| 例句 |
position noun
⇨ position (a sitting position) ⇨ attitude (the party's position on education) ⇨ class 4 (sb's social position) ⇨ job (a full-time position) ⇨ place 1 (be in position) ⇨ situation (a difficult position to be in)position verb
⇨ put 1position noun position ♦︎ stance ♦︎ posture ♦︎ poseThese are all words for the way in which sb is standing or sitting. 这些词均表示姿势。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a sitting position / posture◆an upright position / stance◆a relaxed position / stance / posture / pose◆a comfortable position / posture◆a stiff posture / pose◆a good stance / posture◆the correct stance / posture◆to adopt / take up a position / stance / posture / pose◆to keep / maintain a position / stance / posture◆to change your position / stance / posture / pose■ position [countable, uncountable] the way in which sb is sitting or standing; the way in which sth is arranged 姿态；姿势；放置方式◆Can you get into a kneeling position?你能跪下来吗？◆My arms were aching so I shifted (my) position.我的胳膊疼了，所以换了个姿势。◆The soldiers had to stand for hours without changing position.士兵要站立几个小时姿势不变。◆Keep the box in an upright position.把盒子竖着放。 see also position ⇨ place noun 1 , position ⇨ put verb 1 ■ stance / /stæns, BrE also stɑːns/ / [countable] the way in which sb stands, especially when playing a sport （尤指体育运动中的）站立姿势◆Widen your stance (= move your feet wider apart) for greater stability when hitting the ball.击球时两腿分开一些，这样站得更稳。■ posture /ˈpɒstʃə(r); NAmE ˈpɑːstʃər/ [uncountable, countable] (rather formal) the position in which you hold your body when standing or sitting （坐立的）姿势◆Try to maintain an upright posture and keep your voice low and clear.尽量保持身体直立，声音要放低，吐字要清晰。◆Back pains can be the result of bad posture.腰背疼可能是不良姿势造成的。ⓘ Posture is used especially when you are considering whether a particular position is good or bad for your health, or what sb's position and body language tells you about how they are feeling. * posture尤用于表示认为某姿势对人体健康有利或有害，或某人的姿势和肢体语言传递何种情绪。■ pose [countable] a particular position in which sb stands, sits, etc., especially in order to be painted, drawn or photographed （尤指为画像或拍照时摆的）姿势◆He adopted a dramatic pose for the camera.他在镜头前摆了个夸张的姿势。◆I can't hold this pose much longer!我这个姿势可坚持不了多久！▸ pose verb [intransitive] ◆The delegates posed for a group photograph.代表们摆好姿势准备合影。 attitude noun ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ view 1 另见view条第1义attitude ♦︎ view ♦︎ perspective ♦︎ point of view ♦︎ stance ♦︎ position ♦︎ outlook ♦︎ level ♦︎ line ♦︎ angle ♦︎ side ♦︎ standThese are all words for the particular way you think or feel about sb/sth. 这些词均表示态度、看法。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆sb's view / a perspective / a stance / a position / an outlook / a line / an angle / a stand on sth◆a stance / stand against sb / sth◆from the perspective / point of view / position / angle of sb / sth◆different / various attitudes / views / perspectives / points of view / stances / positions / outlooks / levels / angles / sides◆an alternative view / perspective / point of view / position / angle◆a personal attitude / view / perspective / point of view / stance / position / level / angle / stand◆the general attitude / view / perspective / point of view / position / outlook◆a popular attitude / view / perspective◆a positive / negative attitude / view / perspective / point of view / stance / outlook / angle◆a sympathetic attitude / view / point of view / angle◆a critical attitude / view / perspective / point of view / stance◆a practical attitude / view / perspective / point of view / outlook◆to take an attitude / a view / a perspective / a point of view / a stance / a position / a line / a side / a stand◆to adopt an attitude / a view / a perspective / a point of view / a stance / a position / an outlook / a line◆to have an attitude / a view / a perspective / a point of view / an outlook / a line / an angle◆to change an attitude / your view / your perspective / your point of view / your stance / your position / your outlook / sides◆to challenge an attitude / a view / a perspective■ attitude [countable] the way that you think and feel about sb/sth; the way that you behave towards sb/sth that shows how you think and feel 态度；看法；作风◆Her attitude to her parents has always been somewhat negative.