| 例句 |
support verb
⇨ support 1 (support a party) ⇨ support 2 (The platform is supported by concrete pillars.) ⇨ confirm 1 (support a theory) ⇨ fund (support sth financially) ⇨ help 1 (The organization supports people with AIDS.) ⇨ provide for sb (support a family)support noun
⇨ evidence (support for a theory) ⇨ help (emotional/moral support) ⇨ post (the supports under the bridge)support1 verb support a party/policy 拥护一个政党／政策support the weight of sth 支撑某物的重量 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ in favour 另见in favour条support ♦︎ vote ♦︎ back ♦︎ stand for sth ♦︎ second ♦︎ champion ♦︎ side with sbThese words all mean to help or encourage a person, idea, policy, etc. by saying that you agree with them/it. 这些词均表示支持、拥护。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to support / vote for / back / side with sb in sth◆to vote / side with sb against sb / sth◆to support / back / stand for / champion an idea◆to support / vote for / back / champion a measure◆to support / back / champion reform◆to support / vote for / back / second a proposal / plan / motion / resolution◆to support / vote for / back a move / scheme◆to support / back / champion a cause◆to support / back / stand for a policy◆to openly / publicly support / back / side with sb / sth◆to overwhelmingly / unanimously support / vote for / back sth■ support [transitive] to help or encourage sb/sth by saying or showing that you agree with them/it 支持；拥护；鼓励◆If you raise it at the meeting, I'll support you.如果你在会上提出这个问题，我将支持你。◆These measures are strongly supported by environmental groups.这些措施得到环保组织的大力支持。OPP oppose ⇨ oppose see also advocate ⇨ recommend 1 ▸ support noun [uncountable] ◆There is strong public support for the change.公众大力支持这一变革。◆Only a few people spoke in support of the proposal.只有几个人发言支持这一提议。◆The idea has met with widespread support.这个观点已得到广泛支持。■ vote [intransitive, transitive] to show formally by marking a paper or raising your hand which person you want to win an election, or which plan or idea you agree with 投票；表决；选举◆They all voted for the new tax.他们都投票赞成这个新税项。◆Over 60% of members voted in favour of the motion.60%以上的成员对这一动议投了赞成票。◆We'll listen to the arguments on both sides and then vote on it.我们将先听取双方的论点，然后再表决。◆We voted Democrat in the last election.上次选举我们投了民主党的票。■ back [transitive] to give help or support to sb/sth 帮助；支持◆Her parents backed her in her choice of career.她父母支持她的职业选择。◆Doctors have backed plans to raise tax on cigarettes.医生们对提高烟草税的计划给予了支持。ⓘ Back is often used when it is sb in an influential, powerful or more senior position who is giving their support. * back常指有影响力、有权力或职位更高的人给予支持。▸ backing noun [uncountable] ◆The police gave the proposals their full backing.警方对这些提案给予了全力支持。 see also backing ⇨ investment ■ ˈstand for sth phrasal verb (stood, stood)(especially of an organization) to support a particular idea, belief or policy （尤指组织）支持，主张（某种观点、信仰或政策）◆I hated the organization and all it stood for (= the ideas that it supported).我讨厌那个组织，也讨厌它的一切主张。■ second [transitive] to state officially at a meeting that you support another person's suggestion so that it can be discussed and/or voted on （会议中）支持，赞成（建议）；附议◆Any proposal must be seconded by two other members of the committee.任何提案都必须有其他两位委员附议。 see also propose ⇨ propose ■ champion [transitive] to fight for or speak in support of a group of people or a belief 为⋯而斗争；捍卫；声援◆He has always championed the cause of gay rights.他一直在为争取同性恋者的权利而斗争。■ ˈside with sb phrasal verb to support one person or group in an argument against sb else 支持某人，和某人站在一起（反对⋯）◆The kids always sided with their mother against me.