英语词汇“fit”的释义、区别辨析及用法例句-英语同义词词典

fit adj.
⇨ good 2 (in no fit state) ⇨ well (fit and healthy) ⇨ keep fit ⇨ train verb 2fit verb
⇨ equip 2 (be well fitted to a particular role) ⇨ match 1 (Do the facts fit the theory?)fit noun
⇨ attack 3

good

adjective

in good condition/Good work! 状况良好；干得不错！

Now is a good time to... 现在是做⋯的合适时机

a good idea/reason/question/point 好主意；正当理由；好问题；好的观点

a good actor; good at languages; good with your hands 出色的演员；语言能力强；手巧

a good person/deed/life 正派人；善行；高尚的生活

a good impression/opinion/reputation 良好的印象；赞同的意见；好名声

a good boy/girl/dog 乖巧的男孩／女孩；温驯的狗

➡ See also the entries for

⇨ adequate

and

⇨ fine

另见adequate条和fine条

good

♦︎

appropriate

♦︎

suitable

♦︎

right

♦︎

convenient

♦︎

fitting

♦︎

apt

♦︎

cut out for/to be sth

♦︎

fitThese words all describe sb/sth that will work well for a particular purpose or situation. 这些词均表示合适的、适宜的、恰当的。

PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配

◆good / appropriate / suitable / right / convenient / fitting / apt / cut out / fit for sb / sth

◆good / appropriate / suitable as sb / sth

◆good / appropriate / suitable / right / convenient / fitting / apt / fit that...

◆good / appropriate / suitable / right / convenient / fitting / fit to do sth

◆a good / an appropriate / a suitable / the right / a convenient time to do sth / place for sth

◆a good / an appropriate / a suitable / the right / a fitting thing to do / say

◆a good / an appropriate / a suitable / the right person for sth

■ good

suitable or convenient for a particular purpose or person （对某意图或人）合适的，适宜的，恰当的

◆Now is a good time to buy a house.现在买房子正是时候。

◆Do you think she would be good for the job?你认为她干这个工作合适吗？

◆Can we change the time of the meeting? Monday is no good for me.我们把开会时间改改吧－星期一我不方便。

OPP

bad ⇨

wrong

■ appropriate

acceptable or correct for a particular situation or person （对某种情况或人）合适的，恰当的

◆Jeans are not appropriate for a formal interview.正式面试时穿牛仔裤不合适。

◆Would it be appropriate to take him a small gift?给他带一件小礼物合适吗？

◆We must make sure that appropriate action is taken.我们必须确保采取适当行动。

OPP

inappropriate ⇨

wrong

▸

appropriately

adverb

◆Make sure you dress appropriately for the meeting.请确保开会时着装得体。

■ suitable

(BrE

formal,

NAmE)

acceptable or correct for a particular purpose, person or situation （对某意图、人或情况）合适的，适宜的，恰当的

◆The exercise-with-answer-key format makes the book suitable for self-study.这本书有练习有答案，适合自学。

◆I don't think he's a suitable partner for her.我认为他做她的伴侣不合适。

◆Do you think he's suitable as a babysitter for such young kids?你认为他适合临时照看这么小的孩子吗？

ⓘ In American English suitable is only used in formal or official language; in everyday spoken or written American English use appropriate or right. 在美式英语中，suitable仅用于正式或官方语言，在日常口语或书面语中用appropriate或right。

OPP

unsuitable ⇨

wrong

▸

suitably

adverb

◆suitably qualified candidates十分符合条件的人选

■ right

correct for a particular situation, purpose, thing or person （对某情况、意图、东西或人）合适的，适宜的，恰当的

◆He's definitely the right man for the job.他绝对是这份工作的合适人选。

◆I don't think she was right for you (= for you to have a relationship with).我认为她不适合你。

◆Next time we'll get it right.下次我们就不会错了。

◆You're not holding it the right way up.你把它拿倒了。

◆

(BrE)

Are you sure that sweater's on the right way round?你肯定那件毛衣没有穿反吗？

◆

(NAmE)

Are you sure that sweater's on the right way (around)?你肯定那件毛衣没有穿反吗？

OPP

wrong ⇨

wrong

NOTE 辨析 Good, appropriate, suitable or right?How appropriate or suitable sb/sth is is a matter of judgement and it depends on what is acceptable to other people. How good sb/sth is depends more on what you like yourself or what is convenient. How right sb/sth is is more a matter of fact. * appropriate或suitable与否，须根据其是否为他人接受而作出判断；good与否，更多取决于个人喜好或是否方便；right与否，更多是一种客观事实

◆Do you think she would be a / an good / appropriate / suitable person to ask?你认为问她合适吗？

◆a right person to ask

◆She's definitely the good/appropriate/suitable person to ask.

