| 例句 |
take verb
⇨ take 1 (take your things with you) ⇨ take 2 (take sb home) ⇨ take 3 (take your books off the table) ⇨ take 4 (I passed him the rope and he took it.) ⇨ take 5 (take a job/sb's advice) ⇨ take 6 (take an opportunity) ⇨ take 7 (take the blame) ⇨ take 8 (He took the painting for a genuine Van Gogh.) ⇨ take 9 (take drugs) ⇨ arrest (take sb prisoner) ⇨ buy (I'll take the grey jacket.) ⇨ consider (Take London, for example.) ⇨ continue 1 (It takes an hour.) ⇨ cross (take a corner very fast) ⇨ discount (take 5 from 12) ⇨ get 1 (take samples from the river) ⇨ get 5 (take the train) ⇨ have 3 (take a fall) ⇨ invade (take a city) ⇨ respond (take sb/sth seriously) ⇨ stand 2 (sb can't take criticism) ⇨ steal (What did the burglars take?)take noun
⇨ revenue (the North Sea oil take) ⇨ give and take ⇨ compromisetake1 verb take your things with you 把你的东西带上take sb home 领某人回家take your books off the table 把你的书从桌子上拿开I passed him the rope and he took it. 我把绳子递给他，他接了过去。take a job/bribes/sb's advice 接受一份工作／贿赂／某人的建议take an opportunity 把握机会take the blame 承担过错的责任He took the painting for a genuine Van Gogh. 他误以为这幅画是凡•高的真迹。take drugs 吸毒 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ get 3 另见get条第3义take ♦︎ bring ♦︎ deliver ♦︎ ship ♦︎ carry ♦︎ transport ♦︎ fly ♦︎ ferry ♦︎ leaveThese words all mean to move sth from one place to another. 这些词均表示将某物运走、运输、运送。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to take / bring / deliver / ship / carry / transport / fly / ferry sb / sth to / from sb / sth◆to take / bring / ship / carry / transport / fly / ferry sb / sth back / home◆to take / bring sb / sth with you◆to take / bring / deliver / carry / transport / ferry sb / sth by car / rail / truck, etc.◆to take / bring / deliver / transport sb / sth by air / sea / land■ take (took, taken) [transitive] to move or carry sth with you from one place to another 携带；拿走；取走◆Take this to the bank for me, would you?请替我把这个送到银行去好吗？◆My things had already been taken to my room.我的东西已经拿到了我的房间。◆Think about what you need to take for the trip.想想你这次行程需要带的东西。◆All she had taken was her passport and driving licence.她只带了护照和驾照。◆Should I take him a gift?我是否应该给他带件礼物？ⓘ You can also take a person somewhere. * take也可指将某人带到某处。 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ take 2 另见take条第2义■ bring (brought, brought) [transitive] to have or carry sb/sth with you when you come to a place 将⋯带到某处；带来；取来◆Remember to bring your books with you.别忘了把书带来。◆The ferries brought tourists in their hundreds.渡轮载来数百名游客。◆I've brought something to show you.我带了件东西来给你看。◆Bring a present for Helen.给海伦带件礼物来。◆Bring Helen a present.给海伦带件礼物来。NOTE 辨析 Take or bring? Take is used from the point of view of the person who is going somewhere with sth; bring is used from the point of view of sb who is already in the place the person is going to. * take是从带着某物去某处的人的角度讲，bring是从已在目的地的人的角度讲。■ deliver [transitive, intransitive] to take goods, letters, etc. to the person or people they have been sent to; to take sb somewhere 递送；传送；交付；运载◆Leaflets have been delivered to every household.传单已经发送到每家每户。◆to have groceries / flowers / packages delivered把杂货／鲜花／包裹送递出◆She delivered the kids on time at their father's house.她准时把孩子们送到他们的父亲家。◆We promise to deliver within 24 hours.我们承诺在24小时内送到。 see also delivery ⇨ delivery ■ ship (-pp-) [transitive] to send sb/sth by ship or by another means of transport 船运；运输；运送◆The company ships its goods all over the world.公司把货物运往世界各地。◆He was arrested and shipped back to the UK for trial.他被捕后被押解回英国受审。 see also shipment , shipping ⇨ delivery , shipment ⇨ lot ■ carry [transitive] (often used in the progressive tenses 常用于进行时) to take sb/sth from one place to another, especially in a vehicle （尤指用交通工具）运输，运送，输送◆The boat can carry up to five people.那条船最多可以载五人。◆The truck was carrying illegal drugs worth up to $2 million.那辆卡车上载有价值高达200万元的非法毒品。■ transport [transitive, often passive] to take sb/sth from one place to another in a vehicle （用交通工具）运输，运送，输送◆Too many goods are currently being transported by road.现在经由陆路运输的货物太多了。◆The animals are transported in trucks, often without being fed or watered for days.那些动物用卡车运送，经常好几天都不给喂食和给水喝。 see also transport ⇨ delivery noun NOTE 辨析 Carry or transport? Carry is used especially to talk about people; transport is used especially to talk about goods. When transport is used to talk about people or animals, it can suggest that they are being treated like goods. * carry尤指运送人，transport尤指运送货物。当transport用于谈论人或动物时，意味着人或动物被当成货物般对待。■ fly (flew, flown) [transitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to transport goods or passengers in a plane 空运（货物或乘客）◆The stranded tourists were finally flown home.受困的旅客终于由飞机送返家园。◆He had flowers specially flown in for the ceremony.他特地为这个典礼空运来鲜花。■ ferry [transitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常与副词或介词连用) to take people or goods from one place to another in a boat or other vehicle, especially for a short distance or as a regular service （用船或其他交通工具）运送（人或货物）；渡运，摆渡（尤指短途或作为常规服务）◆He offered to ferry us across the river in his boat.他提出我们可以坐他的船渡河。◆You really don't have to ferry us around while we're in town.我们在城里时，你真的不需要用车接我们到处逛。■ leave (left, left) [transitive] to deliver sth and then go away 递送；递交；投递◆Someone left this note for you.有人给你送来这张便条。◆Someone left you this note.有人给你送来这张便条。ⓘ Common collocates of leave in this meaning are letter, note, card, etc., parcel, package, etc. and present/gift. 表达此义时，leave的常见搭配词有letter、note、card、parcel、package、present和gift等。 take2 verb take your things with you 把你的东西带上take sb home 领某人回家take your books off the table 把你的书从桌子上拿开I passed him the rope and he took it. 我把绳子递给他，他接了过去。take a job/bribes/sb's advice 接受一份工作／贿赂／某人的建议take an opportunity 把握机会take the blame 承担过错的责任He took the painting for a genuine Van Gogh. 他误以为这幅画是凡•高的真迹。take drugs 吸毒 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ accompany 另见accompany条take ♦︎ lead ♦︎ escort ♦︎ drive ♦︎ show ♦︎ walk ♦︎ guide ♦︎ usher ♦︎ directThese words all mean to go with sb from one place to another. 这些词均表示带领、引领、领路。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to take / lead / escort / drive / show / walk / guide / usher / direct sb to / out of / into sth◆to take / lead / escort / drive / walk / guide / usher / direct sb there / somewhere◆to take / lead / escort / drive / show / walk / guide sb around / round◆to take / lead / escort / drive / walk sb home◆to take / lead / escort / show / guide / usher sb in / out◆to take / lead / escort / guide sb to safety◆to lead / show the way■ take (took, taken) [transitive] to go with sb from one place to another, for example in order to show them sth or to show them the way to a place 带去；引领◆It's too far to walk－I'll take you by car.步行路太远，我开车送你去。◆The boy took us to our rooms.那个男孩带我们到各自的房间。◆I asked them if they'd take me with them.我问他们是否会带上我。◆I'm taking the kids swimming later.我待会儿带孩子们去游泳。■ lead (led, led) [transitive, intransitive] to go with or go in front of sb in order to show them the way or to make them go in the right direction 带路；领路；引领◆She led the horse back into the stable.她把那匹马牵回了马厩。◆Firefighters led the survivors to safety.消防员将幸存者带到了安全的地方。◆If you lead, I'll follow.你领头，我会跟着。OPP follow ⇨ follow 1 ■ escort / /ɪˈskɔːt; NAmE ɪˈskɔːrt/ [transitive] to go with sb in order to protect or guard them or to show them the way 护卫；护送；引领◆The president arrived, escorted by twelve guards.总统在十二名卫兵护送下到达。◆The prisoners were escorted back to their cells.囚犯被押回牢房。■ drive (drove, driven) [transitive] to take sb somewhere in a car, taxi, etc. 驾车送（某人）◆My mother drove us to the airport.我妈妈开车送我们到了机场。■ show (showed, shown) [transitive] to take sb to a particular place, in the right direction, or along the correct route 引领；带领◆They'll need someone to show them the way.他们需要有人带路。◆'There's a Mr Smith here to see you.' 'Show him in.'“这儿有一位史密斯先生想见你。”“带他进来。” see also show ⇨ point verb ■ walk [transitive] to go somewhere with sb on foot, especially in order to make sure that they get there safely; to take an animal, especially a dog, for a walk or make an animal walk somewhere 陪伴⋯走；护送⋯走；牵着（狗等动物）走；遛；赶着⋯走◆He always walked her home.他经常陪她走回家。◆She walks the dog every day at about two o'clock.她每天两点左右遛狗。◆He walked the pony up and down the yard.他牵着马在院子里来回走着。■ guide [transitive] to show sb the way to a place, often by going with them; to show sb a place that you know well 给（某人）领路（或导览）；指引◆She guided us through the busy streets.她带领我们穿过繁忙的街道。◆We were guided around the museums.我们被领着参观了几家博物馆。■ usher /ˈʌʃə(r)/ / [transitive] (rather formal, especially written) to politely take or show sb where they should go, especially within a building （尤指在建筑物内）把⋯引往，引导◆The secretary ushered me into her office.秘书把我领进她的办公室。◆She ushered her guests to their seats.她把客人带到他们的座位上。■ direct [transitive] (rather formal) to tell or show sb how to get somewhere or where to go 给（某人）指路；为（某人）领路◆A young woman directed them to the station.一个年轻女子告诉了他们去车站怎么走。◆A police officer was directing the traffic.一名警察在引导交通。◆He was directed to a table beside the window.他被带到一张靠窗的桌子。 see also direction ⇨ way 3 take3 verb take your things with you 把你的东西带上take sb home 领某人回家take your books off the table 把你的书从桌子上拿开I passed him the rope and he took it. 我把绳子递给他，他接了过去。take a job/bribes/sb's advice 接受一份工作／贿赂／某人的建议take an opportunity 把握机会take the blame 承担过错的责任He took the painting for a genuine Van Gogh. 他误以为这幅画是凡•高的真迹。take drugs 吸毒take ♦︎ remove ♦︎ stripThese words all mean to get sb/sth and move them away from a place or thing 这些词均表示拿开、取出、挪开。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to take / remove / strip sb / sth from sb / sth◆to simply / easily / quickly / carefully / forcibly / wrongfully / unlawfully / illegally take / remove sth■ take (took, taken) [transitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to get sb/sth and move them away from a place 拿开；取出；挪开◆The sign must be taken down.