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produce verb
⇨ produce (produce young/fruit) ⇨ cause (produce a result) ⇨ make 1 (produce a meal) ⇨ manufacture (produce oil) ⇨ play 3 (produce a play) ⇨ present 1 (produce sth from your pocket)produce noun
⇨ product produce verb produce ♦︎ have ♦︎ give birth ♦︎ breed ♦︎ clone ♦︎ reproduce ♦︎ bearThese words all mean to grow sth as part of a natural process, or to have a baby or young animal. 这些词均表示长出、出产、繁育。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to produce / breed / clone sth from sth◆to produce / have / give birth to / bear a / an child / son / daughter / heir◆to produce / have / give birth to a baby / litter◆to breed / clone animals◆to produce / bear fruit◆to produce sth / breed / clone sth / reproduce successfully■ produce [transitive] (rather formal) to grow or make sth as part of a natural process; to have a baby or young animal 长出；出产；繁育◆The fruit and vegetables are all produced locally.水果和蔬菜都是当地产的。◆These shrubs produce bright red berries.这些灌木结鲜红的浆果。◆Our cat produced a litter of kittens last week.上星期我们的猫生了一窝小猫。◆Her duty was to produce an heir to the throne.她的任务就是生育王位继承人。ⓘ When it is used to talk about having a baby, produce suggests a lack of emotion in the speaker. It is used especially when people are talking about having a son who will inherit an important position. 用produce表示生育时，意味着说话人缺乏情感，尤指生育某一重要位置的继承人。■ have (has, had, had) [transitive] to produce a baby or young animal 生，生产（小孩或小动物）◆She's going to have a baby.她快生孩子了。◆Our cat has just had five kittens.我们的猫刚刚生了五只小猫。■ give ˈbirth idiom (gave, given) (rather formal) to produce a baby or young animal 生，生产（小孩或小动物）◆She died shortly after giving birth.她产后不久就去世了。◆Mary has given birth to a healthy baby girl.玛丽刚生了一个健康的女婴。NOTE 辨析 Have or give birth? Have is the most usual verb to use when a woman or animal produces a baby or young animals; it can be used in a general way about the process of being pregnant and then giving birth. Give birth is used to talk about the actual act of making a baby come out of your body. 表示女人或动物产子，最常用的动词是have，可以统指整个怀孕和生产的过程。give birth指分娩◆She's going to have a baby (= she is pregnant).她快生孩子了。◆She is about to give birth (= the baby is in the process of being born).她即将临产。◆She died shortly after giving birth (= within a few hours of the baby being born).她分娩完没几个小时就去世了。◆She died shortly after having a baby (= within a few days or weeks).她生完孩子没多少日子就去世了。 ■ breed (bred, bred) [intransitive, transitive](of animals) to have sex and produce young; to keep animals in order to produce young ones in a controlled way （动物）交配繁殖；饲养◆Many animals breed only at certain times of the year.许多动物一年中仅在某些时候交配繁殖。◆The rabbits are bred for their long coats.饲养兔子是为了获取它们长长的皮毛。 see also breed ⇨ keep 4 ■ clone [transitive] (technical 术语) to produce an exact copy of an animal or plant from its cells （以无性繁殖技术）复制；克隆◆A team from the UK were the first to successfully clone an animal.一个英国的研究团队首次成功地克隆了动物。◆They produced Dolly, the cloned sheep.他们复制出了多利，即那只克隆羊。■ reproduce /ˌriːprəˈdjuːs; NAmE ˌriːprəˈduːs/ [intransitive, transitive] (rather formal or technical 术语) (of animals, plants or cells) to produce new animals, plants or cells （动物、植物或细胞）繁殖，生育◆Most reptiles reproduce by laying eggs on land.大部分爬行动物在陆地产卵繁殖。◆These cells reproduce themselves every twenty minutes.这些细胞每二十分钟自我繁殖一次。▸ reproduction noun [uncountable] ◆sexual reproduction有性生殖■ bear (bore, borne) [transitive] (formal or literary) to give birth to a child; to produce flowers or fruit 生（孩子）；开（花）；结（果实）◆She was not able to bear children.