| 例句 |
present verb
⇨ present 1 (present a new product) ⇨ present 2 (present sth as a victory) ⇨ present 3 (present a report) ⇨ present 4 (present a TV show) ⇨ emerge (an opportunity presents itself) ⇨ give 1 (present the prizes) ⇨ introduce 2 (May I present my son?) ⇨ play 3 (present a play)present adj.
⇨ recentpresent noun
⇨ giftpresent1 verb present a new product 推出新产品present sth as a victory 把某事描述成胜利present a report 提交报告present a TV show 主持电视节目present ♦︎ show ♦︎ display ♦︎ produce ♦︎ unveil ♦︎ launchThese words all mean to make sth available for other people to see. 这些词均表示推出、展出。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to present / show / display / unveil / launch a new product / model◆to present / show / display your wares◆to present / show / unveil plans◆to show / display a painting / your work / a collection / a trophy◆to present / show / display sth proudly■ present [transitive] to offer a new product or plan for other people to look at 推出（新产品）；展示（新方案）◆They are going to present the new model at the trade fair.他们将在商品交易会上推出这一新款。■ show (showed, shown) [intransitive, transitive] to be or make sth available for the public to see 展览；上映；演出◆The film is being shown now.该影片正在上映。◆She plans to show her paintings early next year.她计划明年年初展出自己的绘画作品。 see also show ⇨ exhibition noun , showing ⇨ programme ■ display [transitive] to put sth in a place where people can see it easily; to show sth to people 陈列；展示；展出◆The exhibition gives local artists an opportunity to display their work.这次展览给了地方艺术家展示他们作品的机会。◆She displayed her bruises for all to see.她把自己身上青一块紫一块的伤露出来给大家看。 see also display ⇨ exhibition noun , display ⇨ show verb 3 , put sth up ⇨ hang NOTE 辨析 Show or display? Show is the less formal and more general of these words. Artists themselves usually talk about showing their work. Display emphasizes that sth has been put where as many people as possible will see it, and usually also that it has been arranged in an attractive way. * show不如display正式，但含义较宽泛。艺术家通常用show表示展示自己的作品。display强调在尽可能多的人前展出，展品通常布置得很吸引人。■ produce [transitive] to show sth or make sth appear from somewhere 出示；展现；使出现◆He produced a letter from his pocket.他从口袋里掏出一封信来。◆At the meeting the finance director produced the figures for the previous year.会上财务总监展示了上一年的数字。■ unveil / /ˌʌnˈveɪl/ / [transitive] (journalism 新闻) to show or introduce a new product or plan to the public for the first time （首次）展示，介绍，推出（新产品或新计划）◆They will be unveiling their new models at the Motor Show.他们将在车展上首次推出他们的新车型。◆The government has unveiled plans for new energy legislation.政府已经出台了新能源法方案。■ launch / /lɔːntʃ/ / [transitive] to introduce or show a new book or product to the public for the first time 发行，推出（新书或新产品）◆The book was launched amid a fanfare of publicity.在隆重的广告宣传下这本书发行了。◆The new model will be launched in July.这一新款将于7月份推出。 see also launch ⇨ launch noun NOTE 辨析 Unveil or launch?You can unveil/launch a product/model, unveil plans or launch a book, but you cannot ◆launch plans or ◆unveil a book 可以说unveil/launch a product/model、unveil plans或launch a book。不说launch plans，也不说unveil a book。 present2 verb present a new product 推出新产品present sth as a victory 把某事描述成胜利present a report 提交报告present a TV show 主持电视节目 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ describe 另见describe条present ♦︎ show ♦︎ portray ♦︎ depict ♦︎ representThese words all mean to show what sb/sth is like or how you would like people to see sb/sth. 这些词均表示以某种方式展现、表现。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to present / show / portray / depict / represent sb / sth as sth◆to present / show / portray / depict / represent sb / sth accurately◆to present / show / portray / depict sb / sth clearly◆to present / show / portray / depict sth vividly■ present [transitive] (not usually used in the progressive tenses 通常不用于进行时) to show or describe sb/sth from a particular point of view or in a particular way （从某个角度或以某种方式）展现，展示，表现◆The company has decided it must present a more modern image.公司决定，必须展现其更加现代的形象。◆You need to present yourself better.你需要更好地展示自己。◆The article presents these proposals as misguided.文章称这些提案是误入歧途。■ show (showed, shown) [transitive] (not usually used in the progressive tenses 通常不用于进行时) (of a picture or photograph) to be of sb/sth （图片或照片）描绘，描述，表现◆She had objected to a photo showing her in a bikini.