她对父母总是多少持有负面的态度。◆What is your attitude towards the job as a whole?总的来说，你对这个工作的看法怎样？◆I tend to take the attitude that it's best to leave well alone.我常有一种看法，那就是最好别掺和别人的事。◆If you want to pass your exams you'd better change your attitude.你若想通过考试就最好改变你的态度。■ view [countable, usually singular] a way of understanding or thinking about sth （理解或思维的）方式，方法◆He has a pretty optimistic view of life.他对人生的看法很乐观。◆The traditional view was that marriage was for life.传统的观念是结成夫妻就要白头到老。■ perspective / /pəˈspektɪv; NAmE pərˈspektɪv/ [countable, usually singular] a particular attitude towards an issue or problem; a particular way of thinking about sth 态度；观点；思考方法◆Try to approach the problem from a different perspective.试着从另一个角度处理这个问题。◆We need to take a global perspective on the environment.我们要从全球角度看待环境问题。■ ˌpoint of ˈview [countable] a particular way of considering or judging a situation 思考角度；判断方法◆These statistics are important from an economic point of view.从经济学角度看，这些统计数字很重要。◆The book is written from a child's point of view.这本书是以孩子的视角写的。■ stance /stæns, BrE also stɑːns/ [countable] the opinion that sb has on a particular issue that they express publicly （公开表明的）观点，态度，立场◆What's the newspaper's stance on the war?那家报纸对这场战争持什么立场？◆He's known for his anti-immigration stance.他以反移民立场著称。■ position [countable] an attitude that sb has towards a particular subject that influences how they act （影响行为的）态度，立场◆Our party's position on education is very clear.我们党对教育的态度很明确。◆The official position was that of refusing to talk to terrorists.官方立场是拒绝和恐怖分子谈判。NOTE 辨析 Stance or position?A stance can be more temporary and/or more personal than a position, in reaction to a new issue in current affairs, when it is considered necessary for public figures and newspapers to make their opinions known. A position is often more long-term and/or official and is concerned with how people or organizations act on a particular issue, rather than what they say. * stance指公众人物或报纸须对时下新问题发表看法时所持的立场。与position相比，stance多指短期的、个人的立场。position多指长期的、官方的立场，强调人或组织对特定问题的应对，而不强调其言论。■ outlook /ˈaʊtlʊk/ / [countable] the attitude to life and the world of a particular person or group 观点；人生观；世界观◆He has a very practical outlook on life.他的人生观很实际。◆Most western societies are liberal in outlook.西方社会大多思想观念开放。■ level [countable] a particular way of looking at, reacting to or understanding sth 看待（或应对、理解）事物的方式◆On a more personal level, I would like to thank Jean for all the help she has given me.从较为个人的角度，我要感谢琼给予我的所有帮助。◆Fables can be understood on various levels.寓言可以从不同的角度去理解。■ line [countable, usually singular] an attitude or belief, especially one that is officially supported by a government, political party or politician （尤指政府、政党或政治人物公开支持的）态度，理念◆The government took a hard line on the strike.政府对这次罢工持强硬态度。◆The MP supported the official line on education.那名议员支持官方的教育理念。◆He was expelled from the party for refusing to toe the party line (= follow the party's official opinions and policies).他因拒绝遵循党的路线而被开除出党。■ angle [countable] a particular way of thinking about or presenting a situation, problem or subject （看待问题或呈现主题的）角度，观点，立场◆We're looking for a new angle for our next advertising campaign.我们正在为下一次广告活动寻找新视角。◆The article concentrates on the human angle (= the part that concerns people's emotions) of the story.这篇文章集中讨论了故事中人物的情感问题。■ side [countable] one of the opinions, attitudes or positions taken by sb in an argument or agreement （争论或协议中）一方的观点（或态度、立场）◆You need to listen to both sides of the argument.你要听争论双方的观点。◆The other side maintains that the project will not be affordable.另一方坚持说负担不起该项目。◆Will you keep your side of the bargain?你方能不能遵守协议？■ stand [countable, usually singular] an attitude that you take publicly, usually against sth that you disapprove of （对不赞同之事公开的）态度，立场◆We need to take a tough stand on tax avoidance.我们需要在避税问题上采取强硬立场。 class4 noun Which classes are you taking? 