stress verb ⇨stressstress noun ⇨priority (lay great stress on punctuality)⇨weight (put stress on other parts of the body)⇨pressure1 (mental stress)
stress
verb
➡ See also the entry for ⇨ point sth out另见point sth out条stress ♦︎ emphasize ♦︎ underline ♦︎ underscore ♦︎ weight ♦︎ prioritizeThese words all mean to give particular importance to sb/sth so that people notice them/it.这些词均表示强调、着重。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to stress / emphasize / underline that / how...◆to stress / emphasize / underline / underscore the fact that...◆to stress / emphasize / underline / underscore the importance / extent / necessity of sth◆to stress / emphasize / underline / underscore / prioritize a need◆to stress / emphasize / underline / underscore a point◆to stress / emphasize / underline the difference◆to stress / emphasize / underline an aspect of sth◆to stress / emphasize a word / syllable / phrase◆to clearly stress / emphasize / underline / underscore / weight sth◆to heavily stress / emphasize / weight sth◆to further stress / emphasize / underline / underscore sth◆to just stress / emphasize / underline sth■stress [transitive] to give particular importance or attention to sth; to say sth in a way that makes people notice it and think about it; to give extra force to a word or syllable when saying it强调；着重；重读◆She stressed the importance of a good education.她强调了接受良好教育的重要性。◆I must stress that everything I've told you is strictly confidential.我必须强调，我告诉你的一切都要严加保密。◆It must be stressed that this disease is very rare.必须着重指出，这种病非常罕见。◆I want to stress how important this work is.我要强调的是这项任务很重要。◆You stress the first syllable in 'happiness'.happiness一词重音在第一个音节。 see also stress ⇨ prioritynoun■emphasize (BrEemphasise) [transitive] (ratherformal) to stress the importance of sth; to give extra force to a word or phrase when saying it, especially to show that it is important强调；着重；重读；加强⋯的语气◆The report emphasizes the need for economic stability.这篇报道强调了经济稳定的必要性。◆It should be emphasized that this is only one possible explanation.应该强调的是，这只是一种可能的解释。◆He emphasized how little was known about the disease.他强调人们对这种疾病所知甚少。◆'Let nothing... nothing,' he emphasized the word, 'tempt you.'他强调说：“要抵制一切⋯一切的诱惑。” see also emphasis ⇨ priorityNOTE辨析 Stress or emphasize?When you are talking about giving particular importance to a fact or issue, you can use either word. Stress is slightly more informal, used more in spoken English and journalism, especially when the subject is human (I must stress...). Emphasize is slightly more formal, used more in written and academic English, especially when the subject is not human (The report emphasizes...). When you are talking about giving extra force to a word, use stress when you are talking about normal speech patterns, especially syllable stress. You can use stress or emphasize to talk about giving particular importance to a word.这两词都可用于强调事实或问题的重要性。stress稍不正式，较多用于口语和新闻语言中，特别是以人作主语的时候，如I must stress ...（我必须强调⋯）。emphasize稍正式些，较多用于书面语及学术语境，特别是以物作主语的时候，如The report emphasizes ...（该报道强调⋯）。表示单词读音的重读，尤其是重读音节要用stress，表示强调某个词语的重要性可用stress或emphasize。■underline /ˌʌndəˈlaɪn; NAmEˌʌndərˈlˌʌn/ [transitive] (ratherformal) to emphasize or show that sth is important or true强调；突现◆The report underlines the importance of pre-school education.这份报告强调学前教育的重要性。◆Her question only underlined how little she understood him.她问的问题只能突现她多么不了解他。ⓘ A report or statement most often underlines a fact, need or point. A person might underline their determination or commitment to do sth. * underline的主语是report或statement时，宾语多是fact、need或point。underline也可用于某人强调其做某事的determination或commitment。■underscore /ˌʌndəˈskɔː(r); NAmEˌʌndərˈskɔːr/ [transitive] (especially NAmE, especially business尤用于商业) to emphasize that sth is important强调；突现◆His speech underscored the need for a clear policy.他的演讲强调了明确政策的必要性。NOTE辨析 Underline or underscore?In British English underline has a wider range of use than underscore, which is only used when sb/sth deliberately emphasizes sth. Something can underline sth if it shows it to be important or true without meaning to; in American English underscore can also be used in this way, but not in British English.在英式英语中，underline的使用范围比underscore更广泛些，后者仅用于刻意强调某事。underline可用于某事突现某事，表示一件事不是刻意安排而显出另一件事的重要性或准确性。在美式英语中，underscore也可这样用，而在英式英语中则不行◆Her question only underlined how little she understood him.