她曾反对给自己拍穿比基尼泳装的照片。◆The picture shows St George slaying the dragon.这张图片描绘了圣乔治屠龙的画面。■ portray / /pɔːˈtreɪ; NAmE pɔːrˈtreɪ/ [transitive] (not usually used in the progressive tenses 通常不用于进行时) (rather formal) to show sb/sth in a picture or describe sb/sth in a piece of writing; to present sb/sth in a particular way, especially when this does not give a complete or accurate impression of what they are like 描绘；描述；（尤指有失偏颇地）表现◆His war poetry vividly portrays life in the trenches.他的战地诗生动地描绘了战壕里的生活。◆Throughout the trial, he portrayed himself as the victim.审判过程中，他始终把自己说成是受害者。 see also portrayal ⇨ description ■ depict /dɪˈpɪkt/ / [transitive] (not usually used in the progressive tenses 通常不用于进行时) (rather formal) to portray sb/sth in a particular way, especially in a work of art （尤指艺术作品以某种方式）描绘，刻画◆The panels depict scenes from the life of St Ursula.这些镶板描绘了圣乌尔苏拉的生活片段。◆The advertisements depict smoking as glamorous and attractive.这些广告把吸烟描绘成富有魅力而迷人的行为。 see also depiction ⇨ description ■ represent [transitive] (not usually used in the progressive tenses 通常不用于进行时) (formal) to show sb/sth, especially in a picture; to present sb/sth in a particular way, especially when this may not be fair 描绘；（尤指不公平地）展现，描述◆The results are represented in fig 3 below.结果如下面图3所示。◆The risks were represented as negligible.他们把风险说得微不足道。 see also representation ⇨ description NOTE 辨析 Portray or depict or represent? Represent is the most formal but also the most general of these words and is used in texts such as reports and formal journalism. Depict is slightly more technical than portray and is used more often when talking about art, especially art that is not just pictures or paintings; typical subjects include work, scene, panel, mosaic, tapestry and fresco. Portray is used more often to talk about how things are presented in the media; typical objects include character, image, idea, view and society. 这些词中，represent一词最正式，但含义也最宽泛，用于书面报告和正式的新闻报道。depict比portray专业性稍强，较常用于谈论艺术，特别是非图片或绘画艺术，常见的主语有work、scene、panel、mosaic、tapestry和fresco。portray较常指媒体对事物的描述，常带的宾语有character、image、idea、view和society。 present3 verb present a new product 推出新产品present sth as a victory 把某事描述成胜利present a report 提交报告present a TV show 主持电视节目present ♦︎ submit ♦︎ file ♦︎ hand sth in ♦︎ lodge ♦︎ table ♦︎ send sth in ♦︎ register ♦︎ put sth inThese words all mean to offer sth for other people to consider or deal with. 这些词均表示提出、提交。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to present / submit / hand sth in / send in / put in sth to sb◆to present / submit / file / lodge / send in / register / put in an application◆to present / submit / file / lodge / register / put in a claim / complaint◆to present / submit / file / lodge an appeal◆to submit / file / lodge / register a / an objection / protest◆to present / submit / put in a proposal / request◆to present / submit / table a bill / motion / resolution◆to present / register / send in your views◆to present / submit / file / send in a report◆to formally present / submit / file / table / register sth■ present [transitive] to offer sth for other people to consider 提出；提交◆Eight options were presented for consideration.已提出八种备选方案供审议。◆Are you presenting a paper at the conference?你要在大会上宣读论文吗？◆He presents a convincing case.他展示了一个有说服力的案例。▸ presentation noun [uncountable] ◆The trial was adjourned following the presentation of new evidence to the court.新证据呈给法庭后，审讯就宣告暂停。■ submit / /səbˈmɪt/ / (-tt-) [transitive] (rather formal) to give a document or proposal to sb in authority so that they can study or consider it 提交，呈递（文件或建议）◆They have submitted an application for planning permission to build an extension.他们已经提交了扩建申请。◆Completed projects must be submitted by 10 March.完成的方案必须在3月10号前提交。▸ submission / /səbˈmɪʃn/ / noun [uncountable] ◆When is the date for the submission of proposals?哪一天要提交建议书？■ file [transitive, intransitive] to submit a legal document, claim or charge so that it can be officially recorded and dealt with; (of a journalist) to send a report or story to a newspaper or news organization 提交（法律文件）；提出（索赔申请）；提起（诉讼）；（记者）发送（报道给报社）◆He filed a lawsuit against the company for $100 000 in damages.他向这家公司提起诉讼，要求赔偿10万元的损害赔偿金。◆She decided to file for divorce.她决定提出离婚申请。