她不能生育。◆She had borne him six sons.她为他生了六个儿子。◆These trees take a long time to bear fruit.这些树要很长时间才结果实。 cause verb ➡ See also the entries for ⇨ encourage 3, ⇨ prompt and ⇨ stimulate 另见encourage条第3义、prompt条和stimulate条cause ♦︎ result in sth ♦︎ lead (sth) to sth ♦︎ produce ♦︎ bring sth about ♦︎ give rise to sth ♦︎ create ♦︎ make ♦︎ induceThese words all mean to make sth happen. 这些词均表示使发生、导致。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to cause / result in / lead to / produce / bring about / give rise to a / an change / shift / increase◆to cause / result in / lead to / produce / bring about a reduction in sth◆to cause / result in / lead to / produce / give rise to / create problems / difficulties◆to cause / result in / lead to / produce damage / friction◆to cause / result in / lead to / bring about the collapse / destruction / demise of sth◆to cause / lead to / produce / give rise to / create speculation / uncertainty◆to cause / lead to / give rise to / create discontent / dissatisfaction / resentment◆to result in / lead to / produce improvements / success◆to inevitably cause / result in / lead to / produce / bring about / give rise to / create sth■ cause [transitive] to make sth happen, especially sth bad or unpleasant 使（坏事）发生；造成；导致◆Do they know what caused the fire?他们知道火灾的起因吗？◆Are you causing trouble again?你又要惹麻烦吗？◆Doctors say her condition is causing some concern.医生说她的健康状况开始令人担忧。◆The project is still causing him a lot of problems.这个项目仍然给他带来许多麻烦。◆The poor harvest caused prices to rise sharply.收成不好导致物价急剧上涨。 see also cause ⇨ source noun ■ reˈsult in sth phrasal verb to cause a particular situation, especially the loss or increase of sth; to have sth as a result 造成，导致（某事物的损失或增加）；是⋯的成因◆Closure of the plant could result in the loss of thousands of jobs .工厂关闭可能导致数千份工作流失。◆In 1965 their work resulted in a Nobel Prize.1965年，他们的工作成果获得了诺贝尔奖。◆These policies resulted in many elderly and disabled people suffering hardship.这些政策使许多老人和残疾人饱受困苦。 see also result ⇨ result noun , resulting , resultant ⇨ related ■ lead to sth■ lead sth to sth phrasal verb (led, led)to be the reason why sth happens; to have sth as a result 导致；是⋯的成因◆The scandal ultimately led to his resignation.该丑闻最终导致他辞职了。◆A reward was offered for information leading to an arrest.提供线索使嫌犯被捕的人可获得赏金。◆These policies could lead the country to environmental catastrophe.这些政策可能会使国家陷入环境的灾难。ⓘ Lead to sth is often used as part of a process of explaining or understanding sth. * lead to sth常在解释或理解某事的过程中使用。■ produce [transitive] to cause a particular result or reaction 引起；导致；使产生◆A phone call to the manager produced the result she wanted.给经理打了一个电话就让她如愿以偿。◆The prime minister's speech produced an angry response from opposition parties.首相的讲话激起了反对党派的愤怒反应。◆The drug produces a feeling of great happiness and excitement.那种毒品会使人产生狂喜和兴奋的感觉。■ ˌbring sth aˈbout phrasal verb (brought, brought)to make sth happen, especially to cause sth to change over a period of time or in a number of stages 造成，引起，导致（尤指渐进的或阶段性的变化）◆What brought about the change in his attitude?是什么使他改变了态度？◆It was this scandal that finally brought about her downfall.正是这桩丑闻最终导致她垮台。■ give ˈrise to sth idiom (gave, given) (formal) to make or allow sth to happen or come into existence 使发生；使形成◆The novel's success gave rise to a number of sequels.这部小说的成功带来了一系列的续篇。◆The ocean gave rise to the first life on Earth.海洋孕育了地球上最早的生命。