◆She's definitely the right person to ask.这当然应该问她。

Good, suitable and right can all be used when sth is correct for a particular purpose, but appropriate is only used about people or situations. * good、suitable和right均可指某事适合特定目的，但appropriate仅用于形容人或情况。

■ convenient

(especially about times and arrangements) not causing any problems （尤指时间和安排）方便的，便利的

◆I can't see them now. It's not convenient.我现在不能见他们，不太方便。

◆We'll arrange a mutually convenient meeting place.我们会安排一个对彼此都方便的会面地点。

OPP

inconvenient ⇨

wrong

■ fitting

(formal)

suitable or right for an occasion （对某场合）适合的，恰当的

◆The award was a fitting tribute to her years of devoted work.她多年来兢兢业业，获此奖项乃实至名归。

◆It was a fitting end to a glamorous career.这是精彩的职业生涯的恰当结尾。

■ apt

suitable for a particular situation （对某种情况）适合的，恰当的

◆That question seemed quite apt in the circumstances.那个问题在这种场合显得挺合适的。

◆'Love at first sight' is an apt description of how I felt when I first saw her.用“一见钟情”来描述我第一次见她的感觉很恰当。

▸

aptly

adverb

◆the aptly named Grand Hotel名副其实的“大饭店”

■ cut ˈout for sth

■ cut ˈout to be sth

idiom

(rather informal)

to have the qualities and abilities that are suitable for a particlular job or activity 具有适合（某项工作或活动）的素质和才能；是⋯的料

◆He's not cut out for teaching.他不适合教书。

◆He's not cut out to be a teacher.他不是当教师的料。

■ fit

suitable; having the right qualities or skills for sth （素质或技能）适合的，恰当的，合格的

◆The food was not fit for human consumption.这食物不适合人吃。

◆It was a meal fit for a king (= of very good quality).那顿饭都赶上御膳了。

◆

(BrE)

He's in no fit state to see anyone.他状态不好，无法见人。

ⓘ In American English fit is not needed here. 在美式英语中，这一表达法省去fit

◆

(NAmE)

He's in no state to see anyone.他状态不好，无法见人。

OPP

unfit ⇨

wrong

well

adjective

well

♦︎

all right

♦︎

fine

♦︎

healthy

♦︎

strong

♦︎

fit

♦︎

good

♦︎

greatThese words all describe sb who is not ill and is in good health. 这些词均表示健康的、身体好的。

SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺

下图显示这些词所表达健康的程度

all right	➔	well	➔	fine
OK		healthy		great
		strong
		fit
		good

PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配

◆all right / OK / fit for sth

◆all right / OK / fit to do sth

◆to feel / look well / all right / OK / fine / healthy / strong / fit / good / great

◆to keep (sb) well / healthy / fit

◆to get well / strong / fit

◆perfectly well / all right / OK / fine / healthy / fit

◆very / extremely / apparently well / healthy / fit

◆physically well / healthy / strong / fit

◆fit and well / healthy / strong

■ well

[not usually before noun]

(especially spoken)

in good health 健康；身体好

◆I'm not feeling very well.我觉得身体不太好。

◆You're looking well.你看起来棒极了。

◆Is he well enough to travel?他身体怎么样，能旅行吗？

◆Wait till you're better before you go back to work.等你好些了再去上班吧。

◆I hope you're keeping well.希望你健健康康的。

◆'How are you?' 'Very well, thanks.'“你好吗？”“很好，谢谢。”

◆Get well soon (= a message on a greetings card to sb who is ill).愿早日康复。

◆

(informal)

He's not a well man.他身体不太好。

ⓘ Well is used especially to talk about your own health, to ask sb about their health or to make a comment on it. It is also used to talk about sb's health at a particular time, for example when they have just recovered from an illness. * well尤用于谈论自己的健康、询问或评论对方的身体状况。还用于谈论某人特定时期的健康状况，如刚刚病愈之时。

