| 例句 |
single adj.
⇨ single (single people/parents) ⇨ particular (the single most important factor) single adjective single ♦︎ divorced ♦︎ unmarried ♦︎ lone ♦︎ estranged ♦︎ widowed ♦︎ separatedThese words all describe people who are not married or not having a romantic relationship with sb. 这些词均表示单身的、无配偶的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to be divorced / estranged / separated from sb◆a single / a divorced / an unmarried / a lone / a widowed / a separated man / woman / parent / mother / father◆a divorced / an unmarried / a separated couple■ single not married; not having a romantic relationship with sb 单身的；未婚的；无伴侣的◆The apartments are ideal for single people living alone.这些公寓供单身者独自居住最为理想。◆Are you still single?你还是单身吗？ⓘ A single parent/mother/father is a person who looks after their child or children without a husband, wife or partner. * single parent/mother/father指单亲母亲或单亲父亲◆Marriage breakdown is common and there are a large number of single-parent families.婚姻破裂现象很普遍，因此出现了许多单亲家庭。 ■ divorced no longer married because the marriage has been legally ended 离婚的；离异的◆Many divorced people remarry and have second families.许多离婚的人再婚组成新的家庭。◆My parents are divorced.我的父母离婚了。◆Are they going to get divorced?他们打算离婚吗？ see also divorce , get divorced ⇨ divorce ■ unmarried not married 未婚的；独身的◆He remained unmarried all his life.他终身未娶。◆Unmarried couples do not have the same rights as married couples.未婚伴侣享受不到与已婚伴侣同等的权利。OPP married ⇨ marry ■ lone [only before noun] (especially BrE, rather formal, especially written) without a husband, wife or partner to share the care of children 单亲的◆Nine out of ten lone parents are women.十个单亲家长有九个是女性。◆Lone fathers tend to be older than lone mothers.单亲父亲往往比单亲母亲岁数大。ⓘ Lone is not often used in normal spoken English, but it is common in journalism and in official reports. 在一般的口语中lone并不常用，但在新闻和官方报告中却很常见。■ estranged / /ɪˈstreɪndʒd/ / (formal) no longer living with your husband or wife （夫妻）分居的◆He is being questioned in connection with the death of his estranged wife.他因分居妻子的死亡而正受讯问。◆She has been estranged from her husband since 1999.自1999年起她就与丈夫分居了。 see also estrangement ⇨ division 2 ■ widowed /ˈwɪdəʊd; NAmE ˈwɪdoʊd/ if sb is widowed, their husband or wife has died 丧偶的；成为寡妇（或鳏夫）的◆She was widowed by the time she was 35.她35岁时就守了寡。◆She spent twenty years looking after her widowed father.她照料鳏居的父亲长达二十年。■ separated [not usually before noun] no longer living with your husband, wife or partner （和某人）分居◆Her parents are separated but not divorced.她父母分居但没离婚。◆He's separated from his wife.他和妻子分居了。 see also separate ⇨ divorce NOTE 辨析 Estranged or separated?An estranged couple are married but no longer live together or have any sort of relationship or communication. A separated couple no longer live together but may still communicate, for example to organize the care of children. Separated can also refer to a couple who were not married but used to live together. * estranged指已婚夫妻不再共同生活，也不再保持任何联系或来往；separated指夫妻不再共同生活，但可能仍保持联系，例如安排照管孩子。separated也可指未婚同居后分手。 particular adjective particular ♦︎ certain ♦︎ separate ♦︎ specific ♦︎ individual ♦︎ single ♦︎ respective ♦︎ distinctThese words are all used to talk about one person or thing, not others. 这些词均表示特定的、个别的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆sth is separate / distinct from sth else◆a particular / certain / specific / individual person◆a particular / a certain / a separate / a specific / an individual / a single / a distinct category / region◆respective categories / regions◆a particular / certain / separate / specific / single event / incident / occasion◆a particular / certain / separate / specific location◆particular / certain / separate / individual / single / distinct components◆particular / certain / specific / individual / respective / distinct needs / requirements◆a particular / certain / specific / single / distinct context◆respective contexts◆a particular / certain / specific / single / distinct objective / purpose◆a particular / certain / specific date◆respective dates◆a particular / a separate / an individual / a single / a distinct strand◆a / an separate / individual / single / distinct entity◆a particular / a certain / a separate / a specific / an individual / a distinct type of sth◆a particular / certain / specific / distinct kind of sth◆quite separate / specific / distinct■ particular [only before noun] used to emphasize that you are referring only to one person, thing or type of thing and not others 专指的，特指的（与泛指相对）◆There is one particular patient I'd like you to see.