run verb ⇨run1 (run to catch a bus)⇨run2 (run a business)⇨flow (tears run down)⇨go1 (a car runs off the road)⇨go2 (Buses run hourly.)⇨hurry (running around after the kids all day)⇨operate (run the engine)⇨work3 (leave the engine running)⇨organize (run evening classes)⇨up and running⇨activeadj.⇨run for it⇨fleerun noun ⇨demand (a run on the dollar)⇨time2 (a run of good luck)
run1
verb
run to catch a bus跑着去赶公共汽车run a business经营企业➡ See also the entry for ⇨ fly2另见fly条第2义run ♦︎ race ♦︎ jog ♦︎ tear ♦︎ sprint ♦︎ charge ♦︎ gallop ♦︎ trot ♦︎ bound ♦︎ pound ♦︎ stampedeThese words all mean to move fast using your legs.这些词均表示跑。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺下图显示这些词所表达跑步速度快慢的程度
jog
➔
run
➔
race
trot
bound
tear
pound
sprint
charge
gallop
stampede
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to run / race / jog / sprint / charge / gallop / trot / bound / pound towards sb / sth◆to run / race / sprint / charge / gallop / trot / bound / pound after sb / sth◆to run / race / tear / sprint / gallop / trot / bound / pound along (sth)◆to run / race / tear / sprint / gallop / bound off◆to run / race / sprint / bound away◆to run / race / tear / sprint / bound back◆to run / race / tear / charge around / round◆to come running / racing / tearing / sprinting / charging / galloping / trotting / bounding■run(running, ran, run) [intransitive, transitive] to move using your legs, going faster than when you walk; to travel a particular distance by running跑；奔跑◆Can you run as fast as Mike?你能和迈克跑得一样快吗？◆The boy went running off to get the ball.那个男孩跑着去拿球。◆I had to run to catch the bus.我不得不跑着去赶公共汽车。◆Alan was running for a bus when he slipped on some ice.艾伦跑着赶公共汽车时在冰上滑倒了。◆I like to go running(= run as a form of exercise) in the mornings before work.我喜欢早晨上班前跑步。◆I ran four miles today.我今天跑了4英里。◆Terrified, he ran all the way home.他吓坏了，一路跑回家。 see also runner ⇨ player▸run
noun
[countable] ◆I go for a run every morning.我每天早晨都去跑步。◆He broke into a run(= started running).他跑了起来。▸running
noun
[uncountable] ◆to go running去跑步◆running shoes跑鞋■race [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition总是与副词或介词连用) (written) to run very fast, especially because it is important that you get somewhere quickly（尤指因须快速到达某处）快跑，飞奔◆Peter raced ahead to be the first to tell his mother the news.彼得跑在前面，为的是率先将这个消息告诉他妈妈。◆We all raced back to the camp.我们都迅速赶回了营地。■jog ( go jogging) [intransitive] to run slowly and steadily for a long time, especially for exercise慢跑，慢步长跑（尤指锻炼）◆I go jogging every evening.我每天晚上都慢跑锻炼。◆He jogged down the path and into the lane.他沿着小路慢跑进了小巷。▸jog
noun
[singular] ◆I like to go for a jog after work.我喜欢下班后慢跑锻炼。▸jogging
noun
[uncountable] ◆He decided to take up jogging.他决定开始慢跑锻炼。■tear / /teə(r); NAmEter/ (tore, torn) [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition总是与副词或介词连用) to run somewhere very quickly, especially in an excited way or because you are in a hurry（尤指兴奋地或因赶时间）飞跑，狂奔，疾驰◆The girls looked at each other and tore off towards the house.女孩们看了看对方，接着向房子飞奔而去。■sprint [intransitive, transitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition通常与副词或介词连用) to run very fast for a short distance短距离快速奔跑；冲刺◆He sprinted towards the finishing line.他向终点冲刺。◆I sprinted the last few metres.我全速跑完最后几米。ⓘ When sb in a race starts sprinting, they start running as fast as they can, especially near the end of the race. * sprint指比赛中的冲刺，特别是接近比赛终点时。▸sprint
noun
[countable] ◆a 100-metre sprint100米短跑◆It was a sprint for the finishing line.这是一个终点冲刺。■charge [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition总是与副词或介词连用) to run or walk fast in a particular direction, especially making a noise or carelessly（尤指闹哄哄或毛毛躁躁地）向⋯方向冲去◆The kids were charging around outside.孩子们在外面跑来跑去。◆He came charging into my office and demanded an explanation.他冲进我的办公室，要求给个说法。■gallop /ˈgæləp/ / [intransitive, transitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition通常与副词或介词连用) (of a horse or similar animal) to move fast with an action that includes all four feet being off the ground at the same time; (of a person) to ride a horse when it is galloping; (of a person) to run very quickly, especially in an excited way and with noisy steps（马或类似动物）飞奔，疾驰；（人）策马奔驰，嗵嗵地奔跑◆The horse neighed and galloped off across the field.那匹马嘶叫着疾驰穿过田地。◆The cavalry galloped past in a cloud of dust.骑兵绝尘而去。◆She galloped her horse all the way home.她骑着马一路飞奔回家。◆The kids came galloping along the street.孩子们沿街飞奔而来。▸gallop
noun
[singular] ◆Diane urged her horse into a gallop.黛安驱马驰骋起来。■trot(-tt-) [intransitive, transitive](of a horse) to move at a speed that is faster than walking, with each front leg being lifted at the same time as the opposite back leg; (of a person) to ride a horse when it is trotting; (of a person) to run slowly or walk fast, taking short quick steps（马）疾走，小跑；（人）骑马小跑，小步快跑，碎步急行◆I could hear the sound of several horses trotting along in the lane.我听到几匹马在小路上小跑的声音。◆Bob trotted his pony around the field.鲍勃骑着小马绕场慢跑。◆The dog trotted obediently at her heels.那条狗乖乖地小跑着跟在她脚边。◆He trotted off to greet the other guests.他快步走过去迎接其他客人。▸trot
noun
[singular] ◆She slowed her horse to a trot.她放慢马的速度小跑起来。◆She moved at a brisk trot.她轻快地小跑起来。■bound / /baʊnd/ / [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition总是与副词或介词连用) to run with long steps, especially in an enthusiastic way（尤指热情地）跳跃着跑◆The dogs bounded ahead.那些狗在前面蹦蹦跳跳地跑。■pound / /paʊnd/ / [intransitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition通常与副词或介词连用) to run somewhere with heavy, noisy steps脚步重且喧闹地跑◆A group of men on horseback came pounding across the field.一群人骑着马嗵嗵地穿过田地。■stampede / /stæmˈpiːd/ / [intransitive](of a group of large animals or people) to run fast, especially in a way that cannot be controlled（尤指大型动物群或人群无法控制地）狂奔，涌向◆The cattle started to stampede, as if they could sense the danger.牛群仿佛感觉到危险，开始狂奔起来。◆A bunch of kids came stampeding down the corridor.一群孩子顺着走廊涌了过来。
run2
verb