■ create [transitive] to produce a particular feeling or impression 造成，引起，产生（感觉或印象）◆The company is trying to create a young energetic image.该公司正试图塑造一个充满活力的年轻形象。◆The announcement only succeeded in creating confusion.那个通告反而引起了混乱。■ make [transitive] (made, made)to cause sth to appear as a result of breaking, tearing, hitting or removing material 造成（破坏、破损等）◆The rock made a dent in the roof of the car.石头把车顶砸了个坑。◆The holes in the cloth were made by moths.布上的窟窿是虫蛀的。■ induce /ɪnˈdjuːs; NAmE ɪnˈduːs/ [transitive] (formal) to cause sth or make sth more likely to happen 引起；导致；促进◆A glass of warm milk at bedtime may help to induce sleep.睡前喝一杯热牛奶有助于促进睡眠。◆Doctors will begin bringing him out of a drug-induced coma on Sunday.医生会在周日开始让他脱离药物引起的昏迷状态。ⓘ Induce is often used to talk about the effects that sth such as medicine, disease or injury has on the body. * induce常指药物、疾病或受伤等引发对身体的影响◆Hearing loss is often induced by exposure to loud noise.遭受高噪音常会导致听力受损。 make1 verb make your own clothes 自己做衣服make a profit 获利make a living 谋生It made me think. 那件事促使我思考。cookmake a cakeforcebe made to work hard ➡ See also the entries for ⇨ develop 2 and ⇨ manufacture 另见develop条第2义和manufacture条make ♦︎ do ♦︎ create ♦︎ produce ♦︎ build ♦︎ generate ♦︎ formThese words all mean to make sth from parts or materials, or to cause sth to exist or happen. 这些词均表示制造、产生。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to make / create / produce / build / generate / form sth from / out of sth◆to make / form sth into sth◆to make / do / create / produce a drawing / painting◆to make / do / produce a sketch◆to make / create / produce a meal◆to make / produce wine◆Who made / created the universe / world?◆to create / produce / generate income / profits / wealth◆to produce / generate electricity / heat / power◆to make / create / produce a / an noise / impression◆to make / create a fuss / mess◆to create / build / form a picture of past societies■ make (made, made) [transitive] to create or prepare sth by combining materials or putting parts together; to cause sth to exist or happen 制造；做；组装；产生◆She makes her own clothes.她自己做衣服。◆Wine is made from grapes.葡萄酒是用葡萄做的。◆The grapes are made into wine.这些葡萄用来酿酒。◆What's your shirt made of?你的衬衣是什么料子的？◆She made us all coffee.她给我们大家冲了咖啡。◆He has made (= directed or acted in) several movies.他已经出了好几部电影。◆She tried to make a good impression on the interviewer.她努力给面试官留个好印象。 see also making ⇨ production ■ do (does, did, done) [transitive] (rather informal, especially spoken) to make or prepare sth, especially sth artistic or sth to eat 做，做出，创作（艺术品或食物）◆He did a beautiful drawing of a house.他画了一幅房屋的素描，很美。◆Who's doing the food for the party?谁负责操办宴会的饮食？◆Does this pub do (= provide) lunches?这家酒馆供应午餐吗？◆I'll do a copy for you.我将为你复制一份。◆I'll do you a copy.我将复制一份给你。■ create [transitive] to make sth exist or happen, especially sth new that did not exist before 创造；创作；创建◆Scientists disagree about how the universe was created.科学家对宇宙是怎样形成的意见不一。◆The government plans to create more jobs for young people.政府计划为年轻人创造更多的就业机会。◆Create a new directory and put all your files into it.创建一个新目录，然后把所有的文件都放进去。 see also creation ⇨ development , creative ⇨ creative , creator ⇨ designer NOTE 辨析 Make or create? Make is a more general word and is more often used to talk about physical things: you would usually make a table/dress/cake but create jobs/wealth. You can use create to talk about sth physical in order to emphasize how original or unusual the object is. * make含义更宽泛，多指制造物质性的东西，如make a table/dress/cake（制造桌子；做连衣裙；做蛋糕）；但创造就业机会或财富用create jobs/wealth。