| 例句 |
tragedy noun
⇨ crisis (tragedy strikes) ⇨ play (a Greek tragedy) crisis noun crisis ♦︎ emergency ♦︎ disaster ♦︎ tragedy ♦︎ catastrophe ♦︎ calamityThese are all words for an unexpected situation or event that creates difficulties for sb/sth, kills a lot of people or causes a lot of damage. 这些词均表示危机、危难、灾难。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达危难的严重程度| crisis | ➔ | calamity | ➔ | disaster | | emergency | | | | tragedy | | | | | catastrophe |
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a crisis / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamity for sb◆in a crisis / an emergency◆a major crisis / emergency / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamity◆a great crisis / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamity◆a / an awful / dreadful / terrible disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamity◆a potential crisis / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe◆a national crisis / emergency / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamity◆an environmental crisis / emergency / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe◆a / an ecological / personal crisis / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe◆a / an economic / financial crisis / disaster / catastrophe◆a nuclear disaster / catastrophe◆to cause a crisis / a disaster / a tragedy / a catastrophe◆to bring disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamity◆to deal with / cope with a crisis / an emergency / a disaster◆to avert a crisis / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamity◆a disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamity happens / occurs◆disaster / tragedy / catastrophe strikes■ crisis / /ˈkraɪsɪs/ / (plural crises / /crisiːz/ / ) [countable, uncountable] a time of great danger, difficulty or uncertainty when problems must be solved or important decisions must be made 危机；危急关头◆It is hoped that his resignation will end the latest political crisis in the country.大家希望他的辞职能够结束该国最近的政治危机。◆The party was facing an identity crisis.该党当时正面临自身认同的危机。◆The party was suffering a crisis of confidence among its supporters (= they did not trust it any longer).当时这个政党正面对其支持者对党的信任危机。◆The business is still in crisis but it has survived the worst of the recession.这家公司虽然仍处于危机之中，但已经挺过了经济衰退最严重的日子。◆In times of crisis I know which friends I can turn to.在危难关头我知道能投靠哪些朋友。■ emergency [countable, uncountable] a sudden serious and dangerous event or situation which needs immediate action to deal with it 突发事件；紧急情况◆This door should only be used in an emergency.此门仅限紧急情况下使用。◆I always have some extra cash with me for emergencies.我总是随身多带点现金以备不时之需。◆The government has declared a state of emergency following the earthquake.地震发生后政府已经宣布进入紧急状态。◆There is an emergency exit (= to be used in an emergency) on each side of the aeroplane.飞机每侧均有一个紧急出口。■ disaster [countable, uncountable] an unexpected event such as a very bad accident, a flood or a fire that kills a lot of people or causes a lot of damage 灾难；灾祸；灾害◆Thousands died in the disaster.数千人在这场灾祸中丧生。◆They were involved in the 2001 ferry disaster.他们被牵扯到2001年的渡船灾难事件。◆They will not insure you against a natural disaster (= one that is caused by nature).他们不会为自然灾害提供保险。◆Although there was always the possibility of flooding, the Nile seldom brought disaster to Egypt.尽管总是有可能发生洪水，尼罗河却很少给埃及带来灾难。 see also disaster ⇨ disaster , disastrous ⇨ disastrous ■ tragedy / /ˈtrædʒədi/ / [countable, uncountable] a very sad event or situation, especially one that involves death （尤指有人身亡的）悲惨的事，不幸，灾难◆It's a tragedy that she died so young.她英年早逝是一大悲哀。◆Tragedy struck the family when their three-year-old son was hit by a car and killed.这个家庭惨遭不幸，他们三岁的儿子被汽车撞死了。◆The whole affair ended in tragedy.整件事以悲剧告终。 