| 例句 |
flop verb
⇨ close 2flop noun
⇨ disasterclose2 /kləʊz; NAmE kloʊz/ verb close a door/your eyes/a book 关门；闭眼；合上书a factory closes/close a factory 工厂倒闭；关闭工厂close ♦︎ cease trading ♦︎ fail ♦︎ close (sth) down ♦︎ collapse ♦︎ go bust ♦︎ crash ♦︎ go bankrupt ♦︎ fold ♦︎ flopThese are all words that can be used when a business stops operating, often because it does not have enough money to pay the bills and cannot borrow any more. 这些词均表示停业、倒闭、破产。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a firm / company closes / ceases trading / fails / closes down / collapses / goes bust / crashes / goes bankrupt / folds◆a business closes / ceases trading / fails / closes down / collapses / goes bust / crashes / folds◆an industry closes down / collapses◆a person goes bust / goes bankrupt◆a / an factory / newspaper / operation / shop closes / closes down◆shares / prices / markets collapse / crash◆a show / play closes / folds / flops◆to suddenly close / close down / collapse / fold■ close [intransitive, transitive](of a business, service or show) to stop operating; to cause a business, service or show to stop operating （企业、服务或演出）停止运作；停业；关闭◆The hospital closed at the end of last year.这家医院去年年底关闭了。◆The play closed after just three nights.这部剧仅上演了三个晚上就停演了。◆The club was closed by the police.那家俱乐部被警方查封了。◆They are closing their Liverpool factory.他们将关闭利物浦的工厂。OPP open ⓘ When a business, service or show opens it starts business or starts playing to the public for the first time. * open指企业开业、服务行业开始营业或演出首次登场◆The show opened to great reviews.首演好评如潮。◆The company opened its doors for business a month ago.那家公司一个月前开业。 ▸ closure /ˈkləʊʒə(r); NAmE ˈkloʊʒər/ noun [countable, uncountable] ◆factory closures工厂倒闭◆The hospital has been threatened with closure.这家医院已经面临关闭的威胁。■ ˌcease ˈtrading phrase (formal, business 商业) (of a business) to stop operating （企业）停业◆A leading travel firm has ceased trading with the loss of a number of jobs.一家大旅行社已经停业，好些人丢了工作。■ fail [intransitive](of a business) to be unable to continue operating （企业）倒闭，破产◆More banks failed as people rushed to withdraw their money.由于人们争相挤兑，更多银行倒闭了。▸ failure noun [countable, uncountable] ◆There has been an alarming increase in business failures.企业倒闭数字的上升令人担忧。■ ˌclose ˈdown ■ ˌclose sth ˈdown phrasal verb (of a business or service) to stop operating; to cause a business or service to stop operating （使）停业；关闭；倒闭◆Companies were closing down or reducing their workforce.公司纷纷倒闭或裁员。◆Banks are closing down their smaller branches.各银行将关闭较小的分行。OPP open (sth) up ⓘ When a business or service opens up it starts operating; to open sth up is to start a new business or service. * open up指企业或服务行业开始运作，open sth up指开展新的业务或服务◆There's a new Thai restaurant opening up in town.城里新开了一家泰国菜餐厅。 NOTE 辨析 Close or close down?There is not much difference in meaning between these words. Both can be used to talk about either a business or service; close but not close down can also be used to talk about a play or show. 两者意思上没有太大差别，均可用于企业或服务行业。close可用于戏剧或演出，但 close down不可以◆The play closed down after just three nights. ■ collapse [intransitive](of a business, prices, a market or an economy) to lose all or most of its value （企业）倒闭；（价格）暴跌；（市场）萧条；（经济）崩溃◆Share prices collapsed after news of poor trading figures.成交量不佳的消息使股价暴跌。◆The region's economy has virtually collapsed.该地区的经济实际上已经崩溃。▸ collapse noun [countable, usually singular] ◆the collapse of share prices / the dollar / the market股价／美元的暴跌；市场大萧条■ go ˈbust idiom (goes, went, gone) (informal) (of a business or the person running it) to be unable to continue operating because there is no money （企业或其经营者）破产◆We lost our deposit when the travel company went bust.旅行社破产，我们的订金都赔了进去。■ crash [intransitive] (rather informal) (of a business, market or prices) to lose all or most of its value suddenly （企业、市场或价格突然）贬值，倒闭，失败；暴跌◆Share prices crashed to an all-time low yesterday.股价昨天暴跌到了历史最低点。▸ crash noun [countable] ◆the 1929 stock market crash1929年的股市暴跌NOTE 辨析 Collapse or crash?There is not much difference in meaning between these words. An economy can collapse but not crash. Crash is slightly more informal and suggests an even more sudden event. 这两个词意思没有太大差别。