要强调某物品或实体是原创的或不同寻常，用create◆Try this new dish, created by our head chef.尝尝这道新菜吧，是我们主厨首创的。 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ cause 另见cause条 ■ produce [transitive] to create sth using skill; to create power or money （运用技巧）制作，做出；创造（财富）；产生（电）◆She produced a delicious meal out of a few leftovers.她利用几样剩下的东西烹制出一顿美味饭菜。◆He argued that wealth is produced by the labour power of the workers.他论证财富是工人的劳动创造出来的。 see also produce ⇨ manufacture ■ build (built, built) [transitive] to create sth, especially a way of life or an impression that you develop and improve over a period of time 创建，建立（生活方式或印象）◆She's built a new career for herself.她为自己创出了一番新的事业。◆This information will help us build a picture of his attacker.这条信息将帮助我们描画出袭击他的人的相貌。■ generate [transitive] to produce or create sth, especially power, money or ideas 创造（财富）；产生（电或主意）◆The wind turbines are used to generate electricity.风力涡轮机用来发电。◆The lottery is expected to generate substantial funds for charity.发行彩票有望为慈善机构筹集大量资金。◆Brainstorming is a good way of generating ideas.集思广益是产生点子的好办法。■ form [transitive, often passive] to make sth from sth else; to make sth into sth else 制作；组成；制成◆Rearrange the letters to form a new word.重新排列字母，组成另一单词。◆Do you know how to form the past tense?你知道怎样构成过去时吗？◆The chain is formed from 136 links.这根链条由136个链节组成。 see also form ⇨ shape verb manufacture verb ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ make 1 另见make条第1义manufacture ♦︎ produce ♦︎ turn sb/sth out ♦︎ churn sth out ♦︎ mass-produceThese words all mean to make sth, especially in large quantities for sale. 这些词均表示大量生产、批量制造。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a factory that manufactures / produces cars / mainframes / microchips◆to manufacture / produce / turn out / churn out 900 cars a week◆manufactured / mass-produced goods◆to produce / turn out / churn out books / articles■ manufacture [transitive] to make goods in large quantities, using machinery （用机器）大量生产，批量制造◆This company manufactures the equipment used to make contact lenses.这家公司生产用以制造隐形眼镜片的设备。ⓘ Manufacture is the most frequent verb that specifically means to make goods in large quantities, but the verb make, which has a much more general meaning, is also often used in this context. * manufacture是确切表示“大量生产、成批制造”的最常用的动词，但动词make亦常用于此种语境，且语义宽泛得多◆a factory that makes cars / mainframes / microchips汽车／主机／芯片制造厂 see also manufacturer ⇨ maker , manufacturing , manufacture ⇨ production ■ produce [transitive] to make things to be sold, especially in large quantities; to obtain and process raw materials for sale （大量）生产，制造，出产；获取并加工（原材料）◆a factory that produces microchips芯片制造厂◆the wine-producing regions of France法国的葡萄酒产区◆The country produces more than two million barrels of oil per day.该国日产石油200多万桶。 see also produce ⇨ make 1 , producer ⇨ maker , product ⇨ product , production ⇨ output , production ⇨ production NOTE 辨析 Manufacture or produce? Produce has a wider range of meanings than manufacture and can be used to talk about obtaining raw materials, growing things and writing things as well as making goods. Manufacture is more often used in business contexts and emphasizes the process of making goods, using machinery; produce places more emphasis on the result of that process, the finished product. * produce含义较manufacture宽泛，可指获取原材料、种植作物、写东西以及制造产品。manufacture多用于商业语境，强调用机器生产产品的过程；produce更强调这一过程的结果，即制成品。