你在上什么课？work hard in class 在课堂上用功学习the youngest in the class 班上年龄最小的人all classes of society 社会各阶层class ♦︎ level ♦︎ position ♦︎ rank ♦︎ status ♦︎ rating ♦︎ standing ♦︎ ranking ♦︎ gradeThese are all words for a group in society or within an organization that sb belongs to, based on how much importance or authority they have, or for a measure of how good or important sb/sth is compared with sb/sth else. 这些词均表示阶级、等级、地位。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆sb's class / level / position / rank / status / standing / ranking in / within sth◆a / the high / higher level / position / rank / status / rating / standing / ranking / grade◆a / the low / lower class / level / position / rank / status / rating / standing / ranking / grade◆the top level / rank / rating / ranking / grade◆the upper class / level / rank◆the middle class / level / rank / ranking / grade◆a / the senior level / position / rank / grade◆sb's social class / position / rank / status / standing / ranking◆a / sb's professional class / status / standing◆to improve your position / status / standing / ranking◆to have a ... rank / rating / status / standing◆to give (sb / sth) a status / rating / ranking◆to achieve a rank / status / rating◆sb's class / position / rank / status / standing in society◆a / the class / level / ranks of society■ class [countable + singular or plural verb, uncountable] one of the groups of people in a society that are thought of as being at the same social or economic level; the way that people are divided into different social or economic groups 阶级；阶层；社会等级◆His ideas had an appeal among the wealthy, professional classes.他的想法获得富裕的专业阶层认同。◆Do you consider yourself to be middle class?你认为你属于中产阶级吗？◆A lot of British comedy is based on class differences.许多英国喜剧是以阶级差异为基础的。◆The old class system is not appropriate in a modern age.旧的等级制度不适用于现代。 see also the upper class ⇨ elite , the middle class ⇨ the middle class noun , the working class ⇨ the general public ■ level [countable] one of a number of positions in a scale of importance, for example in society or within an organization （社会、组织等内部的）层次，级别◆He promised reforms at all levels of government.他承诺对各级政府进行改革。◆She reached a very high level at a very young age.她在很年轻时就晋升到非常高的级别。◆The decision is being made at top level.最高层正在做决策。■ position [countable, uncountable] the level of importance of a person or organization when compared with others 地位；等级◆We need to improve the position of women and girls in these societies.我们需要提高女性在这些社会中的地位。◆The company has a dominant position in the world market.那家公司在全球市场占据主导地位。◆Wealth and position are not important to her.财富与地位对她并不重要。■ rank [countable, uncountable] a position, especially an important position, that sb has in a particular organization or society; the position that sb has in one of the armed forces or the police （尤指较高的）地位，级别；军阶；警衔◆She rose through the ranks to become managing director (= she started in a low position).她从底层做起，一步步当上了常务董事。◆She was not used to mixing with people of high social rank.她不习惯和社会地位很高的人交往。◆He was promoted to the rank of major.他被提升至少校军衔。◆I gave them only my name, rank and serial number.我只给了他们我的名字、军衔和编号。■ status /ˈsteɪtəs, NAmE also ˈstætəs/ [uncountable, countable, usually singular] the social or professional position of sb/sth in relation to others, based on the amount of respect they get from other people 地位；身份；职位◆The only jobs on offer were of low status and badly paid.仅有的在征人的工作地位低下，薪水很低。◆How do people perceive the status of the full-time mother?人们对全职母亲的地位怎么看？■ rating [countable] a measurement of how good, important, popular, etc. sb/sth is, especially in relation to other people or things 等级，级别（质量、重要性、流行程度等的标准）◆It was a very good rating for an amateur performance.对业余演出来说，这是非常高的水平。◆The poll gave an approval rating of 39% for the president.民意调查表明公众对总统的支持率为39%。 see also rate ⇨ rank verb , rate ⇨ judge verb 1 ■ standing [uncountable] the position or reputation of sb/sth within a group of people or in an organization 地位；级别；身份；名声◆The prime minister needs to improve his standing with the public.