孩子们总是和妈妈站在一起，跟我唱对台戏。 support2 verb support a party/policy 拥护一个政党／政策support the weight of sth 支撑某物的重量support ♦︎ hold sb/sth up ♦︎ bear ♦︎ hold ♦︎ prop sth up ♦︎ carryThese words all mean to hold sth in position so that it does not fall. 这些词均表示支撑、承载。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to support / bear / hold / carry the weight of sb / sth■ support [transitive] to hold sb/sth in position; to prevent sb/sth from falling 支撑；支承；支护◆The platform is supported by concrete pillars.这个平台是用混凝土支柱来支撑的。◆Support the baby's head when you hold her.你抱婴儿时要托着她的头。◆She walked carefully down the stairs, supported by her grandson.她在孙儿的搀扶下小心地走下楼梯。▸ support noun [uncountable] ◆She held on to his arm for support.她抓住他的胳膊以免摔倒。 see also support ⇨ post noun ■ hold sb/sth ˈup phrasal verb (held, held) [often passive] to support or raise sb/sth and stop them from falling 搀扶；支撑；举起；抬起◆His baggy grey trousers were held up with a piece of string.他那宽松的灰裤子靠一根带子系着。◆He held up his hands (= raised his arms) in a gesture of innocence.他举起双手，做了一个表示无辜的姿势。■ bear (bore, borne) [transitive] (rather formal) to support the weight of sb/sth 支撑；承受（重量）◆The ground was too soft to bear his weight.地面太软，承受不住他的重量。■ hold [transitive] (held, held)to support the weight of sb/sth 支撑；承受（重量）◆I don't think that branch will hold your weight.我觉得那根树枝撑不住你的重量。NOTE 辨析 Bear or hold?These words have the same meaning, but bear is slightly more formal. Bear can also be used figuratively, but hold is not used in this way. 这两个词含义相同，但bear稍正式些。bear也可用于比喻，hold则不这样用◆ (figurative) He seemed unable to bear the weight of his reponsibility.他似乎承担不了这种重任。◆He seemed unable to hold the weight of his responsibility. ■ prop sth ˈup phrasal verb (-pp-)to prevent sth from falling by putting sth under it to support it 撑起；支起◆They had to prop up the tree with long poles under the branches.他们得用一些长杆子支在树枝的下面把树撑起。■ carry [transitive] to support the weight of sth, especially sth that is moving 支撑，承载（尤指移动的物体）◆A road bridge has to carry a lot of traffic.公路桥必须承载很多来往车辆。 confirm1 verb His guilty expression confirmed my suspicions. 他内疚的表情证实了我的猜疑。Can you confirm what happened? 你能为发生的事作证吗？The walk in the mountains confirmed his fear of heights. 在山里步行使他确信自己有恐高症。confirm ♦︎ support ♦︎ bear witness ♦︎ substantiate ♦︎ validate ♦︎ evidence ♦︎ corroborate ♦︎ authenticate ♦︎ testify to sthThese words all mean to provide evidence to help prove that sth is true. 这些词均表示提供证据证实、证明。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to confirm / validate / authenticate sth as sth◆to bear witness / testify to sth◆to confirm / support / substantiate / corroborate what...◆to confirm / support / substantiate / validate / corroborate / authenticate a claim◆to confirm / support / substantiate / validate / corroborate a theory◆to confirm / support / substantiate / validate an argument◆to confirm / support / substantiate / corroborate a story◆to confirm / support / substantiate a point◆to confirm / support / corroborate a statement■ confirm [transitive] to show that a guess or theory is definitely true or correct 证实，证明，确认（猜测或理论）◆His guilty expression confirmed my suspicions.他内疚的表情证实了我的猜疑。◆The results confirm the findings of our earlier research.这些结果证实了我们先前的研究发现。 OPP disprove , refute ⇨ disprove ■ support [transitive] to help to show that a claim or theory is true or correct 帮助证实；（为说法或理论）提供依据◆The witness's story was not supported by the evidence.目击者的叙述与证据不符。 see also support ⇨ evidence noun ■ bear ˈwitness idiom (bore, borne) (rather formal, written) to provide evidence of the existence or truth of a feeling, quality or situation （为感觉、品质或情况）作证；证明◆The crowd of mourners at his funeral bore witness to the great affection in which he was held.