| 例句 |
pick up phrasal verb
⇨ pick sb/sth up (pick up the phone) ⇨ buy (pick up a few bargains) ⇨ get 1 (pick up a cold/£30 in tips) ⇨ get 3 (pick sb up from school) ⇨ improve 2 (The economy is picking up.) ⇨ learn (pick up a language) ⇨ stand 1 (pick yourself up) pick sb/sth up phrasal verb pick sb/sth up ♦︎ lift ♦︎ raise ♦︎ hoist ♦︎ scoop ♦︎ heaveThese words all mean to move sb/sth upwards, or to take hold of sb/sth and move them to a different position. 这些词均表示举起、移开。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to pick / lift / raise / hoist / scoop sb / sth up◆to pick up / lift / hoist / heave a bag / basket◆to pick up / lift / heave a chest / suitcase◆to pick up / lift / hoist / scoop a child / girl / boy◆to pick up / lift the phone / telephone / receiver◆to lift / raise your hand / arm / head / chin / face / eyes / eyebrows◆to pick up / lift / raise sb / sth carefully / gently / gingerly◆to pick sb up / lift sb / scoop sb bodily■ ˌpick sb/sth ˈup phrasal verb to take hold of sb/sth and move them/it up 拿起；举起；抬起◆She went over to the crying child and picked her up.她走到那个哭着的孩子身边，把她抱了起来。◆He picked up the phone and dialled the number.他拿起电话，拨了那个号码。 OPP put sb/sth down ⓘ If you put sb/sth down you stop holding them/it and place them/it on the ground, on a table, etc. * put sb/sth down指把手里抱的人或拿的东西放到地上或桌子上等◆Put that knife down before you hurt somebody!把那刀放下，别伤着人！◆It's a great book. I couldn't put it down (= couldn't stop reading it).这本书太好看了，我爱不释手。 ■ lift [transitive, intransitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常与副词或介词连用) to move sb/sth or be moved to a higher position or level; to take hold of sb/sth and move them/it to a different position （被）抬高，举起；移开◆I lifted the lid of the box and peered in.我掀起箱盖往里看。◆Her eyebrows lifted. 'Apologize? Why?'她眉毛往上一扬：“道歉？为什么？”◆He lifted the suitcase down from the rack.他把手提箱从行李架上搬下来。NOTE 辨析 Pick sb/sth up or lift? Pick sb/sth up is usually used to talk about things and people that are not very heavy. Lift suggests that the person or thing is quite heavy. Lift is also used to talk about moving heavy people or things in different directions. * pick sb/sth up通常用于物或人不是很重的情况。lift则暗含人或物很重之意。lift还指向各种方向移动沉重的人或物◆to lift sth up / down / into sth / from sth搬上／搬下／搬进／移开某物 Pick sb/sth up can only be used to talk about moving a person or thing upwards. * pick sb/sth up仅用于将人或物往上抬或举。 ■ raise [transitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常与副词或介词连用) (especially written) to lift or move sth to a higher level; to move sb/sth/yourself to an upright position 举起；提升；使直立（或站起）◆She raised the gun and fired.她举枪射击。◆He raised a hand in greeting.他扬起手打招呼。◆She raised her eyes from her work.她停下工作，抬起头看了看。◆Somehow we managed to raise him to his feet.我们总算让他站了起来。◆She raised herself up on one elbow.她用一只胳膊肘支起身子。 OPP lower ⓘ To lower sb/sth is to let or make them/it go down. * lower表示把人或物放低或降下◆She lowered her newspaper and looked around.她放低报纸往四下看了看。◆They lowered him down the cliff on a rope.他们用绳索把他放下悬崖。 NOTE 辨析 Lift or raise?If you are talking about moving an object or part of the body to a higher position or level, you can use either word. Raise is slightly more formal and is used more in writing. It is used more to talk about parts of the body; lift is used more to talk about objects. Only lift can be used without an object. 表示将物品或身体部位抬高或举起，这两个词可以通用。raise略显正式，多用于书面语，多指抬起身体部位。lift多用于物品。