run to catch a bus跑着去赶公共汽车run a business经营企业run ♦︎ manage ♦︎ control ♦︎ be responsible for sb/sth ♦︎ be in charge ♦︎ direct ♦︎ administer ♦︎ commandThese words all mean to be in charge or in control of a business, organization, project or situation.这些词均表示经营、管理或主持局面。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to run / manage / control a / an company / business / organization◆to run / manage / be responsible for a department◆to run / manage a hotel / store / club◆to run / manage / control / be responsible for / direct / administer a project◆to run / manage / be responsible for / administer a service◆to run / manage / administer a school◆to manage / control / be responsible for / be in charge of / direct operations◆to manage / administer a fund◆to be properly / efficiently run / managed / administered◆to be well / badly run / managed◆to be tightly run / managed / controlled◆to be centrally run / managed / controlled / directed / administered◆to be jointly run / managed / controlled / administered by / with sb■run(running, ran, run) [transitive] to be in charge of a business, organization or project管理，经营（企业、组织或项目）◆The shareholders want more say in how the company is run.股东们想要对公司的经营有更多发言权。◆The programme will be jointly run with NASA in the US.该项目将与美国国家航空航天局合办。◆It is a small, privately run(= not owned or controlled by a large organization) hotel.这是一家私营小旅馆。◆Stop trying to run my life(= organize it) for me.别老想操纵我的生活。■manage [transitive, intransitive] to be in charge of a business, organization, project or team管理，经营（企业、组织、项目或团队）◆Organizers are looking for someone to manage the project.组织者在找人负责这个项目。◆We need a new approach to managing our hospitals.我们需要采用新方法来管理我们的医院。◆We need people who are good at managing.我们需要擅长管理的人。 see also management ⇨ government2, management ⇨ managementNOTE辨析 Run or manage?These two verbs can often be used in the same way.这两个动词用法常相同◆The hotel is run / managed by two brothers.酒店由兄弟俩经营。Run emphasizes the tasks involved in the operation of a business－planning, ordering stock, organizing transport of goods, etc. Someone can run a small business (without any employees), part of a business, a department or a larger organization. Manage often refers to organizing other workers. A manager makes decisions about how a business, department, etc. is run, but they usually tell other people what to do rather than doing it themselves. * run强调企业运营中涉及的各项工作，如制订计划、订购货物、组织货物运输等。run可指一个人做小买卖（没有雇员），也可指负责企业的某项业务、一个部门或一家较大规模的企业。manage常指管理其他员工。做运营相关决定的人称为manager，但他们通常指示别人怎么做，而非自己做。■control(-ll-) [transitive] to have power over a business, organization, project or country, so that you are able to decide how it is run指挥，控制，掌管（企业、组织、项目或国家）◆The whole territory is now controlled by the army.现在全境都在军队的控制之下。◆By the age of 21 he controlled the company.他21岁就掌管了公司。■be responsible for sb/sth
phrase
to have the job or duty of doing sth or taking care of sb/sth, so that you may be blamed if sth goes wrong有责任；负责；承担义务◆Mike is responsible for designing the entire project.迈克负责整个项目的设计工作。◆Even where parents no longer live together, they each continue to be responsible for their children.即使父母不再共同生活，他们也要分别对子女负责。 see also responsibility ⇨ responsibility■be in charge
phrase
to be in the position of having control over sb/sth主管，掌管，照管（某人或某物）◆I've usually been the one in charge of the petty cash.小额现金通常由我掌管。◆Who's in charge here?这里谁是负责人？ see also charge ⇨ responsibility■direct [transitive] to be in charge of a project or process管理，监督，指导（项目或进程）◆He was asked to take command and direct operations.他奉命统率并指挥作战行动。 see also direction ⇨ government2, director ⇨ manager■administer [transitive, often passive] to manage and organize the affairs or a company, organization or country管理（公司或组织）；治理（国家）◆The country has to face up to the high cost of administering medical services.国家必须正视医疗服务机构高昂的管理费用。◆The pension funds are administered by commercial banks.养老基金由商业银行运作管理。 see also administration ⇨ government2, administration ⇨ management, administrator ⇨ organizer■command [transitive] to be in charge of a group of people in the army, navy or air force指挥，统率（军队）◆He was the officer commanding the troops in the Western region.他是统率西部地区部队的军官。◆The squadron was commanded by Major Frank Broad.这个中队由弗兰克•布罗德少校指挥。 see also command ⇨ controlnoun
flow
verb
➡ See also the entry for ⇨ trickle另见trickle条flow ♦︎ run ♦︎ pour ♦︎ stream ♦︎ circulate ♦︎ spew ♦︎ pump ♦︎ cascade ♦︎ spurt ♦︎ gushThese words can all be used when a liquid or gas moves from one place to another, especially in large quantities.这些词均表示液体或气体涌流、喷出、倾泻。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to flow / pour / stream / spew / pump / cascade / spurt / gush out◆to flow / run / pour / stream / spew / pump / spurt / gush out of sth◆to flow / run / pour / stream / spew / pump / cascade / spurt / gush from sth◆to flow / run / pour / stream / cascade / spurt / gush into sth◆to flow / run / pour / stream / circulate / pump / cascade / spurt / gush through sth◆to flow / run / pour / stream / cascade / gush down (sth)◆to flow / circulate / pump (sth) around / round sth◆to be flowing / running / streaming / gushing with sth◆water flows / runs / pours / streams / circulates / cascades / spurts / gushes◆blood flows / runs / pours / streams / circulates / pumps / cascades / spurts / gushes◆tears flow / run / pour / stream / gush◆adrenalin flows / pours / pumps◆a waterfall pours / cascades / gushes◆light flows / pours / streams / cascades◆smoke pours / streams / spews◆to flow / run / circulate freely / slowly■flow [intransitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition通常与副词或介词连用) (of liquid, gas or electricity) to move steadily and continuously in one direction（液体、气体或电）流，流动◆It's here that the river flows down into the ocean.这条河就在这里汇入海洋。◆This can prevent air from flowing freely to the lungs.这可以防止空气直接涌入肺部。◆The current flowing in a circuit is measured by connecting an ammeter.连接上安培计可以测量电路里的电流。 see also flow ⇨ currentnoun■run(running, ran, run) [intransitive](of a liquid) to flow; to send out a liquid（液体）流淌，流动；流出液体◆The tears ran down her cheeks.泪水顺着她的脸颊淌下来。◆Who left the tap running?谁没关水龙头？◆Your nose is running.你流鼻涕了。◆The smoke makes my eyes run.烟熏得我直流眼泪。ⓘ If sth is running with sth, it is covered with liquid. * be running with sth指被液体覆盖、流满◆His face was running with sweat.他汗流满面。■pour [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition总是与副词或介词连用) (of liquid, smoke or light) to flow quickly in large amounts（液体、烟或光）涌流，倾泻，喷发◆Blood was pouring from the wound.血从伤口里涌出来。◆Thick black smoke was pouring out of the roof.黑色浓烟从屋顶滚滚冒出。◆The kitchen door opened and light poured into the hallway.厨房门开了，灯光一下子把门厅照亮了。■stream [intransitive, transitive] (when there is no object an adverb or preposition is used不带宾语时与副词或介词连用) (of liquid, gas, smoke or light) to flow quickly and continuously; to make a liquid or gas do this（液体、气体、烟或光）流泻，流动，流出；使（液体等）流出◆Sunlight streamed through the windows.阳光洒进窗内。◆Her head was streaming with blood.她头上流着血。◆The exhaust streamed black smoke.排气管里冒出黑烟。■circulate / /ˈsɜːkjəleɪt; NAmEˈsɜːrkjəleɪt/ [intransitive, transitive](of a liquid or gas) to move continuously around a place or system; to make a liquid or gas do this（液体或气体）环流，循环；使（液体或气体）循环◆The condition prevents blood from circulating freely.