| 例句 |
understand verb
⇨ understand 1 (understand French/how sth works) ⇨ understand 2 (understand how sb feels) ⇨ agree 3 (I thought it was understood that I would be paid.) ⇨ conclude (Am I to understand that you refuse?)understand1 verb understand French/how sth works 懂法语；知道某事物如何运行understand how sb feels 了解某人的感觉understand ♦︎ see ♦︎ get ♦︎ follow ♦︎ grasp ♦︎ comprehend ♦︎ catch on ♦︎ take sth inThese words all mean to know or realize sth, for example why sth happens, how sth works or what sth means. 这些词均表示懂得、理解、明白。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to understand / see / get / follow / grasp / comprehend / catch on to / take in what / why / how...◆to understand / see / grasp / comprehend / take in that...◆to understand / get / grasp / take in the meaning (of sth)◆to understand / see / get / grasp the point / idea (of sth)◆to understand / grasp a concept / principle◆to understand / follow the instructions◆can / can't understand / see / follow / grasp / comprehend / take in sth◆to try to understand / see / follow / grasp / comprehend / take in sth◆to begin to understand / see / grasp / comprehend / take in sth◆to be easy / difficult / hard to understand / see / follow / grasp / comprehend / take in◆to easily understand / see / grasp / comprehend◆to (not) quite understand / see / get / follow / grasp sth◆to fully understand / see / grasp / comprehend / take in sth■ understand (understood, understood) [transitive, intransitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to know or realize the meaning of words, a language, what sb says, etc.; to know or realize how or why sth happens, how it works or why it is important 懂，理解，领会（词义、语言、话语等）；了解，明白（事情如何或为何发生、如何起作用或为何重要等）◆Do you understand French?你懂法语吗？◆He couldn't understand what she was saying.他弄不懂她在说些什么。◆Doctors still don't understand much about the disease.医生对这种疾病还不太了解。◆The disease is still not fully understood.对这种疾病的了解还不充分。◆I could never understand why she was fired.我怎么也不明白她为何被解雇。◆I just don't understand!我就是想不通！◆I don't want you doing that again. Do you understand?我不许你再那样做，听明白了吗？OPP misunderstand ⇨ misunderstand ■ see (saw, seen) [intransitive, transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) (especially spoken) to understand what is happening, what sb is saying, how sth works or how important sth is 理解，明白，领会（正在发生的事、某人的话、某事物如何起作用或有多重要）◆'It opens like this.' 'Oh, I see.'“这样就打开了。”“哦，我明白了。”◆You see, she only heard about the plan yesterday.要知道，她昨天才得知这个计划。◆I don't think she saw the point of the story.我觉得她没有领会故事的中心意思。◆Oh yes, I see what you mean.噢，我明白你的意思了。◆Can't you see that he's taking advantage of you?他在利用你，难道你看不出来？■ get [transitive] (getting, got, got; NAmE spoken getting, got, gotten) [no passive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) (informal, especially spoken) to understand a joke, what sb is trying to tell you, or a situation that they are trying to describe 理解，明白（笑话、某人试图告知的事或描述的情况）◆She didn't get the joke.她没听懂那笑话。◆I don't get you.我不懂你的意思。◆I don't get it－why would she do a thing like that?我不明白，她怎么会干那种事？◆I get the message－you don't want me to come.我懂你的意思了，你是不希望我来。■ follow [intransitive, transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to understand an explanation, a story or the meaning of sth 理解，明白（说明、故事或意思）◆Sorry－I don't quite follow.对不起，我不太明白。◆I don't follow you.我听不懂你的话。◆The plot is almost impossible to follow.故事情节几乎叫人不明所以。■ grasp /grɑːsp; NAmE græsp/ [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to come to understand a fact, an idea or how to do sth 认识到，理解，领会（事实、想法或如何做某事）◆They failed to grasp the importance of his words.他们没能理解他的话的重要性。◆She was unable to grasp how to do it.她没弄明白这事该怎么做。NOTE 辨析 Understand or grasp?You can use understand or grasp for the action of realizing the meaning or importance of sth for the first time. 第一次意识到某事的意义或重要性可用understand或grasp◆It's a difficult concept for children to understand / grasp.