■ ˌturn sb/sth ˈout phrasal verb (rather informal) to produce goods, write books, prepare meals or train people, especially in large quantities （大量）生产（产品），写（书），烹制（饭菜），培训（人员）◆If we can turn out plenty of work between us, we should manage.如果我们齐心协力能完成大量工作，就应该勉力为之。◆We turned the kitchen into a production line, turning out hot meals for the servicemen.我们把厨房变成了一条生产线，为军人烹制热饭热菜。◆The school has turned out some first-rate students.这所学校已培养出一些一流的学生。■ ˌchurn sth ˈout phrasal verb (informal, disapproving) to produce sth quickly and in large quantities, especially things of low quality （粗制滥造地）大量生产，大量炮制◆She churns out novels at the rate of three a year.她以一年三部的速度大量炮制小说。◆the second-rate movies churned out by the studios制片厂粗制滥造的二流影片■ ˌmass-proˈduce [transitive, often passive] to produce goods in large quantities, using machinery （用机器）批量生产，大量生产◆Because the coins were mass-produced they can often be accurately dated.因为这些硬币是批量生产的，所以常可精确地确定其年代。▸ ˌmass-proˈduced adjective ◆He was wearing a cheap, mass-produced suit.他穿着一套廉价的量产西装。 play3 verb children playing 孩子们在玩耍play football/for England/against France 踢足球；代表英格兰参赛；跟法国队比赛play the piano/the role of Hamlet 弹钢琴；扮演哈姆雷特play ♦︎ perform ♦︎ stage ♦︎ do ♦︎ produce ♦︎ act ♦︎ put sth on ♦︎ presentThese words all mean to play a musical instrument, sing, act in a play, etc., especially to entertain an audience. 这些词均表示演奏、演唱或扮演。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to play / perform / do a piece◆to play / act a role / part◆to perform / stage / do / produce / act in / put on / present a play / show◆to perform / stage / do / act in / put on a production◆to stage / do / put on / present a / an performance / concert / exhibition◆a band / musician plays / performs / does sth◆a company stages / does / produces / puts on / presents a play / show◆to play / perform / stage / act / present sth well◆to play / perform / stage / present sth brilliantly◆to play / perform / act sth together◆to play / perform / do sth live / in public■ play [transitive, intransitive] to make music on a musical instrument; to take a part in a play or film 演奏（乐器）；（在戏剧或电影中）扮演◆I'm learning to play the piano.我正学弹钢琴。◆Play us that new piece.给我们演奏那首新曲子吧。◆In the distance a band was playing.远处有个乐队在演奏。◆The part of the Queen was played by Helen Mirren.女王这一角色由海伦•米伦扮演。◆He had always wanted to play Othello.他一直想扮演奥赛罗。■ perform [transitive, intransitive] to entertain an audience by playing a piece of music, acting in a play, etc. 演出；表演◆The play was first performed in 1987.该剧于1987年首演。◆I'd like to hear it performed live.我希望能听现场演出。◆I'm looking forward to seeing you perform.我期待着看你演出。 see also performance ⇨ performance , performer ⇨ actor ■ stage [transitive] (especially written) to organize a play or event for people to see 上演；举办；举行◆The local theatre group is staging a production of 'Hamlet'.当地剧团在上演《哈姆雷特》。◆They're staging an exhibition in the church hall.他们正在教堂大厅里办展览。◆Birmingham has bid to stage the next national athletics championships.伯明翰申办了下届全国田径锦标赛。 see also stage ⇨ drama ■ do (does, did, done) [transitive] (rather informal, especially spoken) to perform or organize a performance of a play, opera, concert, etc. 演出，编排（戏剧、歌剧、音乐会等）◆The local dramatic society is doing 'Hamlet' next month.当地剧社下月上演《哈姆雷特》。■ produce [transitive] to be in charge of preparing a play, film or television programme for the public to see 制作，拍摄（戏剧、电影或电视节目）◆She produced a TV series about adopted children.她拍摄了一部描写被收养儿童的电视系列片。 see also production ⇨ performance ■ act [intransitive, transitive] to perform a part in a play or film 扮演（戏剧或电影中的角色）◆Most of the cast act well.这出戏大多数演员演得不错。