葬礼上默哀的人群见证了他生前受到的爱戴。■ substantiate / /səbˈstænʃieɪt/ / [transitive] (formal) to provide evidence to prove that a claim or theory is true 证实，证明（陈述或理论）◆They made accusations which could not be substantiated.他们提出的指控无法证实。■ validate / /ˈvælɪdeɪt/ / [transitive] (formal) to prove that a claim or theory is true 证实，确认，确证（主张或理论）◆The research findings do not validate the claims made by the manufacturer.这些研究结果不能证实制造商的说法。NOTE 辨析 Substantiate or validate? Substantiate emphasizes the substance (= evidence) behind the claims; validate emphasizes the validity (= truth or rightness) of the claim. Validate is used especially about matters of reason or logic, with words like theory, argument and claim (especially when it is sb's claim to have a right to sth). Substantiate can also be used in this way, but it can also be used about matters of fact, with words like story and claim, when it is a claim about a fact. * substantiate强调支持主张的证据(substance)，validate强调主张的真实性或正当性(validity)。validate尤指证明原因是否充分或逻辑上是否成立，与theory、argument、claim等词搭配（此处claim尤指权利主张）。substantiate也有这个用法，但还可以指证明是否属实，与story、claim等词搭配（此处claim指事实陈述）。■ evidence [transitive, usually passive] (formal) to be evidence of sth, especially of a general fact about sth, or a trend (= a general direction in which a situation is changing or developing) 作为（一般事实或趋势等）的证据◆The legal profession is still a largely male world, as evidenced by the small number of women judges.法律界在很大程度上仍然是男人的世界，这一点从女法官的人数屈指可数即可得到证实。 see also evidence ⇨ evidence noun ■ corroborate / /kəˈrɒbəreɪt; NAmE kəˈrɑːbəreɪt/ [transitive, often passive] (formal) to provide evidence that supports a claim or theory, especially when sb has been accused of doing sth wrong （尤指某人被控做错事时）证实，确证（陈述或理论）◆Complaints will be investigated only if there is some corroborating evidence.只有掌握确凿证据时才会对投诉进行调查。■ authenticate /ɔːˈθentɪkeɪt/ / [transitive] (rather formal) to prove that sth such as a document is genuine, real or true 证明（文件等）是真实的；证实（为真迹）◆Experts have authenticated the writing as that of Byron himself.专家已鉴定这字迹是拜伦的亲笔。■ ˈtestify to sth phrasal verb (formal) to be considered as strong evidence that sth is true 作为⋯的明证；表明；说明◆The film testifies to the courage of ordinary people during the war.这部电影表明了老百姓在战争时期的英勇。 fund verb fund ♦︎ support ♦︎ finance ♦︎ sponsor ♦︎ guarantee ♦︎ subsidize ♦︎ underwrite ♦︎ endow ♦︎ bankrollThese words all mean to provide money for sb/sth in order to help them function or be successful. 这些词均表示资助、赞助、提供资金。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to fund / support / finance / sponsor / subsidize / underwrite / bankroll a project / programme◆to fund / support / finance / sponsor / underwrite / bankroll a campaign◆to fund / support / finance / sponsor / subsidize research◆sth is fully / properly funded / financed / guaranteed / underwritten◆sth is generously funded / supported / sponsored / endowed◆sth is poorly funded / supported / financed / endowed◆sth is privately funded / financed / sponsored / endowed◆sth is publicly funded / financed / sponsored / subsidized■ fund [transitive] to provide money for sth, often sth official that continues over a long period 为⋯提供资金；拨款给◆There is an annual dance festival funded by the Arts Council.有一个由艺术委员会资助的一年一度的舞蹈节。◆She used the stolen money to fund her extravagant lifestyle.她大肆挥霍偷来的钱。 see also funding ⇨ investment , funds ⇨ money 1 ■ support [transitive] to provide money for sth in order to help it to be successful 资助；赞助◆Several major companies are supporting the project.