◆More than one correspondent filed a story describing the spectacle of a cruise missile travelling up the street.不止一个新闻记者撰写报道描述巡航导弹穿越街头的壮观场面。ⓘ You can also file a suit, a claim, a petition, an appeal, an application, charges or for bankruptcy. 与file搭配的词还有suit、claim、petition、appeal、application、charge或for bankruptcy。■ ˌhand sth ˈin phrasal verb to give sth to a person in authority, especially a piece of work or sth that is lost 提交，呈交，上交（尤指书面材料或失物）◆You must hand in this homework by the end of the week.这份作业必须在周末前上交。◆I handed the watch in to the police.我把那块表交给了警察。◆I advise you to hand in your notice (= formally tell your employer that you want to stop working for them).我建议你递交辞呈。■ lodge [transitive] (formal) to make a formal statement about sth to a public organization or authority （向公共机构或当局）正式提出（声明）◆They lodged a compensation claim against the factory.他们向工厂提出了赔偿要求。◆Portugal has lodged a complaint with the International Court of Justice.葡萄牙已经向国际法院提出申诉。ⓘ You can also lodge an appeal, an application, an objection or a protest. * lodge还可以与appeal、application、objection或protest搭配。■ table [transitive] (BrE) to present sth formally for discussion 把⋯提交讨论◆They have tabled a motion for debate at the next Party Conference.他们已经提出一项动议，在下次党大会上进行辩论。ⓘ You can also table an amendment, a motion, a question or a resolution. * table还可以与amendment、motion、question或resolution搭配。 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ propose 另见propose条■ ˌsend sth ˈin phrasal verb (sent, sent)to send sth by post to a place where it will be dealt with 寄去（处理）◆Have you sent in your application yet?你的申请书寄出去了吗？■ register [transitive] (formal) to make your opinion known officially or publicly （正式地或公开地）发表意见，提出主张◆China has registered a protest over foreign intervention.中国对外国干涉正式提出了抗议。ⓘ You can also register your view, opinion, disapproval or a complaint. When you register your opinion, you are usually making your disapproval of sth known. * register还可以与view、opinion、disapproval或complaint搭配。register通常指公开表态反对某事。■ ˌput sth ˈin phrasal verb (putting, put, put)to officially make a claim or request 正式提出（索赔或要求）◆The company has put in a claim for damages.这家公司已经提出赔偿损失的要求。ⓘ You can also put in a bid, an offer, a request or a proposal. * put in还可以与bid、offer、request或proposal搭配。 present4 verb present a new product 推出新产品present sth as a victory 把某事描述成胜利present a report 提交报告present a TV show 主持电视节目present ♦︎ host ♦︎ introduceThese words all mean to appear in a television or radio programme and give details about the show and the people who are in it. 这些词均表示主持节目、主持播放。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to present / host / introduce a programme / show■ present [transitive] (BrE) to be the main speaker in a television or radio show and introduce the different items in it 主持（节目）；主持播放◆She used to present a gardening show on TV.她曾在电视台主持一个园艺节目。■ host [transitive] to present a television or radio show 主持（电视或广播节目）◆Charlie Rose will host tonight's show.查利•罗斯将主持今晚的节目。ⓘ In American English host is the usual word for presenting a show; it is also used in British English, but mostly for shows that have invited guests and/or a studio audience. 在美式英语中，常用host表示主持节目。这个词也用于英式英语，但多指主持有现场嘉宾或观众的节目。■ introduce [transitive] (especially spoken) (in a television or radio show) to tell the audience the name of the person who is going to speak or perform （在电视或广播节目中）介绍（演讲者或表演者）◆May I introduce my first guest on the show tonight...请让我介绍今晚节目的第一位嘉宾⋯ emerge verb ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ happen 另见happen条emerge ♦︎ come up ♦︎ surface ♦︎ present itselfThese words all mean to begin to exist or suddenly appear. 这些词均表示显露、显现或突然出现。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to emerge / surface as / from sth◆a problem emerges / comes up / surfaces / presents itself◆a / an situation / opportunity emerges / comes up / presents itself◆a chance comes up / presents itself■ emerge /iˈmɜːdʒ; NAmE iˈmɜːrdʒ/ [intransitive] to begin to exist; to appear or become known 显露；显现；为人所知◆After the elections opposition groups began to emerge.经过选举，反对派开始露头。◆He rapidly emerged as a key figure in the campaign.他初露头角就迅速成为这次运动的一个主要人物。◆the emerging markets of South Asia正在兴起的南亚市场ⓘ In this meaning emerge is used especially to talk about changes in politics, economics, technology and society, with new situations and events, and people and groups playing new roles. 