| 例句 |
contrast verb
⇨ compare 1 (The poem contrasts youth and age.) ⇨ conflict (Her actions and promises contrasted sharply.)contrast noun
⇨ difference (the contrast between East and West) ⇨ opposite (quite a contrast to last week's work)compare1 verb We compared the two reports carefully. 我们仔细比较了两份报告。Our results compare favourably with theirs. 我们的结果比他们的要好。They compared his work to that of Hemingway.compare ♦︎ contrast ♦︎ juxtapose ♦︎ balance sth against sth ♦︎ match sth against sthThese words all mean to examine people or things to see how they are similar and/or how they are different. 这些词均表示比较、对比。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to compare / contrast / juxtapose A and / with B◆to compare / contrast sth favourably / unfavourably with sth■ compare [transitive] to examine people or things in order to see how they are similar and how they are different 比较，对比（以示异同）◆It is interesting to compare their situation and ours.把他们的状况与我们的对比很有意思。◆We compared the two reports carefully.我们仔细比较了两份报告。◆My own problems seem insignificant compared with other people's.与别人的问题相比，我自己的问题显得微不足道。◆Standards in health care have improved enormously compared to 40 years ago.与40年前相比，医疗水平得到了极大的提高。ⓘ Some people prefer only to use with, not to with compare in this meaning; however, both with and to are in fact very frequently used. Compare sth to sth is always used when the meaning is 'to show or suggest that two people or things are similar'. 表达此义时，有些人只用compare with，而不用compare to；但实际上with和to都很常用。compare sth to sth总是或多或少强调两者的相似之处◆The critics compared his work to that of Hemingway.评论界将他的作品和海明威的相提并论。 ■ contrast [transitive] (rather formal) to compare two things in order to show the differences between them 对比，对照（以显出差异）◆It is interesting to contrast the British legal system with the American one.把英美两国的司法体系进行对比很有意思。◆The poem contrasts youth and age.这首诗对比了青春与暮年。◆Compare and contrast the two main characters in the play.比较这部剧中两个主要人物的异同。 see also contrast ⇨ difference , contrast ⇨ opposite noun ■ juxtapose /ˌdʒʌkstəˈpəʊz; NAmE ˌdʒʌkstəˈpoʊz/ [transitive, usually passive] (formal) to put people or things together, especially in order to show a difference or a new relationship between them （尤指为显出差异或表明关系而）把⋯并置，把⋯并列◆In the exhibition, abstract paintings are juxtaposed with shocking photographs.展览会上，抽象画与令人震惊的照片并列展出。ⓘ Juxtapose is often used with adverbs such as crudely, sharply, starkly and dramatically, and with phrases like to good/great/maximum effect. * juxtapose常与crudely、sharply、starkly、dramatically等副词和to good/great/maximum effect等短语连用。■ balance sth against sth phrasal verb (rather formal) to compare the relative importance of two contrasting things 比较（两个相对的事物）；权衡重要性◆The cost of obtaining legal advice needs to be balanced against its benefits.法律咨询带来的好处得和需要付出的费用权衡一下。■ ˈmatch sth against sth phrasal verb to compare things in order to find two that are the same or similar 拿⋯与⋯比较，对照（以找出相同或相似的配对）◆New information is matched against existing data in the computer.新的资料和电脑中已有的数据作了比较。ⓘ Match sth against sth is often used to talk about comparing items of information such as words with a large collection or database of information on a computer or in the mind. * match sth against sth常指将字词等信息项与计算机或大脑中的信息集或数据库(database)进行比较。 conflict verb conflict ♦︎ contrast ♦︎ contradict ♦︎ be at odds ♦︎ clash ♦︎ go against sthThese are all words and expressions that can be used when two very different ideas, feelings or personalities come together. 这些词语均表示想法、感觉或性格产生冲突、相抵触、相互矛盾。