对孩子来说，这是个很难理解的概念。For the state of knowing the meaning or importance of sth, use understand or have grasped. 表示对某事的意义或重要性已有所认识可用understand或have grasped◆By this time, engineers understood / had grasped the basic principles of aerodynamics.那时候，工程师已经掌握了空气动力学的基本原理。◆By this time, engineers grasped the basic principles... Only understand can be used to talk about languages, words or writing. 只有understand可指理解语言、词义或文章等◆I don't grasp French/the instructions. ■ comprehend /ˌkɒmprɪˈhend; NAmE ˌkɑːmprɪˈhend/ [transitive, intransitive] (not used in the progressive tenses; often used in negative statements 不用于进行时，常用于否定陈述) (formal) to understand a fact, idea or reason 理解，领悟，明白（事实、想法或原因）◆The concept of infinity is almost impossible for the human mind to comprehend.“无穷”这个概念几乎是人类的大脑无法理解的。◆He stood staring at the body, unable to comprehend.他站在那里，盯着那具尸体，弄不明白是怎么回事。■ ˌcatch ˈon phrasal verb (caught, caught) (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) (informal, especially spoken) to come to understand a situation 弄明白；搞清楚◆She still didn't catch on, even after all those hints.给了那么多暗示，她竟然还是没弄懂。◆He finally caught on to what was going on.他终于明白了正在发生的事。■ ˌtake sth ˈin phrasal verb (took, taken) (often used in negative statements 常用于否定陈述) to understand and remember sth that you hear or read 理解并记住（听到或读到的东西）◆I realized I was reading without taking anything in.我意识到我什么都没读懂。 understand2 verb understand French/how sth works 懂法语；知道某事物如何运行understand how sb feels 了解某人的感觉understand ♦︎ relate to sb/sth ♦︎ identify with sb/sth ♦︎ empathizeThese words all mean to know, realize or share what sb else feels or experiences. 这些词均表示了解、谅解、同情。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to try to understand / relate to / identify with / empathize (with) (sb / sth)◆to be able / unable to understand / relate to / identify with / empathize (with) (sb / sth)◆I, you, he, etc. can / could understand / relate to / identify with / empathize with sb / sth◆It's easy / difficult / hard to understand / relate to / identify with / empathize (with) (sb / sth)◆to really / totally understand / relate to / identify with / empathize (with) (sb / sth)◆to easily understand / relate to / identify with (sb / sth)■ understand (understood, understood) [transitive, intransitive] to know sb's character, how they feel and why they behave in the way they do 了解；谅解；体谅◆Nobody understands me.没有人了解我。◆He doesn't understand women at all.他根本就不了解女性。◆They understand what I have been through.他们对我的遭遇很同情。◆If you want to leave early, I'm sure he'll understand.如果你想早点离开，我相信他会体谅的。 see also understanding ⇨ sensitive 1 ■ reˈlate to sb/sth phrasal verb to be able to understand and have sympathy with sb/sth 理解并同情；认同；体恤◆Many adults can't relate to children.许多成年人并不了解儿童的想法。◆Our product needs an image that people can relate to.我们的产品需要一个大众能认同的形象。■ iˈdentify with sb/sth phrasal verb to feel that you can understand and share the feelings of sb else, especially because you feel that you are similar to them or are in a similar situation 与⋯产生共鸣；感同身受◆I didn't enjoy the book because I couldn't identify with any of the main characters.我不喜欢这本书，因为我无法与其中的任何主要角色产生共鸣。NOTE 辨析 Relate to sb/sth or identify with sb/sth? Relate to sb/sth is often used to talk about personal relationships. It can describe how successful a relationship is, for example between teacher and student, parent and child, boss and employee, etc. * relate to sb/sth常用来谈论人际关系，可形容某种关系是多么融洽，如师生间、亲子间、老板与雇员间的关系等◆He's a successful and popular teacher because he really relates to the children.他是个成功且受欢迎的教师，因为他确实了解孩子们的想法。If you identify with sb, you feel that you are similar to them in some way or that you have shared the same experiences. It often describes people's positive feelings towards characters in a book or film or famous people such as writers or actors. * identify with sb表示你觉得自己在某种程度上与某人相似或者有相同的经历，常用以描述人们对书或电影中的人物或作家、演员之类的名人所怀有的正面感情◆Which character do you identify with most, the father or his son?