| 例句 |
ultimate adj.
⇨ fundamental (the ultimate truth) ⇨ last 1 (the ultimate goal) fundamental adjective fundamental ♦︎ underlying ♦︎ radical ♦︎ basic ♦︎ essential ♦︎ elementary ♦︎ ultimate ♦︎ rudimentaryThese words all describe things such as problems and ideas that concern the most basic and important parts of sth. 这些词均表示根本的、基本的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆fundamental / basic to sth◆a fundamental / an underlying / a radical / a basic / an essential difference / distinction◆a fundamental / an underlying / a radical / a basic change / improvement◆a fundamental / radical / basic approach◆a fundamental / an underlying / a basic / an essential / an elementary rule / principle◆a fundamental / an underlying / a basic / an essential / the ultimate truth◆a fundamental / an underlying / a basic / an essential / the ultimate cause / reason◆a fundamental / an underlying / a basic / an essential assumption / aim / problem / cause / reason / need / weakness◆a fundamental / a basic / an elementary / a rudimentary skill / understanding / knowledge / level◆a fundamental / a basic / an elementary error / mistake■ fundamental / /ˌfʌndəˈmentl/ / (rather formal, especially written) serious and very important; concerning the most central and important parts of sth; forming the necessary basis of sth 十分重大的；根本的；基本的◆There is a fundamental difference between the two points of view.这两个观点有根本区别。◆A fundamental change in the organization of health services was required.公共医疗在组织架构上需要有一个根本性的变革。◆Hard work is fundamental to success.勤奋工作是成功的基础。 see also fundamentals ⇨ basics ▸ fundamentally adverb ◆The two approaches are fundamentally different.这两种处理方法完全不同。◆By the 1960s the situation had changed fundamentally.到20世纪60年代形势已发生了根本的变化。■ underlying / /ˌʌndəˈlaɪɪŋ; NAmE ˌʌndərˈlaɪɪŋ/ [only before noun] (rather formal, especially written) important in a situation but not always easily noticed or stated clearly 根本的；潜在的；隐含的◆The underlying assumption is that the amount of money available is limited.隐含的假定是，可用的资金有限。◆Unemployment may be an underlying cause of the rising crime rate.失业可能是犯罪率攀升的潜在原因。ⓘ Typical collocates of underlying include cause, assumption, reason, motive, trend, theme, problem, reality and aim. * underlying的常见搭配词有cause、assumption、reason、motive、trend、theme、problem、reality和aim。■ radical /ˈrædɪkl/ / [usually before noun] (rather formal, especially written) (of changes or differences) concerning the most central and important parts of sth; thorough and complete （变革或差异）根本的，彻底的；完全的◆There have been demands for radical reform of the law.一直就有对法律进行彻底变革的要求。◆This document marks a radical departure from earlier recommendations.这份文件标志着对先前建议的完全背离。 see also radical ⇨ radical adj. ▸ radically adverb ◆The new methods are radically different from the old.新方法迥然异于老方法。◆Attitudes have changed radically.态度发生了根本的转变。NOTE 辨析 Fundamental or radical?A fundamental change or difference is one that involves the whole structure of a system or the principles on which sth is based. A radical change is an important change which has wide-ranging effects. * fundamental指变革或差异涉及一项制度的整体结构或事物的基本原则，radical指变革重大且影响广泛。■ basic concerning the most central and important parts of sth from which other things develop 基本的；基础的◆They haven't even given us the most basic information we need.连我们所需要的最基本的信息他们都还未提供。◆During the first term, we will concentrate on the basic principles of law.第一学期我们将着重讲授法律的基本原则。◆Drums are basic to African music.鼓是非洲音乐的基本乐器。ⓘ Basic can also be used before a noun to mean 'necessary and important to all people'. * basic用在名词前亦可表示“必需的、基本需要的”◆Aren't food and shelter basic human rights?享有食物和住所难道不是基本人权吗？◆The report sets out the cost of basic foods in several European countries.报告陈述了几个欧洲国家基本食物的费用。 see also basics ⇨ basics ▸ basically adverb ◆Yes, that's basically correct.对，基本正确。◆There have been some problems but basically it's a good system.虽然出现过一些问题，但从根本上说这仍不失为一个好系统。■ essential [only before noun] connected with the most important aspect or basic nature of sb/sth 本质的；基本的；根本的◆The essential difference between Sara and me is our attitude to money.我与萨拉的根本区别在于我们对金钱的态度。◆The essential character of the town has been destroyed by the new road.这个城镇的主要特色被这条新马路毁了。 see also essence ⇨ nature 1 , essentials ⇨ basics ▸ essentially adverb ◆There are three essentially different ways of tackling the problem.解决这个问题有三种完全不同的方法。◆The pattern is essentially the same in all cases.这种模式在所有情况下基本相同。NOTE 辨析 Basic or essential? Basic looks at things from a practical point of view, concentrating on what is important in order to do or understand sth. Essential looks at things from a more philosophical point of view, considering the very nature of things and what makes them different from or similar to other things. * basic指从实际的角度看问题，强调在操作或理解上的重点。