| 例句 |
evade verb
⇨ evade (evade taxes/the issue) ⇨ escape (evade capture) evade verb evade ♦︎ get out of sth ♦︎ dodge ♦︎ duck ♦︎ sidestep ♦︎ wriggle out of sth ♦︎ fudge ♦︎ fend sb/sth off ♦︎ skirtThese words all mean to try to avoid doing sth that you do not want to do. 这些词均表示躲避、回避。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to get / duck / wriggle out of sth◆to evade / get out of / dodge / wriggle out of doing sth◆to evade / dodge / duck / wriggle out of your responsibilities◆to evade / dodge / duck / sidestep / fudge / skirt the issue◆to evade / dodge / duck / sidestep / fend off / skirt round a question◆to evade / dodge taxes■ evade / /ɪˈveɪd/ / [transitive] (rather formal) to avoid doing sth, especially sth that legally or morally you should do; to avoid dealing with or talking about a subject 逃避，规避（尤指法律或道德责任）；回避（处理或谈论某事）◆She is trying to evade all responsibility for her actions.她在试图逃避自己行为的所有责任。◆There is no point in evading the issue any longer.没有必要继续回避这个问题了。ⓘ The most frequent collocates of evade are taxes, responsibility/responsibilities and the issue. * evade最常见的搭配词是taxes、responsibility/responsibilities和the issue。▸ evasion / /ɪˈveɪʒn/ / noun [uncountable, countable] ◆She's been charged with tax evasion.她被控逃税。◆His speech was full of evasions and half-truths.他的发言尽是些遁词和半真半假的说法。■ ˌget ˈout of sth phrasal verb (getting, got, got; NAmE spoken getting, got, gotten) (rather informal) to avoid a difficult or unpleasant duty or responsibility 逃避，规避，推脱（困难或令人不快的职责或责任）◆We promised we'd go－we can't get out of it now.我们答应过要去的－现在我们不能食言。◆I wish I could get out of going to that meeting.但愿我能不去参加那个会议。 see also shirk ⇨ miss 1 ■ dodge [transitive] (rather informal, disapproving, journalism 新闻) to avoid paying taxes or doing military service, especially in a dishonest way; to avoid dealing with or talking about a subject （尤指不诚实地）逃避（缴税或服兵役）；回避（处理或谈论某事）◆She tried to dodge paying her taxes.她想方设法逃税。◆Claims that he dodged the draft for the Vietnam War could damage his election chances.他曾在越战期间逃避兵役的说法恐怕会对他赢得竞选不利。■ duck [transitive] (rather informal, disapproving) to avoid a difficult or unpleasant duty or responsibility 逃避，规避，推脱（困难或令人不快的职责或责任）◆It's his turn to cook dinner, but I bet he'll try to duck out of it.轮到他做晚饭了，但我敢打赌他会想方设法逃避的。◆The government is ducking the issue.政府在回避这个问题。NOTE 辨析 Get out of sth or duck? Duck is more disapproving than get out of sth: you might admit to wanting to get out of sth yourself; you would accuse sb else of trying to duck sth. * duck比get out of sth更具贬义，承认自己想逃避责任用get out of sth，指责他人试图推脱责任用duck。■ sidestep / /ˈsaɪdstep/ / (-pp-) [transitive] to avoid answering a question or dealing with a problem 回避，规避（回答或处理问题）◆Did you notice how she neatly sidestepped the question?你有没有注意到她多么巧妙地避开了那个问题？■ ˌwriggle out of sth phrasal verb (informal, disapproving) to avoid doing sth that you should do or admitting responsibility for sth, especially by thinking of clever excuses （尤指耍滑以借口）逃避（应做的事）；推卸责任◆She tried to wriggle out of it by saying that she had an appointment elsewhere.她以另有约会为借口来推托。◆He tried desperately to wriggle out of responsibility for the crash.他竭力摆脱他在这场车祸中的责任。■ fudge [transitive] (disapproving) to avoid giving clear and accurate information, or a clear answer 对⋯含糊其词；回避◆I asked how long he was staying, but he fudged the answer.我问他要待多久，他含糊其词，没有回答。◆Politicians are often very clever at fudging the issue.政客常常能非常巧妙地回避问题。■ ˌfend sb/sth ˈoff phrasal verb to protect yourself from difficult questions or criticisms, especially by avoiding them 避开，回避（难题或批评）◆The Prime Minister fended off three challenges to her leadership.首相避而不答质疑她领导能力的三个问题。■ skirt [transitive] to avoid talking about a subject, especially because it is difficult or embarrassing 绕开，回避（话题）◆He carefully skirted the issue of where they would live.他小心地避开了他们将住在何处这个问题。◆She tactfully skirted around the subject of money.她巧妙地绕开了钱的事。ⓘ Skirt is used to talk about careful behaviour, intended to avoid embarrassment, rather than behaviour that is dishonest or immoral. * skirt意为小心行事以避免尴尬的局面，并无不诚实或不道德之意。 