只有lift可以不带宾语◆Her eyebrows raised. ■ hoist [transitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常与副词或介词连用) to raise or pull sth up to a higher position, often using ropes or special equipment （常用绳子或特殊设备）吊起，拉高◆She hoisted herself onto a high stool.她坐上了一张高凳上。◆The cargo was hoisted aboard by crane.货物由起重机吊上船。■ scoop [transitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to move or lift sb/sth with a quick continuous movement （敏捷地）抱起，拿起，捡起◆He scooped the child up in his arms.他一把抱起孩子。◆She quickly scooped her clothes from the chair.她一把抓起椅子上的衣服。■ heave (heaved, heaved) [transitive, intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to lift, pull or throw sb/sth very heavy with one great effort （用力）举起，拖，拉，抛◆I managed to heave the trunk down the stairs.我用力把箱子拖下楼梯。◆They heaved the body overboard.他们把尸体抛下船。◆He heaved himself out of his armchair.他一使劲从扶手椅上站起来。◆We all heaved on the rope.我们大家一起用力拉绳子。 buy verb buy ♦︎ get ♦︎ purchase ♦︎ acquire ♦︎ shop ♦︎ take ♦︎ pick sth up ♦︎ snap sth upThese words all mean to obtain sth by paying money for it. 这些词均表示买、购买。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to buy sth / get sth / purchase sth / acquire sth / shop / pick sth up / snap sth up for £10, $2 million, etc.◆to buy sth / get sth / go shopping for sb◆to buy / get / purchase / acquire sth from sb / a particular shop◆to buy / get / purchase / acquire / pick up / snap up shares◆to buy / get / purchase / acquire / snap up (a) property / company / house◆to buy / get / purchase / acquire / take goods / a lease◆to buy / get / purchase / acquire land / premises / a site / tickets◆to buy / get / purchase / take a newspaper / magazine◆to get / pick up / snap up a bargain◆to buy sth / purchase sth / acquire sth / pick sth up cheaply■ buy (bought, bought) [transitive, intransitive] to obtain sth by paying money for it; (of money) to be enough to pay for sth 买；购买；（钱）够支付◆I bought this from a friend for £10.这是我从朋友那里花10英镑买来的。◆He bought me a new coat.他给我买了一件新外套。◆If you're thinking of getting a new car, now is a good time to buy.你要是想买辆新车的话，现在正是时候。◆Five pounds doesn't buy much nowadays.如今五英镑买不到多少东西。◆He gave his children the best education that money can buy.他让孩子们接受花钱能买到的最好的教育。 see also buyer ⇨ customer ■ get (getting, got, got; NAmE spoken getting, got, gotten) [transitive, no passive] (rather informal, especially spoken) to obtain sth by paying money for it; to buy sth, for example a newspaper or magazine, regularly 买；购买；定期买（报纸、杂志等）◆Did you get a present for your mother?给你母亲买礼物了吗？◆Did you get your mother a present?给你母亲买礼物了吗？◆You can get the basic model for $100.花100元可以买到这个产品的基本款。◆Which newspaper do you get?你订阅什么报纸？ⓘ Get also has the wider meaning of 'obtain sth', whether you pay money for it or not. * get还泛指得到、获得，无论花钱与否。Compare 比较◆'Where did you get that skirt?' 'I bought it.'“你那条裙子哪儿来的？”“我买的。”◆'Where did you buy / get that skirt?' 'Topshop.'“你那条裙子在哪儿买的？”“Topshop专卖店。” Get is frequently used to mean 'buy', especially in spoken English and when talking about less expensive items, but if you need to make it clear that sb paid money for sth, use buy. * get经常指“买”，尤其在口语中和谈到不太贵的东西时，但如果需要讲明某物是花钱买的，则用buy。 see also get ⇨ get 1 ■ purchase / /ˈpɜːtʃəs; NAmE ˈpɜːrtʃəs/ [transitive] (formal) to buy sth 买；购买；采购◆The equipment can be purchased from your local supplier.这种设备可从您当地的供应商购买。◆Please ensure that you purchase your ticket in advance.请务必提前购票。 see also purchaser ⇨ customer ■ acquire /əˈkwaɪə(r)/ / [transitive] (formal, especially business 尤用于商业) to obtain sth by buying it 购得；买到◆The company has just acquired new premises.公司刚购得新办公楼。