这个指示牌一定要摘下来。◆He took some keys out of his pocket.他从口袋里取出几把钥匙。◆My name had been taken off the list.我的名字从名单上画掉了。■ remove [transitive] (rather formal, especially written) to take sb/sth away from a place 移开；拿开；开除◆He removed his hand from her shoulder.他将手从她的肩膀上拿开。◆Illegally parked vehicles will be removed.非法停放的车辆将被拖走。◆Remove the pan from the heat and continue to stir the sauce.将锅从火上拿开，继续搅拌调味汁。■ strip (-pp-) [transitive] to remove a layer from sth, especially so that it is completely bare 除去，剥去（一层）；（尤指）剥光◆Strip off all the existing paint.把现有的油漆全部除掉。◆Deer had stripped the tree of its bark.鹿啃掉了树皮。◆After the guests had gone, I stripped all the beds (= removed all the sheets in order to wash them).客人走后，我把被罩床单全都撤了下来。 take4 verb take your things with you 把你的东西带上take sb home 领某人回家take your books off the table 把你的书从桌子上拿开I passed him the rope and he took it. 我把绳子递给他，他接了过去。take a job/bribes/sb's advice 接受一份工作／贿赂／某人的建议take an opportunity 把握机会take the blame 承担过错的责任He took the painting for a genuine Van Gogh. 他误以为这幅画是凡•高的真迹。take drugs 吸毒take ♦︎ grab ♦︎ snatch ♦︎ catch ♦︎ seizeThese words all mean to take or hold sb/sth with your hand suddenly, firmly or roughly. 这些词均表示用手抓住、捉住、夺取。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to take / grab / snatch / seize sth from sb◆to grab / snatch at sth◆to take / grab / catch / seize hold of sb / sth◆to take / grab / snatch / catch / seize sth suddenly / quickly◆to take / grab / catch / seize sth immediately■ take (took, taken) [transitive] to put your hands or arms on or around sb/sth and hold them/it; to reach for sb/sth and hold them/it 拿；抱；握；取；接◆I passed him the rope and he took it.我把绳子递给他，他接了过去。◆Free newspapers: please take one.免费报纸，请取一份。◆Can you take (= hold) the baby for a moment?你能抱一会儿孩子吗？◆He took her hand / took her by the hand (= held her hand, for example to lead her somewhere).他拉着她的手。■ grab (-bb-) [transitive, intransitive] to get your hands on and hold or pull sb/sth suddenly, firmly or roughly 抓住；攫取◆She grabbed the child's hand and ran.她抓住孩子的手就跑。◆He grabbed hold of me and wouldn't let go.他抓住我不松手。◆Someone grabbed me from behind.有人从后面抓住我。◆Don't grab－there's plenty for everyone.别抢－多着呢，人人有份。◆She grabbed at (= tried to grab) the branch, missed and fell.她伸手抓树枝，但没抓住，跌倒了。■ snatch [transitive, intransitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常与副词或介词连用) to take sth, usually from sb else, quickly and often rudely or roughly （通常粗暴无礼地）一把抓起，一下夺过◆She managed to snatch the gun from his hand.她设法从他手里夺过了枪。◆He snatched at (= tried to take hold of) the steering wheel.他伸手去抓方向盘。NOTE 辨析 Grab or snatch? Snatch is most often used when sb takes sth directly from a person's hands; grab has a wider range of uses. * snatch最常指某人从另一人手中直接夺过某物，grab使用范围更广。■ catch (caught, caught) [transitive] to stop and hold a moving object, especially in your hands; to take hold of sb/sth （尤指用手）接住，截住；抓住◆She managed to catch the keys as they fell.她接住了落下的钥匙。◆'Throw me over that towel, will you?' 'OK. Catch!'“请把那条毛巾扔给我好吗？”“好，接住！”◆The dog caught the stick in its mouth.狗衔住了木棍。◆He caught hold of her arm as she tried to push past him.她试图从他身边挤过时，他一把抓住了她的胳膊。ⓘ You can catch sth that is falling, or sth that has been thrown. Unlike with the other words in this group, you cannot 'catch sth from sb'. * catch的对象是坠物或抛掷物。不像本组其他词，不可以说catch sth from sb◆I threw the bag in the air and she caught it.我把包扔到空中，她接住了。◆She caught the bag from me and ran away. ■ seize / /siːz/ / [transitive] (rather formal, especially written) to take sb/sth in your hand suddenly and using force 抓住；捉住；夺◆She tried to seize the gun from him.她试图夺他的枪。◆He seized her by the arm.他抓住她的胳膊。◆She seized hold of my hand.她抓住我的手。 take5 verb take your things with you 把你的东西带上take sb home 领某人回家take your books off the table 把你的书从桌子上拿开I passed him the rope and he took it. 我把绳子递给他，他接了过去。take a job/bribes/sb's advice 接受一份工作／贿赂／某人的建议take an opportunity 把握机会take the blame 承担过错的责任He took the painting for a genuine Van Gogh. 他误以为这幅画是凡•高的真迹。take drugs 吸毒take ♦︎ accept ♦︎ take sb/sth on ♦︎ take sth upThese words all mean to say 'yes' to an offer, invitation or request. 这些词均表示接受提议、邀请或请求。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to take / accept / take on a job / post / position / role / responsibility◆to take / accept / take on new clients◆to take / accept / take up an offer◆to accept / take up a / an invitation / suggestion◆to accept / take on / take up a challenge◆to take / accept sth gratefully / reluctantly◆to accept / take sth on gladly■ take (took, taken) [transitive] to say 'yes' to an offer or request; to agree to receive sth 接受（提议或请求）；收到◆If they offer me the job, I'll take it.如果他们给我这份工作，我会接受。◆Does the hotel take credit cards?这家旅馆接受信用卡付款吗？◆I'll take the call in my office.我会在我的办公室里接这通电话。◆If you take my advice you'll have nothing more to do with him.你要是听我劝，就不要再和他来往。◆Will you take $10 for the book (= will you sell it for $10)?这本书10块钱你卖吗？◆The store took (= sold goods worth) $100 000 last week.这家店上星期营业额为10万元。ⓘ In this meaning, take is often used in business contexts. 表达此义时，take常用于商务语境◆take a job接受一份工作◆take a cheque / credit card / £50 note接受支票／信用卡／50英镑钞票◆take a particular amount of money for sth为某物接受一定数额的钱 ■ accept [intransitive, transitive] (rather formal) to say 'yes' to an offer, request or invitation; to take willingly sth that is offered 接受（提议、请求或邀请）；收受◆He asked me to marry him and I accepted.他向我求婚，我答应了。◆Please accept our sincere apologies.请接受我们真诚的道歉。◆She's decided not to accept the job.她决定不接受这份工作。◆She said she'd accept $15 for it.她说她要15元才卖。OPP refuse , decline ⇨ refuse ▸ acceptance / /əkˈseptəns/ / noun [uncountable, countable] ◆Please confirm your acceptance of this offer in writing.请书面确认你接受这个提议。◆So far we have had one refusal and three acceptances.迄今为止，我们收到一个回绝，三个接受。■ ˌtake sb/sth ˈon phrasal verb (took, taken)to decide to do sth; to agree to be responsible for sb/sth 决定做；同意负责；承担（责任）◆I can't take on any extra work.我不能承担任何额外的工作。◆We're not taking on any new clients at present.目前我们不接收新客户。ⓘ People typically take on work, chores, tasks or a particular job, position, role, responsibility or challenge. Companies may take on more staff or clients. * take on的宾语常为work、chore、task或具体的job、position、role、responsibility或challenge。公司雇用更多员工或接受更多客户可以用take on more staff/clients。■ ˌtake sth ˈup■ ˌtake sb ˈup on sth phrasal verb (took, taken)to say 'yes' to an offer or invitation 接受（提议或邀请）◆He urged us to take up the challenge.他力劝我们接受挑战。◆She took him up on his offer of a drink.他想请她喝一杯，她同意了。ⓘ Take sth up is most often used with invitation, offer or challenge. * take sth up最常与invitation、offer或challenge连用。 OPP turn sb/sth down ⇨ refuse take6 verb take your things with you 把你的东西带上take sb home 领某人回家take your books off the table 把你的书从桌子上拿开I passed him the rope and he took it. 我把绳子递给他，他接了过去。take a job/bribes/sb's advice 接受一份工作／贿赂／某人的建议take an opportunity 把握机会take the blame 承担过错的责任He took the painting for a genuine Van Gogh. 他误以为这幅画是凡•高的真迹。take drugs 吸毒take ♦︎ seize ♦︎ seize on/upon sth ♦︎ grab ♦︎ jump at sthThese words all mean to be quick to make use of an opportunity to do or have sth. 这些词均表示把握机会。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to take / seize / seize on / grab / jump at a / an chance / opportunity◆to take / seize / seize on / grab the initiative◆to seize on / jump at an idea◆to take / seize on sth immediately / eagerly◆to seize / grab sth with both hands■ take (took, taken) [transitive] to make use of an opportunity to do or have sth 把握（机会）◆Take the initiative and fill your life with exciting experiences.要有积极主动的心态，让自己有精彩的人生。◆England failed to take their chances and had to settle for a draw.英格兰队没有抓住机会，落得平局的赛果。■ seize / /siːz/ / [transitive] (especially journalism 尤用于新闻) to be quick to make use of an opportunity to do or have sth 抓住，把握（机会）◆The party seized the initiative with both hands (= quickly and with enthusiasm).该党迅速掌握主动权。NOTE 辨析 Take or seize?In this meaning both these words only collocate with opportunity, chance and initiative. Seize suggests greater eagerness than take. Take a chance has two possible meanings: it can mean 'take a risk' as well as 'take an opportunity'; seize a chance only means 'take an opportunity'. 表达此义时，这两个词均只与opportunity、chance和initiative搭配。seize比take显得更为热切。take a chance有两种意思，可指冒险，亦可指抓住机会。seize a chance仅指抓住机会。■ ˈseize on sth■ ˈseize upon sth phrasal verb to suddenly show a lot of interest in sth, especially because you can use it to your advantage 突然大为关注；（尤指）抓住（可利用的事物）◆Peter seized on her last comment.彼得突然对她最后的评论非常关注。◆The rumours were eagerly seized upon by the local press.当地报界迫不及待地揪住这些传闻。ⓘ People might seize on/upon anything that sb does or says if they want to criticize them or publish details of it. 可以用seize on/upon来表示对某人的言行加以批评或发布详情。■ grab (-bb-) [transitive, intransitive] (rather informal) to be quick to make use of an opportunity to do or have sth 抓住，把握（机会）◆This was my big chance and I grabbed it with both hands.这是我的大好机会，我紧紧抓住了。◆He'll grab at any excuse to avoid hard work.他会找各种借口来逃避苦差事。■ ˈjump at sth phrasal verb (rather informal) to enthusiastically accept an opportunity or offer 迫不及待地接受，欣然接受（机会或提议）◆I jumped at the chance of a new job.我欣然接受了新的工作。 take7 verb take your things with you 把你的东西带上take sb home 领某人回家take your books off the table 把你的书从桌子上拿开I passed him the rope and he took it. 我把绳子递给他，他接了过去。take a job/bribes/sb's advice 接受一份工作／贿赂／某人的建议take an opportunity 把握机会take the blame 承担过错的责任He took the painting for a genuine Van Gogh. 他误以为这幅画是凡•高的真迹。take drugs 吸毒take ♦︎ assume ♦︎ carry ♦︎ bear ♦︎ accept ♦︎ shoulderThese words all mean to begin to have responsibility for sth. 这些词均表示承担责任。