| 例句 |
exhaust verb
⇨ tire (The walk exhausted her.) ⇨ use 2 (exhaust a supply)exhaust noun
⇨ smoke tire verb tire ♦︎ exhaust ♦︎ wear sb/yourself out ♦︎ weaken ♦︎ tire sb/yourself outThese words all mean to make sb/yourself feel tired and want to sleep or rest. 这些词均表示使感到疲劳、使疲倦、使困倦。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to tire / exhaust yourself◆to wear / tire yourself out■ tire [intransitive, transitive] (rather formal) to become tired and feel as if you want to sleep or rest; to make sb feel this way （使）疲劳，疲倦，困倦◆Her legs were beginning to tire.她的双腿开始感到累了。◆He has made a good recovery but he still tires easily.他已经康复得不错，但仍易感疲劳。◆Long conversations tired her.长谈让她感到疲倦。■ exhaust / /ɪgˈzɔːst/ / [transitive] to make sb feel very tired 使筋疲力尽；使疲惫不堪◆Even a short walk exhausted her.即使走一小段路也让她疲惫不堪了。■ ˌwear sb ˈout■ ˌwear yourself ˈout phrasal verb to make sb/yourself feel very tired 使疲乏；使筋疲力尽；使厌烦◆The kids have totally worn me out.孩子们真是把我烦透了。◆You'll wear yourself out if you carry on like this.你要是继续这样下去，身体会吃不消的。■ weaken [intransitive, transitive] to become or to make sb/sth physically weaker （使）虚弱，衰弱◆He began to weaken as his opponent continued the onslaught.对手继续猛攻，他开始变得虚弱了。◆The explosion had weakened the building's foundations considerably.爆炸极大地削弱了这座楼房的地基。OPP strengthen ⇨ strengthen ■ ˌtire sb ˈout■ ˌtire yourself ˈout phrasal verb (rather informal, especially spoken) to make sb/yourself feel very tired 使感到筋疲力尽；使感到疲惫不堪◆Working twelve hour shifts would really tire me out.十二个小时轮班工作会累坏我的。NOTE 辨析 Exhaust, wear sb/yourself out or tire sb/yourself out?There is very little difference in meaning between these words. Exhaust is the most frequent, and the most suitable for use in formal writing, but it can be used in less formal contexts too. Tire sb/yourself out is the least formal, used mostly in spoken English. 这三个词含义差别很小。exhaust使用最为频繁，最适用于正式的写作，但亦可用于不太正式的场合。tire sb/yourself out最不正式，主要用于口语。 use2 verb use a computer/the bus/force/your common sense 用计算机；坐公共汽车；诉诸武力；运用常识use electricity/all the milk 耗电；把牛奶用光use ♦︎ use sth up ♦︎ consume ♦︎ expend ♦︎ deplete ♦︎ drain ♦︎ absorb ♦︎ exhaust ♦︎ get through sthThese words all mean to take sth for a particular purpose so that there is less or none of it left. 这些词均表示消耗、耗费、耗尽。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to use / use up / consume / expend / deplete / drain / absorb / exhaust resources◆to use / use up / deplete / exhaust a supply / supplies of sth◆to use / deplete / drain / exhaust reserves of sth◆to use / use up / consume / expend money◆to use / deplete / drain / exhaust funds◆to use / consume / expend / absorb time◆to use / use up / consume / expend / drain / absorb / exhaust energy◆to use / use up / consume / deplete / absorb / exhaust sth quickly◆to consume / deplete / absorb / exhaust sth rapidly◆to use up / consume / drain / absorb / exhaust sth completely■ use [transitive] to take a particular amount of time, money, energy or a substance in order to achieve or make sth 消耗（时间、金钱、能量或物料）◆This type of heater uses a lot of electricity.这种加热器耗电量很大。◆I hope you haven't used all the milk.我希望你没有把牛奶用光。◆You should learn to use your time more efficiently.你应该学会更有效地利用时间。■ ˌuse sth ˈup phrasal verb to use all of sth so that there is none left 用尽；花光；吃光◆Making soup is a good way of using up leftover vegetables.把剩下的蔬菜全部用来做汤是个好办法。◆I'm wondering how to arrange the furniture without using up too much space.我正琢磨怎样摆放家具才不占用太多空间。■ consume / /kənˈsjuːm; NAmE kənˈsuːm/ [transitive] (rather formal, written) to use sth, especially fuel, energy or time 消耗，耗费（尤指燃料、能量或时间）◆My new car consumes much less fuel.我的新车耗油少很多。◆The production of new paper from wood pulp consumes vast amounts of energy.用木浆造新纸耗费大量能源。ⓘ People do not usually consume resources, but things and processes do. * consume表示耗费资源时，主语通常不能是人，而是事物和过程◆The government has consumed large sums of public money. ◆Bureaucracy consumes money that could have been spent on public services.官僚体制耗费的钱本可以花在公共事业上。 