| 例句 |
sin noun
⇨ crime 2 (commit/forgive a sin) ⇨ evil (turn away from sin)crime2 noun the fight against crime 与犯罪活动的斗争commit a crime 犯罪disgrace1It's a crime to waste so much money.crime ♦︎ offence ♦︎ sin ♦︎ felony ♦︎ misdemeanour ♦︎ atrocity ♦︎ wrong ♦︎ outrageThese are all words for an illegal, wrong or unacceptable act. 这些词均表示罪、罪行、不当行为。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a crime / an offence / a sin / an atrocity / an outrage against sb / sth◆a serious crime / offence / felony / misdemeanour / wrong◆a terrible crime / sin / wrong◆a capital crime / offence / felony◆a minor / petty crime / offence / misdemeanour◆a sexual crime / offence / sin / misdemeanour◆a terrorist crime / offence / atrocity / outrage◆to commit a crime / an offence / a sin / a felony / a misdemeanour / an atrocity / an outrage◆to forgive a crime / an offence / a sin / a misdemeanour / a wrong / an outrage■ crime [countable] an illegal act or activity that can be punished by law 罪；罪行◆The massacre was a crime against humanity.这场大屠杀是一桩反人类的罪行。◆Many crimes are never reported to the police.许多犯罪行为从未向警方报告。◆No weapon was found at the scene of the crime.犯罪现场没有发现武器。■ offence (BrE) (NAmE offense) [countable] (rather formal) an illegal act or activity that can be punished by law 罪；罪行◆It is a criminal offence to inflict cruelty on any wild animal.残忍对待任何野生动物均属犯刑事罪。◆He was given a warning since it was a first offence (= the first time that he had been found guilty of a crime).因属初犯，他被给予警告。◆The rebels could face charges of treason, a capital offence (= one for which sb may be punished by death).叛乱者可能会面临叛国罪的指控，这是死罪。▸ offend verb [intransitive] ◆ (formal) He started offending at the age of 16.他16岁就开始犯法。NOTE 辨析 Crime or offence?In everyday language, crime is used more often than offence to talk about more serious illegal acts, such as murder or rape. Offence is used more frequently to talk about illegal activities such as driving too fast, carrying a gun and using drugs. 在日常用语中，crime较offence更多用于指比较严重的违法行为，如谋杀或强奸；offence更常指超速驾驶、非法持有枪支、吸毒等非法活动 (BrE) ◆a driving / motoring offence违章驾驶 (NAmE) ◆a traffic offense违章驾驶 (BrE) ◆a firearms offence枪支犯罪 (BrE) ◆a drugs offence毒品犯罪 (NAmE) ◆a drug offense毒品犯罪However, in legal contexts, offence is the preferred technical term for all illegal acts and activities. 不过，在法律语境下倾向于用offence这一术语指称所有非法行为和活动。 ■ sin [countable] an offence against God or against a religious or moral law 罪，罪恶，罪过（对神的冒犯或对宗教戒律、道德规范的违犯）◆Confess your sins to God and he will forgive you.向上帝忏悔，上帝会宽恕你的。▸ sin verb [intransitive] ◆Forgive me, Lord, for I have sinned.主啊，宽恕我吧，我犯了罪。■ felony / /ˈfeləni/ / [countable, uncountable] (NAmE or old-fashioned, law 法律) a serious crime such as murder or rape （谋杀或强奸等）重罪，重刑罪◆He was indicted on three felony charges of lying to the grand jury.他向大陪审团说谎，被起诉三项重罪。■ misdemeanour (BrE) (NAmE misdemeanor) / /ˌmɪsdɪˈmiːnə(r)/ / [countable] (especially NAmE, law 法律) a crime that is less serious than a felony 轻罪◆He pleaded guilty to the misdemeanor of domestic violence.他承认犯有家庭暴力这种轻罪。ⓘ In formal language, in both British and American English, a misdemeanour can also be any action that is bad or unacceptable, but not very serious. 在英式和美式英语的正式用语中，misdemeanour还可指不当行为、不检点的行为◆He thought about his own youthful misdemeanours.他想起自己年轻时的不良行为。 ■ atrocity / /əˈtrɒsəti; NAmE əˈtrɑːsəti/ [countable, usually plural, uncountable] (rather formal) a terrible, cruel and violent act, especially in a war （尤指战争中的）残暴行为◆They have accepted responsibility for the atrocities committed during the war.他们已为战争期间所犯的暴行承担责任。■ wrong [countable] (formal) an act that is not legal, honest or morally acceptable 不义行为；欺骗行径；恶行◆It is time to forgive past wrongs if progress is to be made.要想往前走，现在就应该宽恕过去的种种过错。◆It's the job of the newspapers to expose the wrongs suffered by such people.曝光这些人所遭受的不公义是报界的职责。ⓘ Wrong places emphasis on the victim (= the person who has been badly treated). * wrong重点强调受害者◆to suffer a wrong含冤It is often used when talking about trying to correct sth bad that sb has done. 表示纠正过错、平反冤屈时常用wrong◆to redress / right / forgive a wrong改正／纠正／原谅过错 ■ outrage /ˈaʊtreɪdʒ/ / [countable] a terrible, cruel and violent act that shocks people or makes them very angry 暴行；骇人听闻的事◆No one has yet claimed responsibility for this latest bomb outrage.迄今还没有人宣称对最近的爆炸恶行负责。NOTE 辨析 Atrocity or outrage? Outrage is most often used to talk about terrorist acts; atrocity refers to both wartime and terrorist acts. * outrage最常指恐怖主义行为；atrocity既指战时的，亦指恐怖主义的行为。 evil noun evil ♦︎ sin ♦︎ wrong ♦︎ wickedness ♦︎ immorality ♦︎ viceThese are all words for morally bad behaviour, or a force that causes bad things to happen. 这些词均表示恶行、邪恶。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to do evil / wrong◆to turn (away) from evil / sin / wickedness◆a life of evil / sin / wickedness / vice■ evil [uncountable] a force that causes bad things to happen; morally bad behaviour 邪恶；罪恶；恶行◆The film is about the eternal struggle between good and evil.这部影片讲的是善与恶之间永不休止的斗争。◆He believed he could rid the world of the forces of evil.他相信他可以铲除世间的邪恶势力。◆Humans have the capacity to do more evil than any other species on earth.与地球上的其他物种相比，人类作恶的能力更大。OPP good ⇨ morality ■ sin [uncountable] (rather formal) behaviour that involves breaking a religious or moral law 罪行，犯罪（违反宗教戒律或道德规范的行为）◆Believers are called on to turn away from sin and embrace a life of prayer.信徒被要求远离罪恶，奉行祷告。■ wrong [uncountable] behaviour that is not honest or morally acceptable 不义行为；欺骗行径；邪恶◆Children must be taught the difference between right and wrong.必须教儿童分辨是非。◆Her son can do no wrong in her eyes.在她眼里，她的儿子不可能做坏事。◆I see no wrong in taking a little time off.我认为歇一小会儿没什么不妥。ⓘ In this meaning, wrong is nearly always used in the phrases do/see no wrong and right and wrong. 表达此义时，wrong几乎总是用于短语do/see no wrong和right and wrong。 OPP right ⇨ morality see also wrong ⇨ wrong adj. 4 ■ wickedness [uncountable] morally bad behaviour, especially when it has no reason except sb's pleasure in being bad （尤指以作恶为乐事的人的）恶行，恶习◆They started to beat me for no reason except sheer wickedness.他们开始打我，不为别的，就是恶毒成性。■ immorality / /ˌɪməˈræləti/ / [uncountable, countable] (rather formal) behaviour, especially sexual behaviour, that does not follow accepted standards （尤指性行为）放荡，淫荡◆For him, the besetting sins of the age were greed and sexual immorality.对于他来说，那个年代为祸甚大的罪恶是贪婪和放荡。OPP morality ⇨ morality see also immoral ⇨ wrong adj. 4 ■ vice [uncountable] (especially journalism 尤用于新闻) evil or immoral behaviour 恶行；不道德行为◆The film ended most satisfactorily: vice punished and virtue rewarded.这部影片的结尾皆大欢喜：邪恶受到惩治，美德得到褒奖。ⓘ In journalism and other more informal contexts vice usually refers to activities such as sex, taking drugs, drinking alcohol and gambling (= playing games of chance for money). 在新闻报道和其他较非正式语境下，vice通常涉及性、吸毒、酗酒和赌博等行为。 OPP virtue ⇨ morality |