几家大公司在资助这个项目。▸ support noun [uncountable] ◆Local businesses have provided financial support.当地企业提供了财政资助。■ finance [transitive] to provide money for sth 为⋯提供资金◆The building project will be financed by the government and by public donations.这个建筑项目将由政府和公众捐款提供资金。◆He took a job to finance his stay in Germany.他找了一份工作以支付在德国的生活费。 see also finance ⇨ money 1 NOTE 辨析 Fund or finance?These two words are very similar, but fund is used more than finance for programmes or projects that continue or are repeated year after year. 这两个词意义非常相近，但指资助年复一年持续或重复的项目时，fund较finance用得多。■ sponsor / /ˈspɒnsə(r); NAmE ˈspɑːnsər/ [transitive](of a company, etc.) to pay the costs of a particular event or programme as a way of advertising; to support sb by paying for their training or education （公司等为了宣传）赞助（活动或节目）；资助（某人的培训或教育）◆Many sports events on TV used to be sponsored by the tobacco industry.过去许多电视上播放的体育赛事常常由烟草商赞助。◆She found a company to sponsor her through college.她找到一家愿意资助她读完大学的公司。 see also sponsor ⇨ sponsor noun , sponsorship ⇨ investment ■ guarantee /ˌgærənˈtiː/ / [transitive] (finance 金融) to agree to be legally responsible for repaying an amount of money if the person who owes it fails to repay it 承诺为⋯作保◆His father agreed to guarantee the bank loan.他父亲同意为那笔银行贷款作保。■ subsidize (BrE also subsidise) [transitive] to give part of the money that a person or organization needs in order to reduce their costs or prices 资助；补助；津贴◆The housing projects are subsidized by the government.这些住房工程得到了政府的补贴。◆She's not prepared to subsidize his gambling any longer.她再也不愿拿钱供他去赌博了。 see also subsidy ⇨ investment ■ underwrite / /ˌʌndəˈraɪt; NAmE ˌʌndərˈraɪt/ (underwrote, underwritten) [transitive] (finance 金融) to accept financial responsibility for a project or event so that you will pay for special costs or for losses it may make 承担经济责任（包括支付特别费用或损失）◆The British government ended up underwriting the entire project.结果整个项目的费用都由英国政府承担。◆The record company may underwrite the costs of a band's first tour.唱片公司可以承担乐队首次巡回演出的费用。■ endow /ɪnˈdaʊ/ / [transitive] to give a large amount of money to a school, college or other institution to provide it with an income, often to be used for a particular purpose （向学校、大学或其他机构）捐钱，捐赠，资助（常作特定用途）◆In her will, she endowed a scholarship in the physics department.她在遗嘱里给物理学系捐赠了一笔奖学金。 see also endowment ⇨ investment ■ bankroll /ˈbæŋkrəʊl; NAmE ˈbæŋkroʊl/ [transitive] (especially NAmE, rather informal) to support sb/sth financially 资助；为⋯提供资金◆They claimed his campaign had been bankrolled with drug money.他们声称他的竞选活动是由贩毒资金支持的。 help1 verb I was only trying to help. 我只是想帮忙。This should help reduce the pain. 这个应有助于缓解疼痛。help ♦︎ assist ♦︎ support ♦︎ cooperate ♦︎ help (sb) out ♦︎ aid ♦︎ aid and abet ♦︎ lend (sb) a hand ♦︎ be of serviceThese words all mean to make it easier or possible for sb to do sth by doing sth for them or by giving them sth that they need. 这些词均表示帮助、协助、援助。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to help / assist / help out / lend a hand with sth◆to help / assist / support / cooperate / aid (sb) in sth◆to help / assist / cooperate / aid (sb) in doing sth◆to help / assist / aid (sb) to do sth◆to be greatly / considerably helped / assisted / aided◆to actively help / assist / support / cooperate with sb / sth◆to be ably assisted / supported by sb■ help [intransitive, transitive] to make it easier or possible for sb to do sth by doing sth for them or by giving them sth that they need 帮助；协助；援助◆Help, I'm stuck.帮帮忙，我被卡住了。◆I was only trying to help.我只是想帮忙。◆He always helps with the housework.他总是帮着做家务。◆I need contacts that could help in finding a job.