| 例句 |
plan noun
⇨ plan 1 (an action plan) ⇨ plan 2 (a seating plan) ⇨ map (a street plan) ⇨ purpose (no plans to do sth)plan verb
⇨ plan (plan a garden/an essay) ⇨ intend (They plan to arrive some time after three.) ⇨ organize (plan a campaign)plan1 noun an action plan 行动方案a seating plan 座位图 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ proposal 另见proposal条plan ♦︎ programme ♦︎ policy ♦︎ scheme ♦︎ strategy ♦︎ initiative ♦︎ platform ♦︎ manifestoThese are all words for a set of things you do in order to achieve sth, that you consider in advance. 这些词均表示计划、方案。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a plan / a programme / a policy / a scheme / a strategy / an initiative / a platform / a manifesto for sth◆a policy / a strategy / an initiative on sth◆a plan / a programme / a policy / a scheme / a strategy / an initiative to do sth◆a comprehensive / coherent plan / programme / policy / scheme / strategy◆a detailed plan / programme / strategy / manifesto◆a major programme / scheme / strategy / initiative◆a long-term / short-term plan / programme / policy / strategy◆an economic plan / programme / policy / strategy / initiative◆a political programme / strategy / initiative / platform / manifesto◆a government programme / policy / scheme / strategy / initiative◆a training plan / programme / policy / scheme / strategy / initiative◆to have / propose / adopt a plan / policy / scheme / strategy◆to develop a plan / a programme / a policy / a strategy / an initiative◆to draw up a plan / programme / scheme / strategy / manifesto◆to approve / announce a plan / a policy / a scheme / an initiative◆to implement a plan / programme / policy / scheme / strategy / manifesto◆to launch a plan / a programme / a scheme / an initiative / a manifesto◆to carry out a plan / programme / policy / scheme / strategy■ plan [countable] a set of things to do in order to achieve sth, especially one that has been considered in detail in advance （详细）规划，方案；精心安排◆The government has announced plans to create 50 000 new training places.政府已经宣布增加5万个培训名额的计划。◆You will need a clear and realistic business plan.你得有一个明确且可行的商业计划。◆an action plan行动方案◆a plan of action / campaign行动／运动方案◆We need to make plans for the future.我们必须规划未来。◆Let's hope everything goes according to plan.但愿一切都会按计划进行。 see also plan ⇨ purpose noun , plan ⇨ organize verb ■ programme (BrE) (NAmE program) [countable] a plan of things that will be done over a period of time or included in the development of sth 计划；方案；活动安排◆We were asked to devise a training programme for new employees.要求我们作个新员工培训方案。◆The new programme is designed to encourage investment in the region.这个新方案旨在促进对该地区的投资。■ policy [countable, uncountable] a plan of action to deal with an issue, that is agreed or chosen by a government, a political party, a business, etc. 政策；方针◆The party's new policy on education has yet to be revealed.该党的教育新政策还未公开。◆We should not let such concerns influence our economic policies.我们不应让这些担忧影响我们的经济政策。◆We operate a strict no-smoking policy.我们严格执行无烟政策。◆What aspects of foreign policy would you like to see changed?你希望外交政策在哪些方面进行变革？■ scheme / /skiːm/ / [countable] (especially BrE) a plan or system for doing or organizing sth, especially one providing a service for people （尤指提供服务的）计划，方案，体系◆Over 10 000 people joined the training scheme.1万多人参加了培训。◆Under the new scheme only successful schools will receive extra funding.在新体制下，只有办得好的学校才会获得额外经费。