◆How did the gallery come to acquire so many Picassos?这家画廊是如何购得这么多毕加索作品的？NOTE 辨析 Purchase or acquire? Acquire is used especially with words relating to business: company, firm, franchise, land, lease, premises, site, stake, subsidiary. Purchase is simply a formal alternative to buy, and can be used with a far wider range of nouns. Acquire can also mean 'obtain sth by being given it'; if you need to make it clear that sb paid money for sth, use buy or purchase. * acquire尤其跟company、firm、franchise、land、lease、premises、site、stake、subsidiary等与商业相关的词连用。purchase只是buy的正式说法，可以跟范围广得多的名词连用。acquire还可指获得、得到；如果需要讲明某物是花钱买的，则用buy或purchase。 see also acquire ⇨ get 1 ■ shop (-pp-) [intransitive] to buy things in shops 去商店买；在商店购物◆We tend to go into Edinburgh to shop for clothes.我们一般去爱丁堡买衣服。◆He likes to shop at the local market.他喜欢到本地市场买东西。ⓘ To go shopping is to spend time going to shops and looking for things to buy. * go shopping的意思是逛商店◆There should be plenty of time to go shopping before we leave New York.我们离开纽约前应该还有充足的时间去逛商店。 see also shopper ⇨ customer ■ take (took, taken) [transitive] to choose to buy sth 选购◆I'll take the grey jacket.我要那件灰色夹克衫。ⓘ In this meaning take is only used when it is clear that you are choosing sth, especially in the phrase I'll take... In the sentence She took the grey jacket, for example, took could be misunderstood to mean stole. Take can also be used as a more formal way of saying get, when it means 'to buy a newspaper or magazine regularly'. 表达此义时，take只用于很明确是挑选东西的场合，尤用于短语I'll take ...。比如，在She took the grey jacket 这句话里，took有可能被误解为偷窃。take表示定期购买某报刊时，是get的较为正式的说法◆ (formal) We take the 'Express'.我们订阅了《快报》。 ■ ˌpick sth ˈup phrasal verb (informal) to buy sth, especially cheaply or by chance （碰巧）买到（便宜的东西）◆We managed to pick up a few bargains at the auction.我们从拍卖场买到了几件便宜货。■ ˌsnap sth ˈup phrasal verb (-pp-) (informal) to buy or obtain sth quickly because it is cheap or you want it very much 抢购；抢先弄到手◆All the best bargains were snapped up within hours.所有最划算的便宜货几小时之内就被抢购一空了。 get1 verb get tickets/a job/some sleep 弄到票；找到工作；睡会儿觉get a letter/shock 收到信；大吃一惊Go and get help. 去找人帮忙。We got there at 9. 我们9点钟到了那里。get the bus 搭公车 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ gain 1 另见gain条第1义get ♦︎ obtain ♦︎ acquire ♦︎ take ♦︎ pick sth up ♦︎ take sth out ♦︎ get hold of sthThese words all mean to do sth in order to make sure you have sth. 这些词均表示得到、获得、获取。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to get / obtain / acquire / take / pick up sth from sb / sth◆to get / obtain / acquire / pick up / get hold of a ticket◆to get / obtain / take out a loan / mortgage / patent◆to get / obtain / take out insurance / cover◆to get / obtain / take water / oil / minerals (from sth)◆to get / obtain / acquire / take / get hold of information◆to get / obtain / take a / an extract / example / sample◆to get / obtain / acquire a licence / permit◆to get / obtain permission / approval / advice◆to get / acquire a reputation / taste for sth■ get (getting, got, got; NAmE spoken getting, got, gotten) [transitive, no passive] (not usually used in the progressive tenses 通常不用于进行时) (rather informal, especially spoken) to do sth in order to make sure you have sth 获得；得到◆Did you manage to get tickets for the concert?你弄到音乐会的票了吗？◆Try to get some sleep.尽量睡会儿吧。◆He has just got a new job.他刚找到一份新工作。◆Did you get a present for your mother?你给你母亲买礼物了吗？◆Did you get your mother a present?你给你母亲买礼物了吗？ see also get ⇨ buy ■ obtain [transitive] (rather formal, especially written) to get sth, especially by making an effort （尤指经努力）获得，赢得◆I finally managed to obtain a copy of the report.我最终设法弄到了这份报告的副本。◆Further details can be obtained by writing to the above address.详情可致信上述地址获取。 see also extract ⇨ pump ■ acquire / /əˈkwaɪə(r)/ / [transitive] (rather formal) to get sth by your own efforts, ability or behaviour; to get sth by being given it （通过努力、能力或行为）获得；得到◆She has acquired a good knowledge of English.她英语已经学得很好。◆He has acquired a reputation for dishonesty.他得到了不老实的名声。◆I have recently acquired a taste for olives.我最近喜欢吃橄榄了。◆How did the gallery come to acquire so many Picassos?那家画廊怎么会得到那么多毕加索的作品？ⓘ Acquire is often used to talk about the way sb starts to look or behave, or when sb starts to like sth. * acquire常用于指某人外表、行为或喜好发生新变化◆to acquire a reputation / bad name / criminal record / tan / look / appearance获得声望／坏名声／犯罪记录；晒成棕褐色；呈现⋯的样子／外观◆to acquire a love of / taste for sth开始喜欢／爱好It can also be used when sb learns a new skill. * acquire还可指学习新的技能。 see also acquire ⇨ buy , acquire ⇨ learn ■ take (took, taken) [transitive] to get sth from a particular source 从⋯中取出；取材于◆The scientists are taking water samples from the river.科学家正从河中采集水样。◆Part of her article is taken straight (= copied) out of my book.她的文章有一部分是直接从我的书中抄来的。◆The machine takes its name from its inventor.该机器是以发明者的名字命名的。ⓘ In this meaning take is often used to talk about people such as scientists or engineers getting samples, specimens, water, cells, minerals, etc. from a particular source. It is also used to talk about getting information, a story, an extract or an example from a larger written text. 表达此义时，take常与sample、specimen、water、cell、mineral等词搭配，指科学家或工程师等从某来源地采集样本。它还可与information、story、extract或example搭配，指从大段书面文字中获取信息、题材，进行摘录或引证。■ ˌpick sth ˈup phrasal verb (rather informal) to get sth 得到；收到◆I picked up a few leaflets when I was out today.我今天出门收到了几张传单。◆I picked up £30 in tips today.我今天收到30英镑的小费。◆I seem to have picked up a terrible cold from somewhere.我似乎从什么地方染上了重感冒。ⓘ Pick sth up is often used to talk about getting sth when you are out somewhere. It is also used to talk about getting money that you have earned or won, and about getting an illness or injury. * pick sth up常指出门在外时得到某物，还可指挣钱或赢钱，以及得病、受伤。 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ suffer from sth for other ways of talking about getting illnesses. 另见suffer from sth条，看表示染病的其他表达方式。 ■ ˌtake sth ˈout phrasal verb (took, taken)to obtain an official document or service 获得，领到（正式文件或服务）◆We had to take out a loan to pay for the car.我们得申请贷款来付汽车款。◆How much does it cost to take out an ad in a newspaper?在报纸上登广告需要花多少钱？ⓘ People typically take out insurance, a pension, a subscription, a loan, a mortgage or an advertisement. * take out一般与insurance、pension、subscription、loan、mortgage或advertisement搭配。■ get ˈhold of sth idiom (getting, got, got)to find sth that you want or need 弄到想要（或所需）的东西◆It's almost impossible to get hold of tickets for the final.几乎不可能弄到决赛的门票。◆How did the press get hold of the story?新闻界是怎么得到这个消息的？ get3 verb get tickets/a job/some sleep 弄到票；找到工作；睡会儿觉get a letter/shock 收到信；大吃一惊Go and get help. 去找人帮忙。We got there at 9. 我们9点钟到了那里。get the bus 搭公车 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ take 1 另见take条第1义get ♦︎ pick sb/sth up ♦︎ fetch ♦︎ collectThese words all mean to go to a place where sb/sth is and bring them/it back. 这些词均表示到某地去接人或取东西。