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courage noun
⇨ courage (show great courage) ⇨ pluck up (the) courage ⇨ dare verb courage noun courage ♦︎ bravery ♦︎ nerve ♦︎ guts ♦︎ heroism ♦︎ valour ♦︎ audacity ♦︎ daringThese are all words for the willingness to do things even though they are dangerous or difficult. 这些词均表示勇气、勇敢、胆量。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆great courage / bravery / nerve / heroism / valour / audacity / daring◆true courage / bravery / heroism◆to have the courage / bravery / nerve / guts / audacity◆to show courage / bravery◆doing sth takes courage / bravery / nerve / guts◆an act of courage / bravery / heroism / valour■ courage [uncountable] a willingness to face danger, pain or opposition, especially when doing sth that you believe to be right （尤指做认为正确的事情时的）勇气，勇敢，胆量◆She displayed remarkable courage in the face of danger.她展现了面对危险时的非凡胆量。◆I haven't yet plucked up the courage to ask her.我还鼓不起勇气去问她。◆Unfortunately, they lack the moral courage to speak out against what is happening.不幸的是，他们缺乏勇气仗义执言，抗议正在发生的事。◆You need to have the courage of your convictions (= be brave enough to do what you believe to be right).你需要有勇气做自己认为正确的事。OPP cowardice ⇨ coward see also courageous ⇨ brave ■ bravery / /ˈbreɪvəri/ / [uncountable] a willingness to face danger, pain or difficulty, especially without showing fear （尤指表现出来的）勇敢，勇气，胆量◆My great grandfather received the medal as an award for outstanding bravery in World War I.我曾祖父获得了一枚勋章，表彰他在第一次世界大战中杰出英勇的表现。 see also brave ⇨ brave NOTE 辨析 Courage or bravery? Courage is very often about facing opposition, for moral reasons, although this may involve the threat of physical punishment, as well as threats to your career or reputation; bravery is more often a willingness to face physical danger or pain. * courage常为在面对异议时出于道义上的勇气，尽管这可能会使自己遭受体罚，以及可能影响个人的职业生涯或声望；bravery更多为敢于面对人身危险或肉体痛苦的勇气◆They lack the moral bravery to speak out. ◆He received the medal as an award for courage. ■ nerve [uncountable] the ability to control your emotions in order to do sth difficult or dangerous （做困难或危险之事的）勇气，气魄◆It took a lot of nerve to take the company to court.将这家公司告上法庭需要极大的勇气。◆I was going to have a go at parachuting but lost my nerve at the last minute.我本来想尝试一下跳伞，可到最后关头却失去了勇气。◆She kept her nerve to win the final set 6-4.她鼓足斗志以6比4赢了最后一盘。■ guts [plural] (informal) the courage and determination that it takes to do sth difficult or unpleasant （做困难或令人不快之事的）勇气，胆量，决心◆He doesn't have the guts to walk away from a well-paid job.他没有胆量辞去一份报酬优厚的工作。 see also gutsy ⇨ brave ■ heroism / /ˈherəʊɪzəm; NAmE ˈheroʊɪzəm/ [uncountable] very great courage, especially when you have done sth dangerous that is admired by other people （尤指做受人敬佩的危险事情的）英雄行为，英雄精神◆He showed great heroism in going back into the burning building.他重返燃烧的大楼，表现极为英勇。 see also heroic ⇨ brave ■ valour (BrE) (NAmE valor) /ˈvælə(r)/ / [uncountable] (literary) great courage, especially the courage shown by soldiers in a war （尤指战士在战争中表现的）英勇，勇气◆The purpose of the award is to recognize acts of valour by members of the armed services.这个奖项旨在表彰三军将士的英勇表现。■ audacity / /ɔːˈdæsəti/ / [uncountable] brave but rude or shocking behaviour 鲁莽；莽撞；大胆无礼◆The sheer audacity of the plan amazed everyone.那个计划莽撞十足，每个人都感到吃惊。■ daring /ˈdeərɪŋ; NAmE ˈderɪŋ/ [uncountable] willingness to take risks 大胆；勇敢；胆量◆He was saved by the skill and daring of the mountain rescue team.