| 例句 |
sentence verb
⇨ punishsentence noun
⇨ punishment punish verb punish ♦︎ sentence ♦︎ penalize ♦︎ discipline ♦︎ come down on sbThese words all mean to make sb suffer because they have broken a rule or law or done sth wrong. 这些词均表示惩罚、处罚。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to punish / sentence / penalize / discipline / come down on sb for doing sth◆to punish / penalize / discipline sb by sth◆to punish / sentence / penalize / come down on an offender◆to punish / discipline a child◆to punish / penalize (bad, unacceptable, etc.) behaviour◆to punish / penalize / come down on sb heavily◆to punish / penalize sb unfairly■ punish [transitive] to make sb suffer because they have broken a rule or law, or done sth wrong; to set the punishment for a particular crime 惩罚；处罚；判定⋯的处罚方式◆He was punished for refusing to answer their questions.他拒不回答他们的问题，受到了惩罚。◆My parents used to punish me by not letting me watch TV.过去我父母常以不让我看电视来处罚我。◆In those days murder was always punished with the death penalty.那个时候，谋杀罪总是判死刑。■ sentence [transitive, often passive] to say officially in court that sb is to receive a particular punishment 判决；宣判；判刑◆to be sentenced to death / life imprisonment / three years in prison被判死刑／终生监禁／三年徒刑■ penalize (BrE also penalise) / /ˈpiːnəlaɪz/ / [transitive, often passive] to punish sb for breaking a rule or law by making them suffer a disadvantage, such as paying a fine or losing marks in an exam; to punish sb for breaking a rule in a sport or game by giving an advantage to their opponent 处罚，惩罚（如罚款、考试扣分）；（体育运动中）判罚◆You will be penalized for poor spelling.拼写不好将被扣分。◆The goalkeeper was penalized for time-wasting.守门员因拖延时间而受罚。ⓘ If sb is unfairly penalized, they suffer a disadvantage because of sth they cannot control. The word penalize is often used to describe an unfair disadvantage. * be unfairly penalized指因某些事情不可掌控而处于不利。penalize一词常用于描述因不公而使处于劣势◆Will he be penalized for absence due to ill health?他因身体欠佳缺席会受罚吗？ ■ discipline / /ˈdɪsəplɪn/ / [transitive] (rather formal) to punish sb for sth they have done 惩罚；处罚◆The officers were disciplined for using racist language.这些警察因使用带有种族歧视的语言受到处罚。ⓘ A person can be disciplined by sb who has authority over them, for example, a child by a parent or teacher, a worker by an employer, or a soldier by an officer. * be disciplined可指受到上级或长辈的处罚，如孩子被家长或教师处罚、工人被雇主处罚，或士兵被军官处罚等。 see also discipline ⇨ control noun ■ ˌcome ˈdown on sb phrasal verb (came, come) [no passive] (informal) to punish sb or severely criticize them for sth they have done wrong 斥责；训斥；惩罚◆Don't come down too hard on her.责备她不要太严厉。◆The courts are coming down heavily on young offenders.法庭对年轻罪犯实行严惩。 punishment noun punishment ♦︎ sentence ♦︎ penalty ♦︎ retribution ♦︎ reckoningThese are all words for a way of making sb suffer because they have done sth wrong or illegal. 这些词均表示惩罚、刑罚。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆punishment / a sentence / a penalty / retribution for sth◆a / an heavy / harsh / severe / appropriate punishment / sentence / penalty◆a light punishment / sentence◆to impose a punishment / sentence / penalty◆to suffer a punishment / penalty■ punishment [uncountable, countable] an act or way of making sb suffer because they have done sth wrong or illegal 惩罚；处罚；刑罚◆The punishment should fit the crime.罚须当罪。◆He was sent to his room as a punishment.他被罚回到自己的房间。◆There is little evidence that harsher punishments deter people.甚少证据显示严惩能遏止犯罪。OPP reward ⇨ award ■ sentence [countable, uncountable] the punishment given by a court 判决；裁定；判刑◆a jail / prison sentence判处监禁◆She was given a life sentence (= sent to prison for life).她被判处无期徒刑。◆a death sentence死刑◆to be under sentence of death被判处死刑◆The judge passed sentence (= said what the punishment would be).法官宣布了判决。◆The prisoner has served (= completed) his sentence and will be released tomorrow.犯人服刑期满，明天将获释。■ penalty / /ˈpenəlti/ / [countable] (rather formal) an official punishment given to sb because they have broken a law, rule or contract 惩罚；处罚；刑罚◆Assault carries a maximum penalty of seven years' imprisonment.侵犯人身罪可判处最高七年的监禁。◆Contractors who fall behind schedule incur heavy financial penalties.承包商如延误工期将招致巨额罚款。◆You can withdraw money from the account at any time without penalty.您可以随时从账户中提款，不收罚金。OPP reward ⇨ award ■ retribution / /ˌretrɪˈbjuːʃn/ / [uncountable] (formal) severe punishment for sth seriously wrong that sb has done 严惩；惩罚；报应◆He saw his suffering as retribution for the sins of his past life.他把自己受的苦看作是报应，是因过去罪孽深重而受到惩罚。◆The public demanded swift justice and retribution.公众要求立即审判并处以严惩。ⓘ Retribution includes the idea that punishment should mean that sb suffers in return for the suffering they have caused. People talk about retribution as part of a formal or legal system, or as carried out by groups or individuals, or (in the phrase divine retribution) by God. * retribution含有“报应”之义。retribution可以是正式或法律体系的一部分，也可以是由团体或个人实施的惩罚，还可以是divine retribution（天谴）。 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ revenge 另见revenge条■ reckoning [countable, usually singular, uncountable] (written) a time when sb's actions will be judged to be right or wrong and they may be punished 最后审判日；算总账◆In the final reckoning truth is rewarded.在最后算总账的时候，诚实的人会有好报。◆Officials concerned with environmental policy predict that a day of reckoning will come.关心环境政策的官员们预言总有一天人们会得到报应。 |