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debate noun
⇨ debate (There has been much debate on the issue.) ⇨ discussion (a debate in parliament)debate verb
⇨ talkdebate noun ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ argument 1 另见argument条第1义debate ♦︎ conflict ♦︎ dispute ♦︎ controversy ♦︎ disagreement ♦︎ difference ♦︎ war ♦︎ dissent ♦︎ contentionThese are all words for an argument between people, groups or countries. 这些词均表示争论、纷争、冲突。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a debate / conflict / a dispute / controversy / disagreement / differences / a war / contention about / over / between sb / sth◆to be in debate / conflict / dispute with sb / sth◆(a) serious debate / conflict / dispute / controversy / disagreement / differences / dissent / contention◆(a) growing debate / conflict / controversy / differences / dissent◆(an) unresolved debate / conflict / dispute / differences◆a bitter debate / conflict / dispute / controversy / disagreement / war◆(an) internal debate / conflict / dispute / controversy / disagreement / differences / dissent◆open debate / conflict / disagreement / dissent◆(a) political debate / conflict / dispute / controversy / disagreement / differences / war / dissent / contention◆to cause debate / conflict / a dispute / controversy / dissent◆to lead to / avoid debate / conflict / controversy / a war◆to resolve a debate / a conflict / a dispute / a controversy / a disagreement / sb's differences◆a debate / conflict / dispute / controversy / disagreement / difference arises◆a conflict / dispute / controversy / war breaks out◆a debate / conflict / dispute / controversy continues■ debate [countable, uncountable] (usually approving) an argument or discussion expressing different opinions, especially when this is seen as a good or necessary thing （尤指有益的或必要的）争论，辩论，讨论◆This accident has sparked off an intense debate.这起事故引发了激烈的争论。◆the current debate about tax目前关于税收的讨论◆There has been much debate on the issue of childcare.人们对儿童照管问题议论纷纷。◆Whether he deserved what happened to him is open to debate / a matter for debate (= cannot be certain or decided yet).他是否罪有应得还有待讨论。■ conflict [countable, uncountable] (rather formal, usually disapproving) a situation in which people, groups or countries are involved in a serious disagreement or argument 冲突；争执◆The violence was the result of political and ethnic conflicts.那次暴力事件是由政治与种族冲突所引起的。◆John often comes into conflict with his boss.约翰经常跟老板发生争执。■ dispute [countable, uncountable] (rather formal) an argument or disagreement between two people, groups or countries; discussion about a subject where there is disagreement 争端；纠纷；争辩◆His job is to settle pay disputes.他的工作是处理工资纠纷。◆The cause of the accident was still in dispute (= being argued about).事故的原因仍有争议。◆The matter was settled beyond dispute by the court judgment (= it could no longer be argued about).事情已由法庭判决，不容争辩。◆His theories are open to dispute (= can be disagreed with).他的理论值得商榷。 see also dispute ⇨ disagree verb NOTE 辨析 Conflict or dispute?A conflict is generally more serious than a dispute. A dispute is often about a particular issue, such as who owns sth, or how much money sb should earn. A conflict often lasts a long time, and may be connected with wider issues such as power and religion. 一般说来，conflict比dispute严重。dispute常涉及具体问题，比如某物归谁所有或某人应获多少工资等。conflict常会持续很久，而且可能涉及更广泛的问题，如权力和宗教。■ controversy / /ˈkɒntrəvɜːsi, BrE also kənˈtrɒvəsi; NAmE ˈkɑːntrəvɜːrsi/ [uncountable, countable] (rather formal) public discussion and argument about sth that many people strongly disagree about, disapprove of, or are shocked by （公开的）争议，辩论，论战◆The President resigned amid continuing controversy.总统在持续不断的争议声中辞职了。◆A fierce controversy has broken out over the issue.关于这个问题爆发了一场激烈的论战。 see also controversial ⇨ controversial ■ disagreement [uncountable, countable] a situation in which people disagree about sth and often argue 意见不一；分歧；争论◆Disagreement arose about exactly how to plan the show.在究竟该如何具体地拟定演出计划的问题上出现了分歧。