| 例句 |
alarm noun
⇨ alarm (a burglar alarm) ⇨ fear (a feeling of alarm) ⇨ warning (raise the alarm)alarm verb
⇨ frighten alarm noun alarm ♦︎ siren ♦︎ hornThese are all words for a device that makes a noise to warn people or attract their attention. 这些词均指能发出警报的装置。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to hear an alarm / a siren / a horn◆an alarm / a siren / a horn sounds■ alarm [countable] a device that makes a noise to warn people of a particular danger 警报器◆All new houses must be fitted with a smoke alarm.所有新建房屋必须安装烟雾警报器。◆The earthquake set off burglar alarms throughout the city.地震触发了全城的防盗警钟。◆A car alarm went off in the middle of the night.半夜里，一辆汽车的警报器突然响了起来。 see also alarm ⇨ warning ■ siren / /ˈsaɪrən/ / [countable] a device that makes a long, very loud noise as a warning or signal 警报器；汽笛◆Air-raid sirens sounded to warn everyone in the city that an attack was coming.空袭警报响起，提醒城里的人空袭即将来临。◆A police car raced past with its siren wailing.一辆警车鸣着警笛飞驰而过。■ horn [countable] a device in a vehicle for making a loud noise as a warning or signal （汽车）喇叭◆She flashed her lights and honked her horn at the car in front.她向前面的车闪了车灯，按了喇叭。◆Behind him, a horn blared.在他身后响起了刺耳的喇叭声。 fear noun fear ♦︎ terror ♦︎ panic ♦︎ alarm ♦︎ fright ♦︎ hysteria ♦︎ dread ♦︎ paranoia ♦︎ phobiaThese are all words for the bad feeling you have when you are afraid. 这些词均表示害怕、恐惧、恐慌。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达恐惧的程度| alarm | ➔ | fear | ➔ | panic | ➔ | terror | | | fright | | paranoia | | hysteria | | | | | dread | | | | | | | phobia | | |
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a fear / terror / dread of sth◆panic / alarm / paranoia / a phobia about sth◆in fear / terror / panic / alarm / fright / dread◆fear / terror / panic / alarm / dread that...◆absolute / pure / sheer terror / panic / hysteria / dread◆to be filled with fear / terror / panic / alarm / dread◆to have a fear / panic / fright / dread / phobia◆a feeling of fear / terror / panic / alarm / hysteria / dread / paranoia■ fear [uncountable, countable] the bad feeling that you have when you are in danger, when sth bad might happen, or when a particular thing frightens you 害怕；惧怕；担忧◆(a) fear of the dark / spiders / flying怕黑；害怕蜘蛛／坐飞机◆Her eyes showed no fear.她的眼神毫无畏惧。◆The child was shaking with fear.那小孩吓得发抖。◆We lived in constant fear of losing our jobs.我们一直忧心忡忡，怕丢掉工作。◆He spoke of his fears for the future.他谈到了对未来的担忧。◆The doctor's report confirmed our worst fears.医生的报告证实了我们最大的担忧。 OPP hope ⇨ hope noun 2 see also fearful ⇨ afraid ▸ fear verb [transitive] (written) ◆to fear death / danger / persecution怕死；害怕危险／遭迫害◆Hundreds of people are feared dead.好几百人恐遭不测。◆We feared for their safety.我们担心他们的安全。◆Don't worry, you have nothing to fear from us.别担心，你一点也不必害怕我们。ⓘ Although there are a number of ways to use the verb fear, it is more common and usually more natural to use the expression be afraid/frightened/scared of sb/sth/doing sth. 虽然动词fear有好几种用法，但短语be afraid/frightened/scared of sb/sth/doing sth是比较常用且自然的说法。 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ afraid 另见afraid条■ terror [uncountable, singular] a feeling of extreme fear 惊恐；恐惧；惊骇◆Her eyes were wild with terror.她的眼睛里充满恐惧。◆People fled from the explosion in terror.人们惊恐地逃离了爆炸现场。◆Some women have a terror of losing control in the birth process.有些女人惧怕在分娩过程中会失控。 see also terrified ⇨ afraid ■ panic [uncountable, countable, usually singular] a sudden feeling of great fear that cannot be controlled and prevents you from thinking clearly 惊恐；恐慌；惊慌失措◆I had a sudden moment of panic.我一下子恐慌起来。◆There's no point getting into a panic about the exams.面对考试惊慌失措是没有用的。 see also panic ⇨ panic verb , panicky , panic-stricken ⇨ hysterical ■ alarm [uncountable] a sudden or continuing feeling of worry that sth dangerous might happen or might have already happened 惊恐；惊慌；恐慌◆'What have you done?' Ellie cried in alarm.“你都干了些什么？”埃利惊恐地喊道。