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to conflict / contrast / be at odds / clash with sth◆to be at odds / clash over sth◆stories / versions conflict / contradict each other / are at odds◆conflicting / contrasting opinions / personalities / emotions■ conflict / /kənˈflɪkt/ / [intransitive](of two ideas, beliefs, stories, feelings or personalities) to be so different from each other that they cannot easily exist together or both be true （两种想法、信仰、说法、感觉或性格）冲突，抵触◆These results conflict with earlier findings.这些结果与之前的发现相矛盾。◆Reports conflicted on how much of the aid was reaching the famine victims.究竟有多少援助到了饥民手里，相关报告彼此矛盾。◆He was torn between conflicting loyalties to family and work.忠于家庭还是忠于工作，两者相互矛盾，他左右为难。■ contrast /kənˈtrɑːst; NAmE kənˈtræst/ [intransitive](of two things) to show a clear difference when close together or when compared （两个事物并列或作比较时）显出明显差异，形成对照◆Her actions contrasted sharply with her promises.她的行动与她的承诺相差甚远。◆Her actions and her promises contrasted sharply.她的行动与她的承诺相差甚远。 see also contrast ⇨ difference , contrast ⇨ opposite noun , contrasting ⇨ different ■ contradict /ˌkɒntrəˈdɪkt; NAmE ˌkɑːntrəˈdɪkt/ [transitive](of statements or pieces of evidence) to be so different from each other that they cannot both be true （陈述或证据）相抵触，相矛盾，相反◆The two stories contradict each other.这两种说法相互抵触。◆This version of events was contradicted by eyewitness reports.对事件的这种说法和目击者的报告相矛盾。 see also contradictory ⇨ inconsistent ■ be at ˈodds idiom to be very different from sth, when it should be the same 有差异；相矛盾◆Her story was at odds with the police report.她的叙述与警方报告相矛盾。 see also at odds ⇨ inconsistent ■ clash [intransitive] (rather informal, especially journalism 尤用于新闻) (of two ideas, beliefs or personalities) to be so different from each other that they cannot easily exist together and often cause arguments （两种想法、信仰或性格）不相容，抵触（且常引起争论）◆He clashed with his father over politics.他和父亲政见分歧很大。◆His views and his father's clashed.他与父亲意见相左。NOTE 辨析 Conflict or clash? Conflict has a wider range and is often used to talk about stories, beliefs and emotions that are very different from each other. Clash is more often used to talk about the angry disagreement caused by people having very different opinions. People or their opinions can clash but people cannot conflict. * conflict的使用范围更广，常指说法、信仰和情感彼此差异甚大。clash多指人们意见严重不合而起愤怒的争执。clash的主语可以是人或观点，但是conflict的主语不能是人◆He conflicted with his father over politics. ■ ˌgo aˈgainst sth phrasal verb (of an idea, belief or action) to not fit or agree with another idea or belief （想法、信仰或行动）与⋯相违背◆Paying for hospital treatment goes against her principles.拿钱到医院治病有违她的原则。◆His thinking goes against all logic.他的想法完全不合情理。 difference noun difference ♦︎ contrast ♦︎ distinction ♦︎ variation ♦︎ imbalance ♦︎ variance ♦︎ disparity ♦︎ divergenceThese are all words for the way in which people or things are not like each other. 这些词均表示差别、不同之处。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a difference / a contrast / a distinction / a variation / an imbalance / a variance / a disparity / a divergence between A and B◆a difference / a contrast / a variation / an imbalance / a variance / a disparity / a divergence in sth◆a huge difference / contrast / variation / imbalance / disparity◆a considerable difference / contrast / variation / imbalance / variance / disparity / divergence◆a major / fundamental difference / contrast / distinction / variation / imbalance◆a clear difference / contrast / distinction / variation / disparity◆a slight difference / variation / variance / divergence◆a regional / gender difference / variation / imbalance◆to show a difference / a contrast / a distinction / a variation / an imbalance / a variance / a disparity / a divergence◆to see / be aware of / look at a difference / contrast / distinction / variation◆to highlight a difference / contrast / distinction / variation / disparity◆to explain a difference / a distinction / a variation / an imbalance / a variance / a disparity / a divergence◆to cause a difference / a variation / an imbalance / a divergence◆to make a difference / contrast / distinction■ difference [countable, uncountable] the way in which two people or things are not like each other; the way in which sb/sth has changed 差别；差异；变化（之处）◆There are no significant differences between the education systems of the two countries.