reign verb ⇨rule1 (reign over a country)⇨take over (reign supreme)reign noun ⇨government1
rule1
verb
rule a country统治国家The court/judge ruled that...法庭／法官裁定⋯rule ♦︎ govern ♦︎ be in power ♦︎ reignThese words all mean to control a country or an area and its people.这些词均表示统治、控制、治理。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to rule / reign over sth◆to rule / govern a country◆a (political) party rules / governs / is in power◆a king / queen / monarch rules / reigns◆a ruling / governing party / coalition / class / elite■rule [transitive, intransitive] to control and have authority over a country or area and its people控制；统治；支配◆The country was ruled by a brutal dictatorship.这个国家当时处在残暴的独裁统治下。◆The family ruled London's gangland in the sixties.这个家族在20世纪60年代控制着伦敦的黑社会。◆Charles I ruled for eleven years.查理一世统治了十一年。◆She once ruled over a vast empire.她曾统治一个庞大的帝国。 see also rule ⇨ controlnoun, ruler ⇨ king■govern [transitive, intransitive] to legally control a country or area and be responsible for introducing new laws organizing public services, managing the economy and directing foreign policy统治；治理◆The PCP had governed the province for 23 years.葡萄牙共产党曾统治该省23年。◆He accused the opposition party of being unfit to govern.他指责反对党无力治理国事。 see also government ⇨ government12NOTE辨析 Rule or govern?A government or party which governs a country or area has legal political control and has usually been elected. Rule is more often used to talk about an individual who has political power but has not been elected, such as a king or queen, an emperor, dictator or military ruler. It can also be used about a small group of people who exercise power over the rest of the country, sometimes in a less direct way: in this meaning it is often used like an adjective. * govern指一国政府或党派对国家或地区进行法定的治理，执政的政府或政党通常是通过选举产生。rule较常指拥有政治权力但非经由民选的个人实施统治，如国王或女王、皇帝、独裁者或军事统治者等。rule也指一小群人有时以不太直接的方式对其他国民行使权力，表达此义时，rule常像形容词一样使用◆the ruling party / coalition / classes / elite执政党／联盟；统治阶级／精英■be in power
phrase
to have political control of a country or area统治；执政◆The present regime has been in power for two years.现政权已经执政两年了。■reign / /reɪn/ / [intransitive] to rule a country as a king, queen or emperor统治；为王；为君◆Queen Victoria reigned from 1837 to 1901.维多利亚女王自1837年至1901年在位。◆It was the first visit by a British reigning monarch to Russia.这是英国君主首次访问俄罗斯。 see also reign ⇨ government1
take over,
take sth over
phrasal verb
take (sth) over ♦︎ dominate ♦︎ monopolize ♦︎ reign ♦︎ hog ♦︎ cornerThese words all mean to have or take control of sth, especially replacing sb/sth else or preventing sb/sth else from sharing it.这些词均表示控制、接管、垄断。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to take over / dominate / monopolize / corner the market◆to take over / dominate / monopolize an industry◆to take over / dominate / monopolize the conversation◆a company takes over / dominates / monopolizes / corners a market, industry, etc.■ˌtake ˈover■ˌtake sth ˈover
phrasal verb
(took, taken)to gain control of or responsibility for sth, especially in place of sb else; to gain control of a political party or country接替；接任；控制，接管（政党或国家）◆He took over as chairman last year.他去年接任董事长职务。◆She took over the tenancy of the farm from her father.她从父亲手中承租了农场。◆The army is threatening to take over if civil unrest continues.军方扬言如果内乱继续就实行军管。▸takeover
noun
[countable] ◆a takeover bid for the company出价收购这家公司■dominate / /ˈdɒmɪneɪt; NAmEˈdɑːmɪneɪt/ [transitive, intransitive] (oftendisapproving) to control sb/sth or be the most important person, group or thing in a particular situation or area, especially in an unpleasant way（尤指霸道地）支配，控制，左右◆As a child he was dominated by his father.他小时候由父亲主宰一切。◆United completely dominated the first half of the game.联队完全控制了上半场比赛。◆She always says a lot in meetings, but she doesn't dominate.她在会上总是滔滔不绝，但她左右不了局面。 see also dominant ⇨ powerful▸domination
noun
[uncountable] ◆The country is still under foreign domination.那个国家仍受外国统治。◆The film is about a mad professor set on world domination.影片讲的是一个疯狂的教授想统领世界的故事。■monopolize (BrE alsomonopolise) /məˈnɒpəlaɪz; NAmEməˈnɑːpəlaɪz/ [transitive] (oftendisapproving) to have or take control of the largest part of sth, so that other people are prevented from sharing it; to have or take a large part of sb's attention or time独占；垄断；包办；占去（某人大部分注意力或时间）◆Men traditionally monopolized jobs in the printing industry.传统上，男人包揽了印刷行业的所有工作。◆As usual, she completely monopolized the conversation.像往常一样，她完全主宰了这次谈话。◆Don't let him monopolize you like he did at the last party.别让他像上次聚会那样缠着你不放。■reign /reɪn/ / [intransitive] to be the best or most important person, group or thing in a particular situation or area of skill成为最佳；是最重要的◆A handful of families have reigned over Bangkok's economy for many years.少数几个家族统治曼谷经济多年。◆In the field of classical music, he still reigns supreme.在古典音乐领域，他仍然是最杰出的。◆She will face the reigning champion in her first round match.在第一轮比赛中，她将面对上届的冠军。■hog(-gg-) [transitive] (ratherinformal, disapproving) to use or keep most of sth yourself and prevent others from using or having it多占；独占◆She preferred to keep in the background rather than hogging the limelight(= trying to get lots of public attention).她喜欢待在幕后，不喜欢受到太多的关注。◆Helen's always hogging the bathroom(= spends a long time in it so that others cannot use it).海伦总是长时间占用浴室。■corner [transitive] to gain control of the trade in a particular type of goods or services垄断（某种商品或服务）◆The firm has cornered the UK computer market.这家公司垄断了英国计算机市场。◆They've cornered the market in silver.他们垄断了白银市场。ⓘ Market is by far the most frequent collocate of corner in this meaning.表达此义时，corner最常与market搭配。