ⓘ The use of the word scheme to talk about an official plan by a government or large organization is mainly British English. In American English, scheme often suggests a plan that is unlikely to work or is slightly dishonest. * scheme表示政府或大型机构的正式规划，这种用法主要用于英式英语中。在美式英语中，scheme常意为不太可能实现或有点骗人成分的计划◆Is this just another of your crazy schemes?这不会是你又一个疯狂的计谋吧？ ■ strategy / /ˈstrætədʒi/ / [countable, uncountable] a plan that is intended to achieve a particular purpose, especially over a long period of time; the process of planning sth or carrying out a plan in a skilful way 策略；计策；策划◆What strategies will you use to achieve this goal?你们将采取什么策略实现这一目标呢？◆Agreeing to meet the rebels is obviously a high-risk strategy.同意和叛乱分子会面这一对策无疑风险很高。◆Poor marketing strategy was blamed for the failure of the service to catch on.营销策略不当被认为是该业务没能打开局面的原因。 see also tactic ⇨ tactic ■ initiative / /ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/ / [countable] a new plan for dealing with a particular problem or for achieving a particular purpose 倡议；新方案◆Government leaders are meeting to discuss the latest peace initiative.各国政府首脑正开会讨论最新的和平倡议。■ platform [countable] the aims of a political party and the things they say they will do if they are elected to power （政党的）纲领，政纲，宣言◆She campaigned on a platform of zero tolerance towards racist behaviour.她的竞选纲领是对种族主义行为采取零容忍的态度。■ manifesto /ˌmænɪˈfestəʊ; NAmE ˌmænɪˈfestoʊ/ (plural manifestos) [countable] a written statement in which a group of people, especially a political party, explain their beliefs and say what they will do if they win an election （尤指政党的）宣言◆You should stick to the promises in your party manifesto.你应该遵守你入党宣言中所作的承诺。 plan2 noun an action plan 行动方案a seating plan 座位图plan ♦︎ draft ♦︎ design ♦︎ blueprintThese are all words for a drawing or diagram that shows how sth will be when it is built, made or arranged. 这些词均表示设计图、分布图。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a plan / draft / design / blueprint of sth◆a plan / design / blueprint for sth◆a detailed / rough plan / draft / design◆the final plan / draft / design / blueprint◆the original / first plan / draft / design◆an initial draft / design◆an early draft / blueprint◆to draw up / produce a plan / draft / design■ plan [countable] a detailed drawing of sth such as a building or machine that shows its size, shape and measurements; a diagram that shows how sth will be arranged （建筑物或机器的）设计图，平面图；分布图◆Enemy spies stole the plans for the new aircraft.敌方间谍盗走了新型飞机的设计图。◆Who was responsible for the seating plan (= a plan of where people will sit)?谁负责制作座位图？◆The floor plan (= showing how furniture etc. is arranged in a room) is very simple.房间的平面图很简单。■ draft [countable] a rough written version or drawing of sth, showing how it will be written, built or made 草稿；草案；草图◆This is only the first draft of my speech.这只是我演讲的初稿。◆The original drafts for the new building are with the architects.新楼的原始草图在建筑师手里。ⓘ A draft is usually not yet in its final form and may have changes made to it. The word is especially used to describe an early version of a piece of writing such as a letter, speech or book. * draft通常不是终稿，会有改动，尤指信件、演讲或书的初稿。 see also draft ⇨ prepare verb 1 ■ design [countable] a drawing or plan from which sth will be made 设计图◆The design for the new model is top secret.新型号产品的设计图是绝密。◆The original designs were stolen.原始设计图被盗了。■ blueprint / /ˈbluːprɪnt/ / [countable] a photographic print of a plan for a building or machine （建筑或机器的）蓝图◆The watch was designed according to a 19th century blueprint.该款手表是按照19世纪的蓝图设计而成的。 