| 例句 |
shrink verb
⇨ shrink (a market/sweater shrinks) ⇨ jump 3 (shrink back in terror) shrink verb shrink ♦︎ narrow ♦︎ contract ♦︎ shortenThese words all mean to become smaller or to be narrower at one end. 这些词均表示缩小、变短。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to shrink / narrow / contract / shorten (sth) to a particular size◆to shrink / narrow / contract / shorten (sth) by a particular amount◆a market / the economy shrinks / contracts◆shrink / narrow / contract (sth) slightly◆to shrink / narrow / shorten (sth) considerably◆to narrow / contract sharply■ shrink (shrank, shrunk or shrunk, shrunk) [intransitive, transitive] to become or make sth smaller in size or amount 缩小；收缩；减少◆The tumour had shrunk to the size of a pea.那肿瘤已收缩到豌豆大小。◆The market for their products is shrinking.市场对他们产品的需求在减少。◆Households have been shrinking in size but increasing in number.家庭的规模在缩小，可家庭的数量在增加。◆In some ways, the Internet has shrunk the world.从某种意义上说，互联网把世界给缩小了。ⓘ Shrink is the word to use when clothes or fabrics become smaller when they are washed in water that is too hot. 指衣服或布料洗涤时缩水用shrink◆My sweater shrank in the wash.我的毛衣洗涤时缩水了。 OPP grow ⇨ rise ▸ shrinkage / /ˈʃrɪŋkɪdʒ/ / noun [uncountable] ◆the shrinkage of heavy industry重工业的萎缩◆She bought a slightly larger size to allow for shrinkage.她买了一件尺码稍大的，以防缩水。■ narrow [intransitive, transitive] to become or make sth narrower 变窄；缩小；使变窄◆This is where the road narrows.这条路就是在这里变窄的。◆Her eyes narrowed (= almost closed) to slits.她的眼睛瞇成了两道缝。◆The gap between the two teams has narrowed to three points.两队之间的差距缩小到了三分。◆We need to narrow the health divide between rich and poor.我们需要缩小富人和穷人之间健康状况的差异。OPP widen , broaden ⇨ expand 1 see also narrow ⇨ narrow adj. ■ contract / /kənˈtrækt/ / [intransitive, transitive] (rather formal) to become or make sth smaller in size or amount 收缩；缩小；减少◆Glass contracts as it cools.玻璃遇冷会收缩。◆The electrical market is forecast to contract by 2% this year.预计今年的电器市场将萎缩2%。◆The heart muscles contract to expel the blood.心肌收缩以挤压出血液。◆'I will' and 'I shall' are usually contracted to 'I'll'(= made shorter).I will和I shall通常缩写为I'll。OPP expand ⇨ expand 1 ▸ contraction noun [uncountable] ◆the expansion and contraction of the metal金属的膨胀与收缩◆The sudden contraction of the markets left them with a lot of unwanted stock.市场的骤然收缩使他们剩下许多存货卖不出去。NOTE 辨析 Shrink or contract?Clothes and fabric shrink; other materials, such as glass and metal contract, especially as they become cooler. A market or the economy can shrink or contract, but contract is more formal. Muscles contract, and words can be contracted to their shorter forms. Most other things shrink. The opposite of shrink is grow; the opposite of contract is expand. 服装和布料缩水用shrink，其他材料（如玻璃和金属）因冷却而收缩用contract。主语是market或economy时用shrink或contract均可，但contract更正式些。肌肉收缩用contract，词语采用缩略式用be contracted to。大多数其他东西收缩用shrink。shrink的反义词是grow，contract的反义词是expand。■ shorten [transitive, intransitive] to make sth shorter; to become shorter 缩短；变短◆Injury problems could shorten his career.伤病可能会缩短他的职业生涯。◆They performed a shortened version of the play in just 40 minutes.他们上演了该剧的缩略版本，仅40分钟。◆Katherine generally shortens her name to Kay.凯瑟琳通常把自己的名字简称为凯。◆In November the temperature drops and the days shorten.11月气温下降，白天变短。OPP lengthen ⇨ expand 1 see also short ⇨ short 1 3 jump3 verb jump over the wall 跃过那堵墙jump to your feet 一下子站起来The loud bang made me jump. 那砰的一声巨响吓了我一跳。soarPrices jumped by 60%.jump ♦︎ flinch ♦︎ cower ♦︎ cringe ♦︎ recoil ♦︎ shrinkThese words all mean to make a sudden movement or move back because you are surprised or afraid. 这些词均表示因受惊而猛地一动或后退。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to jump / flinch / cringe / recoil at sth◆to flinch / recoil / shrink from sth◆to flinch / cower / cringe / recoil in fear◆to make sb jump / flinch / cower / cringe / recoil■ jump [intransitive] to make a sudden movement because of surprise, fear or excitement （因吃惊、害怕或激动）猛地一动，突然一跳◆A loud bang made me jump.砰的一声巨响吓了我一跳。◆She nearly jumped out of her skin when she saw me.她见到我时大吃一惊。■ flinch [intransitive] to make a sudden movement with your face or body because of pain, fear or surprise （因疼痛、害怕或吃惊而突然）抽搐，退缩，畏缩◆She flinched away from the dog.她惊恐地躲开了那只狗。◆He met my gaze without flinching.他跟我对视，毫不畏缩。NOTE 辨析 Jump or flinch?You jump with your whole body, especially because you are surprised. Flinching may be a smaller movement of the face or part of the body, caused by pain or fear. * jump尤指因吃惊而全身猛地一动，flinch则指因疼痛或害怕而面部抽动或身体某个部位稍微动一下。■ cower / /ˈkaʊə(r)/ / [intransitive] to bend low and/or backwards because you are frightened （因恐惧）蜷缩，畏缩，退缩◆A gun went off and people cowered behind walls and under tables.一声枪响，人们吓得蹲缩到墙后或桌子底下。■ cringe / /krɪndʒ/ / [intransitive] to move back and/or away from sb because you are frightened 畏缩；怯退◆She cringed back from him, pressing herself against the stove.她从他面前怯退，身体紧贴到了炉子上。ⓘ Cringing can also be an inner feeling of embarrassment or fear. * cringe也可指内心感到尴尬或恐惧◆The very idea made him cringe inside.这个念头使他心里直发毛。 ■ recoil / /rɪˈkɔɪl/ / (written) to move your body quickly away from sb/sth because you find them/it frightening or unpleasant （因恐惧或厌恶）退缩，闪避◆He recoiled in horror at the sight of the corpse.他一见到尸体就吓跑了。■ shrink (shrank, shrunk or shrunk, shrunk) (written) to move back or away from sb/sth because you are frightened or shocked （因恐惧或惊愕）退缩，闪避◆He shrank back against the wall as he heard them approaching.听见他们走过来，他退缩到墙根底下。NOTE 辨析 Cower, cringe or shrink?You cringe when you are afraid of a person, especially one who has power over you. You may cower or shrink when you are afraid of sth happening. * cringe指因惧怕某人而退缩，尤其是对自己有控制权的人；cower或shrink则指因害怕所发生的事情而退缩。 |