我需要能帮我找到工作的社会关系。◆We must all try and help each other.我们都必须努力互相帮助。◆Jo will help us with some of the organization.乔将帮我们做一些组织工作。◆She helped (to) organize the party.她协助筹备了聚会。■ assist [transitive, intransitive] (rather formal, especially written) to make it easier or possible for sb to do sth by doing sth for them 帮助；协助◆We'll do all we can to assist you.我们会尽量帮你。◆The play was directed by Mike Johnson, assisted by Sharon Gale.该剧由迈克•约翰逊导演，沙伦•盖尔为导演助理。◆Anyone willing to assist can contact this number.凡有意提供帮助的人可以拨打此号码联系。■ support [transitive] to give or be ready to give help to sb if they need it, especially by being kind to them in a difficult or unhappy situation 帮助，援助，关怀（尤指身处困境的人）◆She supported her husband through many difficult times.她陪伴丈夫渡过了许多难关。◆The organization supports people with AIDS.该组织为艾滋病患者提供帮助。■ cooperate (BrE also co-operate) /kəʊˈɒpəreɪt; NAmE koʊˈɑːpəreɪt/ [intransitive] to work together with sb else in order to achieve sth; to be helpful by doing what sb asks you to do 合作；协作；配合◆The two groups agreed to cooperate with each other.这两个小组同意相互协作。◆They had cooperated closely in the planning of the project.他们曾密切合作，共同规划这个项目。◆Their captors told them they would be killed unless they cooperated.囚禁他们的人说如果不配合就杀了他们。■ ˌhelp ˈout■ ˌhelp sb ˈout phrasal verb to help sb, especially in a difficult or busy situation 帮助解困（或解急）◆He's always willing to help out.他总是急人之难。◆When I bought the house, my sister helped me out with a loan.我买这所房子时，我姐姐借给我一笔钱救了急。■ aid [transitive] (rather formal, written) to help sb to do sth, especially by making it easier 帮助；援助◆Each group is aided by a tutor or consultant.每个组都能得到导师或顾问的帮助。◆They were accused of aiding him in his escape.他们被控协助他逃跑。■ ˌaid and aˈbet idiom (-tt-) (law 法律 or humorous) to help sb to do sth illegal or wrong 协助和教唆（他人犯罪或犯错）◆He stands accused of aiding and abetting the bombing.他被控协助和教唆这起爆炸事件。◆His black mood receded, aided and abetted by two glasses of wine.两杯酒喝下去之后，他愤怒的情绪才得以平息。■ lend (sb) a ˈhand idiom (lent, lent) (rather informal) to help sb to do sth, often by doing practical things for them 帮助，援助，搭把手（常指做实事）◆I went over to see if I could lend a hand.我过去看看能不能帮上忙。◆I'll be there to lend him a hand with anything if required.我会去那儿看看能给他帮上什么忙。◆She's always ready to lend a helping hand.她总是随时乐意出手相助。■ be of ˈservice idiom (formal, spoken) to be useful or helpful 有用；有帮助◆Can I be of service to anyone?有谁需要我帮忙吗？◆Glad to be of service.很高兴能帮上忙。 provide for sb phrasal verb ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ serve 2 另见serve条第2义provide for sb ♦︎ support ♦︎ keep ♦︎ maintainThese words all mean to give sb/sth everything necessary to live or exist. 这些词均表示提供生活或生存所需。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to provide for / support / keep / maintain a / your family / children / wife / husband◆to provide for / support / keep / maintain yourself◆to support / maintain sb financially■ proˈvide for sb phrasal verb to give sb the things that they need to live, such as food, money and clothing 提供生活所需（如衣食和钱）◆Local authorities must do more to provide for children in need.地方政府必须更加努力为贫困儿童提供基本的生活保障。◆He provided for her in his will.他在遗嘱中为她提供了基本生活费用。■ support [transitive] to provide for sb financially over a period of time; to provide the money or conditions necessary for sth to exist or continue 资助；扶养；赡养；维持◆Mark has two children to support from his first marriage.马克得扶养他第一次婚姻所生的两个孩子。◆He turned to crime to support his drug habit.他为了维持吸毒的恶习走上了犯罪的道路。◆The atmosphere of Mars could not support life.生物无法在火星的大气环境中生存。▸ support noun [uncountable] ◆She has no visible means of support (= no work or income).