economy可以和collapse搭配，但不可以和crash搭配。crash稍显不正式，更强调突发性。■ go ˈbankrupt phrase (goes, went, gone)(of a person or company) to stop running a business because you do not have enough money to pay what you owe; (of a person) to ask a judge in court to officially say that you cannot pay your debts and are not allowed to borrow money （人或公司）破产；（人）申请破产◆Unfortunately the firm went bankrupt before the work was completed.不幸的是，这家公司在工程完成之前破产了。◆I have thousands of pounds of debt which I can't afford to pay back and am thinking of going bankrupt.我有数千英镑的债务还不上，正在考虑申请破产。■ fold [intransitive] (rather informal) (of a business, organization or show) to close because it is no longer successful （企业或组织）倒闭；（演出）结束，停演◆His business folded and his wife left him.他生意失败，妻子也离开了他。◆The musical folded after 16 performances.那部音乐剧演了16场后停演了。◆Her fan club has folded.她的追星族俱乐部关闭了。■ flop (-pp-) [intransitive] (rather informal) (of a film, show, product or project) to be a failure, especially because it is not popular （电影、演出、产品或项目）失败，不成功（尤指因不受大众欢迎）◆The play flopped on Broadway.这出戏在百老汇砸了锅。◆Many of his ambitious schemes have flopped in the past.过去他的许多雄心大计都失败了。 see also flop ⇨ disaster noun disaster noun ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ disappointment 另见disappointment条disaster ♦︎ failure ♦︎ catastrophe ♦︎ fiasco ♦︎ debacle ♦︎ flop ♦︎ washoutThese are all words for sth that is very unsuccessful, causes a lot of problems or is disappointing. 这些词均表示失败、糟糕的境况或灾难。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a disaster / failure / catastrophe for sb◆a fiasco / debacle over sth◆a total disaster / failure / catastrophe / fiasco / flop / washout◆a complete disaster / failure / catastrophe / fiasco / flop◆a financial disaster / failure / fiasco / debacle◆an economic disaster / failure / catastrophe◆to prove a disaster / failure / fiasco / flop■ disaster [countable, uncountable] a very bad situation that causes problems; sth that is very unsuccessful 不幸；祸患；彻底失败的事◆Losing your job doesn't have to be such a disaster.丢了工作不一定就是大难临头。◆Disaster struck when the wheel came off.车轮脱落，灾祸就来了。◆Letting her organize the party is a recipe for disaster (= sth that is likely to go badly wrong).让她来组织这次聚会非坏事不可。◆The play's first night was a total disaster.这出戏头一晚上就彻底演砸了。 see also disaster ⇨ crisis ■ failure [countable] something that is not successful 失败◆The whole thing was a complete failure.整个事情彻底失败了。◆A team learns from experience, both successes and failures.一个团体应该从成功与失败的经验中学习。◆The venture proved to be a costly failure.那个经营项目结果证明是一次损失惨重的失败。OPP success ⇨ success see also failure ⇨ failure ■ catastrophe / /kəˈtæstrəfi/ / [countable] an event that causes sb suffering or that causes problems 不幸事件；麻烦◆The attempt to expand the business was a catastrophe for the firm.拓展业务的尝试使这家公司陷入困境。◆We've had a few catastrophes with the food for the party.我们为聚会准备食物时遇到了一些困难。 see also catastrophe ⇨ crisis ■ fiasco /fiˈæskəʊ; NAmE fiˈæskoʊ/ [countable] (rather informal) something that is a complete failure especially because it is badly planned or organized, often in a way that causes embarrassment 难堪的失败，尴尬的结局（尤指筹划不周或组织不力所致）◆What a fiasco!这结果真丢脸！◆After the fiasco over the brochures, I decided to take charge of the marketing.经历了广告手册的难堪失败之后，我决定负责市场营销工作。■ debacle /deɪˈbɑːkl, dɪˈbɑːkl/ [countable] something that is a complete failure, especially because of disagreements between those involved, in a way that causes embarrassment （尤指内部分歧造成的）彻底失败，崩溃，垮台◆He should take responsibility for the debacle and resign.他应该对这次惨败负责并辞职。■ flop [countable] (informal) something such as a film, party or product, that is not successful, especially because it is not popular or is not bought by many people （电影、聚会或产品等）失败，砸锅◆The film has been labelled the year's biggest box-office flop.这部电影被称为本年度票房收益最差的影片。◆The share sale has been a flop with investors.这次股份销售并不受投资者青睐。 OPP hit ⇨ success see also flop ⇨ close verb 2 ■ washout /ˈwɒʃaʊt; NAmE ˈwɑːʃaʊt, ˈwɔːʃaʊt/ [countable, usually singular] (informal) an event that is a complete failure, especially because of rain 因雨取消的事；彻底失败的事；泡汤◆They feared that the wedding was going to be a washout after torrential rain.他们担心倾盆大雨过后这次婚礼将会取消。 |