➡ See also the entries for ⇨ huge and ⇨ maximum另见huge条和maximum条large ♦︎ big ♦︎ great ♦︎ substantial ♦︎ considerable ♦︎ extensive ♦︎ hefty ♦︎ sizeable ♦︎ bumper ♦︎ handsomeThese words all describe things that are much more than average in size, degree or amount.这些词均表示尺寸大的、程度深的或数量多的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a large / a big / a great / a substantial / a considerable / an extensive / a sizeable / a handsome amount◆a large / big / great / substantial / considerable / hefty / sizeable / handsome sum / profit◆a large / a big / a great / a substantial / a considerable / an extensive / a sizeable area◆a large / big / great / substantial / considerable / sizeable / handsome majority◆a large / big / great / substantial / considerable / hefty / sizeable increase◆a large / a big / a great / a substantial / a considerable / an extensive / a bumper / a handsome collection◆a large / big / great / substantial / sizeable crowd / army◆a large / big / substantial meal / breakfast◆a large / big / bumper crop / harvest◆a large / great / substantial / considerable size◆a big / a great / a substantial / a considerable / an extensive change / improvement / gain / loss / influence◆very large / big / great / substantial / considerable / extensive / hefty / sizeable◆really large / big / substantial / extensive / hefty◆quite / fairly large / big / substantial / considerable / extensive / hefty / sizeable◆rather large / big / substantial / extensive / hefty■largemore than average in size, degree or amount大的；巨大的；超过一般的◆Some of the clothes looked very large.这些衣服有的看起来很大。◆I grew up in a large family.我成长于一个大家庭。◆There were some very large sums of money involved.其中涉及几笔巨款。◆Brazil is the world's largest producer of coffee.巴西是世界上最大的咖啡生产国。◆Who is the rather large(= fat) lady in the hat?那位体态颇丰满的戴帽子女士是谁？ⓘ Large (abbreviationL) is also used to describe one size in a range of sizes of clothes, food, products used in the house, etc. * large（缩略式为L）还可指服装、食品、家居用品等的规格型号中的大号◆Would you like small, medium or large?你要小号、中号，还是大号的？OPPsmall,little ⇨ small■biglarge in size, degree or amount大的；巨大的◆This house is too big for us now.这所房子现在对我们来说太大了。◆This shirt isn't big enough.这件衬衣不够大。◆He was a big man－tall and broad-shouldered.他个头高，肩膀宽，是个人高马大的男子。◆There's been a big increase in prices.价格已大幅度增长。◆It's the world's biggest computer company.它是全球最大的计算机公司。◆ (informal) He had this great big grin on his face.他的脸上乐开了花。◆They were earning big money.他们在赚大钱。OPPlittle,small ⇨ small■great [usually before noun] much larger or more than average in size, amount or degree巨大的；众多的；非常的◆A great crowd had gathered.一大群人聚集在了一起。◆He must have fallen from a great height.他肯定是从很高的地方摔下来的。◆She lived to a great age.她活了很大岁数。◆The concert had been a great success.这次音乐会非常成功。◆Her death was a great shock to us all.她的死使我们所有人都感到非常震惊。◆It gives me great pleasure to welcome you here today.今天能在这里欢迎您是我极大的荣幸。◆Take great care of it.对此要多加小心。◆You've been a great help.你帮了大忙。ⓘ In informal English great can be used to emphasize another adjective of size or amount.在非正式英语中，great可用于强调另一个表示体积或数量的形容词◆There was a great big pile of books on the table.桌子上有很大一摞书。NOTE辨析 Large, big or great?These adjectives are frequently used with the following nouns.