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to take / assume / carry / bear / accept / shoulder sth for sb / sth◆to take / assume / carry / bear / accept / shoulder the responsibility◆to take / carry / bear / accept / shoulder the blame◆to take / bear / accept the consequences◆to assume / carry / bear / accept / shoulder the burden◆to carry / bear / accept / shoulder the cost◆to take / assume / accept sth willingly / reluctantly■ take (took, taken) [transitive] to begin to have power or responsibility for sth; to suffer the results of sth, especially sth you have done wrong 承担（责任）；就（职）；承受（后果或过错）◆A military junta took control of the country.一个军人集团控制了那个国家。◆Why should I take the blame for somebody else's mistakes?我为什么要代人受过呢？ⓘ In this meaning take collocates with responsibility, control, blame, brunt and consequences. 表达此义时，take和responsibility、control、blame、brunt和consequences搭配。■ assume /əˈsjuːm; NAmE əˈsuːm/ [transitive] (formal) to take or begin to have power or responsibility 承担（责任）；就（职）；取得（权力）◆The court assumed responsibility for the girl's welfare.法庭承担了保障这个女孩福祉的责任。◆A military junta assumed power in 1988.1988年，一个军人集团掌了权。■ carry [transitive] to take responsibility for sth; to suffer the results of sth bad, even when this is not your fault 承担（责任）；承受（恶果，即便非己之过）◆He is carrying the whole department (= it is only working because of his efforts).他支撑着整个部门。◆Their group was targeted to carry the burden of job losses.他们那个小组被选为裁员的目标。■ bear (bore, borne) [transitive] (rather formal, written) to take responsibility for getting sth done; to suffer the results of sth bad, even when this is not your fault 承担（完成某事的责任）；承受（恶果，即便非己之过）◆Do parents have to bear the whole cost of tuition fees?父母是否应当负担全部学费？◆Schools will bear the brunt of cuts in government spending.政府削减开支，学校将首当其冲受到影响。ⓘ To bear/take the brunt of sth means to receive the main force of sth unpleasant. * bear/take the brunt of sth指承受某事的主要破坏力，首当其冲。■ accept [transitive] to admit that you are responsible or to blame for sth bad that has happened 承认，承担（责任或过失）◆The company cannot accept liability for any damage caused by natural disasters.公司不承担任何自然灾害导致的损失。■ shoulder [transitive] to accept the responsibility for sth, especially for getting a job done or improving a bad situation 承担（责任，尤指完成工作或改进不好的状况）◆These women shoulder the double burden of childcare and full-time work.这些妇女既要照顾孩子又要做全职工作，承担着双重负担。 take8 verb take your things with you 把你的东西带上take sb home 领某人回家take your books off the table 把你的书从桌子上拿开I passed him the rope and he took it. 我把绳子递给他，他接了过去。take a job/bribes/sb's advice 接受一份工作／贿赂／某人的建议take an opportunity 把握机会take the blame 承担过错的责任He took the painting for a genuine Van Gogh. 他误以为这幅画是凡•高的真迹。take drugs 吸毒take ♦︎ mistake sb/sth for sb/sth ♦︎ confuse ♦︎ mix sb/sth upThese words all mean to think that sb/sth is sb/sth else. 这些词均表示将某人或某物误认为、错当成。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to take / mistake sb / sth for sb / sth◆to confuse sb / sth / mix sb / sth up with sb / sth◆to be easily mistaken for / confused with sb / sth■ take (took, taken) [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to consider sb/sth to be sb/sth, especially when you are wrong （尤指错误地）以为，把⋯看做；误认为◆Even the experts took the painting to be a genuine Van Gogh.连行家都误以为这幅画是凡•高的真迹。◆I mistakenly took her for the Senator's wife.我误以为她是那名参议员的妻子。◆He's not the fool you take him for.他不像你认为的那样愚蠢。◆ (spoken) Of course I didn't do it! What do you take me for (= what kind of person do you think I am)?那当然不是我干的！你把我当成什么人了？■ miˈstake sb/sth for sb/sth phrasal verb (mistook, mistaken)to think wrongly that sb/sth is sb/sth else 把⋯错当成◆I think you must be mistaking me for someone else.我看你准是把我当成别人了。◆She was annoyed when I mistook her for a waitress.我错把她当成女招待，她很恼火。■ confuse [transitive] to think wrongly that sb/sth is sb/sth else 把⋯错当成◆People often confuse me and my twin sister.人们常把我和我的孪生妹妹搞错。◆Be careful not to confuse quantity with quality.注意不要把数量与质量混淆了。◆The Tasmanian wolf is not to be confused with the dingo.不要把袋狼和澳洲野犬搞混。■ ˌmix sb/sth ˈup phrasal verb (rather informal, especially spoken) to confuse sb/sth with sb/sth else 误以为⋯是；弄错；搞混◆She always gets her left and right mixed up.她总是左右不分。 take9 verb take your things with you 把你的东西带上take sb home 领某人回家take your books off the table 把你的书从桌子上拿开I passed him the rope and he took it. 我把绳子递给他，他接了过去。take a job/bribes/sb's advice 接受一份工作／贿赂／某人的建议take an opportunity 把握机会take the blame 承担过错的责任He took the painting for a genuine Van Gogh. 他误以为这幅画是凡•高的真迹。take drugs 吸毒take ♦︎ use ♦︎ doThese words all mean to put drugs or medicine into your body. 这些词均表示服药。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to take / use / do drugs◆to take / use heroin■ take (took, taken) [transitive] to put medicine or drugs in your body 服（药）；吸（毒）◆The doctor has given me some medicine to take for my cough.医生已给我开了些药治咳嗽。◆He started taking drugs (= illegal drugs) at college.他上大学时开始吸毒。■ use [transitive, intransitive] to take illegal drugs 吸（毒）◆Most of the inmates here have used drugs at some point in their lives.这里的大多数囚犯都在人生的某个阶段服用过毒品。◆ (slang) She's been using since she was 13.她13岁起就长期吸毒。■ do (does, did, done) [transitive] (informal) to take illegal drugs 吸（毒）◆He doesn't smoke, drink or do drugs.他不抽烟，不喝酒，也不吸毒。 arrest verb arrest ♦︎ catch ♦︎ capture ♦︎ take ♦︎ apprehend ♦︎ bustThese words all mean to stop sb and prevent them from escaping. 这些词均表示逮住某人。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to arrest / take / apprehend / bust sb for sth■ arrest [transitive, often passive](of the police) to formally stop and question sb about a crime that they might have committed （警方）逮捕，拘留◆A man has been arrested in connection with the robbery.一名男子因与这桩抢劫案有关已被逮捕。◆You could get arrested for doing that.你干那种事可能要遭逮捕。ⓘ A person who has been arrested will often be taken to a police station, where they can be questioned further so that the police can decide if they should be released or charged (= formally accused of a crime). 被捕的人常常被带到警察局进一步受审，然后警方才能确定该释放还是起诉被捕者。▸ arrest noun [countable, uncountable] ◆The police made several arrests.警方逮捕了好几人。◆She was put under arrest.她被捕了。■ catch (caught, caught) [transitive] to stop sb and prevent them from escaping 逮住；拘捕◆The police say they are doing all they can to catch the culprits.警方说他们正全力缉拿罪犯。■ capture [transitive] to catch a person and keep them as a prisoner 俘虏；俘获◆Allied troops captured over 300 enemy soldiers.盟军俘获了300多名敌方士兵。▸ capture noun [uncountable] ◆He evaded capture for three days.他逃过抓捕三天了。■ take (took, taken) [transitive] to get control of sb and prevent them from escaping by using force or the threat of force, especially in a war （尤指战争中用武力或以武力威胁）控制，抓获◆The rebels took him prisoner.反叛者俘虏了他。◆The bank robbers took several employees hostage.银行劫匪抓了几个职员作人质。■ apprehend / /ˌæprɪˈhend/ / [transitive] (formal) (of the police) to catch sb and arrest them （警方）逮捕，拘押◆The police apprehended an armed suspect near the scene of the crime.警方在案发现场附近逮捕了一名持械疑犯。■ bust [transitive] (informal) to arrest sb for a crime; (of the police) to suddenly enter a place and search it or arrest sb 抓捕（罪犯）；（警方）突击搜查，突击搜捕◆He was busted for drunk driving.他因酒后驾车被拘捕了。◆The cops busted the place frequently.警察经常突击搜查那个地方。ⓘ Saying that sb has been busted for a crime often means that they have been arrested, charged and found guilty of the crime in court. Bust is not often used in this way to talk about very serious crimes such as murder. It is often used to talk about crimes involving drugs or alcohol. * be busted常指某人因犯罪被拘捕、控告而且在法庭上被判有罪。因涉及谋杀等严重罪行的拘捕一般不用bust。bust常指因涉及毒品或醉酒的拘捕。 buy verb buy ♦︎ get ♦︎ purchase ♦︎ acquire ♦︎ shop ♦︎ take ♦︎ pick sth up ♦︎ snap sth upThese words all mean to obtain sth by paying money for it. 这些词均表示买、购买。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to buy sth / get sth / purchase sth / acquire sth / shop / pick sth up / snap sth up for £10, $2 million, etc.◆to buy sth / get sth / go shopping for sb◆to buy / get / purchase / acquire sth from sb / a particular shop◆to buy / get / purchase / acquire / pick up / snap up shares◆to buy / get / purchase / acquire / snap up (a) property / company / house◆to buy / get / purchase / acquire / take goods / a lease◆to buy / get / purchase / acquire land / premises / a site / tickets◆to buy / get / purchase / take a newspaper / magazine◆to get / pick up / snap up a bargain◆to buy sth / purchase sth / acquire sth / pick sth up cheaply■ buy (bought, bought) [transitive, intransitive] to obtain sth by paying money for it; (of money) to be enough to pay for sth 买；购买；（钱）够支付◆I bought this from a friend for £10.这是我从朋友那里花10英镑买来的。◆He bought me a new coat.他给我买了一件新外套。◆If you're thinking of getting a new car, now is a good time to buy.你要是想买辆新车的话，现在正是时候。◆Five pounds doesn't buy much nowadays.如今五英镑买不到多少东西。◆He gave his children the best education that money can buy.他让孩子们接受花钱能买到的最好的教育。 see also buyer ⇨ customer ■ get (getting, got, got; NAmE spoken getting, got, gotten) [transitive, no passive] (rather informal, especially spoken) to obtain sth by paying money for it; to buy sth, for example a newspaper or magazine, regularly 买；购买；定期买（报纸、杂志等）◆Did you get a present for your mother?给你母亲买礼物了吗？◆Did you get your mother a present?给你母亲买礼物了吗？◆You can get the basic model for $100.花100元可以买到这个产品的基本款。◆Which newspaper do you get?你订阅什么报纸？ⓘ Get also has the wider meaning of 'obtain sth', whether you pay money for it or not. * get还泛指得到、获得，无论花钱与否。Compare 比较◆'Where did you get that skirt?' 'I bought it.'“你那条裙子哪儿来的？”“我买的。”◆'Where did you buy / get that skirt?' 'Topshop.'“你那条裙子在哪儿买的？”“Topshop专卖店。” Get is frequently used to mean 'buy', especially in spoken English and when talking about less expensive items, but if you need to make it clear that sb paid money for sth, use buy. * get经常指“买”，尤其在口语中和谈到不太贵的东西时，但如果需要讲明某物是花钱买的，则用buy。 see also get ⇨ get 1 ■ purchase / /ˈpɜːtʃəs; NAmE ˈpɜːrtʃəs/ [transitive] (formal) to buy sth 买；购买；采购◆The equipment can be purchased from your local supplier.这种设备可从您当地的供应商购买。◆Please ensure that you purchase your ticket in advance.请务必提前购票。 