首相需要提高他在公众中的声望。◆Their standing as a profession has declined in recent years.他们的职业地位近年来一直在下降。■ ranking [countable] the position of sb/sth on a scale that shows how good or important they are compared with other people or things, especially in sport （尤指体育运动中的）地位，排名，排位◆She has retained her No. 1 world ranking.她保住了自己世界第一的排名。◆The product has consistently been given a high ranking by consumer groups.消费群体对该产品的评分一直很高。 see also rank ⇨ rank verb ■ grade [countable] a rank or level that sb has within an organization, often related to how much they are paid for doing their job （官衔的）级别；职别◆She's still only on a secretarial grade.她的职别仍然是秘书。◆The higher grades within the organization usually get bigger pay rises.在组织内部，通常级别越高，薪水涨幅越大。 job noun see also work noun 2 job ♦︎ position ♦︎ post ♦︎ vacancy ♦︎ opening ♦︎ appointment ♦︎ postingThese are all words for a position doing work for which you receive regular payment. 这些词均表示职位或职位空缺。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a vacancy / an opening for sb◆a temporary job / position / post / vacancy / appointment / posting◆a permanent / full-time / part-time job / position / post / vacancy / appointment◆a good / top job / position / post / appointment◆a well-paid / highly-paid job / position / post◆to have / have got a job / a position / a post / a vacancy / an opening / an appointment / a posting◆to apply for a job / a position / a post / a vacancy / a posting◆to hold / seek a job / a position / a post / an appointment◆to look for / give sb a job / position / post / posting◆to find a job / position / post◆to get a job / a position / a post / an appointment / a posting◆to offer sb / take a job / a position / a post / an appointment / a posting◆to fill a job / position / post / vacancy◆to land / resign from / leave / quit / keep / lose a job / position / post◆to create / provide jobs / positions / posts / vacancies / openings■ job [countable] a position doing work for which you receive regular payment 工作；职业；职位◆He's trying to get a job in teaching.他正在找一份教师工作。◆I'm only doing my job (= I'm doing what I'm paid to do).我只是在做自己分内的事而已。◆He certainly knows his job (= is very good at his job).他无疑对自己的工作很在行。◆We provide training on the job (= while sb is actually doing the job).我们提供在职培训。◆She's been out of a job (= unemployed) for six months now.如今她已经失业六个月了。◆She's never had a steady job (= a job that is not going to end suddenly).她从未有过稳定的工作。◆Her job title is Senior Advisor.她的职称是高级顾问。◆Job satisfaction (= being happy with the job you do) is very important to me.工作上的满足感对我来说非常重要。■ position [countable] (rather formal) a job 职位；职务◆She holds a senior position in a large corporation.她在一家大公司担任高层。◆I would like to apply for the position of sales director.我想申请销售部总监一职。ⓘ Position usually refers to a particular job within an organization, especially at a high level, and is not usually used about jobs generally. It is also often used in job applications, descriptions and advertisements. * position通常指机构内部的特定职务，特别是高层职位，不用来泛指工作。该词也常用于求职、职务说明和招聘广告中。 see also office ⇨ role ■ post [countable] (especially BrE) a job, especially an important one in a large organization 职位；（尤指）要职◆Ideally I'm looking for an academic post.我心中最理想的是谋求一个教学职位。◆She was offered a key post in the new government.她获委任在新政府中担任要职。ⓘ In American English post is only really used for an appointed government job; in other cases where British English uses post, American English uses position. 在美式英语中post仅指委任的政府职务，在其他场合中英式英语用post，美式英语用position◆a Cabinet post内阁职务◆an academic position教学职位 ■ vacancy / /ˈveɪkənsi/ / [countable] a job that is available for sb to do 职位空缺；空职；空额◆We have several vacancies for casual workers.我们缺几名临时工。◆We'll let you know if any more vacancies come up.如果再有职位空缺，我们会通知你。■ opening [countable] a job that is available for sb to do 职位空缺；空职；空额◆There are several openings in the sales departments.销售部有几个职位空缺。NOTE 辨析 Vacancy or opening?These words have the same meaning and there is very little difference in their use. Vacancy is more frequent, especially in British English. Opening is slightly more informal and is used more in American English and in financial journalism. 