她问的问题只能突现她多么不了解他。 (NAmE also) ◆Her question only underscored how little she understood him.她问的问题只能突现她多么不了解他。In both British and American English you can also use highlight when you want to draw particular attention to sth.此外，无论在英式或美式英语中，均可用highlight来表示强调某事。 see also highlight ⇨ point sth out■weight [transitive, usually passive] (technical术语) to give different values to things to show how important you think each of them is compared with the others使加权◆Each of these factors should be weighted according to their relative importance.应根据这些因素的相对重要性对它们进行加权处理。■prioritize (BrE alsoprioritise) /praɪˈɒrətaɪz; NAmEpraɪˈɔːrətaɪz, praɪˈɑːrətaɪz/ [transitive, intransitive] (ratherformal) to put tasks or problems in order of importance, so that you can deal with the most important first按重要性排列；划分优先顺序◆You should make a list of all the jobs you have to do and prioritize them.你应该把所有必须做的事情都列出来，并按轻重缓急排个顺序。◆You have to learn to prioritize.你必须学会划分优先顺序。 see also priority ⇨ priority
priority
noun
priority ♦︎ emphasis ♦︎ stress ♦︎ precedenceThese are all words for the fact of giving sth special importance.这些词均表示强调、重视。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆priority / precedence over sb / sth◆(a) particular / special / equal priority / emphasis / stress◆the main priority / emphasis◆great / undue emphasis / stress◆to have priority / a ... emphasis / precedence◆to take priority / precedence◆to give sb / sth priority / emphasis / precedence◆to put emphasis / stress on sb / sth◆to lay / place emphasis / stress on sb / sth◆in order of priority / precedence■priority / /praɪˈɒrəti; NAmEpraɪˈɔːrəti, praɪˈɑːrəti/ [countable, uncountable] something that you think is more important than other things and should be dealt with first; the condition of being more important than sb else and therefore coming or being dealt with first优先事项；最重要的事；优先◆a high / low priority重点／非重点项目◆Education is a top priority.教育是重中之重。◆ (especially BrE) You need to get your priorities right(= decide what is important to you).你需要把个人事情的轻重缓急分清楚。◆ (NAmE) You need to get your priorities straight.你需要把个人事情的轻重缓急分清楚。◆Club members will be given priority.俱乐部会员将享有优先权。◆Her family takes priority over her work.她把家庭排在工作的前面。◆List the tasks in order of priority.按照轻重缓急的顺序把任务都列出来。◆Priority cases, such as homeless families, get dealt with first.符合优先类别的，如无住房家庭，可获优先处理。 see also prioritize ⇨ stressverb■emphasis /ˈemfəsɪs/ / (pluralemphases / /ˈemfəsiːz/ / ) [uncountable, countable] special importance that is given to sth强调；重视；重要性◆The emphasis is very much on learning the spoken language.重点大多放在学习口语上。◆There has been a shift of emphasis from manufacturing to service industries.重点已经从制造业向服务业转移。◆The classes have a vocational emphasis.这些课强调职业技能。 see also emphasize ⇨ stressverb■stress [uncountable] special importance that is given to sth强调；重视；重要性◆She lays great stress on punctuality.她十分注重守时。◆I think the company places too much stress on cost and not enough on quality.我认为公司对成本强调有余，而对质量则重视不足。 see also stress ⇨ stressverbNOTE辨析 Emphasis or stress?There is very little difference in meaning between these two words. Emphasis is much more frequent and slightly more formal; stress is often more personal, used to talk about what a particular person thinks is important, rather than the focus of a debate, campaign or service, for example.这两个词含义差别很小。emphasis要常用得多，且略显正式。stress常表示个人态度，指特定的人所重视的事，并非辩论、运动或服务等的重点。■precedence / /ˈpresɪdəns/ / [uncountable] (ratherformal) the condition of being more important than sb/sth else and therefore coming or being dealt with first优先；优先权◆She had to learn that her wishes did not take precedence over other people's needs.她必须懂得，自己的愿望不凌驾于他人的需要之上。◆The speakers came on to the platform in order of precedence.演讲人按优先顺序先后上台。NOTE辨析 Priority or precedence?In some cases you can use either of these words.在有些情况下这两个词可以通用◆Her wishes did not take priority / precedence over other people's needs.她的愿望不凌驾于他人的需要之上。However, people or things usually take precedence on the basis of rank: because they are older, have a higher social status or a more senior position. People or things are usually given priority on the basis of need.但是因年龄、社会地位或职位高而排在前面获优先对待时通常用take precedence。人或事按需要度获优先处理通常说be given priority◆The speakers came on to the platform in order of priority.◆Homeless families will be given precedence.