see also purchaser ⇨ customer ■ acquire /əˈkwaɪə(r)/ / [transitive] (formal, especially business 尤用于商业) to obtain sth by buying it 购得；买到◆The company has just acquired new premises.公司刚购得新办公楼。◆How did the gallery come to acquire so many Picassos?这家画廊是如何购得这么多毕加索作品的？NOTE 辨析 Purchase or acquire? Acquire is used especially with words relating to business: company, firm, franchise, land, lease, premises, site, stake, subsidiary. Purchase is simply a formal alternative to buy, and can be used with a far wider range of nouns. Acquire can also mean 'obtain sth by being given it'; if you need to make it clear that sb paid money for sth, use buy or purchase. * acquire尤其跟company、firm、franchise、land、lease、premises、site、stake、subsidiary等与商业相关的词连用。purchase只是buy的正式说法，可以跟范围广得多的名词连用。acquire还可指获得、得到；如果需要讲明某物是花钱买的，则用buy或purchase。 see also acquire ⇨ get 1 ■ shop (-pp-) [intransitive] to buy things in shops 去商店买；在商店购物◆We tend to go into Edinburgh to shop for clothes.我们一般去爱丁堡买衣服。◆He likes to shop at the local market.他喜欢到本地市场买东西。ⓘ To go shopping is to spend time going to shops and looking for things to buy. * go shopping的意思是逛商店◆There should be plenty of time to go shopping before we leave New York.我们离开纽约前应该还有充足的时间去逛商店。 see also shopper ⇨ customer ■ take (took, taken) [transitive] to choose to buy sth 选购◆I'll take the grey jacket.我要那件灰色夹克衫。ⓘ In this meaning take is only used when it is clear that you are choosing sth, especially in the phrase I'll take... In the sentence She took the grey jacket, for example, took could be misunderstood to mean stole. Take can also be used as a more formal way of saying get, when it means 'to buy a newspaper or magazine regularly'. 表达此义时，take只用于很明确是挑选东西的场合，尤用于短语I'll take ...。比如，在She took the grey jacket 这句话里，took有可能被误解为偷窃。take表示定期购买某报刊时，是get的较为正式的说法◆ (formal) We take the 'Express'.我们订阅了《快报》。 ■ ˌpick sth ˈup phrasal verb (informal) to buy sth, especially cheaply or by chance （碰巧）买到（便宜的东西）◆We managed to pick up a few bargains at the auction.我们从拍卖场买到了几件便宜货。■ ˌsnap sth ˈup phrasal verb (-pp-) (informal) to buy or obtain sth quickly because it is cheap or you want it very much 抢购；抢先弄到手◆All the best bargains were snapped up within hours.所有最划算的便宜货几小时之内就被抢购一空了。 consider verb consider ♦︎ think ♦︎ look at sth ♦︎ wonder ♦︎ reflect ♦︎ ponder ♦︎ contemplate ♦︎ take ♦︎ deliberate ♦︎ mull sth over ♦︎ meditateThese words all mean to use your mind in order to try to understand sth, make a decision, solve a problem, etc. 这些词均表示考虑、思考、沉思。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to think / reflect / ponder / deliberate / meditate on sth◆to think / ponder / deliberate / mull / meditate over sth◆to think / wonder / ponder / contemplate about sth◆to consider / think / look at / wonder / reflect / ponder / contemplate / deliberate how / what / whether...◆to consider / think / reflect that...◆to consider / think / look at sth / reflect / ponder carefully / briefly◆to consider / think / look at sth / reflect / contemplate seriously◆to think / look at sth / reflect / ponder / deliberate long and hard■ consider [transitive, intransitive] to think carefully about sth, especially in order to make a decision （尤指为作出决定）仔细考虑，细想◆She considered her options.她仔细考虑了自己的各种选择。◆Let us consider the facts.让我们仔细想想这些事实。◆It was a carefully considered decision.这是经过仔细考虑的决定。◆We're considering buying a new car.我们在考虑买一辆新车。◆He was considering what to do next.他在考虑下一步怎么办。◆I'd like some time to consider.我希望有些时间考虑一下。 see also consider ⇨ regard ■ think (thought, thought) [intransitive] to use your mind to form connected ideas, to make a decision or to try to solve problems 想；思考；思索◆Are animals able to think?动物会思考吗？◆Let me think (= Give me time before I answer).让我想一想。◆I can't tell you now－I'll have to think about it.我现在不能告诉你，我要考虑一下。◆She had thought very deeply about this problem.她曾经对这个问题深思过。◆All he ever thinks about is money.他满脑子想的只是钱。◆I'm sorry, I wasn't thinking (= said when you have upset or offended sb accidentally).对不起，我太冒昧了。◆He was trying to think what to do.他在努力想该怎么做。ⓘ Think is also used, especially in the progressive tenses, when you have ideas, words or images in your mind. * think亦指头脑中冒出想法、词句或形象，尤用于进行时◆You're very quiet. What are you thinking?你很安静，在想什么呢？◆I was just thinking what a long way it is.我正在想路途真是太遥远了。◆'I must be crazy,' she thought.“我一定是疯了。”她想。 ■ ˈlook at sth phrasal verb to consider, think about or study sth, especially in order to learn sth useful or important （尤指为学习有用或重要的知识）思考，考虑，研究◆The implications of the new law will need to be looked at.需要仔细研究一下新法规可能造成的影响。◆I suggest the government looks long and hard at this new report.我建议政府仔细研究这份新报告。◆In this chapter we will be looking at three different theories.我们将在这一章探讨三种不同的理论。 see also look at sth ⇨ regard ■ wonder [intransitive, transitive] to think about sth and try to decide what is true, what will happen or what you should do 想知道；想弄明白；琢磨◆I wonder who she is.我在想她到底是谁。◆'Why do you want to know?' 'No particular reason. I was just wondering.'“你为什么想知道？”“没什么特别原因，我就是好奇罢了。”◆We were wondering about next April for the wedding.我们在考虑是不是能在随后的4月举行婚礼。■ reflect [intransitive, transitive] (rather formal) to think carefully about sth, in order to make a decision, understand sth or realize sth （为作决定、理解或了解）认真思考，沉思◆Before I decide, I need time to reflect.在作决定之前，我需要时间认真考虑。◆She was left to reflect on the implications of her decision.由她负责考虑她的这个决定会牵涉哪些问题。◆I paused to reflect how I would answer that question.我停下来琢磨该如何回答那个问题。ⓘ Reflect cannot be used with a noun phrase as object. Instead you must use on, upon, that or how. * reflect不能接名词短语作宾语，而必须后接on、upon、that或how◆She reflected the implications. see also reflection ⇨ reasoning ■ ponder [intransitive, transitive] (especially written) to think carefully about sth, especially in order to understand it 沉思；考虑，琢磨（尤指为理解某事）◆She pondered over his words.她反复琢磨他的话。◆The senator pondered the question for a moment.参议员想了一下这个问题。■ contemplate / /ˈkɒntəmpleɪt; NAmE ˈkɑːntəmpleɪt/ [transitive, intransitive] to think about sth that is a possibility; to think deeply about sth for a long time 考虑（某事的可能性）；深思熟虑；沉思◆He's only 55, but he's already contemplating retirement (= thinking about whether he should retire).他只有55岁，但已经开始考虑退休。◆The thought of war is too awful to contemplate (= to think about and accept as a possibility).战争太可怕了，真不敢去想。◆She lay in bed, contemplating.她躺在床上冥思苦想。■ take (took, taken) [transitive] (used especially in instructions 尤用于指示) to consider sb/sth as an example 以⋯为例；将⋯作为例证◆Lots of couples have problems in the first year of marriage. Take Ann and Paul.许多夫妇在婚后第一年出现问题。安和保罗就是个例子。■ deliberate /dɪˈlɪbəreɪt/ / [intransitive] (rather formal) to think about or discuss sth carefully, usually before making a decision （常指在作决定前）仔细考虑，认真讨论，反复思考◆The jury deliberated for five days before finding him guilty.陪审团认真讨论了五天后才裁定他有罪。ⓘ Deliberate is mainly used when a group of people, such as a jury in court, think about and discuss sth together because they have to make a decision. * deliberate主要用于指一组人，如陪审团，因为需要作出决定，共同思考并讨论某事。■ ˌmull sth ˈover phrasal verb to spend time thinking carefully about sth such as a plan or proposal 认真琢磨，反复思考（计划、建议等）◆I need some time to mull it over before making a decision.在作决定之前，我需要一些时间认真琢磨一下。■ meditate / /ˈmedɪteɪt/ / [intransitive] to think deeply, usually in silence, especially for religious reasons or in order to make your mind calm 冥想，沉思（尤指出于宗教原因或使心绪平和）◆She meditates for half an hour every evening to help herself relax after work.她每天晚上冥想半个小时，帮助自己工作后放松下来。ⓘ Meditate can also be used with an object to mean 'to consider doing sth or plan sth in your mind'. This meaning is more formal, used mainly in written English. * meditate还可带宾语，表示考虑、策划做某事。此义项较为正式，主要用于书面语◆They were meditating revenge.他们在谋划进行报复。 continue1 verb The rain continued all day. 雨下了一整天。continue fighting 继续战斗the story continues 故事接续下去lead3The path continues down the hill.remaincontinue as managercontinue ♦︎ take ♦︎ last ♦︎ go on ♦︎ carry on ♦︎ keep on ♦︎ drag onThese words all mean to still be happening over a period of time. 这些词均表示继续、持续。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to continue / last / go on / carry on / keep on / drag on for hours / a week / two years, etc.◆to continue / last / go on / carry on / keep on / drag on until morning / next year, etc.◆to continue / last into the night / next week, etc.◆to take / last a few minutes / an hour / all day / years, etc.■ continue [intransitive] (rather formal, especially written) to keep existing or happening without stopping 持续；继续存在；持续进行◆The exhibition continues until 25 July.展览会持续到7月25日。◆The rain will continue into the evening.这场雨会持续下到晚上。◆The rain continued to fall all afternoon.这场雨整个下午都下个不停。◆The rain continued falling all afternoon.这场雨整个下午都下个不停。OPP suspend ⇨ stop verb 3 ■ take [transitive, intransitive] (took, taken)to need a particular amount of time 需要⋯时间；费时◆The journey to the airport takes about half an hour.到机场大约需要半小时。◆It takes about half an hour to get to the airport.到机场大约需要半小时。◆It took her three hours to repair her bike.她花了三个小时修理自行车。◆It'll take time (= take a long time) for her to recover from the illness.她的病需要一段时间才能痊愈。◆I need a shower－I won't take long.我要冲个澡，用不了多长时间。■ last [transitive, intransitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to continue for a particular period of time 持续；继续；延续◆Each game lasts (for) about an hour.每场比赛约一小时。◆The trial is expected to last until the end of the week.审判预计要持续到本周末。◆The celebrations lasted well into the next week.庆祝活动一直持续到下周。◆How long does the play last?那出戏要演多长时间？■ ˌgo ˈon phrasal verb (goes, went, gone) (especially spoken) (of a situation) to continue without changing, especially when you feel that it needs to change （情况或形势）继续下去，持续（尤指感到需要改变时）◆This cannot be allowed to go on.决不允许这种情况继续下去。◆How much longer will this hot weather go on for?这种炎热的天气还会持续多久？◆We can't go on like this－we seem to be always arguing.我们不能这样下去－我们似乎老是争吵不休。