see also consume ⇨ eat ▸ consumption /kənˈsʌmpʃn/ / noun [uncountable] ◆Gas and oil consumption always increases in cold weather.燃气和燃油的消耗量在天冷时总会增加。■ expend / /ɪkˈspend/ / [transitive] (formal) to use sth, especially time, money, energy or effort 花费，消费，耗费（尤指时间、金钱、能量或精力）◆The government has expended large sums of public money on a failing project.政府在一个失败的项目上花费了巨额公帑。◆Unlike most animals, mussels do not expend energy looking for food.与大多数动物不同，蚌不在觅食上花费精力。 see also spend ⇨ spend 1 ▸ expenditure / /ɪkˈspendɪtʃə(r)/ / noun [uncountable] ◆This study represents a major expenditure of time and effort.这项研究意味着要耗费大量的时间和精力。■ deplete / /dɪˈpliːt/ / [transitive, usually passive] (rather formal) to reduce sth by a large amount so that there is not enough left 大量减少；耗尽；使枯竭◆Food supplies were severely depleted.食品供应已严重不足。◆Fossil fuel reserves are being depleted at an alarming rate.矿物燃料的贮藏量正以惊人的速度耗减。▸ depletion / /dɪˈpliːʃn/ / noun [uncountable] ◆ozone depletion臭氧耗损◆the depletion of fish stocks鱼类的数量锐减■ drain [transitive] to make sb/sth poorer or weaker, by using up their/its money or strength 使（金钱或力气）耗尽◆My mother's hospital expenses were slowly draining away my income.我母亲的住院开销把我的收入渐渐耗光了。◆I felt drained of energy.我感到筋疲力尽。◆The experience left her emotionally drained.这次经历使她心灰意懒。▸ a drain on sth noun [singular] ◆Military spending is a huge drain on the country's resources.军费开支是对国家财力的巨大消耗。■ absorb [transitive] to use up a large supply of sth, especially money or time 耗费，耗去（大量金钱、时间等）◆The new proposals would absorb $80 million of the federal budget.这些新提案将耗费联邦政府8 000万元的预算。■ exhaust / /ɪgˈzɔːst/ / [transitive] (rather formal) to use sth up 用尽；花光；吃光◆Within three days they had exhausted their supply of food.他们在三天之内就把贮存的食物吃光了。◆Don't give up until you have exhausted all the possibilities.只要还有可能就别放弃。NOTE 辨析 Use sth up or exhaust? Exhaust is rather formal and is used especially when talking about using up things in large quantities or things which are very important. Use sth up is used especially to talk about smaller quantities of less important things. * exhaust颇为正式，尤指耗尽量大或很重要的东西。use sth up尤指用光量较小且不太重要的东西◆They had exhausted their food supply.他们把贮存的食物吃光了。◆They had used up their food supply. ◆Sorry－I've used up the milk.对不起，我把牛奶用光了。◆Sorry－I've exhausted the milk. ■ ˈget through sth phrasal verb (getting, got, got; NAmE spoken getting, got, gotten)to use a large amount of sth 大量消耗◆We got through a fortune while we were in New York!我们在纽约时花掉了一大笔钱！◆We get through a lot of paper in the office.我们办公室的用纸量很大。 smoke noun smoke ♦︎ fumes ♦︎ exhaust ♦︎ smogThese are all words for a type of gas which is poisonous and makes the air dirty. 这些词均表示烟、烟雾、废气。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆toxic / poisonous smoke / fumes◆car / petrol / diesel fumes / exhaust◆to emit / produce / give off smoke / fumes◆to reduce smoke / smog◆smoke / exhaust emissions / pollution◆a cloud of smoke / fumes■ smoke [uncountable] the grey, white or black gas that is produced by sth burning 烟◆The room was thick with cigarette smoke.房间里弥漫着香烟的烟雾。◆Clouds of thick black smoke billowed from the car's exhaust.一股股黑色浓烟从汽车排气管冒出来。■ fumes [plural] smoke, gas or sth similar that smells strongly or is dangerous to breathe in （浓烈或有害的）烟，气，汽◆Benzene is found in car exhaust fumes.汽车废气中发现含有苯。◆She was overcome by smoke and fumes.她被浓烟熏倒了。■ exhaust / /ɪgˈzɔːst/ / [uncountable] waste gases that come out of a vehicle, engine or machine （车辆、发动机或机器排出的）废气◆The proposals include new limits on car exhaust emissions.这些建议包括对汽车排放物的新限制。■ smog [uncountable] a form of air pollution, especially in cities, that is or looks like a mixture of smoke and fog; a period of time when there is smog in the air 烟雾（尤指城市中烟与雾混合的空气污染物）；有烟雾的时间◆The city has had only limited success in reducing smog levels.该城市在减少烟雾水平方面收效甚微。ⓘ In British English smog can also be countable. 在英式英语中，smog也可作可数名词◆ (BrE) Nowadays, smogs are very common in major cities.如今在大城市里烟雾是非常普遍的。 see also fog ⇨ cloud 1 |