| 例句 |
free adj.
⇨ free 1 (a free man) ⇨ free 2 (free tickets) ⇨ free 3 (Are you free for lunch?) ⇨ empty (Is this seat free?) ⇨ generous (free with your advice) ⇨ free of charge ⇨ free adj. 2 ⇨ set sb/sth free ⇨ release verbfree verb
⇨ free 1 (free the passengers from the wreckage) ⇨ free 2 (free the body of tension) ⇨ release (free prisoners/slaves)free1 adjective a free man 自由人free tickets 免费票Are you free for lunch? 你有空吃午饭吗？free ♦︎ loose ♦︎ at largeThese words all describe a person or an animal that is able to move around without control. 这些词均表示人或动物不受拘束的、自由活动的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to set sb / sth free / loose◆to break / get / run free / loose◆to remain free / loose / at large■ free (of a person) not a prisoner or slave; (of an animal) not tied up or in a cage （人）自由的（不是囚犯或奴隶）；（动物）未拴住的，没关在笼中的◆He walked out of jail a free man.他获释出狱，成为自由人。◆The protesters set the animals free.抗议者把动物放了。◆He subdues one of the wild horses and then allows it to go free.他制伏了一匹野马，然后又放了它。 see also free ⇨ release verb ▸ freedom noun [uncountable] ◆He finally won his freedom after twenty years in jail.他坐了二十年牢后终于获得了自由。■ loose [not usually before noun] free to move around without control; not tied up or shut in somewhere 不受拘束；不被拴住（或关起来）；自由◆The sheep had got out and were loose on the road.那些羊跑出来在路上自由自在地走动。◆The horse had broken loose (= escaped) from its tether.那匹马挣脱缰绳跑了。◆During the night, somebody had cut the boat loose from its moorings.有人在夜间砍断了泊船的缆绳。 see also let sb/sth loose ⇨ release verb ■ at ˈlarge idiom (of a dangerous person or animal) not captured; free （危险的人或动物）未被捕获的，自由的◆Her killer is still at large.杀害她的凶手仍然逍遥法外。 free2 adjective a free man 自由人free tickets 免费票Are you free for lunch? 你有空吃午饭吗？free ♦︎ free of charge ♦︎ complimentary ♦︎ for nothing ♦︎ on the houseThese words all describe sth that is given or obtained without payment. 这些词均表示免费的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a free / complimentary ticket / sample / copy / subscription◆to get sth free / free of charge / for nothing■ free costing nothing 免费的◆Admission is free.免费入场。◆We're offering a fabulous free gift with each copy you buy.每购买一册就可以获赠一份精美礼品。◆There's a new website that offers free legal advice to homeowners.有一家新网站为房主提供免费的法律咨询。◆You can't expect people to work for free (= without payment).你不能指望人工作不要报酬。■ ˌfree of ˈcharge phrase (especially in business) given or obtained without payment, especially when payment would normally be expected （尤指商业活动中本应收费而）免费的◆Delivery is free of charge.免费送货。■ complimentary /ˌkɒmplɪˈmentri; NAmE ˌkɑːmplɪˈmentri/ (rather formal) (especially in business) given free, especially as part of selling other goods or services （尤指商业活动中为促销其他货物或服务）赠送的，免费提供的◆The hotel offers a complimentary breakfast and evening cocktails.这家旅馆提供免费的早餐和傍晚冷盘。■ for ˈnothing idiom (informal) given or obtained without the need for payment, work or effort 不花钱；免费；白白地◆We could have got in for nothing－nobody was collecting tickets.我们本来可以不花钱就进来的，当时根本没有人检票。◆Don't expect somebody to give you a big salary for nothing!别指望有人白白地付给你一大笔薪水！■ on the ˈhouse idiom (rather informal) (especially drinks or food) given free by a business, especially a bar or restaurant （尤指酒吧或饭店的酒水或食物）免费提供的◆Have a drink on the house.来一杯免费饮料吧。 free3 adjective a free man 自由人free tickets 免费票Are you free for lunch? 你有空吃午饭吗？free ♦︎ available ♦︎ spareThese words all describe people not having particular plans or arrangements or not being busy. 