| 例句 |
persecute verb
⇨ harass (The media persecuted him.) ⇨ suppress 1 (a persecuted minority) harass verb ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ threaten 1 另见threaten条第1义harass ♦︎ nag ♦︎ pester ♦︎ hound ♦︎ harry ♦︎ hector ♦︎ persecute ♦︎ go onThese words all mean to annoy sb by repeatedly asking them sth or complaining about sth. 这些词均表示骚扰、烦扰。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to harass / nag / pester / hector / go on at sb about sth◆to hound / pester sb for sth◆to harass / pester / harry sb with sth◆to nag / go on at sb◆to harass / nag / harry / hector sb into doing sth◆to nag / pester / go on at sb to do sth◆to stop harassing / nagging / pestering / hounding / persecuting / going on at sb◆to keep nagging / pestering sb◆to be always nagging / pestering / going on at sb■ harass / /ˈhærəs, həˈræs/ [transitive, often passive] (disapproving) to annoy or worry sb by putting pressure on them, or by saying or doing unpleasant things to them, especially repeatedly over a period of time （尤指持续一段时间地）侵扰，骚扰◆He has complained of being harassed by the police.他投诉受到警方的骚扰。◆The man harassed a neighbour with racist abuse.那男子用带有种族歧视的语言辱骂侵扰邻居。◆There were claims that he sexually harassed female employees.有人声称他对女雇员性骚扰。▸ harassment noun [uncountable] ◆racial / sexual / police harassment种族侵扰；性骚扰；警方侵扰■ nag (-gg-) [transitive, intransitive] (used especially in the progressive tenses 尤用于进行时) (rather informal, disapproving) to keep complaining to sb about their behaviour or keep asking them to do sth, in an annoying way 唠叨；不停地抱怨◆She had been nagging him to mend the gate.她一直唠叨让他把大门修好。◆Stop nagging－I'll do it as soon as I can.别唠叨了－我会尽快做的。◆He's always nagging at her for wearing too much make-up.他总是唠叨说她妆太浓了。■ pester [transitive, intransitive] (rather informal, disapproving) to annoy sb, especially by repeatedly asking them questions or asking them to do sth 打扰；纠缠；烦扰◆Journalists pestered neighbours for information.记者缠着邻居打听消息。◆The kids kept pestering me to buy them ice creams.孩子们老缠着我给他们买冰淇淋。◆Stop pestering!别烦人了！■ hound [transitive] (written, disapproving) to keep following or contacting sb in order to get sth from them or ask them questions 追踪；追逐；纠缠◆They were hounded day and night by the press.他们日夜遭到媒体记者的追踪。■ harry [transitive] (rather formal, written, often disapproving) to repeatedly ask sb questions or ask them to do sth, especially in a way that annoys or upsets them 烦扰；纠缠；折磨◆She has been harried by the press all week.整个星期她都不断受到媒体记者的烦扰。◆The superintendent sent him to harry the forensic lab over the blood tests.警官派他一次又一次地去法医检验室询问验血结果。■ hector /ˈhektə(r)/ / [transitive] (written, disapproving) to try to make sb do sth by talking to them in an aggressive way 威逼；威吓◆Unlike most environmentalists, she doesn't hector us about giving things up.和大多数环保主义者不同，她不会威逼我们放弃某些事物。▸ hectoring adjective ◆a hectoring tone of voice威逼的口气■ persecute /ˈpɜːsɪkjuːt; NAmE ˈpɜːrsɪkjuːt/ [transitive] (disapproving) to deliberately annoy sb all the time and make their life very unpleasant 骚扰；打扰；给⋯找麻烦◆Why are the media persecuting him like this?为什么媒体总这样揪住他不放？■ ˌgo ˈon phrasal verb (goes, went, gone) (especially BrE, rather informal, disapproving) to repeatedly complain to sb about their behaviour, work etc. 唠叨；数落；指责◆She goes on at him continually.她老是数落他。◆Stop going on about it!别再唠叨那件事了！ suppress1 verb suppress a rebellion 镇压叛乱suppress a feeling 压抑感情suppress ♦︎ persecute ♦︎ quell ♦︎ crush ♦︎ put sth down ♦︎ disenfranchise ♦︎ subdue ♦︎ oppress ♦︎ repressThese words all mean to use political or military force to bring a group of people under control, to restrict their rights and freedoms, or to stop them from opposing the authorities. 这些词均表示以政治或军事力量来镇压、压制。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达压制的程度| disenfranchise | ➔ | suppress | ➔ | persecute | | subdue | | quell | | crush | | | put sth down | | | | | oppress | | | | | repress | | |
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to suppress / quell / crush / put down / repress a rebellion◆to suppress / quell / crush / put down a / an uprising / revolt◆to suppress / quell / crush opposition◆to suppress / quell / put down a riot◆to quell / crush / subdue rebels◆a persecuted / a disenfranchised / an oppressed minority / people◆the army / troops / police (are used / called in, etc. to) suppress / quell / crush / put down / subdue sb / sth◆a government suppresses / quells / crushes sb / sth◆to brutally suppress / crush / put down / repress sb / sth◆to ruthlessly suppress / crush / repress sb / sth■ suppress / /səˈpres/ / [transitive] (rather formal, written, disapproving) (of a government or ruler) to stop a group or activity which is opposing or threatening authority, often by force （政府或统治者以武力）镇压，平定，压制◆The regime ruthlessly suppresses all dissent.