◆The doctor said there was no cause for alarm.医生说不必惊慌。 see also alarm ⇨ frighten verb , alarmed ⇨ afraid ■ fright [uncountable, countable] a feeling of fear, usually sudden （通常指突如其来的）惊吓，恐怖◆She cried out in fright.她吓得大声叫喊。◆He suffered from stage fright (= nervous feelings felt by performers before they appear in front of an audience).他表演前怯场。ⓘ A fright can also be an experience or an event that makes you feel fear. * fright亦可指使人受惊吓的经历、恐怖的事件。 see also fright ⇨ shock noun 2 , frighten ⇨ frighten , frightened ⇨ afraid NOTE 辨析 Fear or fright? Fright is a reaction to sth that has just happened or is happening now. Use fear, not fright, to talk about things that always frighten you and things that may happen in the future. * fright指对刚刚发生或正在发生的事情的反应。对总是使人害怕的事物和对未来可能发生的事情感到担忧均可用fear，但不能用fright◆I have a fright of spiders. ◆his fright of what might happen ■ hysteria / /hɪˈstɪəriə; NAmE hɪˈstɪriə/ [uncountable] a state of extreme excitement, fear or anger in which a person or a group of people loses control of their emotions and starts to cry, laugh, etc. 歇斯底里；情绪失控◆A note of hysteria crept into her voice.她的声音听来有点歇斯底里。◆Fear infected people with mass hysteria.恐惧让人们陷入一片歇斯底里当中。 see also hysterical ⇨ hysterical ■ dread /dred/ / [uncountable, countable, usually singular] (rather informal) a feeling of great fear about sth that might or will happen in the future; a thing that causes this fear 恐惧；令人惧怕的事物◆The prospect of growing old alone fills me with dread.想到自己会孤独地渐渐老去，我害怕极了。◆She has an irrational dread of hospitals.她对医院有莫名的恐惧。▸ dread verb [transitive] ◆This was the moment he had been dreading.这是他一直最担心的时刻。◆She dreads her husband finding out.她生怕丈夫察觉出来。◆I dread to think what would happen if there really was a fire.我不敢想象假如真的发生火灾会是什么情景。 OPP look forward to sth ⇨ expect ■ paranoia / /ˌpærəˈnɔɪə/ / [uncountable] (informal) fear or suspicion of other people, especially when there is no reason for this （尤指无端的）对他人的恐惧（或怀疑）◆his paranoia that people might find out他对人们可能会有所察觉的无端恐惧 see also paranoid ⇨ afraid ■ phobia /ˈfəʊbiə; NAmE ˈfoʊbiə/ [countable] (rather formal) a strong unreasonable fear or hatred of sth 恐怖症，恐惧症（莫名的极度恐惧）◆He has a phobia about flying.他有飞行恐惧症。◆One of the symptoms of the disease is water phobia.这种病的其中一个症状是恐水。ⓘ Phobia is also used in compounds to make the names of particular phobias. * phobia亦用于表示某种恐惧症的复合词中◆arachnophobia (= fear of spiders) 蜘蛛恐惧症◆claustrophobia (= fear of enclosed spaces) 幽闭恐惧症◆xenophobia (= fear or hatred of people from other countries) 恐外症 warning noun warning ♦︎ notice ♦︎ alarm ♦︎ alert ♦︎ tip-off ♦︎ cautionThese are all words for a statement that tells sb that sth bad may happen. 这些词均表示警告、警示。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆warning / notice of sth◆warning / notice that...◆without warning / notice◆adequate / advance / ample / prior / written warning / notice◆a flood / bomb / health warning / alert◆to give / receive warning / notice / a tip-off◆to sound a warning / an alarm / an alert / a note of caution■ warning [countable, uncountable] a statement or event that tells sb that sth bad or unpleasant may happen in the future so that they can try to avoid it （就可能发生的意外等提出的）警告，警示，先兆◆Doctors issued a warning against eating any fish caught in the river.医生发出警告，不要吃在那条河里捕的鱼。◆All tobacco products are required to carry a government health warning.所有的烟草产品上都必须要标示政府的健康忠告。◆Let me give you a word of warning.我来提醒你一句。◆The bridge collapsed without any warning.那座桥在没有任何先兆的情况下坍塌了。■ notice [uncountable] information or a warning given in advance of sth that is going to happen, often as part of a plan; a formal letter saying that you will or must leave your job or house 预告；通知；辞职信；解雇信；搬迁通知◆You must give one month's notice of your intention to move out of the property.如打算搬家，必须提前一个月通知。◆Prices may be altered without notice.如有价格改变，恕不另行通知。◆The bar is closed until further notice (= until you are told that it is open again).酒吧关门停业，直至另行通知。