see also tragic ⇨ sad ■ catastrophe / /kəˈtæstrəfi/ / [countable] a sudden disaster that causes many people to suffer 灾难；灾祸；横祸◆Early warnings of rising water levels prevented another major catastrophe.提前发布水位上涨警报避免了又一重大灾难。 see also catastrophe ⇨ disaster , catastrophic ⇨ disastrous NOTE 辨析 Disaster or catastrophe?Either disaster or catastrophe can be used with such words as nuclear, environmental, ecological and economic, but disaster is preferred when you are talking about a famous event in which people were killed. * disaster和catastrophe均可与nuclear、environmental、ecological和economic等词搭配，但谈论广为人知的涉及人员死亡的事件时多倾向用disaster◆the Chernobyl / Lockerbie / Challenger disaster切尔诺贝利／洛克比／挑战者号灾难 ■ calamity / /kəˈlæməti/ / [countable, uncountable] an event that causes great harm, especially to the political or financial affairs of a country or organization, or to sb's personal life 灾难，灾祸（尤指对国家或机构的政治或财政方面，或对个人生活方面造成重大打击的事件）◆Sudan suffered a series of calamities during the 1980s.苏丹在20世纪80年代经受了一连串灾难。◆His financial help saved the magazine from total calamity.他的资金援助将那本杂志从彻底的危难中拯救出来。ⓘ A calamity is less serious than a disaster or catastrophe and is not usually used for an event in which people die. * calamity严重性比disaster和catastrophe要低，通常不指有人员死亡的事件。 play noun play ♦︎ drama ♦︎ comedy ♦︎ tragedy ♦︎ sketch ♦︎ farceThese are all words for a piece of writing that is intended to be performed as entertainment. 这些词均表示戏剧、剧本。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a play / drama / comedy / tragedy / sketch / farce by sb◆a play / drama / comedy / tragedy / sketch / farce about sth◆a Shakespearean play / drama / comedy / tragedy◆a television / radio play / drama / comedy◆a historical play / drama◆to write a play / drama / comedy / tragedy / sketch / farce◆to perform a play / drama / sketch◆to do a play / sketch◆to see a play / drama / comedy / sketch■ play [countable] a piece of writing that is intended to be performed by actors in a theatre or on television or radio 戏剧；剧本◆Kate's class decided to put on (= organize and perform) a play for the school.凯特的班打算为学校演出排演一个剧目。◆The theatre was refused permission to stage the play.剧场未获准上演这个剧。 see also playwright ⇨ writer ■ drama / /ˈdrɑːmə/ / [countable] a play, especially one that has a very exciting or emotional story （尤指剧情令人兴奋或激动的）戏，剧◆The story easily fits into the standard mould of a courtroom drama.这个故事很符合法庭戏的常规模式。◆It is a lavish costume drama (= a film, especially on television, about a period in the past) set in the early twentieth century.这是一部耗资巨大的古装戏，背景设定在20世纪初。 see also drama ⇨ drama , dramatist ⇨ writer ■ comedy / /ˈkɒmədi; NAmE ˈkɑːmədi/ [countable, uncountable] a play or film that is intended to be funny, usually with a happy ending; plays and films of this type 喜剧；喜剧片◆It's a romantic comedy starring Meg Ryan and Tom Hanks.这是由梅格•瑞安和汤姆•汉克斯主演的浪漫喜剧。◆They spent hours watching comedy on television.他们看了几个小时的电视喜剧片。■ tragedy /ˈtrædʒədi/ / [countable, uncountable] a serious play with a sad ending, especially one in which the main character dies; plays of this type 悲剧；悲剧作品◆Revenge tragedies were very popular in Elizabethan England.复仇悲剧在伊丽莎白一世时代的英格兰非常受欢迎。◆In Greek tragedy the main character usually identifies himself upon entering the stage.在希腊悲剧中，主要人物上场后通常要表明身份。■ sketch / /sketʃ/ / [countable] a short funny scene that is part of a longer show in a theatre or on television or radio 幽默短剧；小品◆The drama group did a sketch about a couple buying a new car.剧社上演了一出夫妻二人买新车的短剧。■ farce /fɑːs; NAmE fɑːrs/ [countable, uncountable] a funny play for the theatre based on ridiculous and unlikely situations and events; this type of writing or performance 滑稽戏；闹剧；滑稽戏剧本◆Feydeau's classic bedroom farce (= a funny play about sex) is set in turn-of-the-century Paris.费多的经典床上笑剧以世纪之交的巴黎为背景。◆Farce is often looked down upon by serious theatre goers.以严肃的态度去戏院看戏的人常常看不起滑稽剧。 |