这两国的教育制度没有重大差别。◆She noticed a marked difference in the children on her second visit.第二次来访时她注意到了孩子们明显的变化。◆What a difference! You look great with your hair like that.真是判若两人！你梳这种发型真是太好看了。◆I can never tell the difference (= distinguish) between the twins.我从来都分不清这对双胞胎谁是谁。OPP similarity ⇨ similarity ■ contrast [countable, uncountable] a difference between two or more people or things that you can see clearly when they are compared or put close together; the fact of comparing two or more things in order to show the differences between them 明显的差异；对比；对照◆There is an obvious contrast between the cultures of East and West.东西方文化之间存在着明显的差异。◆A wool jacket with silk trousers provides an interesting contrast in texture.毛料上衣配真丝长裤，质地上的差异相映成趣。◆The company lost $7 million this quarter in contrast to a profit of $6.2 million a year earlier.该公司本季度亏损了700万元，与去年同期的620万元盈利形成了对比。◆The poverty of her childhood stands in total contrast to her life in Hollywood.她童年时的贫困处境与她在好莱坞的生活有着天壤之别。◆When you look at their new system, ours seems very old-fashioned by contrast.看看他们的新系统，我们的系统就显得非常陈旧过时了。 see also contrast ⇨ compare 1 , contrast ⇨ conflict verb ■ distinction [countable] (rather formal) a clear difference between two or more people or things that are similar or related 显著区别；显著差异◆Philosophers did not make a distinction between arts and science.哲学家过去没有把艺术和科学截然分开。◆She tends to blur the distinctions between family and friends.她往往把家人和朋友混淆起来。ⓘ In this meaning, distinction is often used in the phrase make/draw a distinction between A and B, to talk about a difference that people see when they carefully examine things that might at first seem very similar. 表达此义时，distinction常用在短语make/draw a distinction between A and B中，表示经仔细观察而发现乍看起来非常相似的事物之间的差别◆We need to draw a distinction between democratic socialism and social democracy.我们需要把民主社会主义与社会民主主义区别开来。 see also distinguish ⇨ distinguish 1 2 ■ variation [countable, uncountable] the way in which people or things are not like each other 变异；差异；差别◆There may be striking variations within a species.同一个物种可能存在着差异甚大的变种。◆regional variations in voting patterns不同地区在投票方式上的差别◆There is considerable variation in tastes across the country.全国各地的人口味大不相同。◆There is little variation by sex or social class in these attitudes.不论性别或社会阶层，人们大多采取这些态度。ⓘ Variation is usually used to talk about differences that are apparent between groups of people or things, especially in different places, regions and cultures. * variation通常用来指不同地方、区域或文化的人或事物间的显著差别◆local / regional / geographical / environmental / climatic / cultural / ethnic variation地方／区域／地理／环境／气候／文化／种族差异 see also variation ⇨ change noun 1 ■ imbalance / /ɪmˈbæləns/ / [countable, uncountable] (rather formal or technical 术语) a situation in which two or more things are not the same size or are treated differently, in a way that is unfair or causes problems 失衡；不平衡；不公平◆a global imbalance of / in power全球性权力失衡◆Attempts are being made to redress (= put right) the imbalance between our import and export figures.我们正努力纠正进出口的不平衡。◆Postnatal depression is usually due to hormonal imbalance.产后抑郁症通常是荷尔蒙失调引起的。 OPP balance ⓘ A balance is a situation in which different things exist in equal, correct or good amounts. * balance指不同事物并存时平衡、均衡的状态◆Try to keep a balance between work and relaxation.尽量保持工作与休闲均衡。◆This newspaper maintains a good balance in its presentation of different opinions.