这些词均表示没有安排活动的、空闲的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆free / available for sth◆free / available to do sth◆free / available / spare time◆a free / spare afternoon / morning / weekend / moment■ free (of a person or time) without particular plans or arrangements; not busy （人或时间）没有安排活动的，空闲的◆If Sarah is free for lunch I'll take her out.要是萨拉有空吃午饭，我就带她出去吃。◆Keep Friday night free for my party.把星期五晚上空出来，参加我的聚会。 see also free time ⇨ leisure ■ available (rather formal) (of a person) free to see or talk to people （人）有空的◆The director was not available for comment.经理没有时间发表意见。■ spare (of time) available to do what you want with rather than work （时间）空闲的，空余的◆I haven't had a spare moment this morning.我今天上午一刻也没闲着。 see also spare time ⇨ leisure empty adjective empty ♦︎ vacant ♦︎ bare ♦︎ freeThese words all describe sth with no people or things inside. 这些词均表示空的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆empty / bare / free of sth◆an empty / a vacant / a bare room◆an empty / a vacant / a free seat◆an empty / a vacant house◆an empty / a bare cupboard■ empty not containing any things or people 空的◆an empty box / glass空盒子；空杯子◆an empty house / room / bus空着的房子／房间／公共汽车◆The theatre was half empty.剧场只坐了一半观众。◆empty hands (= not holding anything) 空手◆an empty plate (= with no food on it) 空盘子◆The house had been standing empty (= without people living in it) for some time.这房子已经有一段时间没人住了。◆It's not good to drink alcohol on an empty stomach (= without having eaten sth).空腹饮酒不好。◆ (formal) The room was empty of furniture.房间里什么家具都没有。OPP full ⇨ full see also empty ⇨ clear verb , empty ⇨ drain verb ■ vacant / /ˈveɪkənt/ / (rather formal) (of a seat, a hotel room, a house or land) empty and not being used （座位、旅馆房间、房屋或土地）空着的，未被占用的◆There are very few vacant properties available in the area.这个地区很少有闲置的房产。◆The seat next to him was vacant.他旁边的座位空着。◆ (especially NAmE) a vacant lot (= a piece of land in a city that is not being used) 一块闲置的土地◆There is a room vacant, as it happens.正好，有一个空房间。 see also unoccupied ⇨ deserted ■ bare (especially of a room or cupboard) empty and lacking its usual contents （尤指房间或橱柜）空的◆At many stores bare shelves greeted shoppers.在许多商店，顾客进去看到的是空荡荡的货架。◆The room was bare of furniture.房间里什么家具都没有。■ free (especially of sth that you need to use) empty and ready to be used （尤指要用的东西）空着的，可使用的◆Is this seat free?这个座位空着吗？◆The device allows you to talk on the phone with both hands free.此装置能让你在讲电话时腾出双手做其他事。 generous adjective generous ♦︎ liberal ♦︎ free with sthThese words all describe sb being willing to give freely, or sth that is given freely or in large amounts. 这些词均表示人慷慨的、大方的或东西充足的、丰富的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to be generous / liberal / free with sth◆a generous / liberal amount of sth◆liberal / free with your advice / criticism■ generous (approving) (of a person) giving or willing to give freely; (of a gift) given freely or in large amounts; (of an amount of sth) more than is necessary （人）慷慨的；（礼物）丰厚的；（某物的数量）充足的，丰富的◆He's a kind and generous man.他是个仁慈大方的人。◆They were very generous with their time.他们毫不吝惜时间。◆It was very generous of her to offer to pay.她主动付账，真是大方。◆That's a very generous offer.那是一个很慷慨的提议。◆He took a generous helping of pasta.他取了一大份意大利面。OPP mean ⇨ mean adj. 2 ▸ generosity / /ˌdʒenəˈrɒsəti; NAmE ˌdʒenəˈrɑːsəti/ noun [uncountable, singular] ◆He treated them with great generosity.他对待他们慷慨大方。▸ generously adverb ◆Please give generously.请慷慨施与。■ liberal /ˈlɪbərəl/ / (rather formal, written, sometimes disapproving) generous; given in large amounts 慷慨的；大方的；大量给予的◆She is very liberal with her money.她用钱很大方。◆I think Sam is too liberal with his criticism (= he criticizes people too much).