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to get / pick up / fetch / collect sb / sth from sth / somewhere◆to get / pick up / fetch / collect sth for sb◆to get / fetch sb sth◆to go / come to get / pick up / fetch / collect sb / sth◆to go / come and get / fetch sth◆to get / fetch help / a doctor■ get (getting, got, got; NAmE spoken getting, got, gotten) [transitive] (rather informal, especially spoken) to go to a place where sb/sth is and bring them/it back 去取来；去带回◆Could you go upstairs and get my wallet for me, please?能请你上楼帮我把钱包拿来吗？◆Somebody get a doctor!谁去叫个医生过来！◆I have to go and get my mother from the airport.我得去机场接我妈妈。◆Get a drink for John.给约翰拿杯饮料来。◆Get John a drink.给约翰拿杯饮料来。■ ˌpick sb/sth ˈup phrasal verb (rather informal, especially spoken) to go to a place where sb is waiting or sth is ready or has been left for you, and bring them/it back or take them/it somewhere 接（人）；取走（某物）◆Call me from the station and I'll come and pick you up.到车站给我打电话，我来接你。◆We can pick our bags up on the way back.我们可以回来时再取包。ⓘ You might be on foot or in a car when you pick sth up but you always pick sb up in a car. * pick sth up可指步行或开车去取东西，但是pick sb up总是指开车去接人。■ fetch [transitive] (BrE, rather informal, especially spoken) to go to a place where sb/sth is and bring them/it back （去）拿来；（去）请来◆He ran to fetch help.他跑去请人帮忙。◆They have to walk over a mile to fetch water.他们得走1英里多路去取水。◆She's gone to fetch the kids from school.她去学校接孩子了。NOTE 辨析 Get or fetch? Get has a wider range of meaning than fetch: you usually fetch people or things that are in a place and just need to be collected; you can get things that need to be prepared or obtained. * get的意思比fetch更广。fetch一般指只需去某处接人或取东西，get可指得到需要准备或设法弄到的东西◆Fetch John a drink. Fetch is not usually used in American English. * fetch通常不用于美式英语。 ■ collect [transitive] (rather formal) to pick sb/sth up 接（人）；取走（某物）◆They usually collect the rubbish / garbage on a Thursday.他们一般星期四收垃圾。◆Your package is ready to be collected.你的包裹可以领取了。◆ (BrE) What time do you have to collect the children from school?你什么时间要到学校接孩子？ⓘ When you are talking about people, collect is used in British English; in American English it is more usual to say pick sb up. When you are talking about rubbish/garbage collect is the usual word for the regular collection of waste from your house by dustmen/garbage men; pick up can also be used for this in American English, but to pick up rubbish/garbage more often means to bend down and pick up a piece of rubbish/garbage from the ground. 表示接人时，英式英语用collect，美式英语多用pick sb up。表示清洁工人定时上门收垃圾时，一般用collect。在美式英语中表达此义亦可用pick up，但是pick up rubbish/garbage更常指弯腰从地上捡起垃圾。▸ collection noun [uncountable] ◆rubbish / garbage collection垃圾收运 improve2 verb improve your knowledge/chances 增进了解；增加机会 your quality of life improves 生活质量提高 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ develop 1 另见develop条第1义improve ♦︎ get better ♦︎ pick up ♦︎ look upThese words all mean to become better than before. 这些词均表示改善、好转。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to start / begin / continue to improve / get better / pick up / look up◆to fail to improve / get better◆to improve / get better / pick up slowly / gradually / slightly / dramatically■ improve [intransitive] to become better 改善；好转◆His quality of life has improved dramatically since the operation.手术后他的生活质量大大改善了。◆The doctor says she should continue to improve (= after an illness).医生说她还会继续康复。OPP worsen , deteriorate ⇨ worsen ▸ improvement noun [uncountable, countable] ◆Sales figures continue to show signs of improvement.销售额持续显示出增加的迹象。