radio programme/broadcast/lecture/argument/debate, but if you hear music/the radio you hear it by accident, not because you are deliberately listening.但hear不用于进行时，表示完成了的动作，不表示正在进行的活动，因此可以说hear a radio programme/broadcast/lecture/argument/debate（听电台节目；听广播；听讲座；听争论；听辩论），但hear music/the radio（听音乐；听收音机）则表示无意间听到，而不是特意去听◆I could hear music playing / the radio blaring out in the next room.我听到隔壁房间里正在放音乐／大声放广播。◆He enjoys hearing music.◆'What were you doing?' 'Just hearing the radio.'■ˌpay atˈtention
phrase
(paid, paid)to listen to sb/sth carefully注意听◆Can you all pay attention please?大家注意听，好吗？◆Don't pay any attention to what they say(= don't think that it is important).别在意他们说什么。OPPignore ⇨ ignore■heed [transitive] (formal) to listen to and act on a warning or piece of advice留心，注意，听从（警告或劝告）◆They failed to heed the lessons of history.他们未能吸取历史的教训。◆Calls for more legislation to protect tenants were not heeded.制订更多法规以保障房客利益的呼声没有受到重视。■catch(caught, caught) [transitive] to manage to hear or understand sth听清楚；领会◆Sorry, I didn't quite catch what you said.对不起，你的话我没听清楚。◆Did you catch that show on the radio?你听那个广播节目了吗？ⓘ Catch is used especially in negative sentences to say that sb did not hear or understand sth. * catch尤用于否定句，表示没有听清楚或没有领会。■ˌtune ˈin
phrasal verb
to listen to a radio show or watch a television show收听（广播节目）；收看（电视节目）◆More than five million listeners tuned in to his afternoon radio show.五百多万听众收听了他主持的午后广播节目。ⓘ In slightly more informal language, tune in to sb/sth can mean 'to become aware of other people's thoughts and feelings'.在不太正式的用语中，tune in to sb/sth可以表示觉察到他人的思想情感◆ (ratherinformal) She can understand what babies need by listening to their cries and tuning in to their body language.通过倾听婴儿的哭声和观察他们的肢体语言，她能明白婴儿的需要。
income
noun
➡ See also the entry for ⇨ revenue另见revenue条income ♦︎ wage/wages ♦︎ pay ♦︎ salary ♦︎ earningsThese are all words for money that a person earns or receives for their work.这些词均表示收入、工资、薪水。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆(a) high / low / basic income / wage / wages / pay / salary / earnings◆(a) good income / wage / wages / pay / salary / earnings◆(an) inadequate income / wage / wages / pay / salary◆(a / an) meagre / average income / wage / wages / pay / salary / earnings◆to receive an income / a wage / wages / pay / a salary / earnings◆to get an income / a wage / wages / a salary◆to earn an income / a wage / wages / your pay / a salary◆to pay / give sb an income / a wage / wages / a salary◆to have / live off an income / a wage / wages / a salary / earnings◆to be on an income / a wage / wages / a salary■income [countable, uncountable] money that a person receives for their work, or from investments or business收入；收益；所得◆Organic food is simply not affordable for people on low incomes.低收入者根本买不起有机食品。◆They have a weekly disposable income(= the money that is left to spend after tax) of £200.他们每周有200英镑的可支配收入。◆She is definitely in the higher income bracket.她绝对属于高收入阶层。ⓘ Income is also money received by a company or country from their business or investments. * income也指公司或国家得自商业或投资的收益。 see also income ⇨ revenue, money ⇨ money1■wage [countable] ( wages [plural]) money that employees get for doing their job, usually paid every week（通常按周领取的）工资，工钱◆There are extra benefits for people on low wages.低薪者有额外补助。◆He gets a weekly wage of £300.他周薪300英镑。◆She earns £120 a week, which is nothing like a living wage(= a wage that is high enough for sb to buy the things they need in order to live).她每周挣120英镑，根本不够维持基本生活。◆a minimum wage(= the lowest wage that an employer is allowed to pay by law)法定最低工资■pay [uncountable] money that employees get for doing their job工资；薪水◆Her job is hard work, but the pay is good.她工作虽辛苦，但薪水不低。◆The job offers good rates of pay and excellent conditions.这工作报酬高，条件一流。◆ (BrE) a 3% pay rise百分之三的加薪◆ (NAmE) a 3% pay raise百分之三的加薪 see also pay ⇨ payverb■salary [countable] money that employees get for doing their job, usually paid every month or twice a month（通常按月发放或每月发两次的）薪金，薪水◆He gets a basic salary plus commission.他领取基本薪金，外加佣金。◆What salary band will I be on after two years in the company?在公司工作两年后我的薪水会在哪个等级？NOTE辨析 Wage, pay or salary?Pay is the most general of these three words. Employees who work in factories, shops, etc. get their wages each week. Employees who work in offices or professional people such as teachers or doctors receive a salary that is paid monthly (in Britain) or twice a month (in Canada and the US), but is usually expressed as an annual figure. * pay在这三个词中含义最广。wages指在工厂、店铺等工作的雇员按周领取的工钱。salary指办公室工作人员或教师、医生等专业人员按月领取的薪金（英国每月发放一次，加拿大和美国每月发放两次），但通常以年薪表示◆She's on a(n annual) salary of over $80 000.她年薪超过8万元。■earnings [plural] money that a person earns from their work薪水；工资◆There has been a definite rise in average earnings for factory workers.工厂工人的平均收入有了明显增加。◆She received compensation for loss of earnings caused by the accident.她得到了由于事故造成收入损失的赔偿。 see also earnings ⇨ profit, earn ⇨ make3NOTE辨析 Income or earnings?A person's earnings are money that they have earned for doing a job. They do not include unearned income which the person did nothing to earn, such as interest on a savings account at a bank. An income is typically seen as a regular amount that you can rely on. Earnings are whatever sb manages to earn and may vary from month to month or year to year. * earnings指工作所得的报酬，不包括非劳动所得(unearned income)，例如银行存款的利息等。income一般看作是可靠的固定收入，earnings则可能是非固定收入。