这种病阻碍了血液的循环畅通。◆Cooled air is circulated throughout the building.冷气在整座大楼循环。 see also circulation ⇨ currentnoun■spew /spjuː/ / [intransitive, transitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition总是与副词或介词连用) (especially of smoke or flames) to flow out quickly in large amounts; to make smoke or flames do this（尤指烟或火焰）喷出，涌出；使（烟或火焰）喷出◆Flames spewed from the aircraft's engine.飞机发动机喷出火焰。◆Massive chimneys were spewing out smoke and flames.一座座高大的烟囱冒着烟和火焰。■pump [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition总是与副词或介词连用) (of a liquid) to flow in a particular direction as if it is being forced by a pump（液体）涌出，涌流，奔流◆Blood was pumping out of the wound on his shoulder.血从他肩头的伤口喷出。■cascade / /kæˈskeɪd/ / [intransitive] (written) (of liquid) to flow downwards in large amounts（液体）倾泻而下，流注◆Water cascaded down the mountainside.水从山坡倾泻而下。■spurt [intransitive, transitive] (when there is no object an adverb or preposition is used不带宾语时与副词或介词连用) (of liquid, gas or flames) to burst or pour out suddenly in a fast stream; to produce a sudden fast stream of liquid, gas or flames（液体、气体或火焰）喷出，冒出；使（液体等）喷出◆Blood was spurting from her nose.血从她的鼻子里汩汩流出来。◆The volcano spurted clouds of steam and ash high into the air.火山把团团热气和灰喷向高空。▸spurt
noun
[countable] ◆a spurt of blood一股急速喷出的血■gush / /gʌʃ/ / [intransitive, transitive] (when there is no object an adverb or preposition is used不带宾语时与副词或介词连用) (of a liquid) to flow out suddenly and quickly in large amounts; (of a container or vehicle) to suddenly let out large amounts of a liquid（液体）喷出，涌出；（容器或车辆）大量泄出（液体）◆Water gushed out of the pipe.水从管子中涌出。◆The tanker was gushing oil.油箱在大量喷油。
go1
verb
go into the kitchen进厨房go to China去中国go ♦︎ get ♦︎ head ♦︎ pass ♦︎ move ♦︎ travel ♦︎ make your way ♦︎ make for sth ♦︎ advance ♦︎ proceed ♦︎ runThese words all mean to move from one place to another.这些词均表示去往另一地。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to go / get / pass / move / travel / make your way / advance / proceed / run from... to...◆to go / get / head / move / travel / make your way / advance / proceed to sb / sth◆to go / head / move / travel / make your way / advance / proceed / run towards sb / sth◆to head / make for sb / sth◆to go / get somewhere / make your way by bus / train / car, etc.◆to go / get / head / make your way / make for home■go(goes, went, gone) [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition总是与副词或介词连用) to move from one place to another; to move somewhere in order to get to a particular place; to move in a particular way去；（为到达某处或以某种方式）移动◆She went into her room and shut the door behind her.她走进自己的房间，随手关上门。◆She's gone to see her sister.她看她姐姐去了。◆Could you go and get me a towel?你能去帮我拿条毛巾吗？◆ (NAmE) Go get me a towel.去帮我拿条毛巾。◆Slow down－you're going too fast.慢点儿－你开得太快了。◆The car went skidding off the road.汽车打滑冲出公路。ⓘ Been, not gone, is used as the past participle when sb has gone to a place and come back.表示某人去过某地并已返回，过去分词用been，不用gone◆She's gone to town(= and is there now or on her way there).她进城去了。◆I've just been to town(= I went to town and have now returned).我刚才去城里了。ⓘ Go is usually used from the point of view of the person who is moving somewhere.使用go时通常从行进者的角度出发。OPPcome ⇨ come1 see also go ⇨ leave1■get(getting, got, got; NAmEspokengetting, got, gotten) [intransitive, transitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition总是与副词或介词连用) to go to or from a particular place or in a particular direction, sometimes with difficulty; to make sb/sth do this（使）到达，离开；（沿某方向）移动；艰难地移动◆How can we get to the other side of town?我们怎么才能到城的另一边？◆I don't know how he managed to get down from the roof.我不知道他是怎么设法从房顶上下来的。◆She got back into bed.她回到床上睡觉了。◆Where have they got to(= where are they)?他们去哪里了？◆We'd better call a taxi and get you home.我们最好叫辆出租车送你回家。 see also get ⇨ get4■head [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition总是与副词或介词连用) (ratherinformal) to move in a particular direction; to start going to a particular place朝（某方向）前进；启程（前往某处）◆Where are we heading?我们要往哪里去？◆She headed for the door.她朝着门走去。◆The boat was heading out to sea.那条船正在出海。■pass [intransitive] (ratherformal) (always used with an adverb or preposition总是与副词或介词连用) to go along or through a place or past a particular point经过；穿过；通过◆The procession passed slowly along the street.队伍沿街缓缓行进。◆Bomber planes were passing overhead all night.轰炸机整夜不断从头顶飞过。■move [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition总是与副词或介词连用) to go in a particular direction, especially a short distance（尤指短距离地）移动◆Phil moved towards the window.菲尔朝窗户走去。◆We moved a little nearer.我们移近了一些。◆The traffic moved slowly along the highway.车辆在公路上缓慢前行。■travel(-ll-, NAmE-l-) [intransitive] to go or move at a particular speed, in a particular direction or over a particular distance（以某速度、朝某方向或在某距离内）行进，转送，传播◆The truck was travelling at 90 mph when it veered off the road.那辆卡车拐下道路时正以90英里的时速行进。◆Messages travel from the nerve endings to the brain.信息从神经末梢传送到大脑。◆News travels fast these days.如今消息传播得很快。■make your ˈway
idiom
(made, made) (always used with an adverb or preposition总是与副词或介词连用) to go somewhere, especially slowly or when this is difficult to do（尤指缓慢或困难地）去，前往，到⋯地方去◆Will you be able to make your own way to the airport(= get there without help or a ride)?你能自己去机场吗？◆She turned and made her way home.她掉转方向回家去了。■ˈmake for sth
phrasal verb
(made, made)to move towards sth, especially when you are in a hurry or feel the need to get somewhere or get out of somewhere向⋯移动（尤指匆忙或想要去或离开某地）◆People were making for the exits.人们纷纷往出口走。◆He advised us to get out of the city and make for the coast.他建议我们离开市区前往海边。■advance [intransitive] (ratherformal) to move forwards or towards sb/sth, often in a threatening way or in order to attack前进；推进；进逼◆Troops were given the order to advance.部队得到了前进的命令。◆They had advanced 20 miles by nightfall.夜幕降临时，他们已推进了20英里。◆The mob advanced on us, shouting angrily.暴民愤怒地喊叫着向我们逼近。OPPretreat ⇨ withdraw1▸advance
noun
[countable] ◆Their advance on the city seemed unstoppable.他们向那座城市步步逼近，似乎势不可挡。■proceed /prəˈsiːd; NAmEproʊˈsiːd/ [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition总是与副词或介词连用) (formal) to move or travel in a particular direction, especially to continue a journey行进，前往（尤指为了继续行程）◆The marchers proceeded slowly along the street.游行者沿着街道缓缓行进。◆Passengers for Frankfurt should proceed to Gate 14.前往法兰克福的旅客请到14号登机口。■run(running, ran, run) [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition总是与副词或介词连用) to move over a surface, especially quickly, in a particular direction（尤指快速地向某处）移动◆The car ran off the road into a ditch.汽车冲出路面，掉进沟里。◆A shiver ran down my spine.我猛然感到脊背发凉。◆The sledge ran smoothly over the snow.雪橇在雪地上平稳地滑行。◆The old tramlines are still there but no trams run on them now.昔日的电车轨道还在，如今却没有电车在上面运行了。