◆He just can't act (= acts very badly).他根本不会演戏。◆The play was well acted.这出戏演得不错。◆She is acting the role of Juliet.她在演朱丽叶这一角色。 see also acting ⇨ drama , actor ⇨ actor NOTE 辨析 Play or act?In this meaning, act can be used with an object ( act a part/role) as well as without ( He just can't act.); play can only be used with an object. It is more common to talk about a person playing rather than acting a role or part. People usually talk about acting a part when they are talking about sb pretending to be a particular type of person in everyday life. 表达此义时，act可以带宾语，如act a part/role，也可以不带，如He just can't act。play必须带宾语。表示扮演某个角色较常用play，而不用act。表示在日常生活中装成某类人时通常用act◆I found myself acting the part of the happy newly-married wife.我发现自己正假扮成一个幸福的新婚妻子。A play or film as a whole is acted, not played. 谈论戏剧或电影的整体表演，用act而不用play。◆The play/film was well played. see also act ⇨ pretend ■ ˌput sth ˈon phrasal verb (putting, put, put)to organize or produce a play or event for people to see 举办；上演；展出◆The local drama club is putting on 'Macbeth' at the Playhouse.当地的剧社正在剧场演出《麦克白》。■ present [transitive] (written) to organize or produce a play or event for people to see 举办；上演；展出◆Compass Theatre Company presents a new production of 'King Lear'.罗经剧团推出了全新制作的《李尔王》。◆We plan to present the film uncensored and without commercial breaks.我们计划推出这部影片的未经删剪版，且不插入任何广告。NOTE 辨析 Stage, put sth on or present?You can stage, put on or present a live performance, show, play, concert or exhibition. You can present a film or a programme that has been recorded, but you cannot stage or put on a film. Put on is used especially to talk about amateur (= not professional) performances. * stage、put on或present可以与现场演出如performance、show、play、concert搭配，或与exhibition搭配。present与film或录制好的节目搭配，但是stage或put on不能与film搭配。put on尤指业余演出。 present1 verb present a new product 推出新产品present sth as a victory 把某事描述成胜利present a report 提交报告present a TV show 主持电视节目present ♦︎ show ♦︎ display ♦︎ produce ♦︎ unveil ♦︎ launchThese words all mean to make sth available for other people to see. 这些词均表示推出、展出。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to present / show / display / unveil / launch a new product / model◆to present / show / display your wares◆to present / show / unveil plans◆to show / display a painting / your work / a collection / a trophy◆to present / show / display sth proudly■ present [transitive] to offer a new product or plan for other people to look at 推出（新产品）；展示（新方案）◆They are going to present the new model at the trade fair.他们将在商品交易会上推出这一新款。■ show (showed, shown) [intransitive, transitive] to be or make sth available for the public to see 展览；上映；演出◆The film is being shown now.该影片正在上映。◆She plans to show her paintings early next year.她计划明年年初展出自己的绘画作品。 see also show ⇨ exhibition noun , showing ⇨ programme ■ display [transitive] to put sth in a place where people can see it easily; to show sth to people 陈列；展示；展出◆The exhibition gives local artists an opportunity to display their work.这次展览给了地方艺术家展示他们作品的机会。◆She displayed her bruises for all to see.她把自己身上青一块紫一块的伤露出来给大家看。 see also display ⇨ exhibition noun , display ⇨ show verb 3 , put sth up ⇨ hang NOTE 辨析 Show or display? Show is the less formal and more general of these words. Artists themselves usually talk about showing their work. Display emphasizes that sth has been put where as many people as possible will see it, and usually also that it has been arranged in an attractive way. * show不如display正式，但含义较宽泛。艺术家通常用show表示展示自己的作品。display强调在尽可能多的人前展出，展品通常布置得很吸引人。