这些形容词常与下列名词连用◆a big man / house / car / boy / dog / smile / problem / surprise / question / difference高大的男子；大房子；大汽车；大男孩；大狗；灿烂的笑容；重大问题；非常意外；大难题；显著差别◆(a) large numbers / part / area / room / company / eyes / family / volume / population / problem许多；大部分；大面积；大房间；大公司；大眼睛；大家庭；大容量；众多人口；重大问题◆(a) great success / majority / interest / importance / difficulty / problem / pleasure / beauty / surprise巨大成功；绝大多数；浓厚兴趣；非常重要；十分困难；重大问题；极大乐趣；大美人；非常意外Large is more formal than big and should normally be used in writing unless the writing is in an informal style. It is not usually used to describe people, except to avoid saying 'fat'. Great often suggests quality and not just size; however, it does not usually describe the physical size of objects or people. * large比big正式，通常用于书面语，但非正式语体除外。该词通常不用来修饰人，除非是为了避免使用fat（肥胖）一词。great不仅指体积大，还常含不同凡响之义，但通常不指物体或人的实际形态大小◆a great house/boy/dogA great man means a good, wise man that you admire, not a tall or large man. Note also the phrases * great man指伟人，而非个子高或块头大的人。此外，还应注意下列短语的用法◆a large amount of sth大量某物◆a large number of sth许多某物◆a large quantity of sth大量某物◆a great deal of sth大量某物◆in great detail非常详细◆a person of great age高龄长者■substantial / /səbˈstænʃl/ / (ratherformal) large in amount, size or importance大量的；巨大的；重大的◆There were substantial sums of money involved.其中涉及多笔大额款项。◆We were able to see a substantial improvement.我们能看到重大的改进。◆He ate a substantial breakfast.他吃了顿丰盛的早餐。◆Their share of the software market is substantial.他们在软件市场上所占的份额巨大。■considerable (ratherformal) large in amount, degree or importance相当多的；相当严重的；相当重要的◆The project wasted a considerable amount of time and money.那项工程耗费了相当多的时间和资金。◆Damage to the building was considerable.对这座建筑物的破坏相当严重。◆Considerable progress has been made in finding a cure for the disease.在寻找这种疾病的疗法上取得了重大进展。◆Caring for elderly relatives requires considerable moral courage.照顾年长的亲属需要相当的道德勇气。NOTE辨析 Substantial or considerable?Considerable is not used to talk about solid things such as meals or buildings. Substantial is not used to talk about emotions or personal qualities, such as anger, concern, courage or efficiency. * considerable不用来修饰固体的东西，如饭食或建筑物；substantial不用来修饰情感或个人特质，如怒气、关切、勇气或效率等。■extensivecovering a large area; great in amount广阔的；广大的；大量的◆The house has extensive grounds.这栋房子有宽敞的庭院。◆The fire caused extensive damage.火灾造成了巨大的损失。◆Extensive repair work is being carried out.大规模的修缮工程正在进行。◆They have an extensive range of wines.他们有各种各样的葡萄酒。■hefty(of an amount of money) large or larger than usual or expected（款额）很大的，超出一般的，可观的◆They sold it easily and made a hefty profit.他们毫不费力地卖掉了它，得到一笔可观的利润。◆Interest rates have gone up to a hefty 12%.利率已上升至12%之高。■sizeable ( sizable) / /ˈsaɪzəbl/ / (ratherformal) fairly large相当大的◆The town has a sizeable Sikh population.城里有为数众多的锡克教教徒。◆Income from tourism accounts for a sizeable proportion of the area's total income.旅游业收入在这个地区的总收入中占了很大比重。■bumper [only before noun] (approving) unusually large; producing an unusually large amount异常大的；（产出）丰盛的◆Don't miss next month's bumper Christmas issue(= of a magazine, etc.).不要错过本刊下个月的圣诞节特刊。◆Farmers have been celebrating bumper crops this year.农民已在庆祝今年的大丰收。■handsome / /ˈhænsəm/ / [only before noun] (approving) (of an amount of sth, especially money) large（尤指钱）数额大的◆They sold the house two years later at a handsome profit.两年后他们卖了那所房子，获得一大笔利润。◆I enjoyed the job, and was paid a handsome salary too.我喜欢那份工作，而且薪水也很高。▸handsomely