| 例句 |
burden noun
⇨ cargo (She shifted her burden from one arm to the other.) ⇨ responsibility (the burden of caring for the elderly) cargo noun ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ lot 另见lot条cargo ♦︎ goods ♦︎ load ♦︎ freight ♦︎ burdenThese are all words for things that are carried by road, rail, sea or air. 这些词均表示经公路、铁路、海上或空中运输的货物。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a cargo / load of sth◆(a) heavy cargo / goods / load / freight / burden◆(a) bulk cargo / goods / freight◆to carry a cargo / goods / a load / freight / a burden◆to handle cargo / goods / freight◆to transport / deliver goods / freight◆a goods / freight train◆goods / freight traffic■ cargo (plural cargoes, NAmE also cargos) [countable, uncountable] things that are transported by ship or plane （船或飞机运输的）货物◆The tanker began to spill its cargo of oil.油轮开始漏油了。◆a cargo ship / jet货船；喷气式运输机■ goods [plural] (BrE) things that are transported by road or rail （经公路或铁路运输的）货物◆The road was closed both to passengers and goods.这条路封闭了，禁止客运和货运车辆通行。◆You need a special licence to drive a heavy goods vehicle.驾驶重型货车需要专门的驾照。ⓘ Heavy goods vehicle is often abbreviated to HGV. * heavy goods vehicle（重型货车）常缩写为HGV◆Do you have an HGV licence?你有重型货车的驾照吗？ ■ load [countable] something that is being carried, usually in large amounts, by a vehicle, person or animal （车辆、人或动物承受的）负载，负荷；重负◆They struggled down the hill with their loads of firewood.他们艰难地背着柴火下山了。◆A truck had shed its load (= accidentally dropped its load) on the way to the depot.一辆卡车在去仓库途中意外地将运载的货物掉落了。■ freight / /freɪt/ / [uncountable] (rather formal or business 商业) goods that are transported by road, rail, sea or air （经公路、铁路、海上或空中运输的）货物◆The trains were designed specifically to haul (= carry) freight.这些火车是专为运货设计的。◆A freight train pulled into the station.一列货运车开进了站。 see also freight ⇨ delivery ■ burden [countable] (formal) a heavy load that is difficult to carry 重担；重负◆She shifted her burden from one arm to the other.她把重物换到另一只胳膊上。◆The donkey was the traditional beast of burden (= animal used for carrying things).驴是传统的驮畜。 responsibility noun responsibility ♦︎ duty ♦︎ charge ♦︎ obligation ♦︎ burden ♦︎ liability ♦︎ job ♦︎ commitment ♦︎ accountabilityThese are all words for sth that you have to do, or the state of being responsible for sth. 这些词均表示责任、职责、义务，或对某事负责。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a duty / an obligation / a burden / a commitment / accountability to sb / sth◆a responsibility / duty towards sb◆responsibility / liability / accountability for sth◆(a) heavy responsibility / obligations / burden / commitments◆(a) greater responsibility / obligation / burden / liability / accountability◆(a) personal responsibility / duty / charge / obligation / commitment / accountability◆collective / public responsibility / duty / accountability◆(a) professional / social responsibility / duty / obligation / commitment / accountability◆(a) financial responsibility / duty / obligation / burden / commitment / accountability◆(a) moral responsibility / duty / obligation / accountability◆(a) legal responsibility / duty / obligation / liability / accountability◆(a) family responsibility / duty / obligations / commitments◆to have a responsibility / a duty / charge / an obligation / liability / the job / a commitment◆to accept responsibility / a duty / an obligation / the burden / liability◆to bear / shoulder the responsibility / burden◆to fulfil / meet a responsibility / a duty / an obligation / a commitment◆a responsibility / a duty / the burden falls on sb■ responsibility [uncountable, countable] (rather formal) a requirement to deal with sth, or help or take care of sb, because of your job or position 责任；职责；义务◆It is their responsibility to ensure that the rules are enforced.他们有责任确保制度的执行。◆I'm not ready to be in a position of responsibility.我还没准备好担任责任重大的职务。◆I don't feel ready to take on new responsibilities.我不愿意承担新的责任。◆I think we have a moral responsibility to help these countries.我认为我们在道义上有责任帮助这些国家。