■ ˌcarry ˈon phrasal verb (especially BrE, especially spoken) to continue moving 继续移动◆Carry on until you get to the junction, then turn left.继续往前走到交叉路口，然后向左转。■ ˌkeep ˈon phrasal verb (kept, kept) (especially spoken) to continue 持续；继续存在；持续进行◆The rain kept on all day.雨下了一整天。◆Keep on until you get to the church.往前走，直到教堂为止。ⓘ Keep on sometimes suggests that sb/sth continues for a long time in a very determined and/or annoying way. * keep on有时指某人或某事物固执地且／或恼人地持续很长时间。■ ˌdrag ˈon phrasal verb (-gg-) (disapproving) to go on for too long 持续得过久；拖沓地进行◆The dispute has dragged on for months.争论已经持续几个月之久。 cross verb cross ♦︎ cut across sth ♦︎ cut through sth ♦︎ take ♦︎ negotiateThese words all mean to go across a road, river or other boundary, or across, over, or around an area of land. 这些词均表示穿越、越过、通过。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to cross / cut through the hills / mountains◆to cross / negotiate a road / bridge◆to cross / cut across a field◆to cut across / cut through a park◆to take / negotiate a bend / corner◆to cross / negotiate sth successfully / safely■ cross [intransitive, transitive] to go from one side of sth to the other 穿越；越过；横过◆The ferry crosses from Portsmouth to Santander.渡船从朴次茅斯横渡至桑坦德。◆He crossed over from the other side of the road.他从马路的另一边穿了过来。◆A bridge crosses the river a few miles upstream.一座桥在上游几英里处横跨此河。◆It was the first time she had crossed the Atlantic.这是她第一次横越大西洋。◆They were arrested as they tried to cross the border.他们因试图越过边境而被捕。 see also crossing ⇨ cruise ■ ˌcut aˈcross sth phrasal verb (cutting, cut, cut)to cross an area instead of going around it, especially because it is quicker than the usual route 抄近路穿过；走近路◆We'll go round past the stables and cut across the fields.我们要绕道马房抄近路从田里走。■ ˌcut ˈthrough sth phrasal verb (cutting, cut, cut)to cut across sth 抄近路穿过；走近路◆They cut through the woods towards the farm.他们在林地里抄近路前往农场。◆He cut through the station to get to his office.他从车站抄近路去他的办公室。NOTE 辨析 Cut across sth or cut through sth?People generally cut across an open area such as fields or a park, but cut through a place that is more enclosed or presents a barrier such as woods, mountains or a forest. * cut across一般指从田野或公园等开阔的地方穿过，但cut through指从林地、山区或森林等较封闭或有障碍的地方穿过。■ take (took, taken) [transitive] to go over a barrier or around a bend 跨过，跳过（障碍物）；拐过（弯道）◆The horse took the jump (= jumped over the barrier) safely but then stumbled.那匹马安全地跳过了障碍，随即却绊倒了。◆He took the bend (= drove the car around it) much too fast.他拐弯时车开得太快。■ negotiate /nɪˈgəʊʃieɪt; NAmE nɪˈgoʊʃieɪt/ [transitive] (rather formal) to successfully get over or past a difficult part on a path or route 通过，越过（险要路段）◆We then had to negotiate a steep rock face.我们接下来要攀越陡峭的岩壁。◆She negotiated her way past the hot ovens.她小心翼翼地从热烤箱旁边走过去。 discount verb discount ♦︎ deduct ♦︎ take ♦︎ subtract ♦︎ knock sth off (sth) ♦︎ take sth out of sth ♦︎ take sth off sth ♦︎ debit ♦︎ dockThese words all mean to take a number or amount away from another number or amount. 这些词均表示打折扣或扣除。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to deduct / take / subtract / debit / dock sth from sth◆to discount / deduct / take / subtract / knock sth off / debit an amount (from sth)◆to take / subtract one number from another◆to discount / knock sth off / take sth off prices◆to deduct / knock off / take off / dock points / marks◆to deduct sth from / take sth out of / dock sb's pay / wages■ discount / /dɪsˈkaʊnt, NAmE also ˈdɪskaʊnt/ [transitive, usually passive] (especially business 尤用于商业) to sell sth at less than the usual price in order to encourage people to buy it 打折扣；打折出售◆We're offering discounted prices throughout March.整个3月份我们都打折销售。◆You can find discounted flights on the Internet.你可以在互联网上买到打折机票。◆Most of our stock has been discounted by up to 40%.我们的存货大多数都已经打了折扣，最低六折。ⓘ Things that might be discounted include prices, rates, fees, fares, tickets, books and subscriptions. * be discounted可与price、rate、fee、fare、ticket、book和subscription搭配。▸ discount /ˈdɪskaʊnt/ / noun [countable, uncountable] ◆The store manager gave us a 10% discount on the drum set.我们买这套鼓商店经理给我们打了九折。◆They were selling everything at a discount.他们销售的所有商品都打折。◆Do you give any discount?你们打折吗？■ deduct / /dɪˈdʌkt/ / [transitive, often passive] (rather formal) to remove an amount of money or a number of points or marks in order to reduce the total （从总数中）扣除，减去◆The cost of your uniform will be deducted from your wages.制服费将从你的工资中扣除。◆Ten points will be deducted for a wrong answer.答错一题扣10分。ⓘ In financial contexts, deduct is most often used to talk about taking money away from an amount such as a payment in order to pay tax. 在财务语境中，deduct最常指从付款等金额中扣除一定数额的钱来缴税◆Tax is deducted at source (= before you actually receive the payment).税款一开始就从付款中扣除了。In other contexts, deduct is mainly used to talk about taking away points or stars that have previously been awarded in a competition or rating system, for example. 在其他情况下，deduct主要用于扣除比赛中的得分或星级制中的星数。 ▸ deduction / /dɪˈdʌkʃn/ / noun [countable, uncountable] ◆deductions from your pay for tax and pension contributions从工资中扣除的税金和养老金供款的数额■ take (took, taken) [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to reduce one number by the value of another 减；减去◆Take 5 from 12 and you're left with 7.12减5，剩7。◆ (informal, spoken) 28 take away 5 is 23.28减去5等于23。 OPP add ⇨ count ■ subtract / /səbˈtrækt/ / [transitive] (rather formal) to reduce one number by the value of another 减；减去◆6 subtracted from 9 is 3 (9−6 = 3).9减6等于3。◆If you subtract 6 from 9, you get 3.9减6，剩3。 OPP add ⇨ count ▸ subtraction noun [uncountable] ◆children learning addition and subtraction学习加减法的孩子 OPP addition ⇨ count verb ■ ˌknock sth ˈoff■ ˌknock sth ˈoff sth phrasal verb (rather informal) to remove an amount of money or a number of points or marks in order to reduce the total （从总数中）扣除，减去◆They knocked off $60 because of a scratch.因为货物有擦痕，他们降价60元出售。◆The news knocked 13% off the company's shares.这个消息使该公司的股价下跌了13%。■ ˌtake sth ˈout of sth phrasal verb (took, taken)to remove an amount of money from a larger amount, especially as a payment （尤指从付款中）扣除，减去◆The fine will be taken out of your wages.罚款将从你的工资中扣除。ⓘ Take sth out of sth is usually followed by wages or pay. * take sth out of通常后接wages或pay。■ ˌtake sth ˈoff sth phrasal verb (took, taken)to remove an amount of money or a number of points or marks in order to reduce the total （从总数中）扣除，减去◆The manager took $10 off the bill.经理从账单上扣掉10元。◆ (rather informal) That experience took ten years off my life (= made me feel ten years older).那段经历使我老了十岁。◆That new hairstyle takes years off you (= makes you look several years younger)!这个新发型使你看上去年轻了好几岁！■ debit / /ˈdebɪt/ / [transitive] (rather formal, finance 金融) (of a bank) to take money from an account （银行）借记；记入（账户的）借方◆The money will be debited from your account each month.这笔钱将逐月记入你账户的借方。◆The bank will debit your account with any withdrawals made using your payment card.你每次用支付卡取款后，银行会将款项记入你账户的借方。 OPP credit ⓘ A bank can credit an account with money, or credit money to an account, when it addes money to the account. * credit表示银行将款项存入账户，可用于credit an account with money或credit money to an account结构◆Your account has been credited with $50 000.已有5万元存入你的账户。◆$50 000 has been credited to your account.已有5万元存入你的账户。 see also debit ⇨ debt noun ■ dock [transitive] to take away part of sb's pay, especially as a punishment 扣除（部分工资，尤指作为惩罚）◆If you're late, your wages will be docked.要是你迟到，就会扣工资。◆They've docked 15% off my pay for this week.本周他们扣了我15%的工资。ⓘ Your employer might dock your pay or wages, or money from your pay. * dock表达此义时可与pay、wages或money搭配。 get1 verb get tickets/a job/some sleep 弄到票；找到工作；睡会儿觉get a letter/shock 收到信；大吃一惊Go and get help. 去找人帮忙。We got there at 9. 我们9点钟到了那里。get the bus 搭公车 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ gain 1 另见gain条第1义get ♦︎ obtain ♦︎ acquire ♦︎ take ♦︎ pick sth up ♦︎ take sth out ♦︎ get hold of sthThese words all mean to do sth in order to make sure you have sth. 这些词均表示得到、获得、获取。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to get / obtain / acquire / take / pick up sth from sb / sth◆to get / obtain / acquire / pick up / get hold of a ticket◆to get / obtain / take out a loan / mortgage / patent◆to get / obtain / take out insurance / cover◆to get / obtain / take water / oil / minerals (from sth)◆to get / obtain / acquire / take / get hold of information◆to get / obtain / take a / an extract / example / sample◆to get / obtain / acquire a licence / permit◆to get / obtain permission / approval / advice◆to get / acquire a reputation / taste for sth■ get (getting, got, got; NAmE spoken getting, got, gotten) [transitive, no passive] (not usually used in the progressive tenses 通常不用于进行时) (rather informal, especially spoken) to do sth in order to make sure you have sth 获得；得到◆Did you manage to get tickets for the concert?你弄到音乐会的票了吗？◆Try to get some sleep.尽量睡会儿吧。◆He has just got a new job.他刚找到一份新工作。◆Did you get a present for your mother?你给你母亲买礼物了吗？◆Did you get your mother a present?你给你母亲买礼物了吗？ see also get ⇨ buy ■ obtain [transitive] (rather formal, especially written) to get sth, especially by making an effort （尤指经努力）获得，赢得◆I finally managed to obtain a copy of the report.我最终设法弄到了这份报告的副本。◆Further details can be obtained by writing to the above address.详情可致信上述地址获取。 see also extract ⇨ pump ■ acquire / /əˈkwaɪə(r)/ / [transitive] (rather formal) to get sth by your own efforts, ability or behaviour; to get sth by being given it （通过努力、能力或行为）获得；得到◆She has acquired a good knowledge of English.她英语已经学得很好。◆He has acquired a reputation for dishonesty.他得到了不老实的名声。◆I have recently acquired a taste for olives.我最近喜欢吃橄榄了。◆How did the gallery come to acquire so many Picassos?那家画廊怎么会得到那么多毕加索的作品？