◆They have had several disagreements with their neighbours.他们跟邻居争吵过几次。OPP agreement ⇨ agreement 2 see also disagree ⇨ disagree verb ■ difference [countable] (rather formal) a disagreement between people 意见分歧；不和◆We have our differences, but she's still my sister.我们虽然有分歧，但她仍然是我妹妹。◆There was a difference of opinion over who had won.到底谁胜谁负，意见不一。 see also differ ⇨ disagree verb ⓘ Difference is used especially when people try to avoid getting angry or having a noisy argument, but still continue to disagree. It is also used when sb wants to suggest that there was no noisy argument, even if there was: There was a difference of opinion... can be a polite way of saying 'There was an argument/a fight...'. * difference尤用于设法避免动气或争吵但仍坚持不同意见的场合；该词还用于暗示没有发生争吵，即使真的发生了。There was a difference of opinion ...（存在着意见分歧）可用作There was an argument/a fight ...（发生了争吵）的委婉说法。■ war [countable, uncountable] (used in compounds 用于复合词) a situation in which there is aggressive competition between groups, companies or countries （群体、公司或国家之间的）竞争，斗争，对抗◆The US threatened a trade war with Europe after the breakdown of the talks.会谈破裂后，美国威胁说要与欧洲展开贸易战。◆The country seemed at times to be close to class war.有时候这个国家的阶级冲突似乎一触即发。■ dissent /dɪˈsent/ / [uncountable] (formal) the fact of having or expressing opinions that are different from those that are officially accepted （有别于官方说法的）不同意见，异议◆The authorities continue their suppression of political dissent.当局继续压制不同政见。OPP assent ⇨ approval ■ contention / /kənˈtenʃn/ / [uncountable] (formal) angry or bad-tempered disagreement between people 争吵；争执；争论◆One area of contention is the availability of nursery places.争论的一个方面是幼儿园入园名额的问题。ⓘ A bone/point of contention is a subject that causes arguments or disagreement between people. * bone/point of contention指引起争论或争议的问题◆Privatization of the health service remains a point of contention.公共医疗服务私有化的问题仍然备受争议。 discussion noun discussion ♦︎ conversation ♦︎ dialogue ♦︎ talk ♦︎ debate ♦︎ consultation ♦︎ chat ♦︎ gossip ♦︎ chatter ♦︎ exchangeThese are all words for an occasion when people talk about sth. 这些词均表示谈论、讨论。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a discussion / a conversation / a dialogue / a talk / a debate / a consultation / a chat / a gossip / chatter / an exchange about sth◆a discussion / conversation / dialogue / debate / consultation on sth◆a discussion / a conversation / a dialogue / a talk / a debate / a consultation / a chat / a gossip / an exchange with sb◆a discussion / a conversation / a dialogue / a debate / a consultation / an exchange between two people / groups◆in (close) discussion / conversation / dialogue / debate / consultation with sb◆to have a discussion / a conversation / a dialogue / a talk / a debate / a consultation / a chat / a gossip / an exchange◆to hold a discussion / conversation / debate / consultation◆to be involved in / join in / participate in / take part in / engage in (a) discussion / conversation / dialogue / debate◆to get into (a) discussion / conversation with sb◆to conclude / end / continue a discussion / conversation / debate◆to break off a discussion / conversation■ discussion [countable, uncountable] an occasion when people talk in detail about sth that is considered to be important; the process of talking with sb about sth important 讨论；商讨◆Discussions are still taking place between the two leaders.两位领导人仍在进行讨论。◆We will choose a different topic for discussion each week.我们将每周选一个不同的题目进行讨论。◆After considerable discussion, they decided to accept our offer.经反复商讨后，他们决定接受我们的报价。◆The plans have been under discussion (= being talked about) for a year now.这些计划至今已经讨论一年了。◆We can use the draft document as a basis for discussion.我们可以用这份文件草案作为讨论的基点。 see also discuss ⇨ talk ■ conversation [countable, uncountable] an occasion when two people or a small group talk about sth, especially in a private or informal way; the activity of talking in this way （私下或非正式的）交谈，谈话◆a telephone conversation电话交谈◆He struggled to keep the conversation going.