escape verb escape ♦︎ get away ♦︎ elude ♦︎ evade ♦︎ loseThese words all mean to get away from sb who is chasing you or a dangerous situation that threatens you. 这些词均表示摆脱、逃走。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to escape / get away from sb / sth◆to escape / evade being captured, hit, killed, etc.◆to escape / get away from / elude / evade / lose your pursuers◆to escape / elude / evade capture / detection / the police◆to escape / evade arrest◆to manage to escape sb / get away from sb / elude sb / evade sb■ escape [intransitive, transitive, no passive] to get away from or avoid an unpleasant or dangerous situation or event; to suffer no harm or less harm than you would expect 摆脱；逃离；逃脱；幸免于难◆She managed to escape from the burning car.她好不容易从燃烧的汽车里逃了出来。◆ (figurative) As a child he would often escape into a dream world of his own.小时候他常常躲进自己的梦幻世界。◆There was no escaping the fact that he was overweight.他体重超标这一事实是无法回避了。◆The police will not escape criticism in this affair.在这件事情上，警方免不了会受到批评。◆She managed to escape the fate of the other rebels.她总算逃过了其他造反者的厄运。◆The pilot escaped death by seconds.这名飞行员在生死瞬间逃出生天。◆He narrowly escaped being killed.他险些丧命。◆She only just escaped with her life.她好险捡回了自己的命。◆Both drivers escaped unhurt.两名司机都幸免于难，安然无恙。ⓘ You can escape being caught or punished. * escape可以指躲避抓捕或逃避惩罚◆to escape detection / capture / arrest / justice / prosecution / conviction / punishment / prison逃避侦查；躲避抓捕；躲避逮捕；逃避正义；险些被起诉；险些被定罪；摆脱惩罚；险些被送监Note that to escape prison means to avoid being sent to prison; to get out of prison once you have been sent there is to escape from prison. You can also escape being killed or injured. 注意escape prison指险些被送进监狱，表示越狱时用escape from prison。escape还可以表示险些丧命或受伤◆to escape death / assassination / the massacre / drowning / injury / being hit / the fighting死里逃生；差点被暗杀；在大屠杀中幸免遇难；险些溺水而死；险些受伤；差点被击中；躲过了那一战You can escape being blamed for sth * escape还表示免于受指责◆to escape blame / censure / criticism / sb's wrath免遭指责；免受审查；免遭批评；免于承受某人的怒火or you can escape your fate or destiny or other serious problems such as bankruptcy or a recession. People are often lucky to escape sth, especially if they only just or narrowly escape. * escape亦指规避严重问题，如与fate、destiny搭配表示逃避厄运、天命，与bankruptcy、recession搭配表示免于破产、经济衰退。因运气好逃过一劫用be lucky to escape sth，表示好险逃过可加上副词only just或narrowly。 ▸ escape noun [countable, uncountable] ◆I had a narrow escape (= I was lucky to have escaped).我侥幸脱险。◆There was no hope of escape from her disastrous marriage.她无望从不幸的婚姻中解脱出来。◆As soon as he turned his back, she would make her escape.他只要一转身，她就会逃走。■ ˌget aˈway phrasal verb (getting, got, got; NAmE spoken getting, got, gotten)to escape from a person, place or situation 摆脱（某人或某种处境）；逃离（某地）◆He felt that he had to get away from home, away from his parents and their efforts to rule his life.他觉得必须要逃离他的家，逃离他的父母，逃离父母对他人生的掌控。◆You'd better get away－the soldiers are coming.你赶快逃吧，那些士兵马上就要来了。▸ getaway noun [countable, usually singular] ◆We'll have to make a quick getaway.我们得赶快逃走。◆a getaway car逃跑用的汽车■ elude / /iˈluːd/ / [transitive] (rather formal) to avoid or escape from sb/sth, especially in a clever way （尤指机敏地）避开，逃避，躲避◆The two men managed to elude the police for six weeks.这两个男人想方设法避过了警方追捕达六个星期之久。◆How did the killer elude detection for so long?杀手怎么能躲过侦缉这么久？■ evade / /ɪˈveɪd/ / [transitive] (rather formal) to avoid or escape from sb/sth 避开；逃避；躲避◆For two weeks they evaded the press.他们有两个星期一直躲着记者。◆He managed to evade capture.他设法逃脱了抓捕。NOTE 辨析 Elude or evade?In many cases you can use either word. 在许多情况下这两个词可以通用◆to elude / evade detection / capture / the police / your pursuers躲避侦查；逃脱追捕；躲避警察／追捕者 Elude emphasizes the skill or cleverness required to avoid being caught; evade simply emphasizes the fact of not being caught. * elude强调躲避追捕时的机智灵敏，evade仅强调没有被抓到的事实。 ■ lose (lost, lost) [transitive] to escape from sb/sth who is following or chasing you 摆脱，逃脱（尾随或追赶的人）◆We managed to lose our pursuers in the darkness.我们总算在黑暗中摆脱了追赶者。 |