| 例句 |
welfare noun
⇨ aid (welfare provision for people with disabilities) ⇨ safety (the child's welfare) ⇨ on welfare ⇨ unemployed adj. aid noun aid ♦︎ help ♦︎ welfare ♦︎ relief ♦︎ charity ♦︎ social security ♦︎ handoutThese are all words for help, money, food and other supplies that are given to people who are poor, sick or in need in some way. 这些词均表示救济、捐助或援助。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆aid / help / welfare / relief / charity / social security / handouts for sb◆to be on welfare / social security◆emergency aid / help / relief◆government / state aid / help / welfare / relief / handouts◆direct / immediate / financial / medical aid / help / relief◆to get / receive aid / help / welfare / relief / charity / social security / handouts◆to accept aid / help / charity◆to give (sb) aid / help / relief / charity / handouts◆to provide / send / promise aid / help / relief◆to ask for aid / help / welfare / relief / charity◆to rely / depend on help / welfare / charity / social security / handouts◆to live on welfare / charity / social security■ aid [uncountable] money, food, medicine and other supplies that are sent to help countries in difficult situations 援助（如款项、食品、药品等）；救援物资◆An extra £10 million in foreign aid has been promised.额外的1 000万英镑外国援助款项已经得到许诺。◆Much of the funding has come from international aid agencies (= organizations that provide help).很多资金来自国际救援机构。■ help [uncountable] advice or money that is given to sb in order to solve their problems 帮助，援助，救助（如建议或金钱）◆I decided to seek legal help.我决定寻求法律援助。◆The organization offers practical help in dealing with paperwork.这个机构提供文件处理方面的实际帮助。 see also help ⇨ help verb 2 ■ welfare / /ˈwelfeə(r); NAmE ˈwelfer/ [uncountable] practical or financial help that is provided, often by the government, for people or animals that need it （政府给予的）福利◆The state is still the main provider of welfare.政府仍然是福利的主要提供者。◆Animal welfare groups want this practice banned altogether.动物保护团体希望全面禁止这种做法。ⓘ In American English welfare is also money that the government pays regularly to people who are poor, unemployed or sick. In British English this is called social security. 美式英语中welfare还指政府定期发给贫困、失业或疾患人口的保障金，英式英语称之为social security◆They would rather work than live on welfare.他们宁愿工作也不愿靠社会保障金过活。 see also on welfare ⇨ unemployed ■ relief [uncountable] money, food, medicine and other supplies that are sent to help people in countries where there has been a war or natural disaster （因战乱或天灾而提供的）救援物品，救济◆We raised £5 000 for famine relief.我们为赈济饥荒筹集了5 000英镑。 see also relieve ⇨ ease NOTE 辨析 Aid or relief? Aid is often used to talk about money given to countries in financial trouble, often over a period of time. Relief is used more often to talk about money, medicine, food, etc. given to people in places where there has been a war or natural disaster, usually as an immediate response to a sudden emergency. * aid常指给予经济困难国家的资金援助，且通常持续一段时期。relief多指给予遭受战争或自然灾害地区灾民的资金、药品、食品等，通常是对突发紧急情况的即时应对。■ charity [uncountable] the aim of giving money, food and help to people who are in need 慈善；赈济◆Most of the runners in the London Marathon are raising money for charity.大多数人参加伦敦马拉松赛跑是为慈善事业募集资金。◆He refused to live off charity (= to live on money which other people give you because you are poor).他拒绝靠救济过活。■ ˌsocial seˈcurity [uncountable] (BrE) money that the government pays regularly to people who are poor, unemployed or sick （定期给予贫困、失业、疾患人口的）社会保障金◆He's been living on social security for the past two months.过去两个月他一直靠社会保障金生活。■ handout /ˈhændaʊt/ / [countable] (sometimes disapproving) food, money or clothes that are given to a person who is poor （给予穷人的）施舍，救济品（如食物、金钱或衣物）◆I don't want to be dependent on handouts.我不想依靠别人的施舍。 see also handout ⇨ gift , hand sth out ⇨ distribute safety noun safety ♦︎ security ♦︎ welfare ♦︎ well-beingThese are all words for the protection of sb/sth from harm or danger. 这些词均表示安全、安稳、安乐。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆for safety / security◆comparative / reasonable / relative safety / security◆economic / financial / material security / welfare / well-being◆to improve safety / security / sb's welfare / sb's well-being◆to promote the safety / welfare / well-being of sb / sth■ safety [uncountable] the state of being protected from danger or harm; the state of not being dangerous 安全；平安；安全性◆Children need a place where they can play in safety.