ⓘ Acquire is often used to talk about the way sb starts to look or behave, or when sb starts to like sth. * acquire常用于指某人外表、行为或喜好发生新变化◆to acquire a reputation / bad name / criminal record / tan / look / appearance获得声望／坏名声／犯罪记录；晒成棕褐色；呈现⋯的样子／外观◆to acquire a love of / taste for sth开始喜欢／爱好It can also be used when sb learns a new skill. * acquire还可指学习新的技能。 see also acquire ⇨ buy , acquire ⇨ learn ■ take (took, taken) [transitive] to get sth from a particular source 从⋯中取出；取材于◆The scientists are taking water samples from the river.科学家正从河中采集水样。◆Part of her article is taken straight (= copied) out of my book.她的文章有一部分是直接从我的书中抄来的。◆The machine takes its name from its inventor.该机器是以发明者的名字命名的。ⓘ In this meaning take is often used to talk about people such as scientists or engineers getting samples, specimens, water, cells, minerals, etc. from a particular source. It is also used to talk about getting information, a story, an extract or an example from a larger written text. 表达此义时，take常与sample、specimen、water、cell、mineral等词搭配，指科学家或工程师等从某来源地采集样本。它还可与information、story、extract或example搭配，指从大段书面文字中获取信息、题材，进行摘录或引证。■ ˌpick sth ˈup phrasal verb (rather informal) to get sth 得到；收到◆I picked up a few leaflets when I was out today.我今天出门收到了几张传单。◆I picked up £30 in tips today.我今天收到30英镑的小费。◆I seem to have picked up a terrible cold from somewhere.我似乎从什么地方染上了重感冒。ⓘ Pick sth up is often used to talk about getting sth when you are out somewhere. It is also used to talk about getting money that you have earned or won, and about getting an illness or injury. * pick sth up常指出门在外时得到某物，还可指挣钱或赢钱，以及得病、受伤。 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ suffer from sth for other ways of talking about getting illnesses. 另见suffer from sth条，看表示染病的其他表达方式。 ■ ˌtake sth ˈout phrasal verb (took, taken)to obtain an official document or service 获得，领到（正式文件或服务）◆We had to take out a loan to pay for the car.我们得申请贷款来付汽车款。◆How much does it cost to take out an ad in a newspaper?在报纸上登广告需要花多少钱？ⓘ People typically take out insurance, a pension, a subscription, a loan, a mortgage or an advertisement. * take out一般与insurance、pension、subscription、loan、mortgage或advertisement搭配。■ get ˈhold of sth idiom (getting, got, got)to find sth that you want or need 弄到想要（或所需）的东西◆It's almost impossible to get hold of tickets for the final.几乎不可能弄到决赛的门票。◆How did the press get hold of the story?新闻界是怎么得到这个消息的？ get5 verb get tickets/a job/some sleep 弄到票；找到工作；睡会儿觉get a letter/shock 收到信；大吃一惊Go and get help. 去找人帮忙。We got there at 9. 我们9点钟到了那里。get the bus 搭公车get ♦︎ take ♦︎ catch ♦︎ go by sthThese words all mean to travel using a particular form of transport. 这些词均表示搭乘、乘坐某种交通工具。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to get / take / catch / go by sth from / to sth◆to get the / take the / catch the / go by bus / train / plane / boat◆to get / catch a flight◆to get a / take a / go by taxi■ get (getting, got, got; NAmE spoken getting, got, gotten) [transitive, no passive] to travel somewhere using a particular form of public transport; to be in time for a bus, train, etc. that you intend to travel on 搭乘，乘坐（公共交通工具）；赶搭上（公共汽车、火车等）◆Where do I get the bus for the airport?我到哪里坐去机场的巴士？◆I'll try and get a flight home tomorrow.我会尽量搭乘明天的航班回家。◆I ran all the way to the station and just managed to get my train.我一路跑到车站，好不容易才赶上了火车。■ take (took, taken) [transitive, no passive] (rather formal, especially written) to travel somewhere using a particular form of public transport 搭乘，乘坐（公共交通工具）◆They took the night train to Vienna.他们乘坐夜班火车去维也纳。ⓘ Take is more formal than get in this meaning, used especially in written English. It cannot be used, like get, to mean 'to be in time for a bus, train, etc. that you intend to travel on'. 表达此义时take比get正式，尤用于书面语。它不能像get那样表示“赶搭上公共汽车、火车等”之义◆I only just managed to take my train. ■ catch (caught, caught) [transitive, no passive] to be in time for a train, bus, plane, etc. and travel on it 赶搭上（火车、公共汽车、飞机等）◆They caught the 12.15 from Kings Cross.他们赶上了12:15从国王十字车站发出的火车。◆I must go－I have a train to catch.我得走了，我要赶火车。OPP miss ⇨ miss 1 ■ ˈgo by sth phrasal verb (goes, went, gone)to travel somewhere using a particular form of transport 搭乘，乘坐（某种交通工具）◆If it's not raining, I'll go by bike.如果不下雨，我就骑自行车去。◆It'll probably be cheaper to go by air.坐飞机去很可能会便宜些。ⓘ You can go by any form of transport; the other words in this group are only used about public transport. You can also go by air/rail/road/sea. * go by后可跟任何形式的交通工具，本组其他词只能后跟公共交通工具。还可以说go by air/rail/road/sea（坐飞机／坐火车前往；走公路；走海路）。 have3 verb have a new car/coat/job 有一辆新车；有一件新外衣；有一份新工作have an ability/two children 有能力；有两个孩子have an accident 出事故have a meeting/party/conversation 举行会议／聚会；进行谈话have ♦︎ suffer ♦︎ experience ♦︎ receive ♦︎ feel ♦︎ undergo ♦︎ go through sth ♦︎ take ♦︎ encounter ♦︎ run into sth ♦︎ meetThese words all mean to have a particular situation affect you or happen to you. 这些词均表示经受、经历、遇到。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to have / experience / encounter / run into / meet problems◆to have / experience / encounter / run into difficulties / trouble◆to experience / encounter / run into / meet resistance◆to receive / encounter / run into / meet opposition◆to have / suffer / experience / receive / encounter a setback◆to have / suffer / experience / receive / feel a / the shock◆to suffer / experience / undergo / go through an ordeal◆to have / experience / receive / undergo treatment◆to have / suffer / experience / receive / encounter sth directly■ have (has, had, had) [transitive] to have a particular situation affect you or happen to you 经受；经历；遇到◆I went to a few parties and had a good time.我去了几次聚会，玩得挺高兴的。◆I was having difficulty in staying awake.我正困得睁不开眼。◆She'll have an accident one day.她总有一天会出事的。ⓘ People typically have problems and difficulties, a shock, a fright, an accident and a good or bad time. * have的宾语常为problem、difficulty、shock、fright、accident、good time和bad time。■ suffer [transitive] (rather formal) to have sth unpleasant happen to you, such as injury, defeat or loss 遭受，蒙受（伤害、失败或损失等）◆He suffered a massive heart attack.他的心脏病严重发作。◆The party suffered a humiliating defeat in the general election.该党在大选中惨败。◆The company suffered huge losses in the last financial year.公司在上一财政年度出现巨额亏损。■ experience [transitive] (rather formal) to have a particular situation affect you or happen to you 经受；经历；遇到◆The country experienced a foreign currency shortage for several months.该国经历了几个月的外汇短缺。◆He had not directly experienced the fighting in the city.他没有亲历那场市内巷战。 see also experience ⇨ event noun 1 , experience ⇨ life noun 3 ■ receive [transitive] (rather formal) to get an injury or be given a particular type of treatment 受到（伤害或某种待遇）◆Several of the passengers received severe injuries.几名乘客受了重伤。◆Emergency cases will receive professional attention immediately.急诊病人将立刻得到医疗诊治。◆We received a warm welcome from our hosts.我们受到了主人的热情欢迎。NOTE 辨析 Suffer or Receive?You can suffer or receive an injury. Receive suggests less emotional attachment to the situation; suffer places more emphasis on the bad effect or pain experienced by the person. * suffer和receive都可以后接injury。receive感情色彩较淡，suffer更强调不良后果或痛苦经历。■ feel [transitive] to experience the effects or results of physical conditions or an event, often strongly 受⋯（强烈）影响；（深深）体验到◆He feels the cold a lot.他很怕冷。◆She felt her mother's death very deeply.她深感丧母之痛。◆The effects of the recession are being felt everywhere.经济衰退的影响无处不在。◆We all felt the force of his arguments.我们都体会到了他的论据的分量。■ undergo /ˌʌndəˈgəʊ; NAmE ˌʌndərˈgoʊ/ (undergoes, underwent, undergone) [transitive] (rather formal, especially written) to have sth happen to you, especially a change or sth unpleasant 经历，经受（尤指变化或不快的事）◆Some children undergo a complete transformation when they become teenagers.有些儿童进入青少年期会完全变个样。◆My mother underwent major surgery last year.我母亲去年动了个大手术。◆The drug is currently undergoing trials in America.这种药目前正在美国进行试验。ⓘ People and things typically undergo tests and trials, medical procedures such as operations and examinations, and changes, transformation or metamorphosis. * undergo的宾语常为test和trial，还有医疗方面的operation和examination，以及change、transformation或metamorphosis。■ go through sth phrasal verb (goes, went, gone) (rather informal) to suffer an unpleasant experience or difficult period of time 经历，遭受（苦楚或困难）◆She's been going through a bad patch recently.她最近很不走运。◆He's amazingly cheerful considering all he's had to go through.经历了这么多磨难，他还这么乐观，真了不起。◆I went through hell in my first year at the school.我上学的第一年吃尽了苦头。ⓘ Go through sth is often used to talk about a difficult period of time such as a phase, a patch, a period or a stage. It is also used with words like hell, agony and ordeal to talk about people experiencing extremely unpleasant situations. * go through sth常指经历一个困难时期，搭配词有phase、patch、period或stage，还可与hell、agony和ordeal等词连用，指遭受很严重的艰难困苦。■ take (took, taken) [transitive] (not usually used in the progressive tenses 通常不用于进行时) to have sth happen to you, especially sth that involves you being hit or hurt 遭受，经受，承受（尤指打击或伤害）◆She's taken a nasty fall and has her leg in plaster.她重重摔了一跤，腿上打了石膏。◆The team took a terrible beating.该队遭到惨败。◆The school took the full force of the explosion.这所学校在爆炸中毁坏最严重。■ encounter [transitive] (rather formal, especially written) to experience sth, especially sth unpleasant or difficult, while you are trying to do sth else 遭遇，遇到（尤指令人不快或困难的事）◆We encountered a number of difficulties in the first week.我们在第一周遇到了一些困难。◆I had never encountered such resistance before.我以前从未遇到过这样大的阻力。■ ˈrun into sth phrasal verb (running, ran, run) (rather informal) to have difficulties 遇到（困难）◆Be careful not to run into debt.小心不要背上债务。◆We were worried that she may have run into trouble.我们担心她可能遇到了麻烦。ⓘ Apart from debt and bad weather, people typically run into problems, difficulties or trouble. 除了debt和bad weather外，run into还可与problem、difficulty或trouble等词搭配。■ meet (met, met) [transitive] to experience sth, often sth unpleasant 经历（常指不快的事）◆Others have met similar problems.其他人遇到过类似的问题。