map noun map ♦︎ plan ♦︎ atlas ♦︎ chart ♦︎ globeThese are all words for a drawing of the earth's surface or a part of it, showing countries, towns, rivers, etc. 这些词均表示地图。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆on a map / plan / chart / globe◆a / an detailed / accurate map / plan / chart◆a simple / rough map / plan◆a large-scale / small-scale map / plan / atlas / chart◆a street / route map / plan / atlas◆a road / world map / atlas◆to look at / consult a map / a plan / an atlas / a chart◆to read a map / chart◆to find sth on a map / a plan / a chart / the globe◆to draw a map / plan / chart◆a map / a plan / an atlas / a chart shows sth■ map [countable] a drawing of the earth's surface or part of it, showing countries, towns, rivers, etc. 地图◆a map of the world世界地图◆I'll draw you a map of how to get to my house.我给你画一张到我家的路线图。■ plan [countable] a map of a building, town or city, especially a detailed one （建筑或城镇的）地图，详图◆Do you have a plan of the museum?你有博物馆的详图吗？◆We asked for street plan of the city.我们要求得到该市的街道图。■ atlas / /ˈætləs/ / [countable] a book of maps 地图册；地图集◆Do you have a road atlas of the UK?你有英国交通地图册吗？■ chart [countable] a detailed map of the sea 海图；航海图◆There are no charts available for this part of the ocean.这部分海域还没有海图。■ globe [countable] an object shaped like a ball with a map of the world on its surface, usually on a stand so that it can be turned 地球仪◆Find Laos on the globe.在地球仪上找出老挝。 purpose noun ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ target 另见target条purpose ♦︎ aim ♦︎ intention ♦︎ plan ♦︎ point ♦︎ idea ♦︎ intentThese are all words for talking about what sb/sth intends to do or achieve. 这些词均表示意图、目标。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆with the purpose / aim / intention / idea / intent of doing sth◆sb's purpose / aim / intention / plan / intent that...◆sb's intention / plan / intent to do sth◆sb / sth's original purpose / aim / intention / plan / idea / intent◆a specific purpose / aim / intention / plan / intent◆the whole point / idea◆to have a purpose / an aim / an intention / a plan / a point / an intent◆to state your purpose / aim / intention◆to declare your aim / intention / intent◆to achieve / fulfil a purpose / an aim■ purpose [countable] what sth is supposed to achieve; what sb is trying to achieve 意图；目的；目标◆The main purpose of the campaign is to raise money.这次活动的主要目的是募集资金。◆A meeting was called for the purpose of appointing a new treasurer.为任命新的财务主管召开了一次会议。◆ (rather formal) He did not want anything to distract him from his purpose.他不想让任何事情转移他的注意力，使他偏离自己的目标。■ aim [countable] what sb is trying to achieve; what sth is supposed to achieve 目的；目标；意图◆She went to London with the aim of finding a job.她抱着想找份工作的目的去了伦敦。◆Our main aim is to increase sales in Europe.我们的主要目标是增加欧洲的销售额。◆She set out the company's aims and objectives in her speech.她在讲话中阐明了公司的目标和宗旨。 see also aim ⇨ intend verb NOTE 辨析 Purpose or aim?Your purpose for doing something is your reason for doing it; your aim is what you want to achieve. Aim can suggest that you are only trying to achieve sth; purpose gives a stronger sense of achievement being certain. Aim can be sb's aim or the aim of sth. Purpose is more usually the purpose of sth: you can talk about sb's purpose but that is more formal. * purpose指做某事的原因，aim指想取得的成果。aim可能表示“只是努力想做到”，而purpose则意味着更强的达成目标的信心。可以说sb's aim，也可以说the aim of sth。the purpose of sth较常见，也可以说sb's purpose，但较正式。■ intention [countable] what you intend to do 意图；计划；打算◆I have no intention of going to the wedding.我无意去参加婚礼。