| 例句 |
temper noun
⇨ temper (have a short temper) ⇨ lose your temper ⇨ lose your tempertemper verb
⇨ moderatetemper noun temper ♦︎ tantrum ♦︎ rage ♦︎ mood ♦︎ sulk ♦︎ huffThese are all words for a short period of angry behaviour or of feeling angry. 这些词均表示发脾气、怒气、不悦。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达发脾气的程度| mood | ➔ | temper | ➔ | rage | | sulk | | tantrum | | | | huff | | | | |
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to be in a temper / rage / huff at / about / over sth◆in a temper / rage / mood / sulk / huff◆a violent temper / tantrum / rage◆to have a temper / a tantrum / the sulks◆to get in a temper / rage / huff◆to fly into a temper / rage■ temper [countable, usually singular, uncountable] if sb has a temper, they get angry easily 脾气；易怒的性情◆He has a short / quick temper (= gets angry very easily).他是个急性子。◆You must learn to control your temper.你得学会捺住性子。◆After an hour of waiting tempers began to fray (= people began to get angry).等了一个小时后，大伙开始冒火了。◆She broke the plates in a fit of temper.她一气之下把盘子都摔碎了。ⓘ A temper is also a short period of feeling very angry. * temper亦指一阵暴怒、怒气◆She says awful things when she's in a temper.她一发脾气说话就很难听。 see also lose your temper ⇨ lose your temper ■ tantrum / /ˈtæntrəm/ / [countable] a sudden short period of angry, unreasonable behaviour, especially in a child （尤指儿童）耍脾气，使性子◆They claimed she threw tantrums and was difficult to work with.他们说她爱使性子，很难一起工作。◆Young children often have temper tantrums.小孩子经常爱使性子。■ rage [countable] a period of violent anger that is difficult to control 暴怒；狂怒◆Sue stormed out in a rage.苏大发雷霆。◆She attacked him in a jealous rage.她因妒忌而发怒攻击他。 see also rage ⇨ anger noun ■ mood [countable] a period of being angry or impatient 坏心境；坏脾气◆I wonder why he's in such a mood today.我不知道他为什么今天脾气这么坏。◆She was in one of her moods (= one of her regular periods of being angry or impatient).她心情又不好了。◆to be in a bad / foul / filthy / terrible mood情绪不佳／很差／很坏／极糟 see also mood ⇨ mood , moody ⇨ moody ■ sulk [countable] (BrE also the sulks [plural]) a period of being silent and bad-tempered because you are annoyed about sth 生闷气；愠怒◆Jo was in a sulk upstairs.乔在楼上生闷气。◆Ed's got the sulks again.埃德又生闷气了。 see also sulk ⇨ brood verb , sulky ⇨ irritable ■ huff [countable] (informal) a period of being bad-tempered, especially because sb has annoyed or upset you 怒气冲冲，生气（尤指被人惹恼或烦乱所致）◆She went home in a huff.她怒气冲冲地回家了。 lose your temper idiom lose your temper ♦︎ get angry ♦︎ get mad ♦︎ go mad ♦︎ lose patience ♦︎ go berserkThese expressions all mean to become angry or very angry and show this in the way you talk or behave. 这些词语均表示生气、发怒、大发脾气。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达生气的程度| lose patience | ➔ | lose your temper | ➔ | go mad | | | get angry | | go berserk | | | get mad | | |
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to lose your temper / get angry / get mad / lose patience with sb◆to lose your temper / get angry / get mad / go mad at sth◆to lose your temper / get angry over sth■ lose your ˈtemper idiom (lost, lost)to fail to control your anger 发脾气◆She lost her temper with a customer and shouted at him.她对一个顾客发脾气，冲着他大喊大叫。◆Try to ignore it. It's not worth losing your temper over.尽量别去理会，这不值得你发脾气。 OPP keep your temper see also temper ⇨ temper ■ get ˈangry idiom (getting, got, got; NAmE spoken getting, got, gotten)to become angry 发怒；生气◆Please don't get angry with me. I'm trying my best.