你和里面哪个人物最能产生共鸣，父亲还是儿子？ ■ empathize (BrE also empathise) / /ˈempəθaɪz/ / [intransitive] to understand another person's feelings and experiences, especially because you can imagine yourself in a similar situation 有同感；产生共鸣◆A glamorous 20-year-old stylist is unlikely to empathize with a working mother of three.一个光鲜的20岁发型师是不可能跟一名有三个孩子的在职母亲产生共鸣的。 see also empathy ⇨ bond , sympathize ⇨ sorry for sb agree3 verb 'That's true,' she agreed. “是这样的。”她表示同意。agree to a proposal 应允一个提议agree a price 商定一个价格agree ♦︎ negotiate ♦︎ conclude ♦︎ settle ♦︎ hammer sth out ♦︎ thrash sth out ♦︎ broker ♦︎ understandThese words all mean to arrange the final details of a plan or agreement. 这些词均表示商定、确定。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to agree / negotiate / conclude / settle / hammer out / thrash out / broker sth with sb◆to agree sth / negotiate sth / conclude sth / settle sth / hammer sth out / broker sth / be understood between A and B◆to agree / be understood that...◆to agree / negotiate / conclude / settle / hammer out / broker a deal◆to negotiate / conclude / hammer out / thrash out / broker an agreement◆to agree / negotiate / hammer out / thrash out / broker a plan◆to agree / negotiate / hammer out / broker a compromise◆to agree / negotiate / settle / hammer out / thrash out the details of sth◆to agree / negotiate / settle / thrash out terms◆to agree / negotiate / conclude / broker a settlement / ceasefire◆to agree / negotiate / conclude a contract / truce / pact■ agree [transitive, intransitive] to decide with sb else to do sth or have sth 商定；约定◆Have you agreed on a date?你们确定日期了吗？◆Can we agree a price?我们可不可以商定一个价格？◆We agreed to meet on Thursday.我们约定周四见面。◆We couldn't agree what to do.究竟该怎么做，我们意见不一。◆They left at ten, as agreed.他们依约在10点钟离去。■ negotiate / /nɪˈgəʊʃieɪt; NAmE nɪˈgoʊʃieɪt/ [transitive] to arrange or agree the details of sth by formal discussion （正式）商定；达成（协议）◆Rents are individually negotiated between landlord and tenant.房租由房东和房客单独商定。◆We successfully negotiated the release of the hostages.我们成功地达成了释放人质的协议。■ conclude /kənˈkluːd/ / [transitive] (rather formal) to formally arrange the final details of an agreement with sb 达成，缔结（协定）◆They concluded a treaty with Turkey.他们与土耳其缔结了一项条约。◆A trade agreement was concluded between the two countries.两国签署了贸易协定。■ settle [transitive] to finally arrange the details of a plan or some business （最终）确定，安排好◆It's all settled－we're leaving on the nine o'clock plane.一切都定下来了－我们乘9点的航班走。◆He had to settle his affairs (= arrange all his personal business) in Paris before he could return home.他得把在巴黎的事情料理好才能回家。■ ˌhammer sth ˈout phrasal verb (rather informal) to discuss a plan or idea until everyone agrees or a decision is made （充分讨论后）敲定，商定◆He failed to hammer out a deal with the team boss.他没能和队里的头儿谈出什么结果。■ ˌthrash sth ˈout phrasal verb (rather informal) to discuss a situation or problem thoroughly until everyone agrees or a solution is found 反复讨论出（一致意见）；充分研讨出（解决方法）◆The details have not been thrashed out yet.反复讨论之后，细节还是没定下来。■ broker [transitive] (rather formal) to arrange the details of an agreement, especially between different countries （尤指两国之间）协商（协议细节）◆A peace plan was brokered by the UN.和平方案由联合国出面协商达成了。■ understand [transitive, usually passive] to agree sth with sb without it needing to be said 默认；默许；不言而喻◆I thought it was understood that my expenses would be paid.我原以为对方已同意支付我的费用。 conclude verb conclude ♦︎ understand ♦︎ figure ♦︎ infer ♦︎ deduce ♦︎ gather ♦︎ reason ♦︎ read sth into sthThese words all mean to decide or believe sth according to the evidence or information that you have. 这些词均表示根据已有证据或信息认定、推断、推论。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to conclude / understand / figure / infer / deduce / gather / reason from sth◆to conclude / understand / figure / infer / deduce / gather sth about sth◆to conclude / understand / figure / infer / deduce / gather / reason that...