go2
verb
go into the kitchen进厨房go to China去中国go ♦︎ fly ♦︎ travel ♦︎ come ♦︎ do ♦︎ drive ♦︎ ride ♦︎ run ♦︎ coverThese words all mean to move between different places, especially over a long distance.这些词均表示行走、旅行，尤指长途旅行。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to go / fly / travel / come / drive / ride / run from / to sth◆to go / fly / travel / come / drive / ride with sb◆to go / fly / travel / come / do / drive / ride / cover 50 miles / 1 000 km◆to go / travel / come by air / sea / boat / ship / train / car◆to go / travel / come / do sth / cover sth on foot◆to go / fly / travel / come / drive east / north / south / west◆to go / travel / come / drive overland◆to travel / come / drive a long distance■go(goes, went, gone) [intransitive] to make a journey from one place to another; to do so over a particular distance去；前往；旅行，行走（一段距离）◆I usually go to work by bus.我一般乘公共汽车上班。◆She's gone to Brazil on vacation.她去巴西度假去了。◆I have to go to Rome on business.我得到罗马出差。◆Here's a list of things to remember before you go.这是你走之前要记住去做的事情清单。◆We had gone many miles without seeing another car.我们走了很多英里，一路都没有见到其他汽车。ⓘ Been, not gone, is used as the past participle when sb has gone to a place and come back.表示某人去过某地并已返回，过去分词用been，不用gone◆She has gone to China(= she is now in China or is on her way there).她去中国了。◆She's been to China(= she went to China and has now returned).她去过中国。 see also go ⇨ leave1■fly(flew, flown) [intransitive, transitive] to go on a journey in an aircraft（搭飞机）飞行，飞越◆When are you flying to Bangkok?你何时飞往曼谷？◆It was the first time I'd ever flown.那是我第一次乘飞机。◆She always flies business class.她搭飞机总是坐商务舱。◆Who was the first person to fly the Atlantic(= travel over it in an aircraft)?谁是飞越大西洋的第一人？ see also fly ⇨ drive1, fly ⇨ fly1■travel(-ll-, NAmE-l-) [intransitive, transitive] to go from one place to another, especially over a long distance（尤指长途）行走，旅行；游历◆I spent a year travelling around Africa.我花了一年时间周游非洲。◆Here are some tips on how to keep healthy while you're travelling.以下是一些旅行时保持健康的小窍门。◆He went travelling(= spent time visiting different places) for six months.他在外旅行了六个月。◆We travelled the length and breadth of(= all over) the country.我们游遍了全国。◆Children under five travel free.五岁以下儿童免费乘坐。 see also travel ⇨ travelnoun, traveller ⇨ passenger■come(came, come) [intransitive, transitive] to make a journey to a place; to make a journey of a particular length, in a particular type of vehicle, etc.来（到）；（乘某种交通工具）到达，抵达◆People came from all over the world to settle here.人们从世界各地来这里定居。◆How far have you come?你从多远的地方来的？◆He came to England by ship.他坐船来到英格兰。 see also come in ⇨ enterNOTE辨析 Go or come?Go is used when speaking from the point of view of sb who is at the place where the journey starts. Come expresses the point of view of sb who is at the place where the journey ends. * go是从位于行程起点的人的角度来讲，come是从位于行程终点的人的角度来讲◆We're going to Australia to visit our daughter.我们要去澳大利亚探望女儿。◆I hope you can come to Australia to visit us.我希望你能来澳大利亚探望我们。■do(does, did, done) [transitive] to travel a particular distance or go at a particular speed; to complete a journey走过（一段路程）；（以某种速度）走完，完成（旅程）◆How many miles did you do yesterday?你昨天走了多少英里？◆My car does 40 miles to the gallon(= uses one gallon of petrol to travel 40 miles).我的汽车每耗1加仑汽油可行驶40英里。◆The car was doing 90 miles an hour.那辆汽车当时时速为90英里。◆We did the round trip(= went there and back) in under three hours.我们来回一趟用了不到三个小时。■drive(drove, driven) [intransitive, transitive] to make a journey by road, especially in a car在公路上行进（尤指开车）◆Shall we drive or go by train?我们开车去还是坐火车去？◆We must have driven over 600 kilometres today.我们今天肯定开了600公里以上。◆We drove the rest of the way in silence.余下的路上我们开着车，默不作声。 see also drive ⇨ driveverb1, drive ⇨ flightnoun■ride(rode, ridden) [intransitive, transitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition通常与副词或介词连用) (especially NAmE) to travel in a vehicle, especially as a passenger搭乘；乘坐◆The men loaded my stuff onto the pick-up and I rode with them in the cab.那几个人把我的东西放到小货车上，我和他们一同坐进驾驶室开走了。◆You could ride right along the coast by tram.你可以坐有轨电车沿着海边走。◆ (NAmE) He rides the subway every day.他每天都坐地铁。 see also ride ⇨ flightnoun■run(running, ran, run) [intransitive](of a bus, train, etc.) to travel on a particular route（公共汽车、火车等沿特定路线）行驶◆The buses run every thirty minutes.那些公共汽车每三十分钟一班。◆He claimed that 95 per cent of trains run on time.他声称95%的火车正点行驶。◆The train was running late(= was not going to arrive on time).那列火车晚点了。ⓘ Run is usually used to talk about how often or at what times there are buses, trains, etc. * run通常用于谈论公共汽车、火车等的班次或发车时间。■cover [transitive] to travel the distance mentioned行走（⋯长的路程）◆We must have covered over 20 miles.我们一定走了20多英里。◆I covered a lot of ground rapidly and soon caught up with them.我快速地走了很长一段路，很快就追上了他们。
hurry
verb
hurry ♦︎ rush ♦︎ dash ♦︎ fly ♦︎ run ♦︎ hasten ♦︎ get a move onThese words all mean to go somewhere or do sth quickly, especially because you do not have enough time.这些词均表示赶快、急忙。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to hurry / rush / run / hasten to do sth◆to hurry / fly / run along◆to rush / dash off◆to hurry / rush a meal■hurry [intransitive, transitive] to do sth more quickly than usual because there is not much time; to make sb do sth more quickly; to move quickly in a particular direction赶快，急忙（做某事）；催促（某人）；（朝某方向）迅速移动◆You'll have to hurry if you want to catch the train.你要想赶上那趟火车就得抓紧时间了。◆I wish the bus would hurry up and come.我希望公共汽车能快点来。◆Hurry up! We're going to be late.快点！我们要迟到了。◆The kids hurried to open their presents.孩子们急忙拆开礼物。◆A good meal should never be hurried.美餐绝不能狼吞虎咽。◆I don't want to hurry you but we close in twenty minutes.我并不想催你，但是我们再过二十分钟就要关门了。◆He picked up his bags and hurried across the courtyard.他拎起提包匆匆穿过院子。ⓘ In spoken English hurry can be used with and plus another verb, instead of with to and the infinitive, especially to tell sb to do sth quickly.在口语中，hurry可以与and连用再加另一个动词，表示叫某人赶紧做某事，而不用hurry to do句式◆Hurry and open your present－I want to see what it is.赶快拆开你的礼物－我想看看是什么。 see also hurried ⇨ quick▸hurry
noun
[singular] ◆Take your time－there's no hurry.慢慢来，不用急。◆What's the hurry? The train doesn't leave for an hour.急什么？火车还有一个小时才开呢。◆Sorry, I haven't got time to do it now－I'm in a hurry.对不起，我现在没有时间管这个，我忙着呢。◆Why are you in such a hurry to sell?你为什么这么急着要卖掉？■rush [intransitive, transitive] to move or to do sth with great speed, often too fast; to do sth or make sb do sth without thinking about it carefully迅速移动；急匆匆（做某事）；（使）仓促行事◆We've got plenty of time; there's no need to rush.我们时间很多，用不着太匆忙。◆I've been rushing around all day, trying to get everything done.我一整天忙得团团转，想把所有的事都做完。◆People rushed to buy shares in the company.人们争相抢购这家公司的股票。◆We don't want to rush into having a baby.我们不急着要孩子。◆Don't rush me. I need time to think about it.别催我，我需要时间考虑一下。◆I'm not going to be rushed into anything.我不会草率行事的。▸rush