OPP

sick

ill

unwell ⇨

sick

■ all ˈright

[not before noun]

(rather informal,

spoken)

not feeling ill; not injured 无病；平安无恙

◆Are you feeling all right?你感觉还好吧？

◆I'm all right now.我现在没事了。

■ OK

(also okay)

[not before noun]

(informal,

spoken)

not feeling ill; not injured 无病；平安无恙

◆Are you OK?你感觉还好吧？

◆He should be OK for the game on Saturday.他参加星期六的比赛应该没问题。

NOTE 辨析 All right or OK?These words are slightly less positive than the other words in this group. They are both used in spoken English to talk about not actually being ill or injured, rather than being positively in good health. Both are rather informal but OK is slightly more informal than all right. Both words also mean 'safe'. 与本组词的其他词相比，这两个词的正面含义略少，都用于口语中表示无病或无伤，而非身体健康。两个词都是非正式用语，但是OK较all right更不正式。两个词都有安全之意。

➡ See also the entry for

⇨ safe

另见safe条第1义

■ fine

[not before noun]

(not used in negative statements; not used in the comparative or superlative 不用于否定陈述；不用于比较级或最高级形式)

(especially spoken)

completely well 健康；身体好

◆'How are you?' 'Fine, thanks.'“你身体好吗？”“非常好，谢谢。”

◆She was absolutely fine throughout the pregnancy.她在怀孕期间一直感觉良好。

ⓘ

Fine is used especially to talk about your own health, especially when sb asks you how you are. It is also used to talk about sb's health when you are talking to sb else. Unlike well it is not often used to ask sb about their health or make a comment on it. * fine尤用于在对方询问自己的健康状况时作答，还用于与对方谈论另一人的身体状况。与well不同的是，fine不常用于询问或评论对方的健康状况

◆Are you keeping fine?

◆You're looking fine!

■ healthy

in good health and not likely to become ill 健康的；健壮的

◆Keep healthy by eating well and exercising regularly.通过良好饮食和经常锻炼保持健康。

◆She gave birth to a healthy boy.她生下了一个健康的男婴。

◆Here are ten tips for a healthy heart.以下是保持心脏健康的十个小窍门。

OPP

sickly

unhealthy ⇨

sick

see also

health ⇨

health

■ strong

in good health and not suffering from an illness 健康的；强壮的；身体好的

◆After a few weeks she was feeling stronger.几周之后，她感觉好多了。

ⓘ Strong is often used to talk about becoming healthy again after an illness. * strong常用于谈论病后恢复健康。

OPP

weak ⇨

weak

see also

strength ⇨

force

noun

■ fit

(especially BrE)

in good physical health, especially because you take regular physical exercise （尤指因经常运动）健壮的，健康的

◆I used to go swimming every day in order to keep fit.我曾经每天游泳以保持健康。

◆A reasonably fit adult should have no difficulty with the climb.健康状况良好的成年人爬上去应该没问题。

ⓘ

Fit can be used in the phrases fit for sth and fit to do sth, to mean 'well enough to do sth'. It is often used in the context of sport to say that a sportsman or woman has recovered from an injury and is able to play or compete. * fit可用于短语fit for sth和fit to do sth中，意为身体够好，可以做某事。这个词常用于体育语境中，表示运动员伤后恢复竞技状态

◆He's been ill and isn't fit enough for work yet.他一直病着，还不能工作。

◆He should be fit to play in the match tomorrow.他的身体条件应该能参加明天的比赛。

◆She won't compete unless she's fully fit.她在完全恢复之前不会参加比赛。

OPP

unfit ⇨

sick

see also

fitness ⇨

health

■ good

(of a person or part of the body) healthy （人或身体部位）健康的，强健的ⓘ When used in this meaning about a person, good is usually used in negative statements. * good表示人身体健康时，通常用于否定句

◆I don't feel too good today.今天我感觉身体不太好。

However, in informal American English, it can also be used in positive statements, both as an adjective and an adverb. 但是在非正式的美式英语中，good也可作形容词和副词用在肯定句中

◆

(NAmE,

informal)

'How are you?' 'I'm good, thanks!'“你身体怎么样？”“挺好，谢谢。”