◆How she met her death will probably never be known.她的死因也许将永远无人知晓。ⓘ People typically meet problems, resistance or their death or fate. * meet常与problem、resistance或sb's death/fate搭配。 invade verb ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ attack verb 2 另见attack动词词条第2义invade ♦︎ occupy ♦︎ seize ♦︎ capture ♦︎ annex ♦︎ take ♦︎ conquerThese words all mean to take control of a place using military force. 这些词均表示用武力侵占、夺取、攻占。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to invade / occupy / seize / annex / conquer a country / region◆to invade / occupy / seize / capture / take / conquer a town / city◆to occupy / seize / capture / take a building◆to seize / take control of a place◆troops / soldiers invade / occupy / seize / capture / take a place◆a country invades / occupies / annexes / conquers a place■ invade [intransitive, transitive] to use military force to enter a place, especially a country 武装入侵，侵略，侵犯（尤指国家）◆Troops invaded on August 9th that year.军队是在那年的8月9日入侵的。◆When did the Romans invade Britain?古罗马人是何时入侵不列颠的？ see also invasion ⇨ attack noun 1 ■ occupy [transitive] to enter a place in a large group, stay there and take control of it 侵占；占领；占据◆The capital has been occupied by the rebel army.首都已被叛军占领。◆Protesting students occupied the TV station.抗议的学生占领了电视台。▸ occupation noun [uncountable] ◆The military occupation has created anger and resentment.军事占领激起了人们的愤怒和怨恨。■ seize / /siːz/ / [transitive] to take control of a place or situation, often suddenly and violently （常通过暴力突然）夺取，攻占，控制◆They seized the airport in a surprise attack.他们突袭攻占了机场。◆The army has seized control of the country.军队已控制全国。◆He seized power in a military coup.他在军事政变中夺取了政权。▸ seizure / /ˈsiːʒə(r)/ / noun [uncountable] ◆The invasion began with the seizure of the country's largest southern city.入侵的第一步是占领该国南部最大的城市。■ capture [transitive] to take control of sth from the enemy in a war by using military force 用武力夺取；攻取；攻占◆The city was captured in 1941.这座城市于1941年被攻占。◆He led the party that captured the enemy's flag.夺取敌方旗帜的那队人是他领导的。▸ capture noun [uncountable] ◆The capture of enemy territory followed the defeat of their air force.击败敌人的空军后随即开始了对其领土的占领。■ annex / /əˈneks/ / [transitive] to take possession of a country or part of a country, especially one that is next to your own, and claim it as part of your own country 强占，吞并（尤指临近的国家或地区）◆Germany annexed Austria in 1938.1938年德国吞并了奥地利。▸ annexation / /ˌænekˈseɪʃn/ / noun [uncountable, countable] ◆The annexation of Texas was one of the causes of the Mexican War.吞并得克萨斯是墨西哥战争的起因之一。■ take (took, taken) [transitive] to capture a place in war; to get control of sth （在战争中）夺取，攻占；控制◆The rebels succeeded in taking the town.反叛者攻占了那个城镇。◆The state has taken control of the company.政府已接管了这家公司。■ conquer /ˈkɒŋkə(r); NAmE ˈkɑːŋkər/ [transitive](especially in the past) to take possession of a country or city and its people using military force （尤指旧时）占领，攻克，征服◆In 330 BC Persia was conquered by Alexander the Great.亚历山大大帝于公元前330年征服了波斯。▸ conquest noun ◆The Norman Conquest of England in 1066 led to changes in the system of government.1066年诺曼人征服了英格兰，导致政体发生了很多变化。 respond verb respond ♦︎ react ♦︎ take ♦︎ receive ♦︎ greet ♦︎ meet sth with sthThese words all mean to do sth or behave in a particular way as a reaction to sth that sb has said or done. 这些词均表示作出反应、响应。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to respond / react by doing sth◆to respond / react / meet sth with sth◆to respond / react / greet sth / meet sth with anger◆to react / receive sth / greet sth / meet sth with dismay◆to respond / react / take sth / receive sth well / badly◆to respond / react / receive sth positively / favourably / sympathetically◆to respond / react / receive sth / greet sth coolly◆to respond / react / greet sth angrily◆to respond / receive sth / greet sth enthusiastically■ respond [intransitive] (rather formal) to behave in a particular way because of sth that has happened or that sb has said or done; to act quickly or in the correct way as a result of sth 作出反应；响应；迅速作出（正确）反应◆Members of the public responded immediately to the charity's appeal for funds.公众对慈善机构捐款的呼吁立即响应。◆The government responded by banning all future demonstrations.政府的反应是禁止日后一切示威活动。◆The car responds very well to the controls.这辆汽车操纵自如。◆You can rely on him to respond to a challenge.他能应付挑战，你可以放心。■ react [intransitive] to change or behave in a particular way as a result of sth or in response to sth 起（某种）反应；作出反应；回应◆Local residents have reacted angrily to the news.当地居民对这一消息表示愤怒。◆I nudged her but she didn't react.我用胳膊肘碰了她一下，可她没有反应。◆You never know how he is going to react.你根本不知道他会作何反应。◆The market reacted by falling a further two points.股市的反应是再下跌两个百分点。NOTE 辨析 Respond or react? Respond is generally used to talk about more detached, less emotional behaviour than react. Respond is used more frequently with adverbs like immediately, instantly, promptly, quickly and rapidly; react is used more frequently with adverbs like angrily, violently and strongly. * respond比react更常用于谈论较超然客观的、较少情绪反应的行为。respond多与immediately、instantly、promptly、quickly和rapidly等副词搭配，react多与angrily、violently和strongly等副词搭配。■ take (took, taken) [transitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to react to a statement, action or situation in a particular way （对声明、行动或情况以某种方式）对待，处理◆He took the criticism surprisingly well.他对待这一批评的态度竟意外的好。◆These threats are not to be taken lightly.这些威胁可不能等闲视之。◆I wish you'd take me seriously.我希望你认真对待我的话。◆She took it in the spirit in which it was intended.她是按其真实意图来对待的。■ receive [transitive, usually passive] to react to sth new in a particular way 对（新事物）作出（某种）反应◆The play was well received by the critics.剧评家对这出戏反应良好。◆The statistics were received with concern.这些统计数字受到了关注。■ greet [transitive, usually passive] (especially written) to react to sb/sth in a particular way 对⋯作出（某种）反应◆The changes were greeted with suspicion.这些变革受到人们的怀疑。◆The team's win was greeted as a major triumph.这个队获胜被视为重大胜利。◆Loud cheers greeted the athletes.运动员迎来热烈欢呼。NOTE 辨析 Receive or greet?New ideas, information, books and films can be received in a particular way; news, events and arrivals can be greeted. Cheers, applause or silence might greet sb/sth, but things can only be received by people. * receive可指对新的观念、信息、书籍和电影作出反应；greet可指对新闻、事件和来访作出反应。 cheers、applause或silence可作greet的主语，宾语可以是人或事物；但receive的主语只能是人。■ ˈmeet sth with sth phrasal verb [usually passive] to react to sth in a particular way （对某事）作出（某种）反应；以⋯作为回应◆His suggestion was met with howls of protest.他的建议引起了一阵阵的抗议声。ⓘ Things can be met with approval, anger, dismay, etc. or with actions that show how people feel. * meet with可与approval、anger、dismay等词，或与表达人们感受的行动搭配◆to be met with shouts of joy / howls of protest / a glare of anger / a stony stare / protests and demonstrations引来欢呼／阵阵抗议声／怒视／冷冰冰的注视／抗议和示威活动 stand2 verb stand by the window 靠窗站着I can't stand it when you do that. 你那样做，我忍受不了。stand ♦︎ endure ♦︎ take ♦︎ bear ♦︎ put up with sb/sth ♦︎ tolerateThese words all mean to accept or deal with sth unpleasant or annoying. 这些词均表示忍受、容忍。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆(can't / not) stand / endure / bear doing sth◆(can't / not) stand / bear / put up with sb / sth doing sth◆to stand / endure / bear / put up with pain◆to not stand / take / tolerate any nonsense◆to take / tolerate criticism◆sb can't stand / bear sth◆sb has to endure / bear / put up with / tolerate sth◆sb can no longer stand / endure / bear / tolerate sth◆sb can hardly stand / bear sth■ stand (stood, stood) [transitive, no passive] (not used in the progressive tenses; used with can/could in negative sentences and questions 不用于进行时；与can/could一起用于否定句和疑问句) to be able to accept and deal with sth unpleasant 容忍；忍受◆I can't stand his brother.他弟弟让我受不了。◆I can't stand it when you do that.你那样做，我忍受不了。◆She couldn't stand being kept waiting.叫她等着，她会受不了。◆I can't stand people interrupting all the time.我不能容忍老是有人打岔。◆How can you stand it here?这种地方你怎么忍受得了呢？■ endure /ɪnˈdjʊə(r); NAmE ɪnˈdʊr/ [transitive] (formal) to experience and deal with sth that is painful or unpleasant, especially without complaining （尤指没有怨言地）忍耐，忍受◆He had to endure the racist taunts of the crowd.他不得不忍受群众对他的种族歧视性的奚落。◆She could not endure the thought of parting.一想到分别她就无法忍受。 see also endurance ⇨ strength ■ take (took, taken) [transitive, no passive] (not used in the progressive tenses; used especially in negative sentences 不用于进行时；尤用于否定句) to be able or willing to accept or deal with sth unpleasant 忍受；容忍；承受◆She can't take criticism.她受不了批评。◆I don't think I can take much more of this heat.我觉得再也忍受不了这种高温了。◆I find his attitude a little hard to take.我觉得他的态度有点令人难以容忍。■ bear (bore, borne) [intransitive, transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses; used especially with can/could in negative sentences and questions 不用于进行时；尤与can/could一起用于否定句和疑问句) to be able to accept and deal with sth unpleasant 承受；忍受◆The pain was almost more than he could bear.这种痛苦几乎使他无法忍受。◆How can you bear to eat that stuff?你怎么吃得下那种东西？◆She bore it all with her usual patience.她以一贯的耐心承受了这一切。NOTE 辨析 Stand or bear?In many cases you can use either word, but bear is slightly stronger and slightly more formal than stand. Stand is never used in positive statements. 在许多情况下这两个词可以通用，但bear的语气比stand稍强，稍正式。stand从不用于肯定陈述◆She stood it all with her usual patience. ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ hate 另见hate条 ■ ˌput ˈup with sb/sth phrasal verb (putting, put, put) (rather informal, especially spoken) to accept sb/sth that is annoying or unpleasant without complaining （没有怨言地）容忍，忍受◆I don't know how she puts up with him.我不明白她怎么受得了他。■ tolerate /ˈtɒləreɪt; NAmE ˈtɑːləreɪt/ [transitive] (rather formal, especially written) to put up with sb/sth （没有怨言地）容忍，忍受◆There is a limit to what one person can tolerate.一个人的容忍是有限度的。 