◆to figure / deduce what / how / who / why...◆It is concluded / understood / inferred / deduced / reasoned that...◆It can be concluded / inferred / deduced that...■ conclude [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to decide or believe sth on the basis of the information that you have 断定；推断出；得出结论◆What do you conclude from that?你从中得出什么结论？◆The report concluded that the cheapest option was to close the laboratory.这份报告认为最省钱的做法是关闭实验室。■ understand (understood, understood) [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) (rather formal) to think or believe that sth is true because you have been told that it is 得知；据信；认为◆Am I to understand that you refuse?你的意思是你拒绝了？◆The prime minister is understood to have been extremely angry about the report.据说首相对这份报告大为恼火。 see also understanding ⇨ definition ■ figure [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) (rather informal) to think or decide that sth will happen or is true 认为，认定（某事将发生或属实）◆I figured (that) if I took the night train, I could be in Scotland by morning.我认为，如果我坐夜班火车，早上就可以到苏格兰。◆There was only one thing to do, he figured.他认为只有一件事可以做。■ infer / /ɪnˈfɜː(r)/ / (-rr-) [transitive] (not usually used in the progressive tenses 通常不用于进行时) to form an opinion or decide that sth is true using evidence and reasoning, not statements of fact 推断；推论；推理◆Much of the meaning can be inferred from the context.大部分含义可以从上下文中推断。◆It is reasonable to infer that the government knew all about this.有理由推想政府对所有这一切是知情的。■ deduce /dɪˈdjuːs; NAmE dɪˈduːs/ [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to find out a fact or the answer to a question using evidence and reasoning 推论；推断；演绎◆We can deduce a lot from what people spend their money on.我们可以从人们把钱花在什么地方推断出许多事情。NOTE 辨析 Infer or deduce?In many cases, you can use either of these words, but there can be a slight difference in meaning: sth that you infer is probably true, considering the evidence available; sth that you deduce logically has to be true, considering the facts. 在许多情况下这两个词可通用，但意思略有不同：infer是根据现有证据推断某事可能属实；deduce是根据事实从逻辑上推断某事必然如此。■ gather [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) (rather informal, especially spoken) to think or believe that sth is true because you have been told that it is 得知；据信；认为◆I gather you wanted to see me.我猜你想见我。◆'There's been a delay.' 'So I gather.'“已经耽搁了。”“我也这么认为。”◆As far as I can gather, he got involved in a fight.据我了解，他卷入了一场斗争。◆From what they could gather, there had been some kind of problem back at the base.从他们了解的情况看，事情的根源出了点问题。NOTE 辨析 Understand or gather?Both of these words are often used in spoken English, but understand is more formal than gather. Gather can suggest greater activity than understand: what you understand is what you have been told, usually without asking; what you gather is either what you have been told, or what you have found out by asking people. Gather, but not understand, is often used with can/could. 这两个词均常用于口语，但understand比gather正式。相比understand，gather意味着付出更多的努力才得知信息：understand表示所知悉的情况是别人告知的，通常不用主动询问；gather表示所知悉的情况可能是别人告知的，也可能是主动打听到的。gather，而非understand，常和can/could连用◆As far as I can understand... ◆From what they could understand... ■ reason [transitive, intransitive] to form a judgement about sth by considering the facts and using your power to think in a logical way 推理；推论；推断◆They reasoned, correctly, that the enemy would not attempt an attack at night.他们作出了正确推断，敌人不会企图发动夜袭。 see also reason ⇨ reason noun , reasoned ⇨ rational , reasoning ⇨ reasoning ■ ˌread sth ˈinto sth phrasal verb (read, read)to conclude that sth has a particular meaning, especially when you think it means more than it really does 过度解读；对⋯作过多理解◆Yes, he's going over to talk to her, but don't read too much into it.是的，他要过去和她谈谈，但不要想太多。 |