essential更多从哲学的角度看问题，强调事物的本质及其异于或相似于他者的特征。■ elementary / /ˌelɪˈmentri/ / (rather formal) concerning the most central and important matters or ideas 基本的；根本性的◆How could you make such an elementary mistake?你怎么能犯这种根本性错误？◆It's an elementary law of economics: the scarcer the commodity, the higher the price.这是经济学的基本法则：商品越稀缺，价格越高。ⓘ When it is used to talk about education or learning, elementary usually describes a level or a stage in learning a subject. * elementary修饰教育或学习时意思是初级的、基础的◆I'm taking classes in elementary Italian.我在上意大利语基础课程。 ■ ultimate [only before noun] from which sth originally comes 根本的；基本的；根源的◆the ultimate truths of philosophy and science哲学和科学的终极原理◆We could not trace the ultimate source of the rumours.我们不可能查出这些谣言的最初源头。▸ ultimately adverb ◆All life depends ultimately on oxygen.一切生命归根到底都要依赖氧气。■ rudimentary / /ˌruːdɪˈmentri/ / (formal) concerning only the most basic matters or ideas 基础的；基本的◆His understanding of the language is very rudimentary.他对这门语言仅有初步的认识。◆They were given only rudimentary training in the job.他们仅仅受过基本的职业训练。ⓘ Rudimentary most often describes knowledge, understanding, skill or training. * rudimentary最常描述knowledge、understanding、skill或training。 last1 determiner , adjective the last bus home 回家的末班公共汽车last night 昨晚last ♦︎ final ♦︎ closing ♦︎ later ♦︎ eventual ♦︎ ultimate ♦︎ latterThese words all describe sth that happens or comes after all other similar things or people. 这些词均表示最后的、末尾的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆the last / final / closing / later / ultimate / latter stage / phase◆the last / final / later / eventual / ultimate aim / goal / outcome◆eventual / ultimate success / failure / victory / defeat◆sb / sth's last / final / closing / later / latter years◆sb's last / final / closing speech / address◆the last / final / closing remark / chapter / minutes■ last determiner , adjective happening or coming after all other similar things or people; the only remaining thing or person 最后的；末尾的；仅存的◆We caught the last bus home.我们赶上了回家的末班公共汽车。◆It's the last house on the left.是左边尽头那栋房子。◆She was last to arrive.她是最后到的。◆I wouldn't marry you if you were the last person on earth!就算世界上只剩下你一个人，我也不会跟你结婚！◆He knew this was his last hope of winning.他知道自己成败在此一举。 OPP first ⇨ first ▸ lastly adverb ◆Lastly, I'd like to ask you about your plans.最后，我想问一下你们的计划。▸ at ˈlast idiom ◆We're home at last!我们终于到家了！◆At long last the cheque arrived.支票终于到了。■ final adjective [only before noun] being or happening at the end of a series of events, actions or statements; being the result of a particular process 最终的；最后的◆His final act as president was to pardon his predecessor.他作为总统所采取的最后行动是赦免其前任。◆The referee blew the final whistle.裁判吹响了终场的哨声。◆I'd like to return to the final point you made.我想回到你所说的最后一点。◆No one could have predicted the final outcome.谁也没有预想到最终结果会是这样。OPP initial ⇨ first ▸ finally adverb ◆Finally, stir in the fruit and walnuts.最后，把水果和核桃搅拌进去。◆The performance finally started half an hour late.演出在晚了半小时后终于开始了。■ closing adjective [only before noun] coming at the end of a speech, a period of time or an activity, especially as a sign that sth is about to finish （讲话、时段或活动）接近尾声的，结尾的，结束的◆The closing ceremony proved to be a spectacular and memorable affair.事实证明，这次闭幕式宏大壮观，十分难忘。OPP opening ⇨ first ■ later adjective happening or being near the end of a period of time 接近末期的◆the later part of the seventeenth century17世纪末叶◆She found happiness in her later years.她到晚年才找到幸福。 OPP earlier ▸ later adverb ◆His father died later that year.那年晚些时候他的父亲去世了。◆We're going to Rome later in the year.我们年内晚些时候要到罗马去。■ eventual / /ɪˈventʃuəl/ / adjective [only before noun] happening at the end of a period of time or of a process （时段或过程）最后的，最终的◆The school may face eventual closure.这所学校最终可能会面临关闭。◆the eventual winner of the tournament锦标赛的最终获胜者▸ eventually adverb ◆She hopes eventually to attend medical school and become a doctor.她希望最终能够上医学院，成为一名医生。◆I'll get round to mending it eventually.我最后会抽出时间来修理它的。■ ultimate / /ˈʌltɪmət/ / adjective [only before noun](especially of sth that is planned or intended) happening at the end of a long process （尤指计划或打算的事情）最后的，最终的，终极的◆our ultimate goal / aim / objective / target我们最终的目的／目标◆The ultimate decision lies with the parents.最后的决定权掌握在父母手中。◆We will accept ultimate responsibility for whatever happens.无论出什么事情，我们愿承担全部责任。▸ ultimately adverb ◆The campaign was ultimately successful.这次运动最终成功了。◆Ultimately, you'll have to make the decision yourself.最终你还是得自己拿主意。■ latter adjective nearer to the end of a period of time than the beginning （时段）后半期的，后面的◆The latter half of the twentieth century saw huge growth in air travel.航空旅行在20世纪后半期有了巨幅增长。▸ latterly adverb (formal) ◆Her health declined rapidly and latterly she never left the house.她的健康状况急剧衰退，此后她再也没离开过家。 |