◆I'm doing good.我身体还不错。

ⓘ

Good can also be used to talk about a part of the body that is one of a pair, especially an eye or ear, when the other one of the pair is not healthy or does not work properly. * good还可以指眼睛或耳朵等一对器官中健康的、能正常运作的那个

◆Can you speak into my good ear?你能冲着我听得见的那只耳朵说话吗？

OPP

bad ⇨

sick

bad ⇨

injured

■ great

(rather informal,

especially spoken)

in a very good state of physical or mental health 身体健康的；心情愉快的

◆I feel great today.我今天感觉特别好。

◆Everyone's in great form.每个人的状态都非常好。

◆She seemed in great spirits (= very cheerful).她好像心情很不错。

train

verb

train as a teacher 接受师资培训

train for the Olympics 为奥运会训练

➡ See also the entry for

⇨ practise

另见practise条

train

♦︎

exercise

♦︎

work out

♦︎

keep fit

♦︎

warm upThese words all mean to do physical exercises in order to prepare your body for physical activity, or in order to improve your strength and health. 这些词均表示进行体育锻炼、做健身运动。

PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配

◆to train / exercise / warm up properly

◆to train / exercise / work out regularly

◆to train / exercise a horse / dog

■ train

[intransitive

, transitive]

to prepare yourself for a particular activity, especially a sport, by doing a lot of exercise; to prepare a person or animal in this way 进行⋯训练；（尤指）进行体育锻炼；训练（人或动物）

◆We watched the athletes training for the Olympics.我们看了运动员备战奥运会的训练。

◆I train in the gym for two hours a day.我每天在健身房锻炼两个小时。

◆She trains horses.她是驯马的。

◆He trains the Olympic team.他训练奥运代表队。

■ exercise

[intransitive

, transitive]

to do sports or other physical activities in order to stay healthy or become stronger; to make an animal do this; to give a part of the body the movement and activity it needs to keep strong and healthy 进行体育锻炼；操练（动物）；锻炼（身体某部位）

◆How often do you exercise?你多长时间锻炼一次？

◆Horses need to be exercised regularly.马需要经常训练。

◆These movements will exercise your arms and shoulders.这些动作可以锻炼你的手臂和肩膀。

see also

exercise ⇨

sport

noun

■ ˌwork ˈout

phrasal verb

to make your body stronger through physical exercise, especially using equipment in a gym （尤指使用健身器械）锻炼身体，做运动

◆I work out regularly to keep fit.我经常运动以保持健康。

see also

workout ⇨

sport

noun

■ ˌkeep ˈfit

idiom

(

kept

, kept

)

(especially BrE)

to stay healthy and strong, especially by doing regular physical exercise （尤指通过定期运动）保持健康

◆She tries to keep fit by jogging every day.她努力每天慢跑保持健康。

■ ˌwarm ˈup

phrasal verb

to prepare for physical exercise or a performance by doing gentle exercises or practice （为体育活动或表演）做适应性练习，做准备活动；热身

◆We arrived just as the players were warming up.我们抵达时，球员们正在热身。

ⓘ Performers such as dancers, as well as sportsmen and women, have to warm up. * warm up指舞蹈演员等表演者以及运动员热身。

▸

ˈwarm-up

noun

[countable

, singular]

◆He swam ten lengths of the pool as a warm-up.他在游泳池里游了五个来回作为热身。

◆warm-up exercises热身练习

equip

verb

equip yourself with a map 为自己备一张地图

equip students for a career in nursing 使学生胜任护理工作

equip

♦︎

fit

♦︎

qualifyThese words all mean to make sb/sth suitable for a particular job or role. 这些词均表示使适合、使胜任。

PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配

◆to equip / fit / qualify sb for sth

◆to be equipped / fitted / qualified to do sth

◆to be well / perfectly equipped / fitted / qualified for sth

◆to be suitably equipped / qualified for sth

■ equip

(

-pp-

)

[transitive]

(rather formal,

~~especially business 尤用于商业~~)

to prepare sb for an activity or task, especially by teaching them what they need to know （教导以）使有准备，使有能力

◆The programme is designed to equip students for a career in nursing.此课程旨在使学生能够胜任护理工作。

◆Here he received the education that would equip him to take his place in society.他在这儿所受的教育能让他在社会中自立。

ⓘ Skills, professional training and education are typical things that equip people for sth or to do sth. * skills、professional training和education是常见的equip的行为主语，表示使人有能力做某事。