表达此义时，emerge尤指在政治、经济、技术和社会变革中新情况、新事物不断出现，以及各类人和团体发挥新的作用等。▸ emergence noun [uncountable] ◆the emergence of new technologies新技术的出现■ ˌcome ˈup phrasal verb (came, come)(of a subject) to be mentioned or discussed; (of an opportunity) to become available （话题）被提及，被讨论；（机会）出现◆The subject came up in conversation.谈话中提到了这个话题。◆The question is bound to come up at the meeting.会上肯定会提出这个问题。◆When the chance came up to go to Paris, she jumped at it.去巴黎的机会一出现，她就毫不犹豫地把握住了。■ surface [intransitive] to suddenly appear or become obvious after having been hidden for a while （隐藏或被掩盖一段时间后）突然冒出，显露，浮现◆Doubts began to surface.质疑声开始出现。◆No further information has surfaced yet.至今还没有进一步的消息。◆She surfaced again years later in London.多年之后她又在伦敦出现了。ⓘ In this meaning surface can be used to talk about feelings, facts or people. 表达此义时，surface可指感受、事实或人出现。■ present itself phrase (of a problem, solution or opportunity) to suddenly happen or become available （问题、答案或机会）突然出现，显露，产生◆Thankfully, a solution presented itself to him surprisingly soon.谢天谢地，他出乎意料地很快就得到了答案。◆As soon as the opportunity presented itself, she would get another job.一有机会她就会另谋新职。 give1 verb give sb a present 送给某人礼物Give your mother the letter. 把信交给你母亲。give sb drugs/advice/a punishment 给予某人药物／建议／惩罚give sb a headache/an air of mystery 令某人头疼／有一种神秘感give money to charity/give blood 向慈善机构捐款；献血give ♦︎ award ♦︎ present ♦︎ confer ♦︎ transfer ♦︎ accord ♦︎ bestow ♦︎ lavish sth on/upon sb/sthThese words all mean to allow sb to have sth. 这些词均表示给予、授予。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to give / award / present / transfer / accord sth to sb◆to confer / bestow / lavish sth on sb◆to give / award / accord sb sth◆to give / present / bestow gifts◆to lavish gifts on / upon sb / sth◆to give / present / bestow an award◆to give / award / present a prize◆to give / confer / accord / bestow (a / an) honour / title / status◆to confer / bestow a favour◆to give / accord / bestow an accolade■ give (gave, given) [transitive, intransitive] hand sth to sb as a present; to allow sb to have sth as a present 赠送；赠与；送给◆What are you giving your father for his birthday?你打算给你父亲送什么生日礼物？◆Did you give the waiter a tip?你给服务员小费了吗？◆We don't usually give presents to people at work.我们一般不给同事送礼。◆They say it's better to give than to receive.人们说施比受有福。■ award [transitive] to make an official decision to give sth to sb as a payment or prize 授予；奖励；判给◆He was awarded damages of £50 000.他判得损害赔偿金5万英镑。◆The judges awarded equal points to both finalists.裁判判定决赛双方得分相等。ⓘ Typical collocates of award are points, prize, trophy and compensation and damages. * award的常见搭配词有point、prize、trophy、compensation和damage。 see also award ⇨ award noun , award ⇨ compensation noun , grant ⇨ allow ■ present [transitive] to give sth to sb, especially formally at a ceremony （尤指在仪式上正式）把⋯交给，颁发，授予◆The local MP will start the race and present the prizes.当地议员将鸣枪开赛并颁奖。◆The sword was presented by the family to the museum.这家人将那把剑捐赠给了博物馆。◆On his retirement, colleagues presented him with a set of golf clubs.在他退休时，同事们赠给了他一套高尔夫球棒。ⓘ Note that you can present sth, you can present sb with sth, or you can present sth to sb. 注意，要说present sth、present sb with sth或present sth to sb。■ confer / /kənˈfɜː(r)/ / (-rr-) [transitive] (formal) to give sb an award, a university degree or a particular honour or right 授予（奖项、学位、荣誉或权利）◆An honorary degree was conferred on him by Oxford University in 2005.牛津大学于2005年授予他荣誉学位。■ transfer / /trænsˈfɜː(r)/ / (-rr-) [transitive] to officially arrange for sth to belong to sb else or for sb else to control sth （正式）转让；让与◆He transferred the property to his son.他把财产转让给了儿子。■ accord [transitive] (formal) to give sb/sth authority, status or a particular type of treatment 给予，赠予，授予（权力、地位或某种待遇）◆Our society accords the family great importance.我们的社会赋予家庭十分重要的地位。◆There were complaints about the special treatment accorded to some minority groups.对一些少数群体给予特殊待遇招致了怨言。ⓘ Accord is often used to talk about the status and recognition that people give particular groups such as a particular profession or religion in society. * accord常指给予社会中特定职业或宗教等特定群体地位和认可。■ bestow /bɪˈstəʊ; NAmE bɪˈstoʊ/ [transitive] (formal) to give sth to sb, especially to show how much they are respected （将⋯）给予，授予，献给（尤指为显示受尊重程度）◆It was a title bestowed upon him by the king.