我想让你见一个病人。◆The policy seems to discriminate against particular groups of people.这一政策似乎对某些群体有歧视。◆Here, in no particular order (= the order is not important and has not been deliberately chosen), is a selection of readers' comments.这里挑选了部分读者的意见，排序不分先后。▸ particularly adverb ◆Traffic is bad, particularly on the way into town.交通状态很差，尤其是进城方向。◆I enjoyed the play, particularly the second half.我喜欢那个剧，尤其是后半部。■ certain [only before noun] used to mention a particular thing, person or group without giving any more details about it/them （不提及细节时用）某个，某些，某种◆Certain people might disagree with this.某些人对这事可能有异议。◆They refused to release their hostages unless certain conditions were met.除非某些条件得到满足，否则他们拒绝释放人质。ⓘ In formal English certain can be used when mentioning a person who has been named but who is not known. 在正式英语中，certain可指知其姓名不知其人的情况◆It was a certain Dr Davis who performed the operation.是一位叫戴维斯的医生做的手术。 ■ separate forming a unit by itself; not with or joined to sth else; (of several things of the same type) different and not connected 单独的；独立的；不同的；不相关的◆They sleep in separate bedrooms.他们睡在各自的卧室。◆Raw meat must be kept separate from cooked meat.生肉和熟肉必须分开存放。◆Write a list of names on a separate piece of paper.将名单写在另一张纸上。◆It happened on three separate occasions.这事在三个不同的场合发生过。◆For the past three years they have been leading totally separate lives.三年来，他们完全是各过各的生活。OPP joint , communal ⇨ common ▸ separately adverb ◆They were photographed separately and then as a group.他们先拍单人照，再拍合照。◆That matter will be considered separately from the main agenda.那件事将单独考虑，不列入主要议程。■ specific / /spəˈsɪfɪk/ / [usually before noun] connected with one particular thing or type of thing, especially one that is very well defined and different from others in important details （尤指因界定清楚、重要细节不同）特定的◆Each debate will focus on a specific political issue.每场辩论将聚焦一个特定的政治问题。◆The money was collected for a specific purpose.收取这笔钱是有特定用途的。▸ specifically adverb ◆a magazine aimed specifically at working women专门面向职业妇女的杂志NOTE 辨析 Particular or specific?A particular person, group or thing is that one and not a different one: John, not Mary; the French, not the Germans; that book, not this one. A specific group or thing is a particular one in all its details, not a general group or type of which this is one example: school children with learning difficulties, not school children in general; the issue of long-term unemployment in declining industrial centres, not the issue of unemployment in general. * particular指人、团体或事情是此非彼，如约翰，不是玛丽；法国人，不是德国人；那本书，不是这本书。specific指团体或事物是独特的，而不是普遍的，如学习上有困难的学生，不是一般的学生；衰落的工业区的长期失业问题，不是一般的失业问题。■ individual [only before noun] considered separately rather than as part of a group 单独的；个别的◆We interviewed each individual member of the community.我们采访了每个社区成员。◆The minister refused to comment on individual cases.部长拒绝对个别事件发表评论。 OPP collective ⇨ common see also individual ⇨ own ▸ individually adverb ◆individually wrapped chocolates独立包装的巧克力■ single [only before noun] used to emphasize that you are referring to one particular person or thing on its own （用于强调）一个的，单个的◆Unemployment is the single most important factor in the rising crime rates.失业是犯罪率日益上升最重要的一个因素。◆We eat rice every single day.我们天天吃米饭。▸ singly adverb ◆The stamps are available singly or in books of ten.邮票有单枚的，也有十枚一册的。■ respective / /rɪˈspektɪv/ / [only before noun] (usually used before a plural noun 通常用于复数名词前) (rather formal) belonging or relating separately to each of the people or things already mentioned 分别的；各自的◆They are each recognized as specialists in their respective fields.他们在各自的领域都被视为专家。▸ respectively adverb ◆Julie Wilson and Mark Thomas, aged 17 and 19 respectively朱莉•威尔逊和马克•托马斯，年龄分别是17岁和19岁■ distinct / /dɪˈstɪŋkt/ / clearly different or of a different kind 截然不同的；不同种类的◆The results of the survey fell into two distinct groups.调查结果分为截然不同的两种。◆Jamaican reggae music is quite distinct from North American jazz or blues.牙买加的雷盖音乐完全不同于北美的爵士乐或蓝调。◆We are talking about rural areas, as distinct from major cities.我们现在谈论的是乡村，与大城市截然不同。 |