孩子们需要一个可以安全玩耍的地方。◆He was kept in custody for his own safety.拘押他是为了他本人的安全。◆I'm worried about the safety of the treatment.我担心这种疗法的安全性。◆He is involved in local campaigns to improve road safety.他参与了当地改善道路安全的活动。◆The airline has an excellent safety record.这家航空公司有极好的安全记录。■ security [uncountable] protection against sth bad that might happen in the future; the state of feeling happy and safe from danger or worry 担保；保障；安全；平安◆The plan offers your family financial security in the event of your death.这个计划会在您万一离世的情况下为您的家人提供财务保障。◆Job security (the guarantee that you will keep your job) is a thing of the past.现在已经没有所谓稳定有保障的工作了。◆She'd allowed herself to be lulled into a false sense of security (= a feeling that she was safe when in fact she was in danger).她让自己陷入一种虚假的安全感之中。NOTE 辨析 Safety or security? Safety is used especially to talk about protection from physical harm or danger; in this meaning security is used more to talk about being or feeling financially or emotionally protected. * safety尤指身体健康或平安；security表达此义时更多指财务或情感上的保障。■ welfare /ˈwelfeə(r); NAmE ˈwelfer/ [uncountable] the general health, happiness, comfort or safety of a person, animal or group （个体或群体的）安康，幸福◆We are concerned about the child's welfare.我们关注的是那孩子的福祉。■ ˈwell-being [uncountable] the general good health, happiness or comfort of a person or community （个人或团体的）健康，幸福，安乐◆Physical and emotional well-being are closely linked.身体健康与情绪健康紧密相连。◆This industry is vital to the economic well-being of the city.该行业对这个城市的经济繁荣至关重要。◆She was filled with a sense of well-being.她充满了安适康乐的感觉。NOTE 辨析 Welfare or well-being?Sb's welfare is their level of health, happiness or safety, whether this is good or bad. * welfare指健康状况、幸福指数或安全程度，不论其好坏高低◆She was filled with a sense of welfare. Well-being is a level of health, happiness or comfort that is good; it is not usually used to talk about sb's safety. * well-being指健康、幸福、安乐的上佳状态，通常不指某人的安全状况◆We are concerned about the child's well-being. unemployed adjective unemployed ♦︎ jobless ♦︎ out of work ♦︎ redundant ♦︎ on the dole ♦︎ on welfareThese words all describe people who do not have a job. 这些词均表示失业的、无工作的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆unemployed / jobless people◆unemployed / redundant workers◆currently / still unemployed / out of work◆newly unemployed / redundant◆the long-term unemployed / jobless■ unemployed without a job although able to work 失业的；待业的；下岗的◆How long have you been unemployed?你失业多久了？◆He's an unemployed builder.他是个失业的建筑工人。 see also be employed ⇨ work verb 2 ▸ the unemployed noun [plural] ◆We're working on a programme to get the long-term unemployed back to work.我们正致力于一个让长期失业者重新就业的计划。■ jobless (journalism 新闻) unemployed 失业的；无工作的◆The closure left 500 people jobless.这次倒闭使500人失业。ⓘ Jobless is used, especially in journalism, to talk about unemployed people as a group; it is not used to talk about individual unemployed people. * jobless尤用于新闻报道，指作为一个群体的失业者，不用以指个别的失业者◆How long have you been jobless? ■ ˌout of ˈwork unemployed 失业；无工作◆She had been out of work for a year.她已经失业一年了。 see also be in work ⇨ work verb 2 NOTE 辨析 Unemployed or out of work? Out of work is used more in everyday conversation, especially when you are talking about a particular person. It can sound less permanent than unemployed, and is therefore a gentler term to use. * out of work多用于日常会话，尤用以指特定的某个人的状况，听上去不如unemployed所指的失业时间久，因此是个较温和的说法。■ redundant / /rɪˈdʌndənt/ / (BrE) without a job because there is no more work available for you in a company 被裁减的◆I've been expecting to be made redundant for a year now.一年来我一直等着被裁减。 see also make sb redundant ⇨ fire verb ■ ˌon the ˈdole (BrE, informal) without a job and claiming money from the state 领失业救济金◆He's been on the dole for a year.他领失业救济金已经一年了。ⓘ A more formal way of saying on the dole is claiming social security/unemployment benefit. 较on the dole更为正式的说法是claim social security/unemployment benefit。■ ˌon ˈwelfare (especially NAmE) without a job and claiming money from the state 领社会保障金◆They would rather work than live on welfare.他们宁愿工作而不愿靠社会保障金过活。 see also welfare ⇨ aid |