| 例句 |
cost verb
⇨ cost (How much does this cost?) ⇨ price (cost a project)cost noun
⇨ costs (running costs) ⇨ price (the cost of living) cost verb cost ♦︎ be ♦︎ sell ♦︎ trade ♦︎ go ♦︎ retail ♦︎ set sb back sthThese are all words that can be used when sth costs a particular amount of money and you need to pay that amount in order to buy, make or do it. 这些词均表示价格或费用为某数额。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆How much does this cost / is this?◆That costs / will set you back a lot of money.◆sth sells / trades / retails at £9.95◆sth sells / goes / retails for £9.95■ cost (cost, cost) [transitive] If sth costs a particular amount of money, you need to pay that amount in order to buy, make or do it. 需付费；价钱为◆I didn't get it because it cost too much.我没买，因为太贵了。◆Calls to the helpline cost 38p per minute.拨打热线服务电话每分钟收费38便士。◆All these reforms will cost money (= be expensive).所有这些改革都要花很多钱。◆Good food need not cost a fortune (= be very expensive).好吃的东西不一定要花费很多。 see also cost ⇨ price noun ■ be linking verb (especially spoken) to cost 需花费；价格为◆'How much is that dress?' 'Eighty dollars.'“那条连衣裙多少钱？”“八十元。”■ sell (sold, sold) [intransitive] to be sold at a particular price （以某一价格）出售；售价为◆The painting sold for $70 000 at auction.那幅画以7万元拍卖售出了。■ trade [intransitive, transitive] (business 商业) to be bought and sold, or to buy and sell sth, on a stock exchange (= a place where shares in companies are bought and sold) （在证券交易所）交易，买卖◆Shares were trading at under half their usual value.那些股份的交易价低于通常价值的一半。◆The futures contract is traded at a clean price and does not include accrued interest payments.那份期货合约以净价交易，不含应计利息。■ go (goes, went, gone) [intransitive] (rather informal) to be sold, especially for a particular price on a particular occasion （尤指在某一场合以某一价格）出售◆We won't let the house go for less than £200 000.这房子低于20万英镑我们是不会卖的。◆There was usually some bread going cheap (= being sold cheaply) at the end of the day.在收市之前有些面包常降价出售。■ retail / /ˈriːteɪl/ / [intransitive] (business 商业) to be sold in a shop at a particular price （以某一价格）销售；零售价为◆The book retails for $14.95.这本书的零售价是14.95元。NOTE 辨析 Sell, go or retail? Sell is a more general word than retail, which is used mostly in Business English, and only for goods that are sold to the public through shops. * sell较retail含义广，后者主要为商务用语，且只用于经商店向大众销售的商品◆The book retails / sells at £14.95.这本书的零售价是14.95英镑。◆The painting retailed for $70 000 at auction. Go in this meaning is more informal than sell. In British English it is used especially in the phrase going cheap and about particular items being sold on particular occasions. 表达此义时，go比sell较为非正式。在英式英语中，go尤用于短语going cheap，以及某些场合下出售的某些物品◆The painting went for $70 000 at auction.那幅画以7万元拍卖售出了。In informal American English you can also use go to talk about the usual price of sth in a shop. 在非正式的美式英语中，也可以用go指某物在商店里的通常价格◆These boots usually go for around $30 a pair.这些靴子一般每双卖30元左右。 ■ ˌset sb ˈback sth phrasal verb (setting, set, set) [no passive] (informal) to cost sb a particular amount of money 使花费；使破费◆The repairs could set you back over £200.修理这些部件大概要花你200多英镑。ⓘ Set sb back sth is used especially about things that are considered expensive. * set sb back sth尤用于昂贵的东西。 price verb price ♦︎ value ♦︎ assess ♦︎ cost ♦︎ put a price on sthThese words mean to fix the price of sth at a particular level or to make a judgement about the price, value or cost of sth. 这些词均表示定价、估价。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to be priced / valued / assessed / costed at $5 00◆to be priced / valued / assessed / costed between £15 and £35■ price [transitive, usually passive, intransitive] to fix the price of sth at a particular level （给⋯）定价；（为⋯）作价◆These goods are priced too high.这些货品定价过高。◆Some leading UK firms are pricing themselves out of the market (= charging such high prices for their goods or services that nobody wants to buy them).英国的一些大公司因要价过高而无人问津。◆ (business 商业) A dominant firm will price aggressively in markets where it faces new competitors.在市场上占主导地位的公司面临新的竞争者时会采取进取性市场定价。