| 例句 |
youth noun
⇨ childhood (throughout his youth) ⇨ girl (a gang of youths) childhood noun childhood ♦︎ youth ♦︎ adolescence ♦︎ teens ♦︎ infancy ♦︎ pubertyThese are all words for the period of sb's life when they are a child or young person. 这些词均表示童年或青少年时期。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达年少的程度| infancy | ➔ | childhood | ➔ | youth | | | | | adolescence | | | | | teens | | | | | puberty |
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆in (sb's) childhood / youth / adolescence / teens / infancy◆during (sb's) childhood / youth / adolescence / teens / infancy / puberty◆from (sb's) childhood / youth / infancy◆since / throughout (sb's) childhood / youth / adolescence / teens / infancy◆(sb's) early childhood / youth / adolescence / teens / infancy◆(sb's) late childhood / adolescence / teens◆a / an happy / unhappy childhood / youth◆to reach adolescence / your teens / puberty◆to spend your childhood / youth / adolescence / teens...■ childhood [uncountable, countable] the period of sb's life when they are a child 童年；幼年；孩童时期◆From her earliest childhood she'd had a love of dancing.她从小就喜欢跳舞。◆She had a very happy childhood.她有一个非常幸福的童年。◆childhood memories / experiences童年记忆／经历■ youth [uncountable, singular] the period of sb's life when they are young, especially the time before a child becomes an adult; the quality or state of being young 青年时期（尤指成年以前）；青春；朝气◆He had been a talented musician in his youth.他年轻时很有音乐天赋。◆His lack of qualification was taken as a sign of a misspent youth (= having wasted his time when he was young).他缺乏学历资格被看成是虚度了青春。◆She brings to the job a rare combination of youth and experience.她很年轻，又有做这份工作的经验，这很难得。ⓘ A youth can also be a young person. * youth亦指年轻人。 see also youth ⇨ girl ■ adolescence / /ˌædəˈlesns/ / [uncountable] (rather formal) the time in sb's life when they develop from a child into an adult 青春期；青春◆Adolescence brings about major changes in a young person's body.在青春期时身体会发生很大变化。◆She developed the problem in early adolescence.她的问题形成于青春期早期。ⓘ Adolescence is often used when talking about the problems that young people have when they are becoming adults. * adolescence常用于谈论青少年在转为成人过程中出现的问题。 see also adolescent ⇨ girl ■ teens [plural] the years of a person's life when they are between 13 and 19 years old 十几岁（13至19岁之间）◆She began writing poetry in her teens.她从十几岁开始写诗。◆An eyewitness described a boy in his mid to late teens wearing a dark jacket.一名目击者描述，一个男孩穿着深色夹克，年龄在15至19岁左右。ⓘ Teens is always used after my, his, her, etc. * teens常置于my、his、her等代词之后◆I met him in teens. see also teen ⇨ girl ■ infancy [uncountable] the time when a child is a baby or very young 婴儿期；幼儿期◆Tragically, she died in infancy.她在婴儿时不幸夭折。◆The vaccination is given in early infancy.出生不久就要接种这种疫苗。ⓘ Infancy is often used to talk about babies being ill or dying. * infancy常用于谈及婴儿患病或夭折◆to survive infancy渡过婴儿期存活下来◆deaths during infancy婴儿期死亡 ■ puberty /ˈpjuːbəti; NAmE ˈpjuːbərti/ [uncountable] the period in sb's life when their sexual organs develop and their body changes from a child's to an adult's body 青春期◆He reached puberty at the age of fourteen.他十四岁时进入青春期。◆The body undergoes many changes during puberty.青春期时身体发生很多变化。ⓘ Puberty is used more in medical or scientific contexts than in personal accounts of childhood. * puberty多用于医学和科学语境中，不常用于叙述童年生活。 girl, youth noun ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ child 另见child条girl ♦︎ youth ♦︎ lad ♦︎ teenager ♦︎ teen ♦︎ adolescent ♦︎ juvenileThese are all words for young people who are not yet adults. 这些词均表示未成年人。