那是国王赐给他的头衔。ⓘ Bestow is most often used to talk about giving rights, respect, honours and titles to people, but it can also be used to talk about special gifts given to people to show how much they are respected. * bestow最常与right、respect、honour和title搭配，但亦可指赠予特殊礼物以示尊重。■ ˈlavish sth on sb/sth■ ˈlavish sth upon sb/sth phrasal verb (written) to give a lot of sth, often too much, to sb/sth 过分给予；滥施◆She lavishes most of her attention on her youngest son.她对小儿子过于关爱。ⓘ Typical collocates of lavish sth on/upon sb/sth are gifts, praise and attention. * lavish sth on/upon sb/sth的常见搭配词有gift、praise和attention。 introduce2 verb introduce the latest technology 推介最新技术Can I introduce myself? 我来自我介绍一下吧。initiatebe introduced to drugsintroduce ♦︎ presentThese words both mean to tell two or more people who have not met before what each other's names are. 这两个词均表示介绍、引见。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to introduce / present sb to sb■ introduce [transitive] to tell two or more people who have not met before what each other's names are; to tell sb what your name is 介绍；引见◆Can I introduce my wife?我来介绍一下我的妻子。◆He introduced me to a Greek girl at the party.他在聚会上介绍我认识了一个希腊姑娘。◆Can I introduce myself? I'm Helen Robins.我来自我介绍一下吧。我叫海伦•罗宾斯。 see also introduction ⇨ meeting 2 ■ present [transitive] (formal) to introduce sb formally, especially to sb of higher rank or status 正式介绍，引见（尤指认识职位或地位更高的人）◆May I present my fiancé?请允许我向您介绍我的未婚夫。 play3 verb children playing 孩子们在玩耍play football/for England/against France 踢足球；代表英格兰参赛；跟法国队比赛play the piano/the role of Hamlet 弹钢琴；扮演哈姆雷特play ♦︎ perform ♦︎ stage ♦︎ do ♦︎ produce ♦︎ act ♦︎ put sth on ♦︎ presentThese words all mean to play a musical instrument, sing, act in a play, etc., especially to entertain an audience. 这些词均表示演奏、演唱或扮演。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to play / perform / do a piece◆to play / act a role / part◆to perform / stage / do / produce / act in / put on / present a play / show◆to perform / stage / do / act in / put on a production◆to stage / do / put on / present a / an performance / concert / exhibition◆a band / musician plays / performs / does sth◆a company stages / does / produces / puts on / presents a play / show◆to play / perform / stage / act / present sth well◆to play / perform / stage / present sth brilliantly◆to play / perform / act sth together◆to play / perform / do sth live / in public■ play [transitive, intransitive] to make music on a musical instrument; to take a part in a play or film 演奏（乐器）；（在戏剧或电影中）扮演◆I'm learning to play the piano.我正学弹钢琴。◆Play us that new piece.给我们演奏那首新曲子吧。◆In the distance a band was playing.远处有个乐队在演奏。◆The part of the Queen was played by Helen Mirren.女王这一角色由海伦•米伦扮演。◆He had always wanted to play Othello.他一直想扮演奥赛罗。■ perform [transitive, intransitive] to entertain an audience by playing a piece of music, acting in a play, etc. 演出；表演◆The play was first performed in 1987.该剧于1987年首演。◆I'd like to hear it performed live.我希望能听现场演出。◆I'm looking forward to seeing you perform.我期待着看你演出。 see also performance ⇨ performance , performer ⇨ actor ■ stage [transitive] (especially written) to organize a play or event for people to see 上演；举办；举行◆The local theatre group is staging a production of 'Hamlet'.当地剧团在上演《哈姆雷特》。◆They're staging an exhibition in the church hall.他们正在教堂大厅里办展览。◆Birmingham has bid to stage the next national athletics championships.伯明翰申办了下届全国田径锦标赛。 see also stage ⇨ drama ■ do (does, did, done) [transitive] (rather informal, especially spoken) to perform or organize a performance of a play, opera, concert, etc. 演出，编排（戏剧、歌剧、音乐会等）◆The local dramatic society is doing 'Hamlet' next month.当地剧社下月上演《哈姆雷特》。■ produce [transitive] to be in charge of preparing a play, film or television programme for the public to see 制作，拍摄（戏剧、电影或电视节目）◆She produced a TV series about adopted children.她拍摄了一部描写被收养儿童的电视系列片。 see also production ⇨ performance ■ act [intransitive, transitive] to perform a part in a play or film 扮演（戏剧或电影中的角色）◆Most of the cast act well.这出戏大多数演员演得不错。◆He just can't act (= acts very badly).他根本不会演戏。◆The play was well acted.这出戏演得不错。◆She is acting the role of Juliet.她在演朱丽叶这一角色。 