请不要冲我发脾气，我在尽最大努力。NOTE 辨析 Lose your temper or get angry?If you lose your temper you show it in your behaviour, for example by shouting at sb. If you get angry, you might shout but the emphasis is more on your feelings and less on your behaviour. * lose your temper指在行为举止中表现出生气，如冲着某人大喊大叫；get angry也可能会喊叫，但其侧重点更多在情绪方面而非在行为举止上。■ get ˈmad idiom (getting, got, got; NAmE spoken getting, got, gotten) (NAmE, informal) to become angry 发怒；生气◆Please don't get mad at me.请不要冲我发脾气。◆He got mad and walked out.他愤然离去。■ go ˈmad idiom (goes, went, gone) (BrE, informal) to become very angry and fail to control your anger 非常生气；气炸了◆She went mad when I told her.我告诉她时，她非常生气。NOTE 辨析 Get mad or go mad? Get mad is the usual expression for 'to become angry' in informal American English. Go mad is British English and is a stronger expression, used when sb becomes very angry and shows it, for example by shouting. Go mad can also mean 'go crazy' or 'get very excited'. * get mad指生气或发怒，常用于非正式美式英语；go mad为英式英语，语气较强，指非常生气且表现出来，例如喊叫。go mad也可表示“发疯”或“欣喜若狂”。■ lose ˈpatience idiom (lost, lost)to become annoyed or angry 恼怒；生气；不耐烦◆People have lost patience with the slow pace of reform.改革步履缓慢，民众已失去耐心。■ go berserk idiom (goes, went, gone)to become very angry and fail to control your anger 盛怒；暴跳如雷◆He went berserk when he found out where I'd been.他弄清我去过什么地方之后勃然大怒。 moderate verb moderate ♦︎ dampen ♦︎ temper ♦︎ blunt ♦︎ tone sth down ♦︎ modifyThese words all mean to make sth less strong or extreme. 这些词均表示使缓和、使适中、减弱。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to moderate / tone down / modify your language◆to moderate / modify your behaviour / demands / views■ moderate /ˈmɒdəreɪt; NAmE ˈmɑːdəreɪt/ [transitive, intransitive] (rather formal) to become or make sth become less extreme, severe or strong 缓和；使适中◆We agreed to moderate our original demands.我们同意降低原先的要求。◆She apologized immediately and moderated her voice.她立刻道了歉并压低了嗓门。◆By evening the wind had moderated slightly.到黄昏时，风稍稍减弱了。ⓘ Moderate is often used to talk about things that are done by people, for example behaviour, criticism or language, and usually has a person as the subject of the verb. * moderate常用以谈及人们所做之事，主语通常是人，搭配词有behaviour、criticism、language等。■ dampen [transitive] to make sth such as a feeling or reaction less strong 抑制，控制，减弱（感情、反应等）◆None of the setbacks could dampen his enthusiasm.任何挫折都不能减弱他的热情。◆She wasn't going to let anything dampen her spirits today.她不想让任何事情影响她今天的兴致。■ temper [transitive, often passive] (formal) to make sth less severe by adding sth that has the opposite effect 使缓和；使温和◆Justice must be tempered with mercy.法外尚须施以仁恕。◆The hot sunny days were tempered by a light breeze.一阵轻风为晴朗炎热的天气带去些许凉意。■ blunt [transitive] to make a feeling or ability weaker or less effective 使（情感）减弱；使（能力）变差；使降低效应◆Age hadn't blunted his passion for adventure.岁月没有冲淡他对冒险的热情。◆Living alone in the country had blunted her wits.在乡下的独居生活使她的头脑不复敏锐。■ ˌtone sth ˈdown phrasal verb to make a speech or opinion less extreme or offensive 使（讲话或意见）缓和；使温和◆The language of the article will have to be toned down for the mass market.这篇文章的措辞必须缓和一下以适合大众市场。■ modify /ˈmɒdɪfaɪ; NAmE ˈmɑːdɪfaɪ/ [transitive] (formal) to make your behaviour, attitude or language less extreme, especially in order to avoid offending sb 使（行为、态度或语言）温和；缓和◆The social worker at first aimed to get Mrs R to modify her behaviour, without success.社会福利工作者最初力求使R夫人缓和自己的行为，但没有成功。 |