weight
noun
weight ♦︎ pressure ♦︎ strain ♦︎ stress ♦︎ load ♦︎ mass ♦︎ densityThese are all words for how heavy sth is or how much it presses on sth else.这些词均表示重量、压力。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆under the weight / pressure / strain / stress / load◆(a) heavy weight / pressure / strain / load◆(a / an) considerable / enormous / great / immense weight / pressure / strain / stress◆high / low pressure / stress / density◆to put weight / pressure / strain / stress on sth◆to bear the weight / strain / stress / load◆to take the weight / strain / stress■weight [uncountable, countable] how heavy sb/sth is; the fact of being heavy; an object that is heavy重量；重；重物◆It is about 76 kilos in weight.这东西重约76公斤。◆Bananas are sold by weight.香蕉按重量出售。◆I just hoped the branch would take my weight.我只是希望树枝经得住我的体重。◆Don't put any weight on that ankle(= don't stand on it) for at least a week.至少一个星期内别让那只脚踝受力。◆The doctor said he should not lift heavy weights.医生说他不应提重物。ⓘ Weight is also used to talk about people becoming heavier/fatter or lighter/thinner. * weight还可用来表示人变重、变胖或变轻、变瘦◆She is trying to lose weight(= become less heavy and less fat).她正设法减肥。◆He's put on / gained weight(= become heavier and fatter) since he gave up smoking.他戒烟后体重增加了。◆Sam has a weight problem(= is too fat).萨姆太胖了。◆No more for me. I need to watch my weight.我不再吃了，我得控制体重。▸weigh
verb
[transitive] ◆How much do you weigh(= how heavy are you)?你有多重？◆She weighs 60 kilos.她体重60公斤。◆These cases weigh a ton(= are very heavy).这些箱子重得很。◆He weighed himself on the bathroom scales.他在浴室磅秤上称体重。■pressure [uncountable, countable] the force or weight with which sth presses against sth else; the force produced by a particular amount of gas or liquid in an enclosed space压力；压强◆The nurse applied pressure to his arm to stop the bleeding.护士压住他的胳膊止血。◆The door swung open beneath the gentle pressure of Jill's hand.吉尔用手轻轻一推，门就开了。◆air / water pressure气压；水压◆Check the tyre pressure(= the amount of air in a tyre) regularly.要定期检查轮胎气压。◆She suffers from high blood pressure.她有高血压。▸press
verb
[transitive, intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition总是与副词或介词连用) ◆She pressed her lips together.她紧抿着双唇。◆He pressed up closer against the wall.他往墙上贴得更紧了。■strain [uncountable, countable] (oftendisapproving) the pressure that is put on sth when a physical force stretches, pushes or pulls it, especially when this pressure is too great（尤指过强的）拉力，压力，张力◆The rope broke under the strain.绳子拉断了。◆You should try not to place too much strain on muscles and joints.你应尽量不要让肌肉和关节太受力。▸strain
verb
[intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition总是与副词或介词连用) ◆The dogs were straining at the leash.几条狗用力拽着皮带。■stress [uncountable, countable] pressure put on sth that can damage it or make it lose its shape压力；应力；承受力◆When you have an injury you start putting stress on other parts of your body.一旦受伤，你就会让身体其他部位受力。◆a stress fracture of the foot(= one caused by such pressure)足部应力骨折◆Engineers calculated the stresses borne by each of the bridge supports.工程师计算出桥的每根支柱所承受的压力。NOTE辨析 Pressure, strain or stress?Pressure can be heavy, firm, gentle or light. Strain and stress usually suggest that there is too much pressure. Strain is used especially when things are pulled or stretched. Pressure and stress are used more when things are pressed. Stress is often used to talk about pressure on parts of the body, or in buildings and other structures. * pressure可以用heavy、firm、gentle或light形容。strain和stress通常指压力过大。strain尤指拉力或张力。pressure和stress较多指压力。stress常指身体部位、建筑物或其他结构的承受力。■load [countable, usually singular] the amount of weight that is pressing down on sth承载量；负荷◆Be careful not to demolish a load-bearing wall.