see also tolerance ⇨ patience steal verb ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ rob 另见rob条steal ♦︎ take ♦︎ shoplift ♦︎ poach ♦︎ embezzle ♦︎ nickThese words all mean to take sth from a person, shop, etc. without permission and without intending to return it or pay for it. 这些词均表示偷窃、盗用。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to steal / take / shoplift / poach / embezzle / nick (sth) from sb / a place◆to steal / take / embezzle / nick sb's money◆to steal / take / embezzle sb's property / funds◆to steal / take / nick sb's bag / purse / passport◆to steal / take food / goods / items◆to steal / take / poach / nick sb's ideas■ steal (stole, stolen) [intransitive, transitive] to take sth from a person, shop etc. without permission and without intending to return it or pay for it 偷；窃取◆We found out he'd been stealing from us for years.我们发现多年来他一直从我们家偷东西。◆I had my wallet stolen.我的钱包被人偷走了。◆Thieves stole jewellery worth over $10 000.窃贼偷走了价值超过1万元的珠宝。▸ stealing noun [uncountable] ◆You can't just take one! That's stealing!你不能就这样拿一个就走！这是偷窃！■ take (took, taken) [transitive] to remove sth without permission or by mistake 擅自拿走；偷走；误拿◆Someone has taken my scarf.有人把我的围巾拿走了。◆Did the burglars take anything valuable?入室窃贼偷走了贵重东西没有？ⓘ Take is used instead of steal to suggest that there has been a mistake, or when the context of stealing is already clear, for example because you are talking about burglars. 在表示误拿了别人的东西或偷窃事实已经清楚时要用take而不用steal，例如在提到burglar的场合。■ shoplift / /ˈʃɒplɪft; NAmE ˈʃɑːplɪft/ [intransitive] to steal goods from a shop by deliberately leaving without paying for them. （在商店）行窃◆What do you do if you suspect a customer may be shoplifting?如果你怀疑有顾客在偷窃店内商品你会怎样做？ see also shoplifter ⇨ thief , shoplifting ⇨ theft ■ poach (especially BrE) to take and use a person, idea or thing that belongs to sb/sth else, especially in a secret, dishonest or unfair way 挖走（人员）；剽窃，盗用（观点等）◆She accused him of poaching her ideas.她指控他剽窃了她的观点。◆Several of our employees have been poached by a rival firm.我们有好几名职员被对手公司给挖走了。ⓘ Poach is used mainly to talk about business situations concerning workers, ideas and responsibilities. * poach主要用于有关员工、观点和职责等的商务语境。■ embezzle /ɪmˈbezl/ / [transitive, intransitive] to steal money that you are responsible for or that belongs to your employer 盗用，挪用，贪污，侵吞（款项）◆He was found guilty of embezzling $150 000 of public funds.他被裁定盗用15万元公款罪名成立。 see also embezzlement ⇨ theft ■ nick [transitive] (BrE, informal) to steal sth, especially sth that can be moved easily 扒窃，偷窃（尤指易拿走的东西）◆Who nicked my pen?谁偷走了我的钢笔？ revenue noun ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ income 另见income条revenue ♦︎ income ♦︎ turnover ♦︎ proceeds ♦︎ receipts ♦︎ takings ♦︎ takeThese are all words for money that is received from taxes or from selling goods or services. 这些词均表示税收或销售等方面的收入、收益、进账。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆the revenue / income / turnover / proceeds / receipts / takings / take from sth◆the gross / net / total revenue / income / turnover / proceeds / receipts / takings / take◆the expected / annual revenue / income / turnover / proceeds / receipts◆the potential / overall revenue / income / turnover◆a large / substantial / low / small revenue / income / turnover◆to increase / boost / reduce (your) revenue / your income / turnover◆to spend / use your revenue / your income / the proceeds◆to bring in / generate / produce revenue / an income◆revenue / income / turnover / receipts is / are up / down■ revenue / /ˈrevənjuː; NAmE ˈrevənuː/ [uncountable, countable] (rather formal) the money that a government receives from taxes or that a company or country receives from its business or investments 财政收入；税收收入；收益◆The government is currently facing a shortfall in tax revenue.政府目前有税收缺口。◆Advertising revenue finances the commercial television channels.广告收入给商业电视频道提供资金。◆ (business 商业) The company's annual revenues rose by 30% last year.公司的年收入增加了30%。■ income [countable, uncountable] the money that a company or country receives from its business or investments （公司或国家的）收入，收益，所得◆The company has an income of around $10 million a year.该公司年收入约1 000万元。◆Tourism is the island's main source of income.旅游业是这个岛的主要收入来源。NOTE 辨析 Revenue or income?If you are talking about tax, use revenue. Otherwise, you can use either word, but revenue is more formal. Income is also used to talk about money that a person earns. 指税收收入用revenue，其他情况下两个词可通用，但revenue更正式。income亦指个人收入。 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ income 另见income条 ■ turnover /ˈtɜːnəʊvə(r); NAmE ˈtɜːrnoʊvər/ [countable, usually singular, uncountable] (business 商业) the money that a company receives for all the goods or services that it sells during a particular period of time （一定时期内的）营业额，成交量◆The firm has an annual turnover of $75 million.这家公司的年营业额为7 500万元。◆A 10% rise in turnover would increase company profits by $3.3 million.营业额上升10%将使公司利润增加330万元。■ proceeds /ˈprəʊsiːdz; NAmE ˈproʊsiːdz/ [plural] the money that a person or company receives from selling goods or services, especially the amount available to be spent after paying the costs involved （个人或公司销售商品或提供服务的）收入，收益，进款（尤指扣除成本后的可用部分）◆She sold her car and bought a piano with the proceeds.她卖掉了汽车，然后用这笔收入买了一架钢琴。◆The proceeds of the concert will go to charity.这次音乐会的收益将捐给慈善机构。 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ profit 另见profit条■ receipts /rɪˈsiːts/ / [plural] (business 商业) the money that a company, bank or government receives during a particular period of time （一定时期内公司、银行或政府）收到的款项，收入◆The accounts department is predicting net receipts of £750 000 for the summer season.会计部门预测夏季净收入为75万英镑。■ takings [plural] the money that a shop, restaurant, theatre, etc. receives from selling goods or tickets during a particular period of time （一定时期内商店、餐厅、剧院等的）进账，营业收入；票房收入◆Burglars forced open the safe containing the weekend takings.盗贼撬开了放有周末收入的保险柜。NOTE 辨析 Receipts or takings? Receipts is a more formal word and is often used for talking about bigger businesses, over a longer period of time. Both words are used for money made by a theatre or cinema, or by the film industry, especially in British English. In informal American English the word take is used. * receipts较正式，常指大企业在较长一段时期内的收益。尤其在英式英语中，这两个词均可指剧院、电影院或电影业赚的钱。在非正式的美式英语中表达此义用take◆ (especially BrE) He estimated the film's box-office receipts / takings at £15 million.他估计这部电影的票房收入是1 500万英镑。◆ (NAmE, rather informal) the movie's box-office take电影的票房收入 ■ take [countable, usually singular] (especially NAmE, rather informal, business 商业) an amount of money that sb receives, especially money earned by a business from one particular source or piece of business （尤指某项业务的）收入额，进项◆Last year's take totaled $10.2 million.去年的总收入是1 020万元。 compromise noun compromise ♦︎ concession ♦︎ trade-off ♦︎ middle ground ♦︎ sop ♦︎ give and takeThese words all refer to a balance between the needs and wishes of two people or groups, or between two opposing things, especially in order to reach an agreement or solve a problem. 这些词均表示折中、妥协、让步，尤指为了达成协议或解决问题。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a compromise / a trade-off / middle ground / give and take between sb / sth and sb / sth◆a compromise / concession on / over sth◆a concession / a sop to sb◆as a compromise / concession / trade-off / sop◆a necessary compromise / concession / trade-off◆a / an possible / obvious compromise / concession / trade-off◆to make a compromise / a concession / a trade-off◆to look for / seek / offer / reject a compromise / concession■ compromise / /ˈkɒmprəmaɪz; NAmE ˈkɑːmprəmaɪz/ [countable, uncountable] an agreement between two people or groups in which each side gives up some of the things they want so that both sides are happy in the end; a solution to a problem in which two things that are opposed to each other are balanced; the act of reaching such a position 妥协；折中；妥协（或折中）的方案；达成妥协（或和解）◆They came to a compromise over the exact amount to be paid.他们就付款的确切金额达成妥协。◆In any relationship, you have to make compromises.在任何关系中，作出让步是必要的。◆This model represents the best compromise between price and quality.这种型号是平衡了价格和质量的最佳折中方案。◆Compromise is an inevitable part of life.妥协是生活不可避免的一部分。▸ compromise verb [intransitive, transitive] ◆Neither side is prepared to compromise.双方都不愿意妥协。◆We are not prepared to compromise on safety standards.我们不愿在安全标准问题上放松。◆I refuse to compromise my principles.我拒绝在原则问题上妥协。■ concession /kənˈseʃn/ / [countable, uncountable] something that you agree to or allow sb to do in order to end an argument or to make a situation less difficult; the act of agreeing to sth like this 让步；妥协；达成妥协（或和解）◆The management will be forced to make concessions to the union.资方将被迫向工会作出让步。◆The pressure group has won a number of concessions on environmental policy.压力集团在环境政策方面已经赢得了对方若干让步。◆Military support was offered in return for the concession of territory.提供军事援助以作为对领土让步的回报。 see also concede ⇨ give sth up ■ ˈtrade-off [countable] the act of balancing two things that you need or want but which are opposed to each other （对立两者之间的）权衡，协调◆There is a trade-off between the benefits of the drug and the risk of side effects.在这种药的疗效和副作用之间有个权衡利弊的问题。■ ˈmiddle ground [uncountable] a set of opinions, ideas or decisions that opposing groups can agree on; a position that is not extreme 中间立场；中间观点◆Negotiations have failed to establish any middle ground.谈判未能达成任何妥协。◆The ballet now occupies the middle ground between classical ballet and modern dance.这个芭蕾舞团的风格介于古典芭蕾和现代舞之间。■ sop [countable, usually singular] (especially written) a small, not very important thing that is offered to sb who is angry or disappointed in order to make them feel better （为缓和某人愤怒或失望情绪而赠与的）小东西；小安抚◆The move was seen as another sop to the moderates in the party.这个举措被视为对党内温和派另一小小的安抚。■ ˌgive and ˈtake idiom willingness in a relationship to accept what sb else wants and give up some of what you want 互相让步；互相迁就◆We must accept a certain amount of give and take.我们必须在一定程度上互相让步。 |