government1
noun
the British government英国政府strong government严厉的统治government ♦︎ administration ♦︎ regime ♦︎ cabinet ♦︎ reign ♦︎ parliament ♦︎ the executiveThese are all words for a group of people who govern a country or the period for which they govern.这些词均表示政府、内阁或其任期。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆under a government / an administration / a regime / sb's reign◆the former / previous / current government / administration / regime◆the central / local / national government / administration◆a left-wing / right-wing / communist / fascist government / administration / regime◆a / an authoritarian / totalitarian / repressive / military / revolutionary government / regime◆to elect a government / an administration◆to form a government / an administration / a cabinet◆to bring down / overthrow a government / an administration / a regime◆a government / an administration / a regime comes to power◆a government / an administration takes office / is in office■government [countable + singular or plural verb] (often常作the government [singular]) the group of people who are responsible for controlling a country or state政府；内阁◆The government has been considering further tax cuts.政府一直在考虑进一步减税的问题。◆She has resigned from the government.她已辞去内阁职位。◆The interests of the state should not be confused with the interests of the government of the day(= the people in government at a particular time).不应混淆国家利益和当时政府的利益。 see also govern ⇨ ruleverb1■administration [countable + singular or plural verb] the government of a country; the period for which it governs政府；政府的任期◆The current administration will remain in office until elections in November.现任政府仍将执政，直至11月的选举为止。◆He was Secretary of Education in Bush's first administration(= first period as president).他是布什政府第一任期的教育部长。NOTE辨析 Government or administration?Administration is used especially about a government that is led by a president, and especially the US government. It usually refers to the government of a particular president or the period for which this lasts. * administration尤指总统领导的政府，尤其是美国政府，常指某总统领导的政府或其任期◆during / under the Reagan / Clinton / Bush Administration里根／克林顿／布什执政时期◆during/under the Reagan/Clinton/Bush governmentIt is not usually used to refer to the institution or process of government which remains the same while presidents and administrations change. * administration通常不指政府机构或办事程序，因为机构或程序不随总统及政权的更迭而改变◆Approximately 2.7 million people are employed by the federal government.联邦政府雇用了大约2 700万人。◆employed by the federal administrationIn countries where the government is led by a prime minister, with more limited powers than a president－especially the United Kingdom－the word government is usually preferred. * government较常指首相领导的政府，尤其是英国政府。这些政府里，首相的权力比总统小◆the Thatcher / Major / Blair / Brown government撒切尔／梅杰／布莱尔／布朗政府◆government employees政府职员To use the word administration after the name of the prime minister can sometimes suggest disapproval of the prime minister for trying to act like a president.在首相名字后使用administration有时具有贬义，暗指其欲像总统般行事。■regime / /reɪˈʒiːm/ / [countable] the government of a country, especially one that has not been elected in a fair way（尤指未通过公正选举的）政权，政体◆She was imprisoned because of her opposition to the regime.她因反对该政权而入狱。◆They are investigating human rights abuses under the previous military regime.他们正在调查前军事政权侵犯人权的情况。 see also leadership ⇨ management■cabinet ( Cabinet) / /ˈkæbɪnət/ / [countable + singular or plural verb] a group of the most important government ministers, or advisers to a president, responsible for advising and deciding on government policy内阁◆Several cabinet ministers have been implicated in the scandal.几个内阁部长卷入了丑闻之中。◆The issue was discussed at yesterday's cabinet meeting.昨天的内阁会议讨论了这个问题。◆She lost her position as Health Minister in a recent cabinet reshuffle(= change).在最近的内阁改组中，她丢掉了卫生部长的位子。◆He is a member of the Shadow Cabinet(= senior politicians of the party not in government).他是影子内阁的成员。■reign / /reɪn/ / [countable] the period during which a king, queen, emperor, etc. rules君主统治时期◆The house was built during the reign of Henry VIII.那栋房子是亨利八世统治时期建造的。◆By the end of his reign, the vast empire was in decline.在他统治末期，庞大的帝国走向衰落。 see also reign ⇨ ruleverb1■parliament [countable, uncountable] a period during which a parliament is working; parliament as it exists between one general election and the next一届议会的任期；（两次大选之间的）一届议会◆We are now into the second half of the parliament.我们现已进入本届议会的后半任期。◆The prime minister unexpectedly dissolved parliament(= formally ended its activities) and called a general election.首相突然解散了议会并下令举行大选。◆The legislation is expected to be introduced early in the next session of parliament.那部法规预计会在议会的下次会期早些时候提交讨论。 see also parliament ⇨ assembly■the executivethe part of a government responsible for putting laws into effect（政府的）行政部门◆The constitution calls for a separation of the powers of the executive, the legislature and the judiciary.宪法要求行政机关、立法机关和司法机关权力分离。 see also legislature ⇨ assembly