小心别损坏承重墙。◆Modern backpacks spread the load over a wider area.新式背包把承重量分散在更大的面积上。■mass [uncountable] (physics物理) the quantity of material that sth contains质量◆calculating the mass of a planet计算一颗行星的质量ⓘ In non-technical language weight is used for this meaning.在非专业用语中，用weight表示此义。■density [countable, uncountable] (physics物理) how heavy a solid, liquid or gas is in relation to its size or volume（固体、液体或气体的）密度◆similar stars of the same mass and density质量和密度相同的类似恒星◆Vitamin D deficiency causes a loss of bone density.缺乏维生素D会导致骨密度下降。ⓘ Density is measured by dividing the mass of sth by its volume. * density等于质量除以体积。
pressure1
noun
the pressures of work工作压力the pressure to conform守规矩的要求pressure ♦︎ stress ♦︎ tension ♦︎ strain ♦︎ demands ♦︎ heatThese are all words for the feelings of anxiety caused by the problems in sb's life.这些词均表示生活的压力、紧张。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to be under pressure / stress / strain◆pressure / stress / demands / heat on sb◆considerable pressure / stress / tension / strain / demands◆social / economic / financial pressure / stress / demands◆to cause stress / tension / strain◆to cope with the pressure / stress / tension / strain / demands◆to deal with / handle the pressure / stress / tension / demands◆to relieve / release the pressure / stress / tension / strain◆to feel the pressure / tension / strain / heat◆to take the pressure / strain / heat◆to suffer from stress / tension■pressure [uncountable] ( pressures [plural]) difficulties and feelings of anxiety that are caused by the need to achieve sth or to behave in a particular way心理压力；紧张◆She was unable to attend because of the pressure of work.由于工作紧张，她不能出席。◆How can anyone enjoy the pressures of city life?怎么会有人喜欢都市生活的压力呢？ see also under pressure ⇨ tense■stress [uncountable, countable, usually plural] pressure or anxiety caused by the problems in sb's life精神压力；心理负担；紧张◆emotional / mental stress情绪／精神压力◆stress-related illnesses与精神压力有关的疾病◆Stress is often a factor in the development of long-term sickness.压力常常是患上慢性病的一个原因。◆She failed to withstand the stresses and strains of public life.她忍受不了公众人物生活的紧张和压力。 see also stressful ⇨ stressful, stressed ⇨ tenseNOTE辨析 Pressure or stress?It is common to say that sb is suffering from stress; pressure may be the thing that causes stress.经常说suffer from stress，pressure也许是引发stress的原因。■tension [uncountable, countable, usually plural] a feeling of anxiety and stress that makes it impossible to relax（情绪上的）紧张，烦躁◆She was suffering from nervous tension.她当时神经紧张。◆Walking and swimming are excellent for releasing tensions.散步和游泳能很好地放松紧张情绪。 see also tense ⇨ stressful, tense ⇨ tense■strain [uncountable, countable] pressure on sb/sth because they have too much to do or manage; the problems, worry or anxiety that this produces压力；重负；重压之下出现的问题（或担忧、焦虑）◆Their marriage is under great strain at the moment.眼下他们的婚姻关系非常紧张。◆These repayments are putting a strain on our finances.偿还这些债务对我们的财务状况造成压力。◆Relax, and let us take the strain(= do things for you).别担心，我们来帮你分担一下压力。 see also strained ⇨ stressful, strained ⇨ tense■demands [plural] things that sb/sth makes you do, especially things that are difficult or make you tired or worried（尤指困难或使人劳累、令人烦恼的）要求◆the demands of children / work照顾孩子／工作中的累人的事◆Flying makes enormous demands on pilots.飞行驾驶对飞行员要求很高。■heat [uncountable] (ratherinformal, especially journalism尤用于新闻) pressure on sb to do or achieve sth压力；逼迫◆The heat is on now that the election is only a week away.离选举只有一个星期了，大家开始感觉到有压力了。◆Can she take the heat of this level of competition?她承受得了这种水平的比赛的压力吗？