她没有明确的生计来源。■ keep (kept, kept) [transitive] (BrE) to provide for sb financially over a period of time 供养；养活◆He scarcely earns enough to keep himself and his family.他挣的钱几乎不能养活他自己和家人。◆ (disapproving) I need to work－I can't go on being a kept man (= supported financially by, for example, my wife).我要工作－我不能一直靠别人养活。ⓘ In American English keep is only used in this meaning in the phrase a kept man/woman. 在美式英语中，keep的这个词义仅限用于短语a kept man/woman。▸ keep noun [uncountable] ◆It's about time you got a job to earn your keep.你该找个工作挣钱养活自己了。■ maintain [transitive] (rather formal) to provide for sb financially over a period of time 供养；养活◆Her income was barely enough to maintain one child, let alone three.她挣的钱几乎不够养活一个孩子，更别说三个了。▸ maintenance / /ˈmeɪntənəns/ / noun [uncountable] (BrE, law 法律) ◆He has to pay maintenance to his ex-wife.他必须付给前妻生活费。NOTE 辨析 Which word?You can provide for sb on a continuous basis, or by making one large payment that will give them enough to live on in the future. If you keep, support or maintain sb you provide for them on a continuous basis over a period of time. Support emphasizes the help that you give to sb; keep sometimes puts more emphasis on the fact that sb is unable or unwilling to provide for themselves, and can be disapproving. * provide for sb可指长期提供生活费，也可指一次性大笔付齐将来的生活费用。keep、support和maintain指长期提供生活费。support强调给予他人帮助，keep有时较强调某人不能或不愿意自食其力，因此可能带有贬义◆I don't want to be a kept woman.我不想成为靠别人养活的女人。 Maintain is less frequent and more formal. * maintain较少用，且较正式。 evidence noun evidence ♦︎ proof ♦︎ support ♦︎ testimony ♦︎ demonstrationThese are all words for the facts, signs or objects that make you believe that sth is true. 这些词均表示证据、证明。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆evidence / support for sth◆evidence / proof / testimony / a demonstration that...◆(a) clear / convincing evidence / proof / support / testimony / demonstration◆(a) conclusive evidence / proof / support / demonstration◆(an) ample / adequate evidence / proof / testimony / demonstration◆sufficient / good / direct evidence / proof / testimony◆to provide / give evidence / proof / support / testimony / a demonstration◆to find evidence / proof / support■ evidence [uncountable] the facts, signs or objects that make you believe that sth is true; the information that is used in court to try to prove sth 根据；证明；（法庭上的）证据◆Have you any evidence to support this allegation?你有没有证据证明这个指控？◆There is not a shred of evidence that the meeting actually took place.没有丝毫证据表明确实有过这次会面。◆A body of evidence emerged suggesting that smoking tobacco caused serious diseases.有大量证据表明吸烟引发严重疾病。◆On the evidence of their recent games, it is unlikely the Spanish team will win the cup.从西班牙队最近的比赛情况看，他们不太可能赢得杯赛冠军。◆I was asked to give evidence (= to say what I knew, describe what I had seen, etc.) at the trial.我被要求出庭作证。◆The jury heard evidence from 38 witnesses.陪审团听取了38名目击证人的证词。 see also evidence ⇨ confirm verb 1 ■ proof [uncountable, countable] facts or documents that show that sth is true 证据；证明◆There is no proof that the knife belonged to her.没有证据证明那把刀是她的。◆Can you provide any proof of identity?你能提供身份证明吗？◆Keep the receipt as proof of purchase.保存收据，作为购物凭证。◆These results are a further proof of his outstanding ability.这些成果进一步证实了他的杰出才干。 see also prove ⇨ show 1 NOTE 辨析 Evidence or proof? Evidence is what makes you believe that sth is true; proof shows that sth is true in a way that no one can argue against. * evidence指能使人确信某事属实的证据，proof指不容争辩的确凿证据。■ support [uncountable] evidence that helps to show that a theory or idea is true or correct （理论或想法的）证据，依据◆The statistics offer further support for our theory.