see also acting ⇨ drama , actor ⇨ actor NOTE 辨析 Play or act?In this meaning, act can be used with an object ( act a part/role) as well as without ( He just can't act.); play can only be used with an object. It is more common to talk about a person playing rather than acting a role or part. People usually talk about acting a part when they are talking about sb pretending to be a particular type of person in everyday life. 表达此义时，act可以带宾语，如act a part/role，也可以不带，如He just can't act。play必须带宾语。表示扮演某个角色较常用play，而不用act。表示在日常生活中装成某类人时通常用act◆I found myself acting the part of the happy newly-married wife.我发现自己正假扮成一个幸福的新婚妻子。A play or film as a whole is acted, not played. 谈论戏剧或电影的整体表演，用act而不用play。◆The play/film was well played. see also act ⇨ pretend ■ ˌput sth ˈon phrasal verb (putting, put, put)to organize or produce a play or event for people to see 举办；上演；展出◆The local drama club is putting on 'Macbeth' at the Playhouse.当地的剧社正在剧场演出《麦克白》。■ present [transitive] (written) to organize or produce a play or event for people to see 举办；上演；展出◆Compass Theatre Company presents a new production of 'King Lear'.罗经剧团推出了全新制作的《李尔王》。◆We plan to present the film uncensored and without commercial breaks.我们计划推出这部影片的未经删剪版，且不插入任何广告。NOTE 辨析 Stage, put sth on or present?You can stage, put on or present a live performance, show, play, concert or exhibition. You can present a film or a programme that has been recorded, but you cannot stage or put on a film. Put on is used especially to talk about amateur (= not professional) performances. * stage、put on或present可以与现场演出如performance、show、play、concert搭配，或与exhibition搭配。present与film或录制好的节目搭配，但是stage或put on不能与film搭配。put on尤指业余演出。 recent adjective recent ♦︎ current ♦︎ latest ♦︎ present ♦︎ modern ♦︎ new ♦︎ contemporary ♦︎ present-day ♦︎ modern-dayThese words all describe sth that belongs to the present time because it is happening now or happened only a short time ago. 这些词均表示当前的、近来的、现今的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆recent / modern times / the present time◆recent / current / present / contemporary / present-day events◆the current / latest / present / contemporary / present-day situation◆recent / current / the latest / present / modern / contemporary trends◆the recent / current / latest / present / modern / new / contemporary / modern-day version◆recent / current / the latest / modern / new / contemporary / present-day forms / theories◆the current / modern / contemporary scene◆current / modern / new / contemporary politics◆modern / a new / contemporary / present-day / modern-day society◆modern / contemporary / present-day life◆the modern / a new / the contemporary world◆(a) recent / modern / new / contemporary / present-day literature / writer◆(a) modern / new / contemporary / present-day art / artist / music■ recent [usually before noun] that happened or began only a short time ago 近来的；新近的◆The next chapter summarizes recent developments in the field.下一章概述该领域最近的发展状况。◆The Prime Minister discussed the issue during his most recent visit to Poland.总理在最近访问波兰时讨论了这个问题。◆There have been many changes in recent years.近几年发生了许多变化。 OPP long-standing ⇨ old 1 ▸ recently adverb ◆We received a letter from him recently.我们不久前收到了他的一封信。◆I haven't seen them recently (= It is some time since I saw them).我近来没见过他们。■ current [only before noun] happening or existing now 现时发生的；当前的；现在的◆The necklace would be worth over $5 000 at current prices.那条项链按现价应超过5 000元。◆Ask your current employer to give you a reference.请你现在的雇主为你写封推荐信。◆Our current financial situation is not good.我们目前的财务状况并不好。OPP former , then , ex- ⇨ former , previous ⇨ previous ▸ currently adverb ◆This matter is currently being discussed by the Board.董事会现在正在讨论这个问题。OPP previously ⇨ previous ■ latest [only before noun] the most recent or newest 最近的；最新的◆She always wears the latest fashions.她总是穿着最新款的时装。◆Her latest novel has been shortlisted for a literary prize.她最近出版的小说已入围一个文学奖的候选名单。◆Have you heard the latest news?你收到最新消息了吗？▸ the latest noun [singular] (rather informal) ◆This is the latest in robot technology.这是最新的机器人技术。◆Have you heard the latest?你收到最新消息了吗？■ present [usually before noun] current 现时发生的；当前的；现在的◆The present owner of the house is a Mr T. Grant.现在的房主是一个叫T.格兰特的先生。◆This is a list of all club members, past and present.这是过去和现在的所有俱乐部会员名单。◆We do not have any more information at the present time.目前我们没有任何进一步的消息。