我认为萨姆太爱批评人了。◆We ate cake with liberal amounts of whipped cream.我们吃蛋糕时抹了很多搅打过的奶油。NOTE 辨析 Generous or liberal?In this meaning liberal is only used in the patterns liberal with sth or liberal amounts of sth. People can be liberal with their money, cash, criticism or advice, often in a way that other people do not approve of. People are more likely to be generous with their time or help, and this is sth that other people do approve of. If sb is generous with their money, you can just say that they are generous (without stating 'with their money'). 表达此义时，liberal仅用于liberal with sth或liberal amounts of sth句式。liberal可与money、cash、criticism或advice搭配，常带贬义。generous较常与time或help搭配，常表示褒义。形容人在金钱方面慷慨大方，可以只说be generous（后面不接with their money）。■ ˈfree with sth phrase (written, often disapproving) ready to give sth, especially when it is not wanted （尤指别人不想要时）随便给出的◆He's too free with his opinions.他太爱随便发表意见了。 release verb release ♦︎ let sb go ♦︎ free ♦︎ liberate ♦︎ set sb/sth free ♦︎ ransom ♦︎ emancipate ♦︎ let sb/sth looseThese words all mean to let sb/sth leave a place where they have been kept or trapped. 这些词均表示释放、放出、放走。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to release / free / liberate / set free / emancipate sb from sth◆to release / let go / free / liberate / set free / ransom a prisoner / hostage◆to finally release sb / let sb go / free sb / liberate sb◆to release / free sb on bail◆to release / free an animal / a bird into the wild■ release [transitive] to let sb/sth leave prison or a place where they have been kept （从监狱或某处）释放，放出，放走◆The kidnappers have agreed to release the hostages by 12 noon.绑架者已同意中午12时释放人质。◆He was released without charge (= not charged with committing a crime) after questioning by police.他经警方审问后被免予起诉并释放了。◆She was released on bail (= after paying a sum of money to make sure she would return) by the New York police.她保释后让纽约警察当局释放了。◆The birds were cleaned and fed and released again into the wild.那些鸟儿经清洗并喂食后给放回到野外。 see also release ⇨ free verb 1 ▸ release noun [uncountable, singular] ◆The government has been working to secure the release of the hostages.政府一直在努力争取，确保人质获释。◆She can expect an early release from prison.她有望早一点出狱。■ ˌlet sb ˈgo idiom (letting, let, let) (rather informal) to allow sb to be free after keeping them somewhere by force for a short time （用武力短时间将某人关在某处后）放，释放◆He was beaten up quite badly before they let him go.他们狠狠打了他一顿，放他走了。◆Let me go! You're hurting me!让我走！你弄疼我了！ⓘ Let sb go is not usually used to talk about releasing ordinary criminals from prison, but it is used about hostages who have been taken prisoner illegally. * let sb go一般不指从监狱释放普通罪犯，而指释放被非法囚禁的人质。 see also let go ⇨ free verb 1 ■ free [transitive] to let sb leave prison or a place where they have been kept by force; to let sb stop being a slave (= a person who is legally owned by another person and is forced to work for them) （从监狱或某处）释放；使自由（不再为奴）◆Over 2 000 political prisoners were freed as a gesture of good will.作为善意的姿态，2 000多名政治犯被释放了。◆The starting point for emancipation was the freeing of children of slaves born after a certain date.某一具体日期后出生的奴隶子女不再为奴，这是解放奴隶的第一步。 see also free ⇨ free adj. 1 , free ⇨ free verb 1 ■ liberate / /ˈlɪbəreɪt/ / [transitive] (rather formal) to free a country or person from the control of sb else 解放◆The city was liberated by the advancing army.军队向前挺进，解放了那座城市。▸ liberation noun [uncountable, singular] ◆He took part in the liberation of the occupied countries.他参加了对被占领国家的解放。