这些统计数据为我们的理论提供了进一步的依据。 see also support ⇨ confirm verb 1 ■ testimony /ˈtestɪməni; NAmE ˈtestɪmoʊni/ [uncountable, singular] (formal) a thing that shows that sth else exists or is true 证据；证明◆The pyramids are an eloquent testimony to the ancient Egyptians' engineering skills.金字塔是古埃及人非凡工程技术的明证。◆This increase in imports bears testimony to the successes of industry.进口的增长证明了产业的成功。■ demonstration [countable, uncountable] an act of giving proof or evidence of sth 证明；证实；论证◆This is a clear demonstration of how something that seems simple can turn out to be very complicated.这清楚地表明了看似简单的事情实际上可能非常复杂。 see also demonstrate ⇨ show 1 help noun help ♦︎ assistance ♦︎ support ♦︎ aid ♦︎ service ♦︎ cooperation ♦︎ backupThese are all words for the act of helping sb. 这些词均表示帮助、援助。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆help / assistance / support / cooperation in doing sth◆without help / assistance / support / aid / sb's services / cooperation / backup◆with the help / assistance / support / aid / services / cooperation of sb / sth◆valuable help / assistance / support / services◆mutual help / assistance / support / aid / cooperation◆to get help / assistance / support / aid / sb's services / cooperation / backup◆to have help / assistance / support / sb's services / cooperation / backup◆to call for help / assistance / support / aid / backup◆to offer help / assistance / support / your services / cooperation◆to need help / assistance / support / sb's services / sb's cooperation◆to come to sb's help / assistance / support / aid◆to enlist sb's help / assistance / support / aid■ help [uncountable] the act of helping sb to do sth or of giving them sth they need; the fact of being useful 帮助；援助；助益◆None of this would have been possible without her help.没有她帮忙，这事没有一样能办成。◆The passengers were screaming for help.乘客们在高声喊救命。◆Quick, run and get help!快去找人援救！◆The place was difficult to find and the map wasn't much help.那地方很难找，地图也没多大用处。 see also helpful ⇨ valuable 2 ■ assistance [uncountable] (formal) help 帮助；援助；助益◆technical / economic / military assistance技术／经济／军事援助◆financial assistance for people on low incomes给低收入者的经济援助◆The other passengers went to her assistance.其他乘客过来帮她。◆Good afternoon Sir, can I be of any assistance?先生，午安，我能帮什么忙吗？■ support [uncountable] sympathy and help that you give to sb who is in an unhappy or difficult situation 帮助；救助；援助◆We'll need to give her lots of support when she comes out of hospital.她出院时，我们要多帮帮她。◆He needed constant emotional support.他时常需要安慰。◆Friends came to the lecture to give me moral support (= encouragement).朋友们来听演讲，给我精神上的鼓励。▸ supportive adjective ◆My sister was very supportive when my baby was ill.宝宝生病时，姐姐给了我很大帮助。◆a supportive family支持自己的家人■ aid [uncountable] (formal) help that you need to perform a particular task; help that is given to sb in a difficult or dangerous situation （完成某工作所需的）帮助；援助；救助◆The job would be impossible without the aid of a computer.这项工作没有计算机做不了。◆Two other swimmers came to his aid.另外两个游泳的人过来帮他。■ service [countable, usually plural] (rather formal) the particular skills or help that a person is able to offer （提供技能或帮助的）服务◆I think you are going to need the services of a good lawyer.我觉得你需要找一位好律师来帮你。◆I offered my services as a babysitter for the evening.我主动提出晚上帮忙看孩子。■ cooperation (BrE also co-operation) / /kəʊˌɒpəˈreɪʃn; NAmE koʊˌɑːpəˈreɪʃn/ [uncountable] (rather formal) willingness to help and do what sb asks you to do 协助；配合◆We would be grateful for your cooperation in leaving as quietly as possible.你们若能配合，尽可能安静地离开，我们将不胜感激。