◆an improvement in Anglo-German relations英德关系的改善■ get ˈbetter phrase (getting, got, got; NAmE spoken getting, got, gotten) (often used in the progressive tenses 常用于进行时) (rather informal) to improve 改善；好转◆Things got better after my husband found a job.我丈夫找到工作后情况有了好转。◆It's not an ideal situation, but things can only get better.虽然情况还不理想，但一定会越来越好。◆Our sales seem to be getting better and better.我们的销售额似乎在不断上升。◆Computers are getting better all the time.计算机的性能一直在改进。OPP get worse ⇨ worsen see also get better ⇨ recover 1 ■ ˌpick ˈup phrasal verb (especially of business or the economy) to get better or stronger （尤指生意或经济）改善，好转，增强◆Exports are gradually picking up.出口正逐渐好转。◆Trade usually picks up in the spring.贸易一般在春天回升。◆Sales have picked up 14% this year.今年销售额增长了14%。■ ˌlook ˈup phrasal verb (usually used in the progressive tenses or the infinitive 通常用于进行时或不定式) (rather informal) (of business or a situation) to improve after not being very good （生意或情况经历不景气后）好转，改善◆It had been a bad year, but things were looking up at last.那是糟糕的一年，但情况终于有所好转。 learn verb learn ♦︎ study ♦︎ know ♦︎ acquire ♦︎ do ♦︎ memorize ♦︎ pick sth up ♦︎ master ♦︎ get the hang of sth ♦︎ revise ♦︎ learn/know sth by heart ♦︎ reviewThese words all mean to gain knowledge or skill by studying, from experience or from being taught. 这些词均表示学会知识或技能。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to learn / know / pick up sth from sb / sth◆to study / revise / review (sth) for sth◆to learn / know / memorize / pick up / master / get the hang of what...◆to learn / know / master / get the hang of how...◆to learn / study to be sth◆to learn / study / know / do / pick up / master a language◆to learn / study / know / do / pick up / master French / Arabic, etc.◆to learn / study / know / do / master / revise / review a subject◆to learn / study / do / revise / review geography / biology, etc.◆to learn / acquire / pick up / master a skill◆to learn / do / memorize a poem / speech◆to memorize a number◆to learn / know a poem / speech / number (off) by heart◆to quickly learn / pick up / master sth◆to thoroughly learn / study / master / revise / review sth◆to study / revise hard■ learn (learnt, learnt or learned, learned) [transitive, intransitive] to gain knowledge or skill by studying, from experience or from being taught; to read and repeat sth in order to be able to remember it 学；学习；学会；熟记◆I've forgotten most of what I learned at school.上学时学的东西我大部分都忘记了。◆She's still quite young and she's got a lot to learn.她还年轻，有很多东西要学。◆She's very interested in learning more about Japanese culture.她很想多了解日本文化。◆I'll need to learn how to use the new software.我得要学习怎样使用这种新软件。◆He learned to ride when he was about three years old.他大约三岁时就学会了骑马。◆You'll have to learn your lines (= for an acting part) by next week.你下周前必须把台词背熟。◆Most of the kids here are eager to learn.这里的大多数孩子都很好学。◆All children learn through play (= by playing).所有孩子都从玩耍中学习。◆We have to learn one of Hamlet's speeches for school tomorrow.我们明天上学得背诵哈姆雷特的一段台词。 see also learning ⇨ education noun ■ study [intransitive, transitive] to spend time learning about a subject by reading, doing research or going to school or college 学习；攻读◆Michael studied at Sussex University.迈克尔曾就读于萨塞克斯大学。◆He sat up very late that night, studying.那天晚上他学习到深夜。◆As a young composer he studied under Nadia Boulanger (= Nadia Boulanger taught him to be a composer).他年轻时师从纳迪亚•布朗热学习作曲。◆Did you ever study any sciences?你是否曾学习过自然科学？◆She's studying to be an architect.她在学建筑。ⓘ In American English study is the usual word for talking about preparing for a test or exam. 