■ value [transitive, usually passive] to make a judgement about how much money sth is worth 给⋯估价；给⋯定价◆The property has been valued at over $2 million.此处房产估价为200万元以上。◆ (BrE) I took my violin into the shop to get it valued.我把小提琴拿到那个商店去估价。ⓘ In American English use assess here. 在美式英语中，这里用assess。 see also valuation ⇨ valuation , valuable ⇨ valuable 1 ■ assess / /əˈses/ / [transitive] to estimate or calculate the total amount, value or cost of sth 估算，估定，核算（总额、价值或费用）◆They have assessed the amount of compensation to be paid.他们已经核定了赔偿金额。◆Damage to the building was assessed at £40 000.该建筑物的损失估定为4万英镑。■ cost (costed, costed) [transitive, usually passive] to estimate or calculate how much money will be needed for sth or what price should be charged for sth 估算（或计算）⋯的费用；为⋯估价◆The project has been costed at $8.1 million.此项工程的成本估算为810万元。◆All telephone calls are logged, costed and charged to your account.所有通话都会在你的账户中留有记录，并计算和收取费用。 see also costing ⇨ valuation ■ put a ˈprice on sth idiom (putting, put, put)to say how much money sth valuable is worth （为贵重物品）定价，作价◆They haven't yet put a price on the business.他们还没有给这笔生意开价。◆You can't put a price on that sort of loyalty.那样的忠心是无法用金钱衡量的。 costs noun costs ♦︎ spending ♦︎ expenditure ♦︎ expenses ♦︎ overheads ♦︎ outlayThese are all words for money spent by a government, organization or person. 这些词均表示开支、支出、花费。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆spending / expenditure / outlay on sth◆total costs / spending / expenditure / expenses / overheads / outlay◆considerable / low costs / spending / expenditure / expenses / overheads / outlay◆high costs / spending / expenditure / expenses / overheads◆capital costs / spending / expenditure / expenses / outlay◆government / public / education / health / defence / military / household costs / spending / expenditure / expenses◆to increase / reduce costs / spending / expenditure / expenses / overheads / the outlay◆to control / cover costs / spending / expenditure / expenses / overheads◆to cut costs / spending / expenditure / expenses / overheads◆to meet costs / expenditure / expenses / overheads◆to incur costs / expenditure / expenses■ costs [plural] the total amount of money that needs to be spent by a business 成本◆labour / operating / production / running / transport costs人工／经营／生产／运营／运输成本◆These factories use cheap labour to keep costs down.这些工厂使用廉价劳动力降低成本。◆The money they're making is barely enough to cover their costs.他们赚的钱勉强能够弥补他们的成本。■ spending [uncountable] the amount of money that is spent, especially by a government or organization （尤指政府或机构的）开支，支出，花销◆This government wants to keep a tight rein on public spending.这个政府想严格控制公共开支。◆More spending on health was promised.已经承诺增加医疗方面的支出。 see also spend ⇨ spend 1 ■ expenditure / /ɪkˈspendɪtʃə(r)/ / [uncountable, countable] (rather formal) an amount of money spent by a government, organization or person （政府、机构或个人的）开支，支出，花费◆There are plans to increase expenditure on education.有计划增加教育支出。◆The budget provided for a total expenditure of £27 billion.预算案规定支出总额为270亿英镑。■ expenses [plural] money that has to be spent by a person or organization; money that you spend while you are working which your employer will pay back to you later （个人或机构的）开支，花费；（由雇主报销的）费用，开支◆living / medical / legal expenses生活开销；医疗／律师费用◆Can I give you something towards expenses?在开支方面我能为你做点什么吗？◆You can claim back your travel expenses.你可以报销差旅费。◆The company sent her on a two-day all-expenses-paid course in London.公司派她去伦敦参加一个为期两天的课程，费用可全数报销。◆Just put the cost of the train fare on your expense account.就把买火车票的钱加到你的报销账单里吧。 see also expense ⇨ price noun ■ overheads / /ˈəʊvəhedz; NAmE ˈoʊvərhedz/ [plural] (especially BrE) (especially NAmE overhead [uncountable]) the regular costs of running a business or organization, such as rent, electricity and wages （企业或机构的）经常性开支，运营费用（如租金、电费、人工等）◆High overheads mean small profit margins.较高的运营费用意味着较小的利润空间。■ outlay /ˈaʊtleɪ/ / [countable, uncountable] the money that you have to spend in order to start a new business or project, or in order to save yourself money or time later （启动新项目或为减省日后资金或时间的）开支，费用◆The business quickly repaid the initial outlay on advertising.