他竭力使谈话继续进行。◆The conversation turned to gardening.话题转到了园艺上。◆The main topic of conversation was the likely outcome of the election.谈话的主题是选举可能出现的结果。◆Don was deep in conversation with the girl on his right.唐与他右边的女孩在专心交谈。◆I tried to make polite conversation (= to speak in order to appear polite).我设法说些应酬话。◆ (BrE) I got into conversation with a man on the bus.我在公共汽车上跟一个男人攀谈起来。◆ (NAmE) I got into a conversation with a man on the bus.我在公共汽车上跟一个男人攀谈起来。■ dialogue (NAmE also dialog) /ˈdaɪəlɒg; NAmE ˈdaɪəlɔːg, ˈdaɪəlɑːg/ [uncountable, countable] conversations in a book, play or film; a formal discussion between two groups, especially when they are trying to solve a problem or end a dispute （书、戏剧或电影中的）对话，对白；（尤指为解决问题或结束争端而进行的）对话◆The novel has long descriptions and not much dialogue.这部小说中描述多，对话少。◆Learners are asked to listen to three short dialogues.要求学习者听三段简短对话。◆The President told waiting reporters there had been a constructive dialogue.总统告诉等候的记者，刚刚进行了一次建设性的对话。■ talk [countable] a conversation or discussion, often one about a problem or sth important for the people involved 交谈；谈话；讨论◆I had a long talk with my boss about my career prospects.我就自己的事业前景跟老板作了一次长谈。◆She looked worried so we had a talk.她看上去忧心忡忡，于是我们谈了谈。 see also talk ⇨ talk verb ■ debate [countable, uncountable] a formal discussion of an issue at a public meeting or in a parliament. In a debate two or more speakers express opposing views and then there is often a vote on the issue （在公共集会上或议会里就某议题进行的、常以表决结束的）辩论◆a debate on prison reform关于监狱改革的辩论◆The prime minister opened the debate (= was the first to speak).首相在辩论中率先发言。◆After a long debate, Congress approved the proposal.经过长时间的辩论，国会通过了这项提案。◆The motion under debate (= being discussed) was put to a vote.辩论中的动议已经付诸表决。 see also debate ⇨ talk verb ■ consultation /ˌkɒnslˈteɪʃn; NAmE ˌkɑːnslˈteɪʃn/ [countable, uncountable] a formal discussion between groups of people before a decision is made about sth; the act of discussing sth in this way （决策前各团体对有关事项的）协商，磋商◆There have been extensive consultations between the two countries.两国之间进行了广泛的磋商。◆The decision was taken after close consultation with local residents.这项决定是在与当地居民仔细磋商后作出的。◆A consultation period will be required.将需要一段磋商时间。 see also consult ⇨ talk verb ■ chat [uncountable, countable] informal talking; a friendly informal conversation 闲谈；聊天◆ (especially BrE) I just called in for a chat about the kids.我打电话来只是想随便聊聊孩子的事情。◆That's enough chat from me－on with the music!我不多说了，继续听音乐吧！ⓘ The countable use of chat is especially British English. * chat作可数名词时尤用于英式英语。 see also chat ⇨ chat verb ■ gossip [countable, usually singular] a conversation about other people and their private lives 说长道短；闲聊◆We had a good gossip about the boss.我们讲了一会儿老板的闲话。 see also gossip ⇨ chat verb , gossip ⇨ speaker noun 1 ■ chatter [uncountable] continuous rapid informal talk about things that are not important 唠叨的话；喋喋不休的话◆Jane's constant chatter was beginning to annoy him.简没完没了的唠叨开始让他心烦。 see also chatter ⇨ chat verb ■ exchange [countable] a short conversation or an angry argument （简短的）交谈，对话；争论◆There was only time for a brief exchange.只有简短交谈的时间。◆There was a heated exchange between the parents and the school managers.家长与校方发生了激烈的争论。 see also exchange ⇨ replace verb 2 talk verb ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ chat 另见chat条talk ♦︎ discuss ♦︎ speak ♦︎ communicate ♦︎ debate ♦︎ consult ♦︎ conferThese words all mean to share news, information, ideas or feelings with another person or other people, especially by talking with them. 这些词均表示与人谈话、商讨、交流。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to talk / discuss sth / speak / communicate / debate / consult / confer with sb◆to talk / speak to sb◆to talk / speak to sb / consult sb / confer about sth◆to consult sb / confer on sth◆to talk / speak of sth◆to discuss / debate what / how / whether / when / who...