ⓘ If you have a responsibility for sb/sth, you are the person who should be blamed if sth goes wrong. * have a responsibility for sb/sth指对某人或某事负有责任。 see also be responsible for sb/sth ⇨ run 2 ■ duty [countable, uncountable] something that you feel you have to do because it is your moral or legal responsibility （道德或法律上的）责任，义务，本分◆It is my duty to report it to the police.把这事报告给警方是我的责任。◆I supposed we'd better do our duty and report the accident.我想我们最好履行义务，把事故上报。◆I'll have to go I'm afraid－duty calls.我想我得走了－公务在身。◆The time he put in helping new recruits went beyond the call of duty.他花时间帮助新入职员工已经超越了职责的要求。■ charge [uncountable] the position of having control over sb/sth 掌管；照管；职责◆She has charge of the day-to-day running of the business.她负责掌管日常业务。◆He took charge of the farm after his father's death.他在父亲去世后掌管了农场。◆They left the nanny in charge of the children for a week.他们把孩子留给保姆照料一周。ⓘ You can have/take charge of sb/sth or you can be in charge of sb/sth or leave/put sb in charge of sb/sth. 可以说have/take charge of sb/sth、be in charge of sb/sth或leave/put sb in charge of sb/sth。 see also be in charge ⇨ run 2 ■ obligation / /ˌɒblɪˈgeɪʃn; NAmE ˌɑːblɪˈgeɪʃn/ [uncountable, countable] (rather formal, especially written) the state of being forced to do sth because it is your duty, or because of a law or rule; something which you must do because you have promised or because of a law or rule （法律或条例规定的或承诺过的）义务，责任，职责◆You are under no obligation to buy anything.你不是非买什么不可。◆She did not feel under any obligation to tell him the truth.她觉得没有义务告诉他实情。◆We will send you an estimate for the work without obligation (= you do not have to accept it).我们将把成本估算发给您，仅供参考。◆You must fulfil your legal obligations.你必须履行法律义务。 see also oblige ⇨ force verb ■ burden [countable] (rather formal) a duty or responsibility that causes worry, difficulty or hard work （义务或责任的）重担，负担◆The main burden of caring for old people falls on the state.照料老人的重担大部分落到了国家头上。◆I don't want to become a burden to my children when I'm old.我不想在年老时成为孩子的累赘。◆How can we reduce the heavy tax burden on working people?如何才能减少劳动者身上沉重的税负？▸ burden verb [transitive] ◆They have burdened themselves with a large mortgage.他们负担了一笔很高的按揭贷款。◆I don't want to burden you with my worries.我不想让你为我的烦恼操心。■ liability /ˌlaɪəˈbɪləti/ / [uncountable] (rather formal, especially business 尤用于商业 or law 法律) the state of being legally responsible for sth （法律上对某事物的）责任，义务◆The company cannot accept liability for any damage caused by natural disasters.本公司对自然灾害造成的任何损失概不承担责任。▸ liable adjective ◆You will be liable for any damage caused.任何损失均将由贵方负责。■ job [countable, usually singular] (rather informal, especially spoken) a responsibility or duty 责任；职责；义务◆It's not my job to lock up!上锁不是我的事儿！◆It's the job of the press to expose wrongdoing.揭露丑恶行为是新闻界的职责。ⓘ In this meaning job is usually used in the phrase It's my/your/his/her, etc. job to do sth or it's the job of sb/sth to do sth. 表达此义时，job通常用于短语It's my/your/his/her, etc. job to do sth或it's the job of sb/sth to do sth。■ commitment / /kəˈmɪtmənt/ / [countable] (especially business 尤用于商业) a thing that you have promised or agreed to do, or that you have to do, especially in connection with your work or family; the fact of having to pay an amount of money regularly （尤指与工作或家庭有关的）承诺之事，同意之事，不得不做之事；定期付款◆He's busy for the next month with filming commitments.他正忙于准备已经承诺的下个月拍电影的事。◆Women very often have to juggle work with their family commitments.妇女经常要工作和家庭两头忙。◆Buying a house is a big financial commitment.购房意味着要定期支付一大笔钱。■ accountability [uncountable] (formal) the fact of being responsible for your decisions or actions and expected to explain them when you are asked （对自己的决定或行动）负有责任，应作解释◆There have been proposals for greater police accountability.已有人提议警方应负起更大责任。◆the accountability of a company's directors to the shareholders公司董事向股东所负之责▸ accountable adjective [not usually before noun] ◆Politicians are ultimately accountable to the voters.从政者最终是向选民负责。◆Someone must be held accountable for the killings.必须有人要对这些凶杀事件负责。 |