这两个词含义相同，用法上也没什么差别。vacancy比较常用，尤用于英式英语；opening稍欠正式，更多用于美式英语和财经新闻。■ appointment [countable] (especially BrE, rather formal) a job or position of responsibility 职务；职位◆This is a permanent appointment, requiring commitment and hard work.这是一个固定职位，需要奉献精神和辛勤工作。 see also appoint ⇨ appoint ■ posting [countable] (especially BrE) an act of sending sb to a particular place to do their job, especially for a limited period of time; the job that sb is sent to do 派驻；派驻的职位◆He asked for a posting to the Middle East.他申请派驻中东。◆Staff will work abroad on 2-5 year postings.员工将被派往海外工作2至5年。ⓘ Posting is also used in American English, but usually only to refer to limited-term government jobs. * posting也用于美式英语中，但通常仅指有期限的政府驻外职务。 see also post ⇨ send 2 place1 noun a good place for a picnic/I hate this place! 野餐的好地方；我不喜欢这个地方！Come and sit here－I've saved you a place. 到这儿来坐吧－我给你留了个座位。place ♦︎ site ♦︎ area ♦︎ position ♦︎ point ♦︎ location ♦︎ scene ♦︎ spot ♦︎ venue ♦︎ whereaboutsThese are all words for a particular area or part of an area, especially one used for a particular purpose or where sth is situated or happens. 这些词均表示场所、地方。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a (good, etc.) place / site / position / location / spot / venue for sth◆at a place / site / position / point / location / scene / spot / venue◆in a place / an area / a position / a location / a venue◆the place / site / point / location / spot / venue where...◆a / an good / ideal / suitable place / site / position / location / spot / venue◆a / an interesting / beautiful / convenient / remote place / site / position / location / spot◆the right place / site / position / location / spot / venue◆a central site / position / location / venue◆a prime site / position / location◆the / sb / sth's exact / precise place / site / position / point / location / spot / whereabouts◆the / sb / sth's current / present site / position / location / whereabouts■ place [countable] a particular point, area, town, building, etc., especially one used for a particular purpose or where a particular thing happens 位置；地点；场所；地方◆Is this the place where it happened?这就是事发现场吗？◆This would be a good place for a picnic.这可是个野餐的好地方。◆I can't be in two places at once.我不可能同时身处两地。◆The police searched the place.警察搜查了那个地方。◆These streets are no place for a child to be out alone at night.晚上小孩子可不能一个人到这几条街上来。◆We're looking for a place to eat.我们想找个地方吃饭。◆There was no hiding place.没有藏身之地。◆Please write your full name, date and place of birth.请写下你的全名、出生日期和出生地。■ site [countable] the place where sth, especially a building, is or will be situated; a place where sth happened or that is used for a particular purpose （建筑物的）位置；建筑工地；（事件发生的）现场；场所◆We visited the site of a 16th century abbey.我们参观了一座16世纪大教堂的旧址。◆All the materials are on site so that work can start immediately.所有材料都已运抵工地，可以立即开工。◆ (BrE) a building site建筑工地◆ (NAmE, BrE) a construction site建筑工地◆This was the site of a great battle.这里曾打过一场大战。◆They say it's an ancient burial site.他们说那里古时候是个坟场。◆a camp / camping / caravan site营地；野营地；旅行拖车停车点◆The kids used to play on an old bomb site (= a place that had been bombed in the past).孩子们过去经常在轰炸后的废墟上玩耍。 see also site ⇨ base verb ■ area [countable] a part of a room, building or particular space that is used for a special purpose; a particular place on an object （房间、建筑物、处所等中作特别用途的）场地，区；（物体上的）处，部位◆the hotel reception area酒店接待处◆a play / parking / dining area游戏场地；停车场；用餐处◆Move the cursor to a blank area on the screen.把光标移至电脑屏幕的空白区。◆The tumour had not spread to other areas of the body.肿瘤没有扩散到身体其他部位。 see also area ⇨ area 1 ■ position [countable, uncountable] the place where a person or thing is situated; the place where sb/sth is meant to be 位置；地方；正确位置◆From his position at the top of the hill, he could see the harbour.他在山顶那位置，可以看到海港。◆Radars determine the aircraft's position.雷达确定飞机位置。◆Is everybody in position?大家都就位了吗？◆The dancers all got into position.舞者都到位了。◆She took up her position by the door.她到门边就位。ⓘ The position of sb/sth is often temporary: the place where sb/sth is at a particular time. * position常常是暂时性的，即某人或某物在某段时间所在的位置。 