◆He has announced his intention to retire.他宣布了退休的打算。◆I have every intention of paying her back what I owe her.我一心想把我欠她的还给她。◆She's full of good intentions but they rarely work out.她虽然处处出于善意，但往往事与愿违。 see also intend ⇨ intend ■ plan [countable] what you intend to do or achieve 计划；打算◆Do you have any plans for the summer?这个夏天你有什么打算吗？◆There are no plans to build new offices.没有建新办公楼的计划。◆There's been a change of plan.计划有变。◆We can't change our plans now.我们现在不能改变计划了。 see also plan ⇨ plan noun 1 , plan ⇨ intend verb NOTE 辨析 Intention or plan?Your intentions are what you want to do, especially in the near future; your plans are what you have decided or arranged to do, often, but not always, in the longer term. * intention指想要做的事，尤指近期打算；plan指已经决定或安排去做的事情，常常是长期的计划，但是也有例外。■ point [uncountable, singular] (rather informal, usually disapproving) the purpose or aim of sth 意图；目的；理由◆What's the point of all this violence?这一切的暴力行为有什么意义？◆There's no point in getting angry.发火是没有用的。◆I don't see the point of doing it all again.我就不明白，再做一次有什么意义。■ idea [singular] (rather informal) the purpose of sth; sb's aim 意图；目标◆The whole idea of going was so that we could meet her new boyfriend.去的唯一目的是我们能见到她的新男友。◆What's the idea of all this?这一切的目的是什么？◆My original idea was to use amateur actors.我原本打算用业余演员。NOTE 辨析 Point or idea? Point is a more negative word than idea. If you say What's the point...? you are suggesting that there is no point; if you say What's the idea...? you are genuinely asking a question. Point, but not idea, is used to talk about things you feel annoyed or unhappy about. * point比idea多几分否定意义。What's the point ...?表示做某事毫无道理，What's the idea ...?则是真正的询问。point用于描述让人生气或不快的事情，但idea则不行◆There's no idea in... ◆I don't see the idea of... You might miss the point of sth (= fail to understand) but get the idea (= understand). You can talk about the point/idea of sth or sb's idea but not sb's point. * miss the point of sth意为“不明白”，get the idea意为“理解”。可以说the point/idea of sth，也可以说sb's idea，但不能说sb's point◆My original point was to use amateur actors. ■ intent / /ɪnˈtent/ / [uncountable] (formal or law 法律) what you intend to do 意图；目的◆She denies possessing the drug with intent to supply.她否认藏有毒品是为了供他人使用。◆He was charged with wounding with intent.他被指控故意伤人。 plan verb plan ♦︎ make ♦︎ design ♦︎ formulateThese words all mean to prepare sth or make a design for sth. 这些词均表示计划、设计。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to plan / make / design / formulate sth to do sth◆to plan / design / formulate a strategy◆to make / formulate a plan / hypothesis■ plan (-nn-) [transitive] to make a design or outline for a thing, piece of writing or plan of action 设计；组织；策划；安排◆This is the place to visit if you are planning a new garden.如果要设计一个新公园，这个地方一定得观摩观摩。◆You should always plan your essay before you start writing it.写文章一定要在动笔之前先构思。◆A well planned advertising campaign is necessary to bring in visitors.必须有精心策划的广告宣传才能吸引顾客上门。■ make (made, made) [transitive] to write, create or prepare sth such as a law, plan or system 写，创建，制订（法律、规划或体制）◆These regulations were made to protect children.这些规则是为了保护儿童而制订的。◆My lawyer has been urging me to make a will.我的律师一直催促我立遗嘱。■ design [transitive] to think of and plan a system or way of doing sth 计划；筹划；制订◆We need to design a new programme for the third year.我们需要为三年级学生制订新的课程。◆It is easy enough to design systems that work well when everything is going well.制订出顺境中运转良好的制度并不难。