noun
[singular] ◆Shoppers made a rush for the exits.购物者冲向出口。◆I can't stop－I'm in a rush.我不能停下来，我忙着呢。◆What's the rush?干吗这么急匆匆的？◆'I'll let you have the book back tomorrow.' 'There's no rush.'“我明天就把书还给你。”“不着急。”■dash [intransitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition通常与副词或介词连用) to go somewhere very quickly急奔；急驰；猛冲◆She dashed off to keep an appointment.她急匆匆赶去赴约。◆ (informal) I must dash(= leave quickly), I'm late.我得赶紧走，来不及了。▸dash
noun
[singular] ◆When the doors opened, there was a mad dash for seats.门一开，人们便疯狂地朝座位奔去。◆We waited for the police to leave, then made a dash for it(= left quickly in order to escape).我们等警察离开后便迅速逃走。■fly(flew, flown) [intransitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition通常与副词或介词连用) to go or move very quickly疾驰；疾行；快速移动◆The train was flying along.火车飞驰着。◆She gasped and her hand flew to her mouth.她倒抽了一口气，连忙用手捂着嘴。◆ (informal) It's late－I must fly(= leave quickly).来不及了，我得赶紧走。NOTE辨析 Dash or fly?Dash is always used to talk about people. * dash的主语一定是人◆The train was dashing along.Fly is more often used to talk about things. Both words can be used informally in the phrase I must dash/fly, meaning 'I have to leave.' * fly多用于谈论事物。两个词都可以用在非正式短语I must dash/fly中，表示“我得赶紧走了”。■run(running, ran, run) [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition总是与副词或介词连用) to hurry from one place to another迅速赶往；匆忙跑（到另一处）◆I've spent the whole day running around after the kids.我这一整天都跟在孩子们后面跑来跑去。■hasten / /ˈheɪsn/ / [transitive] (ratherformal, especiallywritten) to say or do sth without delay急忙进行；赶紧说（或做）◆She saw his frown and hastened to explain.看到他皱起眉头，她赶紧解释。◆He has been described as a 'charmless bore'－not by me, I hasten to add.他被说成是“讨厌鬼”－不是我说的，我赶忙加上一句。ⓘ In literary language hasten can also mean 'to do or go somewhere quickly'.在文学语言中，hasten还表示“赶忙做某事”或“赶到某地” [intransitive] ◆ (literary) We hastened back to Rome.我们急忙赶回罗马。 see also haste ⇨ speednoun■get a ˈmove on
idiom
(getting, got, got; NAmEspokengetting, got, gotten) (informal, spoken) used to tell sb to hurry赶紧，快点（用于催促某人）◆Get a move on! We'll miss the bus.快点儿！我们要赶不上公共汽车了。◆We'd better get a move on if we don't want to be late.如果不想迟到，我们就得抓紧了。
operate
verb
➡ See also the entry for ⇨ workverb3另见work动词词条第3义operate ♦︎ run ♦︎ control ♦︎ work ♦︎ manipulateThese words all mean to use a machine or device, or make it function.这些词均表示操作、控制、操纵机器或装置。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to operate / run / control / work a machine◆to operate / run / control a / an engine / motor◆to operate / run machinery◆to operate / manipulate the controls / levers■operate [transitive] (ratherformal) to use a machine or make it work操作；控制；使运行◆What skills are needed to operate this machinery?操作这种机器需要什么技能？ see also operate ⇨ workverb3▸operation
noun
[uncountable] ◆Operation of the device is extremely simple.这个装置的操作极其简单。■run(-nn-; ran, run) [transitive] to make a machine or device work, especially an engine or computer program使（尤指发动机或计算机程序）运行；操作◆Could you run the engine for a moment?你让发动机运行一会儿好吗？◆What applications were you running when the problem occurred?出现问题时你在运行什么应用程序？ see also run ⇨ workverb3■control(-ll-) [transitive] to make a machine or system work操纵，控制（机器或系统）◆This knob controls the volume.此旋钮调节音量。◆The traffic lights are controlled by a central computer.交通信号灯由中央计算机控制。 see also control ⇨ buttonnoun1NOTE辨析 Operate, run or control?A person operates or runs a machine; machines are often controlled by the controls, such as a computer, knob, button, switch or lever. * operate或run指人操作机器；control常指由computer、knob、button、switch或lever等操纵装置控制机器。■work [transitive] (ratherinformal, spoken) to make a machine or device function, especially a piece of household equipment开动，操作（尤指家用设备）◆Do you know how to work the coffee machine?你会使用咖啡机吗？ see also work ⇨ workverb3■manipulate / /məˈnɪpjuleɪt/ / [transitive] (ratherformal) to control or use sth in a skilful way（熟练地）操作，使用◆I had to learn to manipulate the gears and levers of the machine.我得学会熟练操纵机器的排挡和变速杆。◆Computers are very efficient at manipulating information.计算机在处理信息方面效率极高。▸manipulation / /məˌnɪpjuˈleɪʃn/ /
noun
[uncountable] ◆data manipulation数据操纵
work3
verb
work on an assignment做作业work as a teacher/in education当老师；从事教育工作The phone isn't working.这部电话坏了。➡ See also the entry for ⇨ operate另见operate条work ♦︎ function ♦︎ run ♦︎ operate ♦︎ goThese are all words that can be used when a machine, system or device performs in the correct way.这些词均表示机器、系统或装置运转良好、正常工作。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to actually / still work / function / go◆to work / function / run / operate efficiently / satisfactorily / smoothly / independently / successfully / normally / reliably◆to work / function / run perfectly◆to work / function / operate effectively / properly / correctly◆to work / function well◆to run / operate continuously◆fully functioning / operating■work [intransitive](of a machine or device) to perform in the correct way（机器或装置）运转良好，正常工作◆The phone isn't working.这部电话坏了。◆It works by electricity.这是电动的。◆Are they any closer to understanding how the brain works?他们对大脑功能的了解有进展吗？ see also work ⇨ operate■function [intransitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition通常与副词或介词连用) (ratherformal) to work in the correct way起作用；运转良好；正常工作◆Despite the power cuts, the hospital continued to function normally.尽管供电中断，医院继续正常运转。◆Many children can't function effectively in large classes.许多孩子在大班上课时学习效果不好。◆We now have a functioning shower.现在我们有了好用的淋浴器。■run(running, ran, run) [intransitive] to work in the correct way起作用；运转良好；正常工作◆Stan had the chainsaw running.斯坦开动了链锯。◆Our van runs on(= uses) diesel.我们的货车烧柴油。◆Which operating system have you got running?你们运行的是哪个操作系统？ⓘ Run is usually used to talk about an engine or motor (or a machine that uses an engine or motor), or a computer program. * run通常指发动机、马达（或使用发动机或马达的机器）或电脑程序正常工作。 see also run ⇨ operate, up and running ⇨ activeadj.■operate [intransitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition通常与副词或介词连用) (ratherformal) (especially of a machine) to work in a particular way; (of a service or system) to be working（尤指机器）运转；（服务或系统）工作◆Solar panels can only operate in sunlight.太阳能电池板只能在阳光下才能正常工作。◆Some people can only operate well under pressure.有些人只有在压力下才能工作得好。◆A new late-night service is now operating.现在推出了一种新的深夜服务项目。 see also operate ⇨ operate▸operation