在美式英语中，复习备考通常用study◆I have two tests tomorrow, and I've barely had time to study.明天我要参加两个测验，可我几乎没有时间复习功课。◆I was up late studying for my biology final.我熬夜复习功课，准备生物学期末考试。In British English the usual word for this is revise. 在英式英语中，表达此义通常用revise。 see also study ⇨ education noun ■ know (knew, known) [transitive] to have learned a skill or language; to have gained knowledge of sth 学会，掌握，熟悉（技能或语言）◆Do you know how to use spreadsheets?你知道怎样使用电子数据表吗？◆Do you know any Japanese?你会日语吗？◆He knows this city better than anyone.他比任何人都要熟悉这座城市。 see also knowledge ⇨ knowledge ■ acquire / /əˈkwaɪə(r)/ / [transitive] (formal) to gain knowledge or a skill 获得，得到（知识或技能）◆She has acquired a good knowledge of English.她英语已经学得很好了。◆He decided to put his newly acquired skills to the test.他决定尝试一下自己新学到的技巧。 see also acquire ⇨ get 1 ▸ acquisition / /ˌækwɪˈzɪʃn/ / noun [uncountable] ◆theories of child language acquisition儿童语言习得理论■ do (does, did, done) [transitive] to study a subject, topic, book, etc., especially as a class at school or college 学习，研究（尤指参加学校的课程）◆I'm doing physics, chemistry and biology.我在学习物理、化学和生物。◆Have you done any (= studied anything by) Keats?你研究过济慈的作品吗？■ memorize ( memorise) / /ˈmeməraɪz/ / [transitive] to learn sth carefully so that you can remember it exactly 记住◆She had memorized his phone number.她已经记住了他的电话号码。◆Each night I tried to memorize long lists of verbs.每天晚上我都努力把一长串一长串的动词记起来。 see also memory ⇨ memory ■ ˌpick sth ˈup phrasal verb (rather informal) to get information or gain a skill by chance, without making a deliberate effort （偶然）得到，听到，学会◆I picked up one or two words of Thai while I was on vacation.度假期间我学了一两句泰语。◆This is a tip I picked up from my mother.这个窍门是我从我妈那里学来的。■ master /ˈmɑːstə(r); NAmE ˈmæstər/ [transitive] to learn or understand sth thoroughly 精通；掌握◆Once you've mastered the basics, you can begin to experiment a little.一旦你掌握了基本原理，就可以开始做一些尝试了。■ get the ˈhang of sth idiom (getting, got, got; NAmE spoken getting, got, gotten) (informal) to learn how to do or use sth 掌握⋯的要领；了解⋯的方法◆It seems tricky at first but you'll soon get the hang of it.刚开始似乎很难对付，不过很快你就能掌握其要领。◆I never quite got the hang of riding a bike.我一直没能掌握骑自行车的要领。■ revise [intransitive, transitive] (BrE) to prepare for an exam by looking again at sth you have studied and reminding yourself of what you have learned 复习；温习◆I can't come out tonight－I'm revising.我今晚不能出去，我在复习。◆She's revising for her exams at the moment.目前她正在复习备考。◆Have you revised geography yet?你复习完地理了吗？▸ revision noun [uncountable] ◆Have you started your revision yet?你开始复习了吗？■ learn sth by ˈheart■ know sth by ˈheart idiom (learnt, learnt or learned, learned; knew, known)to learn and be able to remember sth such as a poem or set of facts exactly 背熟；记住◆He was told to learn the passage by heart.他被告知要把这段文章背熟。◆ (BrE) I had dialled the number so often that I knew it off by heart.这个号码我拨过很多次，都记住了。■ review [transitive, intransitive] (especially NAmE) to look again at sth you have learned or studied, especially in order to prepare for a test （尤指为备考而）温习，复习◆Take a little time to review your notes the evening before.前一天晚上你可以花点时间把笔记复习一下。ⓘ If you are talking about an individual student, review must take an object. 以单个学生作主语时，review后面必须接宾语◆I need to review for my math final. Use study instead. 但这种情况可以用study◆I need to study for my math final.我需要温习功课，准备数学期末考试。However, if you are talking about a teacher leading the class in a review, review can be used with or without an object. 