◆to talk / discuss sth / speak / communicate / debate sth openly◆to talk / discuss sth / speak / debate sth at length◆to talk / discuss sth / speak / confer briefly■ talk [intransitive] to speak in order to give information, express feelings or share ideas 说话；讲话；谈话◆We talked on the phone for over an hour.我们在电话里谈了一个多小时。◆Who were you talking to just now?你刚才在跟谁说话？◆When they get together, all they talk about is football.他们在一起时谈的都是足球。◆Mary is talking of looking for another job.玛丽说起要另找一份工作。ⓘ When talk is used meaning 'to share ideas' about sth, this is often sth serious or important. * talk指“交流想法”时，所谈的事情往往比较严肃或重要◆This situation can't go on. We need to talk.这种情况不能继续下去了。我们需要谈谈。◆Talk to your doctor if you're still worried.如果你还是担心，和你的医生谈谈吧。In this meaning it can also be used with an object. 表达此义时，talk还可带宾语 [transitive] ◆They spent the whole evening talking business (= talking about business).他们整个晚上都在谈公事。 see also talk ⇨ discussion , talk ⇨ say 1 2 ■ discuss [transitive] (rather formal) to talk and share ideas on a subject or problem with other people, especially in order to decide sth 讨论，谈论，商量（尤指为决定某事）◆Have you discussed the problem with anyone?你有跟谁讨论过这个问题吗？◆I'm not prepared to discuss this on the phone.我不想在电话里讨论这件事。◆They briefly discussed buying a new car.他们草草商量过买新车的事。ⓘ You cannot say 'discuss about sth'. 不可以说discuss about sth◆I'm not prepared to discuss about this on the phone. see also discussion ⇨ discussion ■ speak (spoke, spoken) [intransitive] to talk to sb about sth; to have a conversation with sb 谈；谈话；交谈◆We spoke briefly on the phone.我们在电话里短短谈了几句。◆I've spoken to the manager about it.我已经和经理谈过此事。◆ (especially NAmE) Can I speak with you for a minute?我能跟你谈一会儿吗？◆'Can I speak to Susan?' 'Speaking.'(= at the beginning of a telephone conversation) “请让苏珊接电话好吗？”“我就是。” see also speak ⇨ say 1 NOTE 辨析 Talk or speak? Speak can suggest a more formal level of communication than talk. You talk to sb in order to be friendly or to ask their advice. You speak to sb about sth to try to achieve a particular goal or to tell them to do sth. * speak意味着比talk更正式的沟通。talk表示和某人交谈是为了表示友好或征询建议。speak表示和某人的谈话有具体目的或告诉对方做某事◆'What were you two talking about?' 'Oh, this and that.'“你们俩在谈论什么？”“哦，什么都聊。”◆Have you talked to your parents about the problems you're having?你和父母讨论过你的问题吗？◆I've spoken to Ed about it and he's promised not to let it happen again.我和埃德谈过这个问题了，他保证这种事不会再发生。 ■ communicate [intransitive, transitive] (rather formal) to exchange information or ideas with sb 交流（信息或想法）◆We only communicate by email.我们只通过电子邮件交流。◆Dolphins use sound to communicate with each other.海豚用声音互相沟通。◆ (formal) Nobody had communicated the information to us.没有人把这个信息告诉我们。ⓘ Communicate is often used when the speaker wants to draw attention to the means of communication used. Communicate sth to sb is a formal way of saying tell sb sth. * communicate常用于说话者想让人注意到所用的沟通方式。communicate sth to sb是tell sb sth的正式说法。 see also communication ⇨ communication , communication ⇨ letter ■ debate [transitive] to discuss sth, especially formally, before making a decision or finding a solution （尤指正式）讨论，辩论◆Politicians will be debating the bill later this week.政界将在本周晚些时候讨论此议案。◆The question of the origin of the universe is still hotly debated (= strongly argued about) by scientists.关于宇宙起源问题，科学界仍在激辩。 see also debate ⇨ discussion noun ■ consult [transitive, intransitive] (rather formal) to discuss sth with sb in order to get their permission for sth, or to help you make a decision （与某人）商议，商量（以得到许可或帮助做决策）◆You shouldn't have done it without consulting me.你不该不和我商量就做这事。◆I need to consult with my colleagues on the proposals.我需要和我的同事商讨这些建议。ⓘ When you consult sb, you ask their permission for sth. Consult with sb is a more formal way of saying discuss sth with sb. * consult sb指请求某人批准。consult with sb是discuss sth with sb更正式的说法。 see also consultation ⇨ discussion noun ■ confer / /kənˈfɜː(r)/ / (-rr-) [intransitive] (rather formal) to discuss sth with sb, especially in order to exchange opinions or get advice 商议，协商（尤指为交换意见或获得建议）◆He wanted to confer with his colleagues before reaching a decision.他想先与同事商议一下再作决定。 |