该政权无情压制所有不同意见。◆Trade union rights were suppressed and casual work became the norm.工会的权益受到压制，临时工成为常态。▸ suppression noun [uncountable] ◆the suppression of a rebellion / free speech对叛乱的镇压；对言论自由的压制■ persecute / /ˈpɜːsɪkjuːt; NAmE ˈpɜːrsɪkjuːt/ [transitive, often passive] (disapproving) (especially of people in power) to treat sb in a cruel and unfair way, especially because of their race, religion or political beliefs （尤指当权者因种族、宗教或政治信仰）迫害，残害，压迫◆Throughout history, people have been persecuted for their religious beliefs.历史上人们一直因宗教信仰而受到迫害。 see also persecution ⇨ repression ■ quell [transitive] (rather formal, written, disapproving) (of a government or the authorities) to stop sth such as violent behaviour or protests, often by force （政府或当局以武力）制止，平息，镇压◆Extra police were called in to quell the disturbances.调集更多警力来平息骚乱。■ crush [transitive] (disapproving, journalism 新闻) (of a government or ruler) to use violent methods to stop people who are opposing authority （政府或统治者用暴力）制伏，镇压◆The army was sent in to crush the rebellion.军队被派去平息叛乱。■ ˌput sth ˈdown phrasal verb (putting, put, put) (disapproving) (of a government or the authorities) to use force to stop sth, such as a group or activity which is opposing authority （政府或当局用武力）镇压，平定◆Troops loyal to the president put down an attempted coup.效忠于总统的军队镇压了一场未遂政变。■ disenfranchise /ˌdɪsɪnˈfræntʃaɪz/ / [transitive] (formal) to take away sb's rights, especially their right to vote 剥夺（某人的）权利（尤指选举权）◆Many disabled people were effectively disenfranchised because of lack of access.由于缺乏机会，很多残疾人的权利实际上被剥夺了。■ subdue / /səbˈdjuː; NAmE səbˈduː/ [transitive] (formal, disapproving) (of a government or the authorities) to bring sb/sth under control, such as a group or activity which is opposing authority, especially by using force （政府或当局用武力）制伏，征服，控制◆Troops were called in to subdue the rebels.军队被调来镇压叛乱者。NOTE 辨析 Suppress, quell, crush, put down or subdue?These words are all disapproving and suggest an unfair use of power. Suppress is the most general word. It can refer to stopping a range of different groups or activities, using different degrees of force from political pressure to physical violence. Quell usually refers to stopping violence, protests, riots, etc. This can be political protests or opposition, or other violence, such as football hooligans. Crush and put down both refer to using force to stop either opposition or protests and riots. Crush suggests the use of particularly violent methods and is used especially in journalism. Subdue is a more formal word to refer to bringing opposition under control, either with immediate action, for example by the police or army, or over a period of time. 这些词均含贬义，指不公正地使用了权力。suppress含义最广，可指不同程度地使用政治压力或武力来压制各种群体或活动；quell通常指平息暴力、抗议或骚乱等，包括政治性抗议或对抗，以及足球流氓滋事之类的其他暴力行为；crush和put down均表示使用武力镇压抗议、对抗或暴乱，crush尤用于新闻语言中，指使用特别粗暴的手段；subdue比较正式，表示把对手置于控制之中，既可指立刻采取行动，如动用警察或军队镇压，也可指行动持续一段时期。■ oppress /əˈpres/ / [transitive] (rather formal, written, disapproving) (especially of people in power) to treat sb in a cruel or unfair way, by not giving them the same rights and freedoms as other people （尤指当权者）压迫，欺压，压制◆The regime is accused of oppressing religious minorities.人们指控这个政权欺压少数宗教信徒。 see also oppression ⇨ repression ■ repress / /rɪˈpres/ / [transitive, often passive] (rather formal, written, disapproving) (of a government or the authorities) to control a group of people and restrict their freedom, especially a group who oppose or threaten authority, by using political or military force （政府或当局用政治或军事力量）压制，镇压◆The government was quick to repress any opposition.政府迅速镇压一切反对势力。 see also repression ⇨ repression NOTE 辨析 Persecute, disenfranchise, oppress or repress? Persecute is the most extreme of these verbs and refers to cruel treatment that can include harming and even killing a group of people because they are different in a way which is considered offensive by others or by those in power. People get persecuted especially because of their race, religion or political beliefs, for example the persecution of the Jews during World War II. Disenfranchise is the least emotional, most descriptive term, and means to take people's rights away, especially their right to vote. Oppress and repress lie between these two, meaning to restrict people's freedom so that they cannot express their opinions, act as they want to, challenge those in power, etc. In general people are oppressed and their activities are repressed. 这几个词中persecute最为极端，指对那些由于与众不同而被认为冒犯了别人或当权者的群体进行残酷迫害，包括伤害甚至杀戮。导致人们遭受迫害的原因尤以种族、宗教或政治信仰为主，例如第二次世界大战时对犹太人的迫害。disenfranchise最少情感色彩、最侧重客观叙述，表示剥夺某人的权利，特别是选举权。oppress和repress介于上述两词之间，表示限制人们的言论、行动以及挑战当权者的自由。通常情况下，压制人用oppress，压制行为用repress。 |