■ fit

(

-tt-

)

[transitive

, often passive]

(BrE)

to make sb/sth suitable for a particular job, role or purpose 使适合，使胜任（某工作、角色或目标）

◆His experience fitted him perfectly for the job.他的经验使他完全能胜任这项工作。

◆She was well fitted to the role of tragic heroine.她非常适合演这一悲情女主角。

◆Natural selection will see to it that animals are well fitted to survive in their environment.自然选择将确保动物适应自身的生存环境。

ⓘ Things which typically fit sb for a particular job are expertise, personality, background, experience, skills, life, education, manners and appearance. In the context of jobs, American English would use equip; sb might be suited to a particular role; animals might be well adapted to survive in an environment. These words can all be used in British English as well. * expertise、personality、background、experience、skills、life、education、manners和appearance是常见的fit的行为主语，表示使人适合做某工作。在工作语境中，美式英语用equip；表示某人适合某角色用be suited to；动物适应某种生存环境用be well adapted to survive。这些说法也都适用英式英语。

■ qualify

[transitive]

(rather formal)

to provide sb with the skills and knowledge they need to do sth 使合格；使具有资格

◆The training should qualify you for a better job.本培训课程应能使你胜任更好的工作。

◆The test qualifies you to drive heavy vehicles.通过这一考试就有资格驾驶重型车辆。

◆Are you qualified to administer drugs?你有施用药物的资格吗？

ⓘ Qualify is usually used to talk about the result of a particular course, programme or course of training, or a test or examination. Students usually receive a certificate to show that they are qualified to do a particular job. * qualify的主语通常是course、programme、training，或test、examination，指通过课程、培训、考试等使某人具备资格，完成或通过后通常获得资格证书以兹证明。

match

verb

The two sets of figures don't match. 这两组数字不一致。

a scarf with gloves to match 一条围巾及相配的手套

compare2match sb's performancerelatematch the quote to the person who said it

match

♦︎

correspond

♦︎

fit

♦︎

correlate

♦︎

tie in

♦︎

coincide

♦︎

agreeThese words all mean to be the same or similar, or to be closely linked in some way. 这些词均表示相同、相似、相关联。

PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配

◆A corresponds / correlates / ties in / coincides / agrees with B

◆A and B correspond / correlate / coincide / agree

◆figures match / correspond / correlate / coincide / agree

◆sb's account / version matches / corresponds / coincides / agrees with sb else's

◆to match / fit / correlate / tie in well

◆to almost match / correspond / correlate / coincide

◆to not quite match / fit / correlate

■ match

[intransitive

, transitive]

(not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时)

if two things match or if one thing matches another, they are the same or very similar 相同；相似；相一致

◆The two sets of figures don't match.这两组数字不一致。

◆Her fingerprints match those found at the scene of the crime.她的指纹与犯罪现场发现的指纹相吻合。

◆The dark clouds matched her mood.天空乌云密布，一如她的心情。

▸

match

noun

[countable]

◆I've found a vase that is an exact match of the one I broke.我找到了一只花瓶，和我打碎的那个一模一样。

◆The paint is a close enough colour match to the original.这种油漆的颜色跟原来的非常接近。

■ correspond

[intransitive]

(not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时)

(rather formal)

to match or be closely connected with another set of figures or facts; to have a similar role or function to sb/sth else in a different place or situation 相一致；符合；类似于；相当于

◆Your account of events does not correspond with hers.你对事情的陈述与她说的不相符。

◆Your account and hers do not correspond.你说的情况与她说的不相符。

◆The written record of the conversation doesn't correspond to (= is different from) what was actually said.那次谈话的文字记录与原话不符。

◆The British job of Lecturer corresponds roughly to the US Associate Professor.英国的讲师职位大致相当于美国的副教授。

ⓘ If you are talking about things which are not exactly the same, you can only use to. If you are talking about things which are exactly the same, you can use either to or with. 如果所指的事物不完全相同，只能用correspond to；如果所指的事物完全相同，用correspond to和correspond with均可。

see also

correspondence ⇨

similarity

corresponding ⇨

equivalent

adj.