■ backup /ˈbækʌp/ / [uncountable, countable] extra help or support that you can get if you need it 增援；后援◆The police called for backup from the army.警方请求军方的增援。◆We can use him as a backup if one of the team can't play.如果有参赛队员不能上场，我们可以用他作替补。◆The hospital has a backup power supply.这家医院有备用电源。 post noun post ♦︎ pillar ♦︎ column ♦︎ plank ♦︎ beam ♦︎ rafter ♦︎ support ♦︎ buttress ♦︎ girder ♦︎ joistThese are all words for long pieces of wood, metal or stone that are used for support, often as part of a structure. 这些词均表示柱、梁。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a heavy post / column / plank / beam / girder◆a massive pillar / column / beam / buttress◆tall posts / pillars / columns / buttresses◆a wooden post / pillar / column / plank / beam / rafter / support◆a steel post / pillar / column / beam / support / girder / joist◆an iron post / pillar / column / beam / support / girder◆a concrete pillar / column / beam / joist◆a stone pillar / column / buttress◆a post / pillar / column / beam / buttress / girder / joist supports sth■ post [countable] (often in compounds 常构成复合词) a piece of wood or metal that is set in the ground in an upright position, especially to support sth or to mark a position 柱；桩；标志杆◆She tied the dog to a post.她把狗拴在柱子上。◆corner posts (= that mark the corners of a sports field) 运动场上的角杆◆ (especially BrE) The car skidded and hit a lamp post.汽车打滑撞到了路灯柱。■ pillar / /ˈpɪlə(r)/ / [countable] a large round stone, metal or wooden post that is used to support a bridge, the roof of a building, etc., especially when it is also decorative （尤指兼作装饰的）柱子，桥墩◆The roof is supported by massive stone pillars.屋顶由巨大的石柱支撑。◆He was hiding behind a pillar near the back of the church.他藏在教堂后部的一根柱子后。■ column [countable] a tall, solid, upright post, usually round and made of stone, which supports or decorates a building or stands alone as a monument, built to remind people of a famous person or event 柱；圆形石柱；纪念柱◆The churches have classical columns and decoration.教堂都有传统的石柱和装饰。◆Nelson's Column in Trafalgar Square is one of London's best-known landmarks.特拉法尔加广场上的纳尔逊柱是伦敦最有名的地标建筑之一。■ plank [countable] a long narrow flat piece of wood that is used for making floors, boats, etc. （地板或船板的）木板，板条◆a plank of wood一条木板◆The bridge was made of planks held together with rope.这座桥是用绳子绑起来的木板搭成的。■ beam [countable] a long horizontal piece of wood, metal, etc. used to support weight, especially as part of the roof in a building （尤指建筑物顶部的）梁◆The cottage had low ceilings with exposed dark oak beams.小屋的屋顶很低，深色的橡木梁裸露着。■ rafter / /ˈrɑːftə(r); NAmE ˈræftər/ [countable, usually plural] one of the sloping pieces of wood that support a roof 椽子◆Ropes of onions and garlic hung from the ancient rafters.一串串的洋葱和大蒜吊在老屋的椽子上。■ support [countable] a thing that holds sth and prevents it from falling 支撑物；支柱；支座◆The supports under the bridge were starting to bend.桥下的支柱开始弯曲。 see also support ⇨ support verb 2 ■ buttress /ˈbʌtrəs/ / [countable] a stone or brick structure that is attached to a wall to support it 扶壁；支墩◆It was necessary to strengthen the building with large external buttresses.有必要用大型的外部扶壁加固此建筑。■ girder /ˈgɜːdə(r); NAmE ˈgɜːrdər/ [countable] a long strong iron or steel beam used for building bridges and forming the structure of large buildings （桥梁或建筑物的）大梁，桁架◆The unfinished building with its blue girders was being used as a huge climbing frame.这座未完工的大楼有蓝色的大梁，当时正被人们当作游乐用的大型攀爬架。■ joist [countable, usually plural] a long thick piece of wood or metal that is used for support under a floor or above a ceiling in a building 搁栅；托梁◆Lift any loose floorboards and inspect the joists.掀起所有松动的地板，查看搁栅。 |