■ formulate /ˈfɔːmjuleɪt; NAmE ˈfɔːrmuleɪt/ [transitive] (rather formal) to create or prepare sth carefully, giving particular attention to the details （精心）制订，规划，构思，准备◆to formulate a policy / theory / plan / proposal制订政策；创建理论；构思计划；准备建议◆His ideas are always very carefully formulated.他的想法总是经过深思熟虑。◆The compost is specially formulated for pot plants.此混合肥料专门用于盆栽植物。 intend verb intend ♦︎ mean ♦︎ plan ♦︎ aim ♦︎ have sb/sth in mind ♦︎ proposeThese words all mean to have a plan, result or purpose in your mind when you do sth. 这些词均表示打算、计划、想要做。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to intend / mean / plan / aim / have in mind / propose to do sth◆to intend / propose doing sth◆sb originally intended / meant / planned sth◆to clearly / directly intend / aim to do sth■ intend [intransitive, transitive] to have a plan, result or purpose in your mind when you do sth 打算；计划；想要做◆We finished later than intended.我们完成的时间比原定的晚。◆I fully intended (= definitely intended) to pay for the damage.我确实诚心想赔偿损失。◆The writer clearly intends his readers to identify with the main character.作者显然想使读者能与主人公产生共鸣。◆ (BrE) I don't intend staying long.我不打算长期逗留。◆It is intended that production will start at the end of the month.计划月底将开始生产。◆The company intends a slow-down in expansion.公司准备放慢扩张速度。ⓘ Intend is often used in the present to talk about future plans. * intend常用于现在时指将来的计划◆He intends to retire at the end of this year.他打算今年年底退休。◆What do you intend to do now?你现在想做什么？When intend is used to talk about past events, it often describes sth which was planned or wanted but which did not happen. * intend指过去的事件时，常表示计划或希望的事没有发生◆They stayed much longer than they'd originally intended.他们逗留的时间比原定的长得多。◆She didn't intend to kill him (= but she did).她本来没打算杀死他。 see also intended ⇨ deliberate , intention ⇨ purpose ■ mean (meant, meant) [transitive] (especially spoken) to have sth as a purpose or intention in your mind when you do sth 打算；意欲；有⋯目的◆I've been meaning to call her, but I've been so busy lately.我一直想给她打电话，但我最近太忙了。◆I'm sorry I hurt you. I didn't mean to.对不起，我伤害了你。我不是故意的。◆ (especially BrE) You're meant to (= you are supposed to) pay before you go in.你要先交钱才能进去。◆Don't be upset－I'm sure he meant it as a compliment.别生气，我肯定他本意是要称赞你的。◆Don't laugh! I mean it (= I am serious).别笑！我是认真的。◆He means what he says (= is not joking, exaggerating, etc.).他说话是当真的。◆He means trouble (= to cause trouble).他存心捣乱。◆The chair was clearly meant for a child.这椅子显然是专为儿童预备的。ⓘ Mean is often used when sb does not in fact succeed in doing what they intended to do, or sth does not happen the way they intended. * mean常用以表示某人实际上没有做成原打算做的事，或某事没有按某人希望的那样发生。■ plan (-nn-) [intransitive, transitive] to have a clear idea in your mind about what you hope or expect to do, often when you have decided in detail how you will do it 打算；计划；精心安排◆We hadn't planned on going anywhere this evening.我们今晚没打算外出。◆They plan to arrive some time after three.他们预计在3点钟以后到达。◆We're planning a trip to France in the spring.我们计划春天去法国旅游。 see also plan ⇨ purpose ■ aim [intransitive, transitive] to try or plan to achieve a particular goal 力求达到；力争做到◆The government is aiming at a 50% reduction in unemployment.政府正力争减少50%的失业人数。◆We should aim for a bigger share of the market.我们应努力争取更大的市场份额。◆We aim to be there around six.我们力争6点钟左右到那里。 see also aim ⇨ purpose ■ have sb/sth in ˈmind idiom (had, had)to be thinking of sb/sth, especially for a particular purpose, job or activity 心中有适当人选（或想做的事情）◆Do you have anyone in mind for the job?你有没有想好什么人可以做这项工作？◆Watching TV all evening wasn't exactly what I had in mind!我才不想整个晚上看电视呢！◆I had (it) in mind to give you an overview first of all.