但如果是指老师带领全班同学复习功课，review后面接不接宾语均可◆I think it would be a good idea to review the material in chapter 10.我觉得复习第10章的内容是个好主意。◆Next week we're going to be reviewing for the final.下周我们要复习，准备期末考试。 ▸ review noun [countable, uncountable] ◆I should have time for a quick review of my notes before the test.测验前我应该有时间把笔记过一遍。◆We'll have time at the end of class for review.接近下课时我们会有时间进行复习。 stand1 verb stand by the window 靠窗站着I can't stand it when you do that. 你那样做，我忍受不了。 ➡ See also the entries for ⇨ lie verb and ⇨ sit 另见lie动词词条和sit条stand ♦︎ get up ♦︎ stand up ♦︎ rise ♦︎ get to your feet ♦︎ be on your feet ♦︎ pick yourself upThese words all mean to be in an upright position with your weight on your feet, or to put yourself in this position. 这些词均表示站立、起立。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to get up / stand up / rise / pick yourself up from sth■ stand (stood, stood) [intransitive] to be in an upright position with your weight on your feet; to put yourself in this position 站立；直立；站起来；起立◆She was too weak to stand.她虚弱得站都站不住。◆He was standing on a chair, trying to change a light bulb.他站在椅子上，想要换个灯泡。◆Stand still when I'm talking to you!我跟你说话时你站着别动！◆The kids were standing around chatting.孩子们分散在各处站着闲聊。◆Everyone stood when the president entered the room.总统进屋时每个人都站了起来。ⓘ Stand is usually used with an adverb or prepositional phrase to show where or how sb stands, but sometimes another phrase or clause is used to show what sb does while they are standing. * stand通常与副词或介词短语连用，表明站立的地点或姿势，但有时用另一个短语或从句来表示站着做某事◆We stood talking for a few minutes.我们站着谈了几分钟。◆He stood and looked out to sea.他站着遥望大海。 OPP sit ⇨ sit ■ ˌget ˈup phrasal verb (getting, got, got; NAmE spoken getting, got, gotten)to get into a standing position from a sitting, kneeling or lying position 起身；站起；起来◆He got up and strolled over to the window.他站起身来，溜达到了窗口。◆Please don't get up!请不要起立！OPP sit down ⇨ sit ■ ˌstand ˈup phrasal verb (stood, stood)to be in a standing position; to stand after sitting 站立；站起；起立◆Stand up straight!站直了！◆He stood up and put on his coat.他起身穿上外套。OPP sit , sit down ⇨ sit NOTE 辨析 Stand, get up or stand up? Stand usually means 'to be in a standing position' but can also mean 'to get into a standing position'. Stand up can be used with either of these meanings, but its use is more restricted: it is used especially when sb tells sb or a group of people to stand. Get up is the most frequent way of saying 'get into a standing position', and this can be from a sitting, kneeling or lying position; if you stand up, this is nearly always after sitting, especially on a chair. If you want to tell sb politely that they do not need to move from their chair use get up. * stand通常表示站立、直立，但也可表示站起来、起立。stand up可用于上述两种含义，但其用法较受限制，尤用于让某人或一些人起立的场合。get up是表示站起来的最常用的说法，可指从坐、跪或躺的姿势站起身来；stand up几乎总是指从坐的姿势，特别是从椅子上站立起来。如果想礼貌地告诉某人不必起立，就用get up◆Please don't stand up! ■ rise (rose, risen) [intransitive] (formal) to get into a standing position from a sitting, kneeling or lying position 起身；站起；起来◆They rose from the table.他们从餐桌旁站了起来。◆She rose to her feet.她站起身来。■ ˌget to your ˈfeet phrase (getting, got, got; NAmE spoken getting, got, gotten) (written) to stand up after sitting, kneeling or lying 站起身；起立◆I helped her to get to her feet.我帮她站了起来。■ be on yourˈ feet phrase to be standing up 站着；直立◆I've been on my feet all day.我一整天没歇脚了。■ ˌpick yourself ˈup phrasal verb to stand up again after you have fallen （跌倒后）站起来◆He just picked himself up and went on running.他爬起来继续跑。◆She picked herself up off the dusty ground.她从那布满灰尘的地上爬了起来。 |