他靠着登山救援队的技能和胆量而获救了。 see also daring ⇨ bold , dare ⇨ dare verb dare verb dare ♦︎ risk ♦︎ go so/as far as to... ♦︎ venture ♦︎ hazard ♦︎ stick your neck out ♦︎ pluck up (the) courage ♦︎ presume ♦︎ chanceThese words all mean to be brave enough to try to do sth that may not succeed. 这些词均表示敢于尝试去做未必成功的事情。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to dare / go so far as / venture / pluck up courage / presume to do sth◆to risk / chance doing sth◆to venture / hazard an opinion◆to risk / chance a look (at sth)◆to risk / chance it■ dare [intransitive] (not usually used in the progressive tenses 通常不用于进行时) to be brave enough to do sth difficult or dangerous; to be rude enough to do sth that you have no right to do 敢于；胆敢◆She said it as loudly as she dared.她壮着胆子，放声说了出来。◆He didn't dare (to) say what he thought.他不敢说出自己的想法。◆Dare to be different!要敢于与众不同！◆ (BrE) They daren't ask for any more money.他们不敢再要钱了。◆ (spoken) 'I'll tell her about it.' 'Don't you dare!'“我要把这事告诉她。”“你敢！”◆How dare you talk to me like that!你竟敢那样对我说话！ see also daring ⇨ bold adj. , daring ⇨ courage noun ■ risk [transitive] to do sth that may mean that you get into a situation which is unpleasant for you; to do sth that you know is not really a good idea or may not be successful 冒⋯的危险（或风险）；（明知结果）冒险做，大胆做◆There was no choice. If they stayed there, they risked death.他们别无选择，如果待在那里，就有性命之虞。◆They knew they risked being arrested.他们知道自己冒着被捕的危险。◆He risked a glance at her furious face.他壮着胆子瞅了一眼她愤怒的脸。◆It was a difficult decision but we decided to risk it.这是个艰难的决定，但我们决定冒险一试。 see also risk ⇨ risk noun 1 2 ■ go so ˈfar as to...■ go as ˈfar as to... idiom to go to extreme or surprising limits in dealing with sth 竟然；甚至◆In June 2006 he went so far as to offer his resignation.2006年6月他甚至提出了辞呈。◆I wouldn't go as far as to say that he's a liar (= but I think he may be slightly dishonest).我倒不至于说他是个骗子。■ venture / /ˈventʃə(r)/ / [transitive] (formal) to say or do sth in a careful way, especially because it might upset or offend sb 试探地说，谨慎地做（尤指会使人烦恼或不快的事）◆She hardly dared to venture an opinion.她几乎不敢亮明观点。◆I ventured to suggest that she might have made a mistake.我试探地提醒说她可能出错了。■ hazard /ˈhæzəd; NAmE ˈhæzərd/ [transitive, intransitive] to make a suggestion or guess that you know may be wrong 冒失地提出；冒险猜测◆Would you like to hazard a guess?你想猜猜看吗？◆'Is it Tom you're going with?' she hazarded.“你是要和汤姆一起去吗？”她冒失地问。■ stick your ˈneck out idiom (stuck, stuck) (informal) to do or say sth when there is a risk that you may be wrong 冒险；做不保险的事；说不保险的话◆I'll stick my neck out and say that Bill is the best candidate for the job.我愿冒险说，比尔是这份工作的最佳人选。■ pluck up (the) ˈcourage idiom (usually approving) to make yourself do sth even though you are afraid to do it 鼓起勇气（做某事）◆I finally plucked up the courage to ask her for a date.我终于鼓起勇气约她出去。■ presume /prɪˈzjuːm; NAmE prɪˈzuːm/ [intransitive] (formal, usually disapproving) to behave in a way that shows a lack of respect by doing sth that you have no right to do 妄行；越权行事◆I wouldn't presume to tell you how to run your own business.我不会僭越去指点你该如何经营你自己的事业。 see also presumptuous ⇨ cool adj. ■ chance [transitive] (informal) to risk sth, although you know the result may not be successful 冒险；拿⋯去冒风险◆'Take an umbrella.' 'No, I'll chance it (= take the risk that it may rain).'“带上伞吧。”“不了，我就冒冒险吧。”◆ (especially BrE) She was chancing her luck driving without a licence.她无照驾车，完全是在冒险。 |