see also position ⇨ position noun , position ⇨ put verb 1 ■ point [countable] a particular place within an area, where sth happens or is supposed to happen （事情发生或应该发生的）地方，地点◆I'll wait for you at the meeting point in the arrivals hall.我将在抵港大厅的集合点等你。◆the point at which the river divides河流分叉点◆No parking beyond this point.请勿越此界停车。■ location / /ləʊˈkeɪʃn; NAmE loʊˈkeɪʃn/ [countable] a place where sth happens or exists, especially a place that is not named or is not known （尤指未提及或未知的）地点，位置，地方◆Please tell us your exact location.请告知你的确切方位。◆The company is moving to a new location.公司准备迁移新址。◆They got married at a secret location in Scotland.他们在苏格兰某个秘密地方成婚了。ⓘ A location is also a place outside a film studio where scenes of a film are made. * location还指电影的外景拍摄地◆A mountain in the Rockies became the location for a film about Everest.落基山脉的一座山成了一部有关珠穆朗玛峰的电影的外景拍摄地。◆The movie was shot entirely on location in Italy.这部影片的外景完全是在意大利拍摄的。 see also locate ⇨ base , locate ⇨ find 4 ■ scene [countable, usually singular] a place where sth happens, especially sth unpleasant （尤指不愉快的事情发生的）现场，地点◆Several onlookers gathered at the scene of the accident.几个旁观者围在事故现场。◆The scene of the crime is being investigated by the police.警方正在勘察犯罪现场。◆Firefighters were on the scene immediately.消防员立即赶到现场。■ spot [countable] a particular point or area, especially one that has a particular character or where sth particular happens （尤指具有某种特点或某类事件发生的）地点，场所，处所◆She stood rooted to the spot (= unable to move) with fear.她吓得呆若木鸡地站在那儿。◆The lake is one of the local beauty spots.该湖是当地的风景名胜之一。◆He has reported from several of the world's major trouble spots (= places where trouble often happens, especially violence and war).他去过世界几大动荡地区做过报道。■ venue /ˈvenjuː/ / [countable] the place where people meet for an organized event such as a performance or sports event 聚集地点（如演出或体育比赛场馆）◆The band will be playing at several different venues in the UK.这个乐队将在英国几个不同地方演出。◆Please note the change of venue for this event.请注意，这次比赛改了地点。■ whereabouts /ˈweərəbaʊts; NAmE ˈwerəbaʊts/ [uncountable + singular or plural verb] the place where sb/sth is （人或物）所在的地方；下落；行踪◆Her whereabouts is / are still unknown.她仍下落不明。◆They were forced to reveal the whereabouts of the ship.他们被迫说出了船的下落。ⓘ Whereabouts is often used to talk or ask about sb/sth when you do not know where that person or thing is. * whereabouts常用于表示人或物的行踪不明。 situation noun ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ information 另见information条situation ♦︎ circumstance ♦︎ position ♦︎ conditions ♦︎ things ♦︎ the case ♦︎ state of affairsThese are all words for the conditions and facts that are connected with and affect the way things are. 这些词均表示情况、状况、形势。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆in (a) particular situation / circumstances / position / state of affairs◆the general / current / present / real situation / circumstances / position / conditions / state of affairs◆the / sb's economic / financial / social situation / circumstances / position / conditions◆(a / an) normal / unusual / ideal situation / circumstances / position / conditions / state of affairs◆(a / an) favourable / difficult / exceptional / desperate situation / circumstances / position / conditions◆(a) healthy / satisfactory situation / position / conditions / state of affairs◆(a / an) happy / unhappy situation / circumstances / position / state of affairs◆to create a situation / circumstances / conditions◆to describe / explain the situation / circumstances / position / things / state of affairs◆to look at / review the situation / circumstances / conditions / things■ situation [countable] all the things that are happening at a particular time and in a particular place 情况；状况；形势；局面◆You need to consider the present economic situation.你需要考虑目前的经济形势。◆In your situation, I would look for another job.假如我是你的话，我会另找工作。◆He could see no way out of the situation.他找不到摆脱现状的出路。◆You could get into a situation where you have to decide immediately.你可能会遇到不得不立刻作决定的情况。