■ fit

(

-tt-

especially BrE

fitting

, fitted

;

NAmE usually

fitting

, fit

)

[intransitive

, transitive]

(not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时)

to match an explanation or way of thinking; to be suitable for a particular purpose; to make sth do this （在解释或思维方式上）一致；和（特定目的）相符；使符合

◆His pictures don't fit into any category.他的画无法归类。

◆Something doesn't quite fit here.这里有点不大协调。

◆The facts certainly fit your theory.这些事实和你的说法丝毫不差。

◆The punishment ought to fit the crime.罚须当罪。

◆We should fit the punishment to the crime.我们应依罪量刑。

▸

fit

noun

[countable]

◆We need to work out the best fit between the people required and the people available.我们得算出所需人员与现有人员之间的最佳配比。

■ correlate

/ˈkɒrəleɪt; NAmE ˈkɔːrəleɪt, ˈkɑːrəleɪt/

[intransitive]

(formal

~~technical 术语~~)

if two or more facts or figures correlate, or if a fact or figure correlates with another, the facts or figures are closely connected and affect or depend on each other 相互关联影响；相互依赖

◆The figures do not seem to correlate.这些数字似乎毫不相干。

◆A high-fat diet correlates with a greater risk of heart disease.高脂肪饮食与患上心脏病的风险密切相关。

see also

correlation ⇨

relation

■ ˌtie ˈin

phrasal verb

(rather informal)

to match another set of facts; to be linked to sth, by dealing with the same topics or ideas 与（另一套事实）相符；（因涉及同样的话题或观点而）连结在一起

◆This evidence ties in closely with what we already know.这一证据和我们已掌握的情况完全相符。

◆The concert will tie in with the festival of dance taking place the same weekend.音乐会将和周末举行的舞蹈会演同时进行。

■ coincide

/ˌkəʊɪnˈsaɪd; NAmE ˌkoʊɪnˈsaɪd/

[intransitive]

(rather formal,

especially written)

(of ideas or opinions) to be the same or very similar （想法或意见）相同，相符，极为类似

◆The interests of employers and employees do not always coincide.雇主和雇员的利益并不总是一致的。

◆Our views on this issue coincide closely with those of the Countryside Council.对这个问题的看法我们跟乡村委员会完全相同。

■ agree

[intransitive]

(rather formal,

especially written)

to match another person's account of sth or another set of figures （与另一人的说法或另一套数字）相符，一致

◆The figures do not agree.这些数字不相符。

◆Your account of the accident does not agree with hers.你对事故的叙述与她说的不一致。

attack

noun

a bomb attack 炸弹袭击

a vicious knife attack 凶残的持刀袭击事件

an attack of flu/nerves 流感爆发；突然紧张不安

attack

♦︎

burst

♦︎

bout

♦︎

flurry

♦︎

outburst

♦︎

fit

♦︎

spurtThese are all words for a short and often sudden period of a particular activity, an illness or an emotion. 这些词均表示突然发作、突如其来。

PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配

◆an attack / a burst / a bout / a flurry / an outburst / a fit / a spurt of sth

◆a sudden attack / burst / bout / flurry / outburst / fit / spurt

◆an occasional attack / burst / bout / flurry / outburst

◆a brief burst / bout / flurry / spurt

◆a violent bout / outburst / fit

◆a burst / an outburst / a fit of laughter

◆a burst / flurry / spurt of activity

◆a burst / a bout / an outburst / a fit / a spurt of anger

◆a burst / an outburst / a fit of temper

◆to suffer (from) / have an attack / a bout / a fit (of sth)

◆to bring on an attack / a bout / a fit (of sth)

◆to trigger an attack / an outburst / a fit (of sth)

◆to cause an attack / a flurry / a fit (of sth)

■ attack

[countable]

a sudden, short period of illness, usually severe, especially an illness that you have often; a sudden period of feeling an emotion such as fear （尤指常发疾病的）发作；（情感的）一阵突发

◆He died after suffering an asthma attack.他哮喘发作，去世了。

◆He is recovering in hospital after an acute attack of food poisoning.他急性食物中毒后正在医院慢慢康复。

◆An attack of nerves took hold of her.她突然紧张不安起来。

◆Not everyone who has problems with stress and anxiety will have panic attacks.不是所有受压力和焦虑困扰的人都会患恐慌症。

ⓘ Attack is always used to describe negative things. A heart attack is a sudden serious medical condition in which the heart stops working normally, sometimes causing death. * attack总用于描述不好的事情。heart attack指突发性心脏病，有时会致死。