noun
[uncountable] ◆Regular servicing guarantees the smooth operation of the engine.定期维修能确保发动机运行顺畅。 see also in operation,operational ⇨ activeadj.NOTE辨析 Function or operate?Function is used more to talk about whether sth works or how well or badly it works; operate is used more to talk about the conditions required for sth to work. * function较多用于描述是否运转或运转情况是否良好。operate较多用于描述运行的必要条件。■go(goes, went, gone) [intransitive] (informal, especiallyspoken) (of a machine) to work in the correct way（机器）起作用，运转良好，正常工作◆What makes it go?是什么让它运转起来？
organize (BrE alsoorganise)
verb
organize ♦︎ arrange ♦︎ plan ♦︎ operate ♦︎ run ♦︎ sort sth out ♦︎ mount ♦︎ orchestrateThese words all mean to do what is necessary for sth to happen.这些词均表示组织、安排、筹备。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to arrange / plan for sth◆to arrange / plan to do sth◆to arrange / plan that...◆to arrange / plan / sort out how / who / when / where...◆as arranged / planned◆to organize / plan / operate / run / mount / orchestrate a campaign◆to organize / plan / run / mount an operation◆to organize / arrange / plan / mount an exhibition◆to organize / plan / run / mount an event◆to organize / plan / mount a raid◆to organize / arrange / operate / run / mount / orchestrate sth successfully◆to organize / plan / operate / run sth efficiently / effectively / well◆to organize / plan / run sth badly◆to jointly organize / arrange / plan / operate / run / mount sth■organize (BrE alsoorganise) [transitive] to be responsible for making sth happen or for sth being provided组织；筹备◆I've organized a lot of school trips.我组织了多次学校旅行。◆The committee will organize the food for the reception.委员会将安排招待会的饮食。 see also organization ⇨ planning■arrange [transitive, intransitive] to make arrangements for sth to happen; to agree with sb about when sth will happen安排；筹备；商定◆A news conference was hastily arranged.新闻发布会筹备得很仓促。◆I'll arrange for a car to meet you at the airport.我会安排一辆车到机场接你。◆We met at six, as arranged.我们依约在6点钟碰面。 see also arrangement ⇨ agreement1, arrangement ⇨ planning■plan(-nn-) [transitive, intransitive] to make detailed arrangements for sth to happen in the future; to decide what should happen in the future精心安排；计划；规划◆It took six months to plan the expedition.计划这次探险花了六个月。◆Everything went exactly as planned.一切都完全按计划进行。◆I've been planning how I'm going to spend my last week here.我一直在筹划怎样度过在这里的最后一星期。◆It's always a good idea to plan ahead.提前规划总是好的。 see also plan ⇨ plannoun1, planning ⇨ planning■operate [transitive] (ratherformal) to organize a service; to use a system or process组织，提供（服务）；实行（制度）；使（过程）运转◆The airline operates flights to 25 countries.这家航空公司经营飞往25个国家的航班。◆France operates a system of subsidized loans to dairy farmers.法国对奶农实行补贴贷款制度。 see also in operation ⇨ active■run(running, ran, run) [transitive] to organize a service or event and make it available to people组织，提供（服务）；进行（活动）◆The college runs several English classes for adults.这所大学为成人开设几门英语课程。◆Volunteer counsellors run a 24-hour helpline.志愿辅导员开设了一条24小时服务热线。■ˌsort sth ˈout
phrasal verb
(ratherinformal, especiallyspoken) to organize sth successfully把⋯安排好◆If you're going to the bus station, can you sort out the tickets for tomorrow?你要去汽车站的话，能不能把明天的车票买好？◆Paula sorted out all the travel arrangements for us.葆拉把我们的旅行安排得妥妥当当。 see also sort sb/sth out ⇨ solve1■mount [transitive] (written) to organize and begin an event or series of planned activities准备；安排；组织开展◆The party successfully mounted a campaign to change the law.该党成功地发起了修改法律的运动。◆The National Gallery mounted a major exhibition of her work.国家美术馆为她举办了作品大展。■orchestrate /ˈɔːkɪstreɪt; NAmEˈɔːrkɪstreɪt/ [transitive] (written) to organize a complicated plan or event very carefully or secretly精心安排；策划；密谋◆The party was accused of orchestrating violence at demonstrations.该党被指控密谋在示威游行时使用暴力。
active
adjective
active ♦︎ in operation ♦︎ in force ♦︎ in action ♦︎ up and running ♦︎ operationalThese words all describe sb/sth being able to do, or doing, the activity or work that is typical for them.这些词均表示发挥功效或起作用。■activedoing sth regularly; functioning; having or causing a chemical effect定期进行的；起作用的；起化学作用的◆These animals are active only at night.这些动物只在夜间活动。◆Numbers of sexually active teenagers have continued to rise.有性行为的青少年人数持续增加。◆The virus is still active in the blood.病毒仍然在血液中起作用。◆What is the active ingredient in aspirin?阿司匹林中的有效成分是什么？OPPinactiveⓘ Inactive describes sb/sth that is not doing anything, is not in use or not working or has no effect. * inactive指不活动的、不使用的、不起作用的◆Some animals are inactive during the daytime.有些动物白天不活动。◆an inactive drug / disease失效的药物；非活动性疾病■in opeˈration
idiom
(ratherformal) (of a system) working, being used or having an effect（系统）工作中，使用中，有效◆The system needs to be in operation for six months before it can be assessed.此系统须运行六个月后才能对它进行评估。◆Temporary traffic controls are in operation on New Road.“新路”正实施临时交通管制。ⓘ When a system comes into operation it starts working or having an effect. * come into operation表示开始运行或开始生效◆The new rules come into operation from next week.新规定下周开始生效。When you put sth into operation you start using it or make it start working. * put sth into operation表示开始使用或启动◆It's time to put our plan into operation.该是执行我们计划的时候了。 see also operate ⇨ organize, operate ⇨ workverb3■in ˈforce
idiom
(of a law or rule) being used（法律或规定）有效力，实施中◆The new regulations are now in force.新规定现已生效。ⓘ When a law or rule comes/enters into force it starts being used. * come/enter into force表示法律或规定开始实施◆When do the new regulations come into force?新规定何时开始执行？When you bring sth into force you make a law or rule start being used. * bring sth into force表示使法律或规定开始生效◆They are hoping to bring the new legislation into force by the end of the year.他们希望在年底前实施新法。■in ˈaction
idiom
(of a person or thing) doing the activity or work that is typical for them（人或物）在活动中，运转中◆I've yet to see all the players in action.我还得看所有参赛者实地比赛。■ˌup and ˈrunning
idiom
(of a system, for example a computer system) working; being used（系统，如计算机系统）在运转，在使用中◆By that time the new system should be up and running.到那时，新系统应该已经运转起来了。ⓘ Up and running is usually used to talk about sth starting to work or be used after a period of development. * up and running通常指经过一段时间的研发后开始运转或使用。 see also run ⇨ workverb3■operational [not usually before noun] (ratherformal) ready to be used; in use可使用；在使用中◆The new airport should be fully operational by the end of the year.新机场应该会在年底前全面投入运营。ⓘ Operational is very often used in the phrase fully operational. * operational经常用于短语fully operational中。 see also operate ⇨ workverb3