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a young girl / lad / teenager / adolescent◆an older girl / youth / teenager◆a local girl / youth / lad / teenager◆an awkward teenager / teen / adolescent◆youth / juvenile crime / unemployment■ girl [countable] (sometimes offensive) a young woman 年轻女子；女孩；姑娘◆Alex is not interested in girls yet.亚历克斯对女孩子还不感兴趣。◆One of the girls at work told me about it.单位里的一个女孩把这件事告诉了我。◆He married the girl next door.他和隔壁的女孩结婚了。ⓘ Girl is often used to refer to a young woman in informal or friendly contexts. However, some young women find it offensive and lacking in respect when sb refers to them as a girl in a more formal or professional context. * girl常用于非正式或友善地指年轻女子。不过，一些年轻女性认为，在较为正式或工作的场合被称为girl有冒犯意，有失尊重。 OPP guy ⇨ man 1 see also girl ⇨ child , girl ⇨ son ■ youth [countable] (often disapproving) a young man, especially one who is behaving badly or doing sth illegal （尤指行为不端或做违法之事的）青年男子；小混混◆The fight was started by a gang of youths.这场打斗是一帮年轻人挑起来的。ⓘ Youth or the youth [plural] are used in phrases to mean 'young people considered as a group'. * youth或the youth用在短语中指“年轻一族”◆The Royal Family is facing an uncertain future, according to the nation's youth.这个国家的年轻人认为，皇室正面临不确定的未来。◆Many people think the youth of today are not taught proper standards of behaviour.许多人认为当今的年轻人没有受到正确的行为规范教育。◆youth politics / culture青年政治／文化◆an increase in youth unemployment青年失业率的增长In this meaning (the) youth is always used as part of a longer phrase, not on its own. 表达此义时，(the) youth总是用在较长的短语中，不单独使用◆The youth are not taught proper standards of behaviour. see also youth ⇨ childhood ■ lad [countable] (especially BrE, informal) a boy or young man 男孩；少年；小伙子◆He's a nice lad.他是个好小伙儿。◆Things have changed since I was a lad.从我年少时至今，很多事都发生了变化。■ teenager [countable] a person who is between 13 and 19 years old （13至19岁之间的）青少年，少男少女◆a magazine aimed at teenagers以青少年为对象的杂志◆Many teenagers are embarrassed by their parents.许多青少年因父母而难为情。 see also teenage ⇨ young NOTE 辨析 Youth, lad or teenager?A teenager can be a boy or a girl but must be aged between 13 and 19; youth is less specific and can describe sb up until their early twenties; lad is also less specific but is not usually used about sb older than 19. When it refers to a young person, youth is more negative than lad or teenager, and collocates are often (but not always) negative. * teenager可以是男孩或女孩，但年龄必须在13至19岁之间；youth则没那么明确，可指直至二十出头的人；lad也不那么明确，但通常不指19岁以上的人。在指年轻人时，youth比lad或teenager更具贬义，搭配词常为（但不总是）贬义◆angry / drunken / masked youths气愤的／喝醉的／蒙面的年轻人The collocates of lad are mostly positive. * lad的搭配词多为褒义◆a handsome / decent / fine / good / great / lovely / nice / smashing / bright / sensible lad英俊的／举止得体的／优秀的／善良的／杰出的／可爱的／友善的／很好的／聪明的／明智的年轻人To talk about young people in general, youth is more common than teenagers, especially in newspapers or more formal English. 指年轻一族时，youth比teenagers更常见，尤其是在报纸和比较正式的文体中◆unemployed / modern / educated youth失业的／当代的／受过教育的年轻人◆youth crime / employment青少年犯罪；青年就业 ■ teen [countable] (informal, especially NAmE) a teenager （13至19岁之间的）青少年，少男少女◆Two plain-looking teens were sitting on the couch watching TV.两个相貌平平的十几岁少年坐在沙发上看电视。 see also teen ⇨ young adj. , teens ⇨ childhood ■ adolescent / /ˌædəˈlesnt/ / [countable] (rather formal) a young person who is developing from a child into an adult 青少年◆adolescents between the ages of 13 and 18, and the problems they face13至18岁的青少年以及他们面临的问题◆Stop acting like an adolescent!别再表现得像个孩子一样！ see also adolescence ⇨ childhood , adolescent ⇨ young adj. ■ juvenile /ˈdʒuːvənaɪl; NAmE ˈdʒuːvənl/ [countable] (formal or law 法律) a young person who is not yet an adult, especially one that has done sth illegal or is accused of doing sth illegal （尤指违法或被控违法的）少年，未成年人◆Most of the suspects were juveniles under the age of 17.犯罪嫌疑人大多是未满17岁的未成年人。 see also juvenile ⇨ young adj. |