■ circumstance [countable, usually plural] the facts that are connected with and affect a situation, event or action; the conditions of a person's life, especially the money they have 条件；环境；境遇，境况（尤指经济状况）◆Police said there were no suspicious circumstances surrounding the boy's death.警方说关于这个男孩的死亡没有发现可疑情况。◆Under the circumstances (= considering the facts of the situation), it seemed better not to tell him about the accident.在这种情况下，不告诉他这次事故似乎更好。◆Under no circumstances should you lend Paul any money.你无论如何都不能借钱给保罗。◆Grants are awarded according to your financial circumstances.补助金是根据你的经济状况发放的。ⓘ Circumstance [uncountable] is a formal word for 'situations and events that affect and influence your life and that are not in your control'. * circumstance是表达“命运、客观条件”的正式用词◆a victim of circumstance (= a person who has suffered because of a situation that they cannot control) 客观环境的牺牲品◆He had to leave the country through force of circumstance (= events or the situation made it necessary).环境所迫，他只得离开该国。 ■ position [countable, usually singular] the situation that sb is in, especially when it affects what they can and cannot do 处境；地位；状况◆This put him and his colleagues in a difficult position.这使他和他的同事陷入了困境。◆The company's financial position is not certain.这家公司的财务状况不明朗。◆I'm afraid I am not in a position to help you.我恐怕帮不了你。■ conditions [plural] the circumstances in which people live, work or do things; the physical situation that affects how sth happens （居住、工作或做事情的）环境，境况，条件；（影响某事发生的）物质环境◆These neglected children are living under the most appalling conditions.这些无人管的儿童在最恶劣的环境下生活。◆They held a one-day strike to demand improvements in pay and conditions.他们举行了一天的罢工，要求提高工资和改善工作条件。◆Beware of treacherous driving conditions.当心危险的行车环境。NOTE 辨析 Circumstances or conditions? Circumstances refers to sb's financial situation; conditions are things such as the quality and amount of food or shelter they have, or the things that they get from their employer, such as holiday and sickness pay and a pleasant working environment. The circumstances that affect an event are the facts surrounding it; the conditions that affect it are usually physical ones, such as the weather. * circumstances指某人的经济状况，conditions则指伙食或居住的状况，或指雇用待遇，如假期、病假工资和舒适的工作环境等。circumstances是对某事产生影响的相关情况，conditions则通常是物质环境，如天气。■ things [plural] (rather informal, especially spoken) the general situation, as it affects sb 形势；局面；情况；事态◆Things haven't gone entirely to plan.事态没有完全按照计划发展。◆ (informal) Hi, Jane! How are things?喂，简！近来怎么样？◆Think things over before you decide.先把情况考虑周全了再作决定。◆As things stand at present, he seems certain to win.从目前情况看，他似乎胜券在握。◆All things considered (= considering all the difficulties or problems), she's done very well.通盘考虑起来，她做得很好。◆Why do you make things so difficult for yourself?你为什么这样跟自己过不去？ⓘ Things is used more in spoken than written English, and in slightly informal contexts, especially when talking about your personal life (rather than politics, business, etc.). * things较多用于口语而非书面语，而且是不太正式的语境，特别是涉及个人生活而非政治、公务等◆Things are rather difficult at home.家里的情况很困难。◆the political situation政治形势◆political things ■ the case [singular] the true situation 实情；事实◆If that is the case (= if the situation described is true), we need more people.如果真是那样，我们就需要更多的人手了。◆It is simply not the case that prison conditions are improving.监狱条件得到改善的说法绝非事实。 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ fact 另见fact条■ state of afˈfairs [singular] idiom a situation 事态；情况；形势◆How did this unhappy state of affairs come about?这种不愉快的情况是怎样发生的？ see also state ⇨ state NOTE 辨析 Situation or state of affairs? State of affairs is mostly used with this. It is also used with adjectives describing how good or bad a situation is, such as desirable, happy, sorry, shocking, sad and unhappy, as well as those relating to time, such as present and current. Situation is much more frequent and is used in a wider variety of contexts. * state of affairs主要与this连用，也可与表示情况好坏的形容词（如desirable、happy、sorry、shocking、sad和unhappy）以及与时间有关的形容词（如present和current）连用。situation常用得多，且适用的语境更广泛。 put1 verb Put the cases down there. 把箱子放那儿吧。