这家公司很快偿付了初期的广告费。 price noun ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ rate 2 另见rate条第2义price ♦︎ cost ♦︎ value ♦︎ expense ♦︎ worthThese are all words for the amount of money that you have to pay for sth. 这些词均表示价格、费用。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆the high price / cost / value◆the considerable / enormous cost / value / expense◆the real / true price / cost / value / worth◆the market / net price / cost / value / worth◆to put / set a price / value on sth◆to increase / reduce the price / cost / value / expense◆to raise / double / lower the price / cost / value◆to cut the price / cost■ price [countable, uncountable] the amount of money that you have to pay for an item or service 价格；价钱；物价◆house / retail / oil / share prices房价；零售价；油价；股价◆The price includes dinner, bed and breakfast.这个价钱包括早餐、晚餐和住宿。◆He was charging a very high price for it.他要价很高。◆How much are these? They don't have a price on them.这些东西卖多少钱？上面没有标价。◆I can't afford it at that price.那个价格我可买不起。◆It's amazing how much computers have come down in price over the past few years.过去这几年，电脑价格大大降低，简直令人惊讶。◆to pay half / full price for sth付半价；付全价■ cost (cost, cost) [countable, uncountable] the amount of money that you need in order to buy, make or do sth 费用；花费；价钱◆A new computer system has been installed at a cost of £80 000.一个新的计算机系统已安装完毕，费用为8万英镑。◆Allow $25 per day to cover the cost of meals.餐费按每天25元算。◆Consumers will have to bear the full cost of these pay increases.消费者将不得不承担因工资提高而增加的全部成本。◆The total cost to you (= the amount you have to pay) is £3 000.你总共要支付3 000英镑。◆The plan had to be abandoned on grounds of cost (= it was too expensive).由于费用原因，这项计划被迫放弃。◆sharp rises in the cost of living (= the amount of money that people need to pay for food, clothing and somewhere to live) 生活费用的飙升 see also cost ⇨ cost verb ■ value [uncountable, countable] how much sth is worth in money or other goods for which it can be exchanged （商品的）价值◆The winner will receive a prize to the value of £1 000.获胜者将得到价值1 000英镑的奖品。◆Sports cars tend to hold their value well.跑车往往很能保值。◆Tickets were changing hands at three times their face value (= the value shown on the front).这些票正以三倍于面值的价格转手。◆London property values are rising fast.伦敦的房产正快速升值。 see also valuable ⇨ valuable 1 NOTE 辨析 Price, cost or value?The price is what sb asks you to pay for an item or service. * price指商品或服务的价格◆to ask / charge a high price索要高价◆to ask/charge a high cost/value Obtaining or achieving sth may have a cost; the value of sth is how much other people would be willing to pay for it. * cost指得到某物或达到某目的所需的费用，value指他人愿意为某东西付的价钱◆house prices房价◆the cost of moving house搬家的费用◆The house now has a market value of twice what we paid for it.这座房子目前的市场价是我们当初买房时的两倍。 ■ expense [uncountable, countable, usually singular] the money that you spend on sth; sth that makes you spend money 费用；开销◆The garden was transformed at great expense.花园改建花了一大笔钱。◆We were taken out for a meal at the company's expense (= the company paid).公司出钱请我们外出用餐。◆He's arranged everything: no expense spared (= he spent as much money as could possibly be needed).他不惜代价把一切安排好。◆They went to all the expense of redecorating the house and then they moved.他们花了很多钱重新装饰这房子，可后来又搬走了。◆Their visit put us to a lot of expense.他们的来访使我们破费不小。◆Running a car is a big expense.养一辆车开销很大。 see also expenses ⇨ costs , expensive ⇨ expensive ■ worth /wɜːθ; NAmE wɜːrθ/ [uncountable] the financial value of sb/sth 价值◆He has a personal net worth of $10 million.他有1 000万元的个人净资产。ⓘ Worth, as a noun, is more often used to mean the practical or moral value of sth. * worth作名词时更常表示实际作用或道德意义。 see also worth ⇨ value 1 ▸ worth adjective ◆Our house is worth about $300 000.我们的房子大约值30万元。◆How much is this painting worth?这幅画值多少钱？◆to be worth a bomb / packet / fortune (= a lot of money) 值一大笔钱◆It isn't worth much.这不值多少钱。▸ worthless adjective ◆Shares in the company are now almost worthless.公司的股票现在几乎毫无价值。OPP valuable ⇨ valuable 1 |