■ ˌset sb/sth ˈfree phrase (setting, set, set)to let sb leave prison or a place where they have been kept by force; to let an animal or bird go free after it has been tied up or kept in a cage （从监狱或某处）释放；放生（动物或鸟）◆Police were forced to set him free because of a lack of evidence.因为缺乏证据，警方被迫将他释放。◆Dozens of laboratory animals were set free by animal rights activists.大批用作实验的动物被动物权益保护者放生了。NOTE 辨析 Release, free or set free? Free emphasizes the decision to let sb go; release emphasizes the physical act of letting sb go. A court or the government might free the prisoners; the police or prison service would release them. Set free also emphasizes the physical act of letting sb/sth go, especially in cases where this is done by force, not authority. * free强调释放的决定，release强调释放的实际行动。法院或政府决定释放囚犯用free，警察或监狱释放囚犯用release。set free也强调释放的实际行动，尤其是通过武力达成，而不是由当局批准的释放◆Rioters stormed the prison and set all the prisoners free.暴徒冲进监狱，放走了所有犯人。 ■ ransom / /ˈrænsəm/ / [transitive] to pay money to sb so that they will release the person that they are keeping as a prisoner 为⋯交付赎金◆The hostages were ransomed and returned home unharmed.交付赎金后，人质安然无恙地回到家中。▸ ransom noun [countable, uncountable] ◆The kidnappers demanded a ransom of £50 000 from his family.绑架者向他的家人索要赎金5万英镑。◆They are refusing to pay ransom for her release.他们拒绝支付赎金解救她。■ emancipate / /ɪˈmænsɪpeɪt/ / [transitive, often passive] to free sb, especially from legal, political or social restrictions 解放；使不受（法律、政治或社会的）束缚◆Slaves were not emancipated until 1863 in the United States.美国奴隶直到1863年才获得自由。▸ emancipation noun [uncountable] ◆the struggle for the emancipation of women解放妇女的斗争■ let sb/sth ˈloose idiom (letting, let, let)to let sb/sth go free, especially sb/sth that might be dangerous or cause problems 让⋯自由；释放；放走（尤指可能会产生危险或导致问题的人或事物）◆Who let the dogs loose?谁把狗放出来了？◆How did such a violent criminal get to be let loose in the community?这样的暴力罪犯怎能放回社会？ see also loose ⇨ free adj. 1 free1 verb free the passengers from the wreckage 把乘客从残骸中救出free the body of tension 使紧张的身体放松free ♦︎ let (sb/sth) go ♦︎ cut ♦︎ release ♦︎ disengage ♦︎ disentangleThese words all mean to stop holding sb/sth or to move them out of a place or position in which they have been trapped or held. 这些词均表示使不再受困、使摆脱。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to free / cut / release / disengage / disentangle sb / sth from sth◆to free / release / disengage / disentangle yourself from sth◆to free / release a passenger◆to free / let go of / release / disengage / disentangle your / sb's arm / hand◆to let go of / release a strap■ free [transitive] to manage to move sb/sth that is trapped or fixed somewhere 释放；使摆脱◆Three people were freed from the wreckage.有三人从残骸中被救出。◆He managed to free his arms from their bonds.他设法将双臂从捆绑中挣脱出来。◆A good kick finally freed the door.使劲一踢，门终于开了。◆ (figurative) Counselling may help you to free yourself from the past.接受心理辅导也许会帮助你走出过去的阴影。 see also free ⇨ release verb ■ ˌlet ˈgo■ ˌlet sb/sth ˈgo idiom (letting, let, let) (often used in orders 常用于命令) (especially spoken) to stop holding sb/sth and allow them to fall or move freely 放开；松手◆Don't let go of the rope.别松开绳子。◆Let go! You're hurting me!放手！你弄疼我了！◆Let me go!放开我！ see also let sb go ⇨ release verb ■ cut (cutting, cut, cut) [transitive] to free sb from somewhere by cutting the rope, object, etc. that is holding them （割断绳子、物品等）让（某人）挣脱束缚，释放◆The injured driver had to be cut from the wreckage.受伤的司机得靠切开汽车残骸才获救。◆Two survivors were cut free after being trapped for twenty minutes.两名幸存者受困二十分钟后被解救出来。