put sth into perspective 正确地看待某事put ♦︎ place ♦︎ lay ♦︎ set ♦︎ position ♦︎ stuff ♦︎ pop ♦︎ dump ♦︎ stick ♦︎ settle ♦︎ plantThese words all mean to move sth into a particular place or position. 这些词均表示放、安置。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to put / place / lay / set / position / pop / dump / stick sth on sth◆to put / place / set / stuff / pop / dump / stick sth in / into sth◆to put / lay / set sth down◆to put / place / lay sth carefully■ put (putting, put, put) [transitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to move sth into a particular place or position 放；安置◆Put the cases down there, please.请把箱子放那儿吧。◆Put that knife down (= stop holding it) before you hurt somebody!把刀放下，别伤着人！◆Put your hand up if you need more paper.如果还要纸，请举手。◆Did you put sugar in my coffee?你在我的咖啡里放糖了没有？■ place [transitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to put sth in a particular place, especially when you do it carefully or deliberately （尤指小心或有意地）放置，安放◆He placed his hand on her shoulder.他把手搭在她的肩上。◆A bomb had been placed under the seat.座位下面放了一枚炸弹。■ lay (laid, laid) [transitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常与副词或介词连用) to put sb/sth in a particular position, especially when you do it gently or carefully （尤指轻轻地或小心地）放置，安放，搁◆She laid the baby down gently on the bed.她把婴儿轻轻地放在床上。◆He laid a hand on my arm.他把手搭在我的胳膊上。◆Relatives laid wreaths on the grave.死者亲属在墓前献了花圈。NOTE 辨析 Place or lay?In many cases you can use either word. However, place is usually more deliberate, and lay is usually more gentle. You place things but not people; you can lay things or people. 在许多情况下这两个词可以通用，但是place通常指特意把东西放在某处，lay通常指轻轻地放置。place的宾语是物，不能是人。lay的宾语可以是物，也可以是人◆A bomb had been laid under the seat. ◆She placed the baby on the bed. ■ set (setting, set, set) [transitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to put sb/sth in a particular place or position, especially sth that you have carried from somewhere else 放，置（尤指从别处拿来的东西）；使处于◆She set a tray down on the table.她把托盘放在桌子上。◆They ate everything that was set in front of them.他们把放在面前的东西都吃光了。◆When she fell he picked her up and set her on her feet again.他在她跌倒时把她扶起，让她重新站稳。■ position [transitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常与副词或介词连用) to put sb/sth in a particular place, especially in order to be ready for sb/sth 安装，安置，使处于（尤指就绪）◆Large television screens were positioned at either end of the stadium.体育场的两端安置了大型电视屏幕。◆She quickly positioned herself behind the desk.她迅速在桌子后面就位。 see also position ⇨ place noun 1 , position ⇨ position noun ■ stuff [transitive] (always used with an adverb or a preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to push sth quickly and carelessly into a small space 胡乱把⋯塞进（或填进）◆She stuffed the money under the pillow.她把钱塞到枕头下。◆His hands were stuffed in his pockets.他双手插在口袋里。■ pop (-pp-) [transitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) (especially BrE, informal) to put sth somewhere quickly, suddenly or for a short time （迅速、突然或暂时地）放置◆He popped his head around the door and said hello.他从门后探了下头，打了个招呼。◆I'll pop the books in (= deliver them) on my way home.我在回家时顺便把书送去吧。■ dump [transitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常与副词或介词连用) to put sth down in a careless or untidy way, especially on the floor or a surface such as a table （尤指往地上或桌上等）随便堆放，乱放◆Just dump your stuff over there－we'll sort it out later.就把你的东西堆在那儿吧，我们以后再整理。■ stick (stuck, stuck) [transitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) (informal) to put sth in a place, especially quickly or carelessly （尤指迅速或随手）放置◆Stick your bags down there.把你的包搁到那儿吧。◆Can you stick this on the noticeboard?你能不能把这个贴到布告板上？■ settle [transitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to put sth carefully in a position so that it does not move 把⋯放好；安放◆She settled the blanket around her knees.她用毯子裹住膝盖。■ plant [transitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to place sth or yourself firmly in a particular place or position 立稳；竖立；安放◆They planted a flag on the summit.他们在山顶上插了一面旗子。◆He planted himself squarely in front of us.他稳稳地站在我们的正前方。 |