这份报纸一贯坚持报道不同的意见，不偏不倚。 ■ variance / /ˈveəriəns; NAmE ˈveriəns, ˈværiəns/ [uncountable, countable] (formal) the amount by which sth changes or is different from sth else 变化幅度；差额◆There is considerable variance in pay across the company.公司上下的薪水差别幅度相当大。◆a note with subtle variances of pitch音高有细微变化的音符■ disparity /dɪˈspærəti/ / [uncountable, countable] (formal) a difference, especially one connected with an unfair situation or unfair treatment （尤指不公正所引起的）不同，差别，差异◆The wide disparity between rich and poor was highlighted.特别强调了贫富差距悬殊的问题。◆There are growing regional disparities in economic prosperity.在经济繁荣方面，区域差别越来越大。■ divergence /daɪˈvɜːdʒəns; NAmE daɪˈvɜːrdʒəns/ [countable, uncountable] (formal) the amount by which sth is different from sth else 差异；分歧◆There is a wide divergence of opinion within the group.群体内部存在着严重的意见分歧。NOTE 辨析 Variance or divergence? Variance is used especially in technical contexts, for example when analysing figures; divergence is used especially to talk about the opinions or views of groups of people. * variance尤用于专业语境，如数字分析；divergence尤与opinion和view搭配，指群体间的意见分歧◆considerable divergence in pay ◆a wide variance of opinion opposite noun opposite ♦︎ the contrary ♦︎ the reverse ♦︎ contrast ♦︎ antonymThese are all words for a person or thing that is as different as possible from sb/sth else. 这些词均表示对立的人或物、对立面、反面。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a / the complete opposite / reverse / contrast◆the exact / very opposite / reverse◆to be the opposite / the reverse / a contrast◆to represent the opposite / a contrast◆to do the opposite / contrary / reverse◆quite the opposite / contrary / reverse◆quite a contrast■ opposite [countable] a person or thing that is as different as possible from sb/sth else 对立的人（或物）；对立面；反面◆Hot and cold are opposites.热和冷是对立的。◆What is the opposite of heavy?与重相对的是什么？◆I thought she would be small and blonde but she's the complete opposite.我原以为她是一个身材娇小的金发女郎，但她恰恰相反。◆'Is it better now?' 'Quite the opposite, I'm afraid.'“现在好点了吗？”“恐怕正相反。”■ the contrary [singular] (rather formal) used to emphasize that the opposite of what has been said or suggested is actually true 恰恰相反；正相反◆In the end the contrary was proved true: he was innocent and she was guilty.最后证明事实正好相反：他是无辜的，而她则有罪。◆'You're not rejecting them?' 'On the contrary, I plan to give them special status.'“你没拒绝他们吗？”“恰恰相反，我打算给予他们特殊地位。”◆I don't find him funny at all. Quite the contrary.正相反，我觉得他一点儿也不可笑。◆I will expect to see you on Sunday unless I hear anything to the contrary (= showing or proving the opposite).星期天我会等你，除非你说不来了。ⓘ The contrary is most often used in the phrases on the contrary, quite the contrary and to the contrary. * the contrary最常用在短语on the contrary、quite the contrary和to the contrary中。■ the reverse [singular] (rather formal, especially written) the opposite fact, event or situation to the one just mentioned 相反的事实（或事件、情况）◆Although I expected to enjoy living in the country, in fact the reverse is true.我原以为自己会喜欢乡村生活，但实际情况正好相反。◆This problem is the reverse of the previous one.这个问题和上一个问题相反。ⓘ The reverse is most often used in these phrases. * the reverse最常用于下面这些短语中◆The reverse is true / holds / is the case / happens.真相恰恰相反／相反的事实成立／情况正相反／相反的事发生了。◆A is the reverse of B.A是B的反面。◆Quite the reverse.恰恰相反。 ■ contrast [countable] a person or thing that is clearly different from sb/sth else 明显不同的人（或事物）◆The work you did today is quite a contrast to (= very much better / worse than) what you did last week.你今天的工作干得与上周的截然不同。 see also contrast ⇨ compare verb 1 , contrast ⇨ conflict verb , contrasting ⇨ different ■ antonym [countable] (technical 术语) a word that means the opposite of another word 反义词◆'Old' has two possible antonyms: 'young' and 'new'.old有两个可能的反义词：young和new。 |