■ burst

[countable]

a short period of a particular activity or strong emotion that often starts suddenly 突发；猝发；迸发

◆I had a sudden burst of energy and cleaned the house from top to bottom.我突然觉得浑身是劲，就把整座房子从上到下打扫了一遍。

◆I tend to work in bursts.我的工作劲头往往是一阵一阵的。

◆Her breath was coming in short bursts.她的呼吸急迫短促。

◆There was a spontaneous burst of applause.掌声自发地响起。

ⓘ Burst is usually used to talk about short periods of positive things such as energy, enthusiasm, laughter and applause, but it is also possible to talk about a burst of negative feelings such as pain, jealousy, irritation, impatience and frustration. * burst通常表示正面事物的迸发，搭配的词有energy、enthusiasm、laughter和applause等，但同时也可以表示负面情感的发作，搭配的词有pain、jealousy、irritation、impatience和frustration等。

■ bout

/ /baʊt/ /

[countable]

a short period of great activity; a short period during which there is a lot of a particular thing, usually sth unpleasant; an attack or period of illness 一场；一阵；（坏事的）一通，一次；（疾病的）发作（期）

◆They had been fighting after a drinking bout.他们一顿狂饮之后一直在打架。

◆Regular exercise is better than occasional bouts of strenuous activity.有规律的运动比偶尔一两次剧烈运动好。

◆He's just recovering from a severe bout of flu.他正从一场重感冒中慢慢恢复。

NOTE 辨析 Attack or bout?Both attack and bout can be used to talk about a period of illness. Attack, however, can give an impression of a shorter and more sudden period of illness. * attack和bout都可以指疾病发作。但是attack给人的印象是病情来得更突然，持续时间更短。

■ flurry

/ˈflʌri; NAmE ˈflɜːri/

[countable

, usually singular]

an occasion when there is a lot of activity, interest or excitement within a short period of time 一阵忙乱（或激动、兴奋）

◆Her arrival caused a flurry of excitement.她的到来引起了一阵轰动。

◆A flurry of shots rang out in the darkness.黑暗中突然响起一阵枪声。

ⓘ You have a(n) attack/burst/bout of sth; a flurry of sth is sth that there is/was, or that is caused or happens in some way. 常用have a(n) attack/burst/bout of sth和there is/was a flurry of sth句式，a flurry of修饰的事物通常是以某种方式引起或发生的。

■ outburst

/ˈaʊtbɜːst; NAmE ˈaʊtbɜːrst/

[countable]

a sudden strong expression of an emotion, especially anger; a sudden increase in a particular activity or attitude （尤指愤怒的）迸发，爆发；（活动的）激增；（态度的）激化

◆He was alarmed by her violent outburst.她暴跳如雷，令他惊恐万状。

◆This outburst of racism manifested itself most in the suburbs.这波种族主义情绪的突然高涨在郊区表现得最为突出。

ⓘ

Outburst is used most frequently to talk about negative feelings such as anger, violence, hatred, annoyance and rage. It is also used to describe sudden increases in political or social behaviour. * outburst最常表示负面情绪的爆发，搭配的词有anger、violence、hatred、annoyance和rage等，还用来描述政治或社会行为的激增

◆an outburst of militancy / nationalism / patriotism / racism好战／民族主义／爱国主义／种族主义情绪的高涨

■ fit

[countable]

a sudden short period of coughing or laughter, that you cannot control; a sudden strong expression of an emotion 一阵（忍不住的咳嗽或大笑）；（强烈感情的）冲动，发作

◆Laughing brought on a terrible fit of coughing.大笑引起一阵剧烈的咳嗽。

◆He had us all in fits (of laughter) with his jokes.他的笑话让我们都笑得前仰后合。

◆The defendant claimed to have acted in a fit of anger.被告称自己是在狂怒之下作出此等行为。

■ spurt

/spɜːt; NAmE spɜːrt/

[countable]

a sudden increase in speed, effort, activity or emotion for a short period of time （速度、干劲、活动或感情的）短时激增，迸发

◆You'd better put on a spurt (= hurry up) if you want to finish that work today.你要是想今天完成那个工作，最好多加一把劲。

◆Babies get very hungry during growth spurts.婴儿在猛长时期会很饿。

◆I felt a little spurt of pleasure at the prospect.我对前景突然感到一丝鼓舞。