◆He has handed in his notice (= his letter resigning from his job).他已递交了辞呈。■ alarm [countable, usually singular] a loud noise or a signal that warns people of danger or a problem 警报◆I hammered on all the doors to raise the alarm.我擂响所有的门让大家警觉起来。 see also alarm ⇨ alarm ■ alert / /əˈlɜːt; NAmE əˈlɜːrt/ [countable] an official warning to people to be prepared to deal with sth dangerous or difficult （官方发出的）警报◆A flood alert has been issued in the city after last night's heavy rain.昨夜暴雨过后，这个城市发出了洪水预警。◆a bomb alert炸弹警报 see also alert ⇨ watch noun ■ ˈtip-off [countable] (informal) secret information that sb gives, for example to the police, to warn them about an illegal activity that is going to happen 举报；密报◆The man was arrested after an anonymous tip-off.有人匿名举报后，那个人被抓了起来。■ caution /ˈkɔːʃn/ / [uncountable, countable] (formal) a warning or a piece of advice about a possible danger or risk （对危险或风险的）警告，告诫◆Some companies have sounded a note of caution about the outlook for the second half of this year.一些公司已经对今年下半年的前景发出了预警。◆Some cautions must be kept in mind when interpreting these results.解读这些结果时，必须谨记一些忠告。 frighten verb frighten ♦︎ scare ♦︎ alarm ♦︎ terrify ♦︎ traumatize ♦︎ spookThese words all mean to make sb afraid. 这些词均表示使害怕、使恐惧。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达使人恐惧的程度| alarm | ➔ | frighten | ➔ | terrify | | | scare | | traumatize | | | spook | | |
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to frighten / scare sb / sth away / off◆to frighten / scare / terrify sb into doing sth◆It frightens / scares / alarms / terrifies me that...◆It frightens / scares / alarms / terrifies me to think, see, etc.■ frighten [transitive] to make sb feel afraid, often suddenly （常为突如其来地）使惊吓，使惊恐◆Stop it! You're frightening me!住手！你吓着我了！◆Oh sorry. I didn't mean to frighten you.哦，对不起，我没有吓唬你的意思。◆He brought out a gun and frightened them off.他掏出一把枪，把他们吓跑了。 see also frightened ⇨ afraid , fright ⇨ fear noun , intimidate ⇨ threaten 1 ■ scare [transitive] (rather informal) to frighten sb 使惊吓；使惊恐◆It scared me to think I was alone in the building.想到楼里只有我一个人，怪害怕的。◆They managed to scare the bears away.他们设法把那些熊吓跑了。◆ (informal) The very thought of flying scares him silly / stiff.光是想到坐飞机，他就吓傻了。 see also scared ⇨ afraid NOTE 辨析 Frighten or scare? Scare is slightly more informal than frighten, so it is used more in spoken than in written English. Both verbs can also be used without an object, but this is not very frequent. 比起frighten，scare略非正式，因此多用于口语而非书面语中。这两个动词均可不带宾语，但此用法不太常见◆He doesn't frighten / scare easily.他不是轻易能吓倒的。 It is more natural to say 下面的说法更自然◆Nothing frightens / scares him.什么也吓不倒他。or 或◆He doesn't get frightened / scared easily.他不是轻易能吓倒的。 ■ alarm [transitive] (not usually used in the progressive tenses 通常不用于进行时) to make sb anxious or afraid 使惊恐；使害怕；使担心◆It alarms me that nobody takes this problem seriously.没有人认真对待这个问题，这令我非常担心。◆The captain knew there was a problem but didn't want to alarm the passengers.船长知道出了问题，但他不想惊动乘客。ⓘ Alarm is used when sb has a feeling that sth unpleasant or dangerous might happen in the future; the feeling is often more one of worry than actual fear. * alarm用以描述感到不快或危险之事可能要发生的心情，多为忧虑而非真的害怕。 see also alarm ⇨ fear noun , alarmed ⇨ afraid , startle ⇨ surprise verb ■ terrify [transitive] to make sb feel extremely afraid 使极为恐惧；使十分害怕◆Flying terrified her.她很怕坐飞机。◆He terrified employees at the bank into handing over cash.他恐吓银行职员交出现金。 see also terrified ⇨ afraid ■ traumatize (BrE also traumatise) / /ˈtrɔːmətaɪz; NAmE ˈtraʊmətaɪz/ [transitive, usually passive] to make sb feel very upset, afraid or shocked, often making them unable to think or work normally 使受精神创伤◆We were traumatized by what we saw.我们所看到的景象令我们精神受创。◆He was traumatized for life.他的精神创伤终生未愈。 see also trauma ⇨ nightmare , traumatic ⇨ painful 2 ■ spook /spuːk/ / [transitive] (informal) to frighten a person or animal 吓，惊吓（人或动物）◆We were spooked by the strange noises and lights.那奇怪的声音和亮光把我们吓坏了。 |