flee
verb
flee ♦︎ run away ♦︎ run off ♦︎ take off ♦︎ make off ♦︎ bolt ♦︎ run for itThese words all mean to leave a place very quickly, especially in order to escape from sb/sth.这些词均表示迅速离开、逃离、逃走。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to flee / run away / bolt from sb / sth◆to flee / run away / run off / bolt to sth◆to run / take / make / bolt off◆to flee / run away / run off / take off / make off / bolt down / into sth◆to run away / run off / take off / make off with sb / sth◆to turn and flee / run away / run off■flee(fled, fled) [intransitive, transitive] (especiallywritten) to leave a place very quickly, especially because you are in danger迅速离开；（尤指因有危险而）逃避，逃跑◆Refugees fled from the city.难民从城里逃了出来。◆People fled in terror as the bomb exploded.炸弹爆炸后，人们惊恐逃走。◆Hundreds of people were forced to flee their homes.数百人被迫逃离家园。◆They fled the country in 1987.他们于1987年逃离该国。◆The man looked at me in horror, and then turned and fled.那男子惊恐地看着我，然后转身逃跑了。■ˌrun aˈway
phrasal verb
(running, ran, run) (especiallyspoken) to leave a person or place quickly or suddenly, especially in order to get away from danger or trouble突然逃奔，逃离（尤指为脱离危险或困境）◆'Don't run away', the stranger said, 'We're here to help.'“别跑啊，”陌生人说道，“我们是来这儿帮忙的。”◆I tried to run away from home several times when I was a kid.我小时候曾几次试图离家出走。■ˌrun ˈoff
phrasal verb
(running, ran, run) (especially BrE) to leave a person or place quickly by running, often in order to escape from sb/sth逃走，逃掉（常为摆脱某人或某事）◆The dog ran off across the park, barking loudly.那只狗大声吠叫，穿过公园逃走了。◆She ran off when I tried to talk to her.我想要跟她说话时，她逃开了。NOTE辨析 Run away or run off?In British English, if you run off, you physically run away from a person or danger that is right where you are; run away can also be used in this way, but it can also mean to make a sudden journey to get away from a more general trouble or problem in your life.在英式英语中，run off指逃离近在眼前的人或危险；run away亦有此用法，但还可指突然离开，以摆脱生活中更一般性的麻烦或问题◆Why don't we run away to Paris?我们为什么不跑到巴黎去？◆Why don't we run off to Paris?When people physically run away, it is usually because they are frightened; they may run off through fear or just because they want to get away. In American English run away is used for both meanings. * run away通常指因害怕而逃跑；run off既可指因害怕而逃走，亦可指纯粹因想离开而离开。在美式英语中，run away可表示这两种意思。■ˌtake ˈoff
phrasal verb
(took, taken) (informal) to leave a place, especially in a hurry（匆匆）离去；（急忙）离开◆When he saw me coming he took off in the opposite direction.他见我走过来便赶快转身离去。■ˌmake ˈoff
phrasal verb
(made, made)to hurry away from a place, especially after committing a crime or doing sth wrong（尤指犯罪或做错事后）匆忙离开，仓皇逃跑◆The robbers made off before the police arrived.那些抢劫犯在警察到来之前仓皇逃跑了。ⓘ Make off with sth means 'to steal sth and hurry away with it'. * make off with sth指偷走某物、顺手牵羊◆The raiders made off with £20 000 worth of jewellery.那些抢劫者掠走了价值2万英镑的珠宝。■bolt [intransitive](of an animal, especially a horse) to run away suddenly, especially because it is frightened; (of a person) to run away, especially in order to escape（尤指马等动物因受惊）脱缰，奔逃；（人）跑开，逃跑◆The plane swooped down low and the horses bolted.飞机俯冲至低空，那些马受惊脱缰而去。◆For a moment I thought about bolting, but there was no escape.有一刻我想要逃跑，但无路可逃。■ˈrun for it
idiom
(running, ran, run)(often used in orders) to run in order to escape from sb/sth（常用于命令）快跑，快逃◆'Run for it!' Billy yelled.比利大叫道：“快跑！”
demand
noun
demand ♦︎ market ♦︎ a run on sth ♦︎ (no) call for sthThese are all words for the number of people who want to buy goods or services.这些词均表示顾客对货物或服务的需求。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆demand / a market / (no) call for sth◆(a) big / buoyant / huge / growing / steady / changing / current / potential / total / falling demand / market◆(the) consumer / domestic / local / export / foreign / worldwide demand / market◆to create demand / a market◆to stimulate / boost / increase demand / the market■demand [uncountable, singular] (especially business尤用于商业) the number of people who want to buy goods or services（顾客对货物或服务的）需求◆We are struggling to meet the demand for the product.我们正努力满足对该产品的需求。◆Demand is exceeding supply.供不应求。◆There's an increased demand for organic produce these days.现在人们对有机农产品有更大的需求。■market [singular] (business商业) the number of people who want to buy goods or services（顾客对货物或服务的）需求；市场◆The second-hand car market is declining.二手汽车市场正在萎缩。◆There's not much of a market for black and white televisions nowadays.黑白电视机现在没多少市场了。 see also market ⇨ market1NOTE辨析 Demand or market?These words have the same basic meaning, but demand is a more general term, and market is a more specialist business term.这两个词基本含义相同，但demand含义更广，market是较专业的商业用语。They have different grammar and collocation patterns: people talk about the housing/labour market and different product markets, but demand for housing/labour/a product. You can create demand/a market, but you meet/satisfy/increase demand and supply/expand the market. You influence/forecast demand but find/identify a market. People talk about a fall/a decline/an increase/growth in demand but a slump/recovery in the market.两者各有不同的语法和搭配模式，可以说the housing/labour market和product markets，但说demand for housing/labour/a product；可以说create demand/a market，但说meet/satisfy/increase demand和supply/expand the market；可以说influence/forecast demand，但说find/identify a market；可以说a fall/a decline/an increase/growth in demand，但说a slump/recovery in the market。When a business has trouble producing enough goods because so many people want them, people talk about demand rather than the market.当企业无法提供足够产品满足顾客的需求时，所用术语为demand而非market◆We're struggling to meet the market.◆The market exceeds supply.■a run on sth
phrase
(business商业) a sudden demand for sth by a lot of people抢购；争购；需求突增◆There's been a run on the dollar.人们纷纷抢兑美元。◆When the new currency measures were announced there was a run on the bank(= a lot of people suddenly took their money out of the bank).新货币措施公布后，人们争相到银行提取现金。ⓘ Run is often found in financial contexts, but a shop or business might experience a run on anything, for example sun cream, petrol or red roses, especially when sth happens, such as a change in the weather, to create a sudden demand. * run常用于金融语境，但也指对任何商品的抢购，如防晒霜、汽油或红玫瑰，尤其是当某事发生，如天气变化，从而造成某种需求突增。■(no) call for sth
phrase
[singular] (ratherinformal) the desire or need of customers for goods or services（对货物或服务的）需要，需求◆There isn't a lot of call for small specialist shops nowadays.如今对小型专卖店已没有多大需求了。
time2
noun