我想首先给你们概述一下。■ propose [intransitive] (rather formal) to intend to do sth in the future 打算；希冀；计划◆What do you propose to do now?你现在打算做什么？◆How do you propose getting home?你打算怎么回家？ organize (BrE also organise) verb organize ♦︎ arrange ♦︎ plan ♦︎ operate ♦︎ run ♦︎ sort sth out ♦︎ mount ♦︎ orchestrateThese words all mean to do what is necessary for sth to happen. 这些词均表示组织、安排、筹备。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to arrange / plan for sth◆to arrange / plan to do sth◆to arrange / plan that...◆to arrange / plan / sort out how / who / when / where...◆as arranged / planned◆to organize / plan / operate / run / mount / orchestrate a campaign◆to organize / plan / run / mount an operation◆to organize / arrange / plan / mount an exhibition◆to organize / plan / run / mount an event◆to organize / plan / mount a raid◆to organize / arrange / operate / run / mount / orchestrate sth successfully◆to organize / plan / operate / run sth efficiently / effectively / well◆to organize / plan / run sth badly◆to jointly organize / arrange / plan / operate / run / mount sth■ organize (BrE also organise) [transitive] to be responsible for making sth happen or for sth being provided 组织；筹备◆I've organized a lot of school trips.我组织了多次学校旅行。◆The committee will organize the food for the reception.委员会将安排招待会的饮食。 see also organization ⇨ planning ■ arrange [transitive, intransitive] to make arrangements for sth to happen; to agree with sb about when sth will happen 安排；筹备；商定◆A news conference was hastily arranged.新闻发布会筹备得很仓促。◆I'll arrange for a car to meet you at the airport.我会安排一辆车到机场接你。◆We met at six, as arranged.我们依约在6点钟碰面。 see also arrangement ⇨ agreement 1 , arrangement ⇨ planning ■ plan (-nn-) [transitive, intransitive] to make detailed arrangements for sth to happen in the future; to decide what should happen in the future 精心安排；计划；规划◆It took six months to plan the expedition.计划这次探险花了六个月。◆Everything went exactly as planned.一切都完全按计划进行。◆I've been planning how I'm going to spend my last week here.我一直在筹划怎样度过在这里的最后一星期。◆It's always a good idea to plan ahead.提前规划总是好的。 see also plan ⇨ plan noun 1 , planning ⇨ planning ■ operate [transitive] (rather formal) to organize a service; to use a system or process 组织，提供（服务）；实行（制度）；使（过程）运转◆The airline operates flights to 25 countries.这家航空公司经营飞往25个国家的航班。◆France operates a system of subsidized loans to dairy farmers.法国对奶农实行补贴贷款制度。 see also in operation ⇨ active ■ run (running, ran, run) [transitive] to organize a service or event and make it available to people 组织，提供（服务）；进行（活动）◆The college runs several English classes for adults.这所大学为成人开设几门英语课程。◆Volunteer counsellors run a 24-hour helpline.志愿辅导员开设了一条24小时服务热线。■ ˌsort sth ˈout phrasal verb (rather informal, especially spoken) to organize sth successfully 把⋯安排好◆If you're going to the bus station, can you sort out the tickets for tomorrow?你要去汽车站的话，能不能把明天的车票买好？◆Paula sorted out all the travel arrangements for us.葆拉把我们的旅行安排得妥妥当当。 see also sort sb/sth out ⇨ solve 1 ■ mount [transitive] (written) to organize and begin an event or series of planned activities 准备；安排；组织开展◆The party successfully mounted a campaign to change the law.该党成功地发起了修改法律的运动。◆The National Gallery mounted a major exhibition of her work.国家美术馆为她举办了作品大展。■ orchestrate /ˈɔːkɪstreɪt; NAmE ˈɔːrkɪstreɪt/ [transitive] (written) to organize a complicated plan or event very carefully or secretly 精心安排；策划；密谋◆The party was accused of orchestrating violence at demonstrations.该党被指控密谋在示威游行时使用暴力。 |