■ release [transitive] (rather formal) to manage to move sb/sth that is trapped somewhere; to stop holding sth or stop it from being held so that it can move, fly or fall freely 释放；放开；松开；使自由移动（或飞翔、降落）◆Firefighters took two hours to release the driver from the wreckage.消防队员花了两个小时才将司机从汽车残骸中救出来。◆He refused to release her arm.他不肯放开她的胳膊。◆10 000 balloons were released at the ceremony.典礼上放飞了1万个气球。◆ (figurative) Death released him from his suffering.死亡使他从痛苦中解脱了。 see also release ⇨ release verb ■ disengage / /ˌdɪsɪnˈgeɪdʒ/ / [transitive, intransitive] (formal) to free sb/sth from the person or thing that is holding them/it; to become free 使脱离；松开；解脱◆She gently disengaged herself from her sleeping son.她轻轻地放下怀中熟睡的儿子。◆We saw the booster rockets disengage and fall into the sea.我们看到火箭助推器脱落后坠入大海。◆ (figurative) They wished to disengage themselves from these policies.他们希望摆脱这些政策的束缚。ⓘ People often disengage themselves gently from a situation, without a lot of noise or activity. * disengage常与gently搭配，指人轻柔地从某境况中脱身，没有太大的声音或动作。■ disentangle / /ˌdɪsɪnˈtæŋgl/ / [transitive] to free sb/sth from sth that has become wrapped or twisted around them 使解开，使摆脱（包覆或缠绕）◆He tried to disentangle his fingers from her hair.他竭力将手指从她缠绕的头发中挣脱出来。 free2 verb free the passengers from the wreckage 把乘客从残骸中救出free the body of tension 使紧张的身体放松free ♦︎ rid ♦︎ purgeThese words all mean to remove sb/sth that is unpleasant, annoying or causing a problem. 这些词均表示解除、去除、清除。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to free / rid / purge sb / sth / yourself of sb / sth◆to free / purge sb / sth from sb / sth◆to free / rid / purge yourself of sb / sth◆to free / rid / purge sb of sin◆to free / rid yourself of a burden◆to rid / purge yourself of guilt■ free [transitive] (always used with of or from 总是与of或from连用) to remove sth that is unpleasant or not wanted from sb/sth 解除；去除；清除◆These exercises help free the body of tension.这些锻炼可使紧张的身体放松。◆We aim to free young people from dependency on drugs.我们务求使年轻人解除对毒品的依赖。ⓘ You can free A of/from B: they both mean to remove B from A. Compare purge, below. * free A of B和free A from B都表示从A中去除B。比较下面的purge条。▸ free from/of sth adjective ◆free from difficulty / doubt / fear没有困难；不怀疑；不害怕◆free from artificial colours and flavourings不含人工色素和人工调味料◆It was several weeks before he was completely free of pain.过了几个星期他的疼痛才完全消除。▸ freedom noun [uncountable] ◆freedom from fear / hunger / pain免于恐惧／饥饿／痛苦■ rid (ridding, rid, rid) [transitive] (always used with of 总是与of连用) (formal) to free sb/sth from sth 解除；去除；清除◆Further measures will be taken to rid our streets of crime.将采取进一步的措施来扑灭街头犯罪。◆He wanted to rid himself of the burden of the secret.他想把秘密说出来，让自己得到解脱。NOTE 辨析 Free or rid? Free emphasizes the good feeling which follows when you remove sth unpleasant. Rid emphasizes how bad or unpleasant that thing was. * free强调去除令人不快的事物后的好心情，rid强调该事物是多么糟糕或令人不快。■ purge [transitive] (usually used with of or from 通常与of或from连用) (rather formal) to remove people from an organization, often violently, because their opinions or activities are unacceptable to the people in power; to make yourself/sb/sth pure, healthy or clean by getting rid of bad thoughts or feelings 清除，清洗（组织中的异己分子）；净化（心灵、风气等）；涤荡（污秽）◆He purged the party of extremists.他清除了党内的极端分子。◆He purged extremists from the party.他把极端分子清除出党。◆We need to purge our sport of racism.我们必须消除体育界的种族主义。◆Nothing could purge the guilt from her mind.她内心的愧疚是无法消除的。ⓘ To purge A of B means to remove B from A. If you use from it is the other way round: to purge B from A means to remove B from A. Compare free, above. * purge A of B表示从A中去除B；purge A from B的意思恰好相反，表示从B中去除A。比较上面的free条。 |