It's time for lunch.午餐时间到了。a long time ago很久以前time ♦︎ period ♦︎ season ♦︎ while ♦︎ term ♦︎ run ♦︎ spell ♦︎ interval ♦︎ stint ♦︎ span ♦︎ patchThese are all words for a length of time during which sth lasts, happens or is done.这些词均表示一段时间、时期。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a time / a period / a season / a term / a run / a spell / an interval / a stint / a span / a patch of sth◆a time / period / season / term / spell / stint as sth◆for a time / a period / a season / a while / a term / a spell / an interval / a stint / a span◆during a time / a period / a season / a term / a run / a spell / an interval / a stint / a span / a ... patch◆after a time / a period / a season / a while / a term / a run / a spell / an interval / a stint / a ... patch◆a long time / period / season / while / term / run / spell / interval / stint / span◆a short time / period / season / while / term / spell / interval / stint / span◆a brief time / period / season / while / spell / interval / stint / span◆a bad time / period / season / run / spell / patch◆a difficult / lean time / period / season / spell / patch◆a successful time / period / season / term / run / stint◆to have a ... time / period / season / run / spell / patch◆to enjoy a time / period / season / run / spell◆to go through a ... time / period / season / spell / patch◆to do a term / spell / stint■time [countable] a period of time, either long or short, during which you do sth or sth happens（或长或短的）一段时间◆I lived in Egypt for a time.我在埃及住了一阵子。◆His injuries will take a long time to heal.他的伤需要很长一段时间才能好。◆Her parents died a long time ago.她的父母很久以前就去世了。◆At one time(= at a period of time in the past) Emily was my best friend.埃米莉一度是我最好的朋友。◆Mr Curtis was the manager in my time(= when I was working there).我在那里工作时，柯蒂斯先生是经理。◆The early morning is the best time of day.清晨是一天最好的时光。◆There were times－sometimes whole weeks－when I thought it wasn't worth trying to complete the project.有时候－有时是整个星期－我都觉得努力完成这个项目是不值得的。 see also time ⇨ period■period [countable] a length of time during which sth lasts, happens or is done（某事持续、发生或完成的）一段时间，时期◆There was a long period of uncertainty before we knew the final decision.我们知道最终决定前，有很长时间事态并不明朗。◆The factory will be closed down over a period of two years.这家工厂将在两年内关闭。◆This compares with a 4% increase for the same period last year.这和去年同期4%的升幅相若。◆The project will run for a six-month trial period.这个项目将试运行六个月。 see also period ⇨ periodNOTE辨析 Time or period?Time places more emphasis on the feeling of time passing and things happening during the period; period places more emphasis on the amount of time that passed or has passed, and the things that did happen or have happened. * time更强调时间流逝的感觉和在期间发生的事情；period更强调这段时间有多长，以及期间确实发生过的事◆I lived in Egypt for a period.◆The factory will be closed down over a time of two years.When you are talking about things that happen regularly, you can use either word, but period is slightly more formal.当谈论的事情是定期、有规律地发生时，这两个词可以通用，但period稍正式些◆There are extra buses at peak times / periods.繁忙时段公交车会增开班次。■season [countable] a period during a year when a particular activity happens or is done, or when a particular style of clothes, hair, etc. is popular and fashionable（一年中开展某项活动的）季节，旺季；（一年中时装、发型等的）流行期◆the cricket / hunting / shooting season板球赛季；狩猎季节◆the breeding / mating / growing / planting season繁殖／交配／生长／栽种季节◆She scored her first goal of the season on Saturday.她在星期六的比赛中打进了她在本赛季的第一个球。◆The hotels are always full during the peak season(= the period when most people are on holiday).在旺季，这些旅馆总是客满。◆ (BrE) the holiday season度假旺季◆ (NAmE) the tourist season旅游旺季◆ (BrE) Best wishes for the festive season(= Christmas).祝圣诞节节期愉快。◆ (NAmE) the holiday season(= the time of Thanksgiving, Hanukkah, Christmas and New Year)节假日期间（包括感恩节、修殿节、圣诞节和新年）◆It's much cheaper to buy a season ticket(= a single ticket that lasts a whole season).购买季票要便宜得多。◆This season's look is soft and romantic.这段时间的流行风格是柔和、浪漫。ⓘ Season also means a period of time during which a play is shown in one place, or a series of plays, films or television programmes. * season还指一部戏剧在某地的演出期，或一系列戏剧、电影或电视节目的集中上映、荟萃◆The play opens for a second season in London next week.下周这部剧将在伦敦开始第二轮演出。◆a season of films by Alfred Hitchcock阿尔弗雷德•希区柯克电影作品展■while [singular] a period of time一段时间◆They chatted for a while.他们聊了一会儿。◆I'll be back in a little while(= a short time).我一会儿就回来。◆I haven't seen him for quite a while(= a fairly long time).我有一阵子没见到他了。ⓘ While is used especially to talk about the fairly long or fairly short time that sb spends doing sth or waiting for sth to happen, or how long sth takes. * while尤指要么很长，要么很短的时间，如花在做某事或等候的时间，或指做某事要花的时间。■term [countable] a period during which sth lasts; a fixed or limited period of time期；期限；任期◆during the president's first term of / in office在总统的首届任期内◆He faces a maximum prison / jail term of 25 years.他面临25年的最高刑期。◆The term of agreement can be for either two or three years.该协议的期限可为两年或三年。■run [countable] a period during which sth good or bad lasts or is repeated; a series of performances of a play or film一段（幸运或倒霉的）时光；连续上演（或放映）◆a run of good / bad luck一连串好运／厄运◆Liverpool lost to Leeds, ending an unbeaten run of 18 games.利物浦队输给了利兹队，结束了连续18场不败的纪录。◆The show is enjoying a record-breaking run at the Shaftesbury Theatre.这场表演在沙夫茨伯里剧院连续上演，打破了纪录。■spell [countable] a short period during which sth lasts, especially weather; a short period that you spend working somewhere or doing sth（持续的）一段时间（尤指天气）；（在某处工作或干某事的）短期时间◆We had a spell of warm weather in April.4月份我们度过了一段温暖的日子。◆a cold / hot / wet / bright spell一段寒冷／炎热／多雨／晴朗的日子◆She went to the doctor complaining of dizzy spells.她去找医生看病，说自己一阵阵地眩晕。◆I spent a brief spell on the Washington Post.我曾在《华盛顿邮报》工作过一小段时间。■interval [countable, usually plural] a short period during which sth different happens from what is happening the rest of the time（其他事情）穿插出现的间隙◆She's delirious most of the time, but has lucid intervals.她大部分时间神志昏乱，但有时清醒。◆She ruled for ten years, except for a brief interval.除了短暂间歇之外，她统治了十年。■stint [countable] a period that you spend working somewhere or doing a particular activity从事某项工作（或活动）的时间◆She did a stint abroad early in her career.她刚参加工作时在国外干过一段时间。◆He hated his two-year stint in the Navy.他憎恨在海军服役的那两年。■span [countable] the length of time that sth lasts or is able to continue持续时间◆I worked with him several times over a span of six years.六年之中我和他共事过几次。◆This textbook covers the entire span of Arab history.这本教科书涵盖了整个阿拉伯的历史。◆The project must be completed within a specific time span.这项工程必须在规定期限内完成。◆Small children have a short attention span.幼儿注意力持续时间短。■patch [countable] (especially BrE, informal) a period of the type mentioned, usually a difficult or unhappy one一段（艰难）岁月；一段（痛苦）日子◆The team has been through a rough patch recently.团队近来经历了一段艰难时期。