OPP past ⇨ previous ▸ at present phrase ◆ (rather formal) The council has no plans at present to develop this site.地方议会目前并无计划开发此地。▸ presently adverb ◆ (especially NAmE) The crime is presently being investigated by the police.警方目前正在调查此案。NOTE 辨析 Current or present?In many cases you can use either word. 在许多情况下这两个词可以通用◆the current / present situation / state / position / climate / trend / practice / arrangement / value / level / generation / crisis当前的情况／状态／位置／气候／趋势／做法／安排／价值／水平；当今的一代；当前的危机 Current is used especially in financial contexts and in the phrase current affairs. * current尤用于财务语境以及短语current affairs（时事）中◆current spending / expenditure目前的消费／支出◆the current surplus / deficit / yield当前的盈余／赤字／收益 Present is used more often with lengths of time, except in financial contexts. * present更常与表示一段时间的词连用，但在财务语境下用current而不用present◆the present day / century / moment / time当今；本世纪；当下；此刻◆What's the budget for the current year?本年度的预算是多少？ ■ modern [only before noun] of the present time or recent times; (of styles in art, music, fashion, etc.) new and intended to be different from traditional styles 现代的；近代的；（艺术、音乐、时装等的风格）新式的，有别于传统的◆Modern European history欧洲近代史◆Stress is a major problem of modern life.压力是现代生活中的主要问题。◆Shakespeare's language can be a problem for modern readers.莎士比亚的语言对现代读者来说可能不易理解。◆The gallery has regular exhibitions of modern art.该美术馆定期举办现代艺术展。 OPP ancient ⇨ old 1 see also modern ⇨ modern ■ new (often with the 常与the连用) modern; of the latest type 现代的；最新型的◆He couldn't stand the new breed of career politicians.他不能忍受新式职业政客。◆Comedy is the new rock and roll.如今喜剧就像过去的摇滚乐那样大行其道。◆They called themselves the New Romantics.他们自称新浪漫主义者。■ contemporary /kənˈtemprəri; NAmE kənˈtempəreri/ (rather formal) (of life, society or culture) modern （生活、社会或文化）当代的，现代的◆The film paints a depressing picture of life in contemporary Britain.这部影片描绘了当代英国压抑的生活图景。◆She is one of the great innovators of contemporary dance.她是当代舞蹈的伟大创新者之一。NOTE 辨析 Modern or contemporary?In many cases you can use either word, especially when talking about art, culture or society. 在许多情况下这两个词可以通用，尤其是谈论艺术、文化或社会时◆modern / contemporary art / architecture / dance / fiction / literature / music / painting / culture / society / politics / history现代艺术／建筑／舞蹈／小说／文学／音乐／绘画／文化／社会／政治／历史◆the modern / contemporary world / scene现代世界／场景 Modern, but not contemporary, is also used to talk about science and technology. * modern亦可用于修饰科学和技术，但contemporary不能这样用◆modern technology / physics / medicine / warfare / equipment / machinery / techniques现代技术／物理学／医学／战争／设备／机械／工艺 see also modern ⇨ modern ■ ˌpresent-ˈday [only before noun] (especially written) of the present time 当今的；现时的；当代的◆His theories have no relevance to present-day society.他的理论与当今社会无关。◆Serbia at that time already included present-day Macedonia.当时的塞尔维亚已经包括现今的马其顿。ⓘ Present-day is used especially to refer to sth in the form that it has now, when this is different from the form it had in the past. * present-day尤用来表示事物现在的形式，以示与过去的形式有所不同◆present-day society / English / Russia当代社会／英语／俄罗斯 ▸ the ˌpresent ˈday noun [singular] ◆a study of European drama, from Ibsen to the present day从易卜生到现代欧洲戏剧的研究■ ˈmodern-day [only before noun] of the present time 当今的；现时的；当代的◆modern-day America当代美国ⓘ Modern-day is often used to describe a modern form of sb/sth, usually sb/sth bad or unpleasant, that existed in the past. * modern-day常用于描述过去存在的人或事物的现代形态，通常是不好的或消极的◆It has been called modern-day slavery.人们称之为现代奴隶制。 gift noun gift ♦︎ present ♦︎ donation ♦︎ contribution ♦︎ tip ♦︎ gratuity ♦︎ handoutThese are all words for a thing that you give to sb, for example on a special occasion, to help them, or to say thank you. 这些词均表示礼物，馈赠品、谢礼。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a gift / present / donation / contribution / tip / gratuity / handout for / from sb◆a gift / present / donation / contribution to sb / sth◆£50 000, $10, etc. in gifts / donations / contributions / tips / handouts◆a small gift / present / donation / contribution / tip / gratuity◆a large / generous gift / present / donation / contribution / tip◆a / an birthday / wedding / anniversary / Christmas gift / present◆a cash gift / donation / handout◆a free gift / handout◆to get a gift / present / donation / contribution / tip / handout◆to receive a gift / present / donation / contribution / gratuity◆to send (sb) a gift / present / donation / contribution◆to leave (sb) a gift / present / donation / tip / gratuity◆to give (sb) a gift / present / donation / tip◆to make a donation / contribution■ gift [countable] (rather formal, especially written) a thing or a sum of money that you give to sb 礼物；赠品；礼金◆There's a free gift for every reader.