■ produce [transitive] to show sth or make sth appear from somewhere 出示；展现；使出现◆He produced a letter from his pocket.他从口袋里掏出一封信来。◆At the meeting the finance director produced the figures for the previous year.会上财务总监展示了上一年的数字。■ unveil / /ˌʌnˈveɪl/ / [transitive] (journalism 新闻) to show or introduce a new product or plan to the public for the first time （首次）展示，介绍，推出（新产品或新计划）◆They will be unveiling their new models at the Motor Show.他们将在车展上首次推出他们的新车型。◆The government has unveiled plans for new energy legislation.政府已经出台了新能源法方案。■ launch / /lɔːntʃ/ / [transitive] to introduce or show a new book or product to the public for the first time 发行，推出（新书或新产品）◆The book was launched amid a fanfare of publicity.在隆重的广告宣传下这本书发行了。◆The new model will be launched in July.这一新款将于7月份推出。 see also launch ⇨ launch noun NOTE 辨析 Unveil or launch?You can unveil/launch a product/model, unveil plans or launch a book, but you cannot ◆launch plans or ◆unveil a book 可以说unveil/launch a product/model、unveil plans或launch a book。不说launch plans，也不说unveil a book。 product noun product ♦︎ goods ♦︎ commodity ♦︎ merchandise ♦︎ produceThese are all words for things that are produced to be sold. 这些词均表示商品、产品。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆consumer / industrial products / goods / commodities◆household products / goods◆farm products / produce◆perishable products / goods / commodities / produce◆durable products / goods◆luxury products / goods / commodities◆to sell / market a product / goods / a commodity / merchandise / produce◆to export a product / goods / a commodity / merchandise◆to buy / purchase a product / goods / a commodity / merchandise / produce■ product [countable, uncountable] a thing that is produced or grown, usually to be sold 产品；制品◆meat / pharmaceutical products肉制品；药品◆to create / develop / launch a new product创造／开发／推出新产品◆ (business 商业) We need new product to sell (= a range of new products).我们需要新产品供销售。 see also produce ⇨ manufacture ■ goods [plural] things that are produced to be sold 商品；货品◆cotton / leather / paper goods棉织／皮革／纸质商品◆electrical / sports goods电器商品；体育用品◆factories which produce luxury goods for the export market为出口市场生产奢侈品的工厂◆consumer goods (= goods such as food and clothing that are bought by individual customers) 消费品◆increased tax on goods and services增加了的商品和服务税■ commodity /kəˈmɒdəti; NAmE kəˈmˈmɑːdəti/ [countable] (economics 经济学) a product or raw material that can be bought and sold, especially between countries （尤指国家间买卖的）商品，原材料◆rice, flour and other basic commodities稻米、面粉和其他基本商品◆Crude oil is the world's most important commodity.原油是世界上最重要的商品。■ merchandise /ˈmɜːtʃəndaɪs, ˈmɜːtʃəndaɪz; NAmE ˈmɜːrtʃəndaɪs/ [uncountable] goods that are bought or sold; things that you can buy that are connected with or advertise a particular event or organization 商品；货品；指定商品◆These tokens can be exchanged for merchandise in any of our stores.这些现金券可以兑换我们所有商店里的货品。◆official Olympic merchandise奥运官方指定商品NOTE 辨析 Goods or merchandise?Use goods if the emphasis is on what the product is made of or what it is for. 强调产品的材料或用途时用goods◆leather / household goods皮革／家用商品Use merchandise if the emphasis is less on the product itself but on its brand or the fact of buying/selling it. 不太强调产品本身，而强调商品的品牌或商品的买卖时用merchandise。 ■ produce /ˈprɒdjuːs; NAmE ˈprɑːduːs, ˈproʊduːs/ [uncountable] things that have been grown or made, especially things connected with farming 产品；（尤指）农产品◆We sell only fresh local produce.我们仅出售新鲜的当地农产品。◆It says on the label 'Produce of France'.标签上写着“法国农产品”。 |