每位读者均有赠品。◆The gift of love is the greatest gift a person can give or receive.爱是一个人可以给予或接受的最好的礼物。◆The party was originally funded by a gift of £50 000 from a top motor manufacturer.最初，一家顶尖汽车制造商赠送5万英镑资助了这个政党。◆ (BrE) All such posts are in the gift of the managing director (= only given by the managing director).所有这些职位都由总经理任命。 see also give ⇨ give 5 ■ present [countable] a thing that you give to sb, especially on a special occasion or to say thank you （尤指在特殊场合赠送或表示感谢的）礼物，礼品◆What can I get him for a birthday present?我给他送什么生日礼物好呢？NOTE 辨析 Gift or present? Gift is more formal than present and is used especially in business contexts: a store will advertise its Christmas gift ideas; the people who buy them will talk about the Christmas presents they have bought for family and friends. A present is usually given by and to an individual; a gift may be given by a company ( a corporate gift) and/or to an organization. A present is usually an object, but a gift may be a sum of money, or sth such as the gift of love/life. * gift比present正式，尤用于商务语境。商店作广告宣传的圣诞礼物创意用Christmas gift idea，为家人或朋友购买的圣诞礼物用Christmas present。present通常为个人赠送或收到的礼物，gift可以是公司或机构赠送或收到的礼物，如a corporate gift。present通常为物品，但gift可以是一笔钱，或另类形式的礼物，如the gift of love/life（爱／生命的给予）◆funded by a present of £50 000 ◆She gave me the present of love. Especially in American English, however, gift is not always so formal and is sometimes used in personal contexts instead of present. 不过，尤其在美式英语中，gift不总是如此正式，有时会代替present用于个人场合◆The watch was a gift / present from my mother.这块手表是我妈妈送的礼物。 ■ donation / /dəʊˈneɪʃn; NAmE doʊˈneɪʃn/ [countable] something that is given to a person or organization such as a charity, in order to help them; the act of giving sth in this way （给某人或慈善机构等的）捐赠物，捐款；捐赠◆I made a £200 donation to charity.我向慈善机构捐了200英镑。◆The work of the charity is funded by voluntary donations.这家慈善机构的运作靠自愿捐款资助。◆Organ donation (= allowing doctors to use organs from your body after your death in order to save a sick person's life) has not kept pace with the demand for transplants.器官捐献赶不上器官移植的需求。 see also donate ⇨ give 5 ■ contribution /ˌkɒntrɪˈbjuːʃn; NAmE ˌkɑːntrɪˈbjuːʃn/ [countable, uncountable] a sum of money or sth that is given to a person or organization in order to help pay for sth or raise money for sth; the act of giving sth in this way 捐款；捐物；捐助◆He has made several valuable contributions towards the upkeep of the cathedral.他几次慷慨捐资修葺大教堂。◆Contributions of cakes and other items for the cake sale can be left in the school office.为糕点义卖捐赠的糕点和其他物品可以放到学校办公室。◆We rely entirely on voluntary contribution.我们全靠自愿捐资。 see also contribute ⇨ give 5 NOTE 辨析 Donation or contribution? Contribution places more emphasis on the money or thing given being part of a whole, to be added to other amounts or things that other people have given. Contributions are often expected or asked for; donations are seen more as voluntary gifts. * contribution更强调捐赠的财物为整体的一部分，和他人捐赠的财物合在一起。contribution常为预期会得到或请求别人作出的捐助，donation更多为自愿捐赠。■ tip [countable] a small amount of extra money that you give to sb who has provided a service for you, for example in a restaurant 小费（如在餐馆中给的）◆Are we supposed to leave a tip?我们要留小费吗？◆He gave the waiter a generous tip.他给了服务员很多小费。▸ tip verb (-pp-) [transitive, intransitive] ◆Did you remember to tip the waiter?你记得给服务员小费了吗？◆Americans were always welcome because they tended to tip heavily.美国人总是很受欢迎，因为他们往往给很多小费。■ gratuity /grəˈtjuːəti; NAmE grəˈtuːəti/ [countable] (formal) a tip 小费；赏钱◆Our employees may not accept gratuities.我们的员工不允许收小费。■ handout /ˈhændaʊt/ / [countable] (often disapproving) money that is given to a person or organization by the government, for example to encourage commercial activity 政府拨款（如为了促进商业活动而拨给个人或机构）◆The company is currently thriving thanks to a £70 000 government handout.受惠于政府7万英镑的拨款，这家公司目前正在蓬勃发展。ⓘ Handouts can also be given to people who are poor. * handout还可指派给穷人的捐赠品、救济品。 see also handout ⇨ aid noun , hand sth out ⇨ distribute |